AP Statistics Name __________________________________________________________

2/23/06 Coley / P. Myers Period _______________

Test #9 (Chapter 19-24) Honor Pledge ____________________________________________________

Part I - Multiple Choice (Questions 1-20) - Circle the answer of your choice.
1. The purpose of a confidence interval is to provide
(a) information about the range of data in a distribution.
(b) a measure of the confidence we can have that our sampling represents the population.
(c) a list of the possible values of a statistic from samples of size n.
(d) an estimate of the value of a parameter.
(e) Upper and lower bounds on the error of the sample estimate.
2. Two types of football helmets, padded helmets and suspension helmets, were compared to determine which had the lowest rate of
impact damage. Forty helmets of each type were randomly selected and subjected to an impact test. The damage rates were 0.14
(padded) and 0.45 (suspension). A 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference in the damage rates of the two types of
helmets is (-0.498, -0.122). On the basis of this confidence interval, can you say that the padded helmets have a significantly lower
rate than suspension helmets?
(a) No, because confidence intervals cannot be used to test hypotheses.
(b) No, because rates cannot be negative.
(c) Yes, because (-0.122) (-0.498) = 0.376 which is greater than zero.
(d) Yes, because clearly 0.14 is less than 0.45.
(e) Yes, because the entire confidence interval is negative.

3. The standard error of x refers to

(a) the amount an observed statistic value for x differs from its parameter.
(b) an estimate of the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of x .
(c) the number of standard deviations that the observed statistic x value differs from its parameter m .
(d) the maximum amount that the values of the x statistic differ from the parameter value m .
(e) the amount of variation in the data about the mean.

4. Data was collected to test whether there is a difference between the mean heights of women born in two different countries. It is
assumed that the heights of women in each of these countries are approximately normally distributed. The data collected indicate
the following:
n1 = 130, x1 = 63.8, s1 = 2.3

n2 = 190, x 2 = 62.4, s2 = 2.7

Which of the following represents an estimate of the standard deviation of the sampling distribution corresponding to x1 - x 2 ?

(a) 0.04
(b) 0.29
(c) 2.24
(d) 2.50
(e) 3.16

5. You want to compute a 90% confidence interval for the mean of a population with unknown population standard deviation. If the
sample size is 30, what is the appropriate value of t*?

(a) 0.90
(b) 1.311
(c) 1.645
(d) 1.699
(e) 1.96

6. If the P-value of the test is less than the level of significance of the test, then which of the following is a correct conclusion?

I. The value of the test statistic is in the rejection region for this test.
II. The sample size should be increased to decrease the margin of error.
 III. The corresponding confidence interval will not contain the hypothesized value of the parameter in the null hypothesis.

(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) I, II, and III
(d) I and III only
(e) II and III only

7. It is believed that at least 60% of voters from a certain region in Canada favor the free trade agreement (FTA). A recent poll
indicated that out of 400 randomly selected individuals, 250 favored the FTA. At the 5% level of significance, we would:

(a) Fail to reject H 0 since the calculated value of the test statistic is 1.033 which is less than 1.645.
(b) Fail to reject H 0 since the calculated value of the test statistic is 1.033 which is less than 1.96.
(c) Fail to reject H 0 since the calculated value of the test statistic is 1.0204 which is less than 1.96.
(d) Fail to reject H 0 since the calculated value of the test statistic is 1.0204 which is less than 1.645.
(e) Not need to test since everyone knows that FTA is good.

8. A music buff wants to estimate the percentage of students at the University of Manitoba who believe that Elvis is still alive. How
many students should he include in a random sample if he wants a 90% confidence interval that is less than 10 percentage points
wide? {Choose the sample size that is closest to your solution}

(a) 68
(b) 97
(c) 269
(d) 385
(e) 1022

9. A geologist claims that a particular rock formation will yield a mean amount of 24 pounds of a chemical per ton of excavation.
His company, fearful that the true amount will be less, plans to run a test on a random sample of 50 tons. They will reject the 24
pound claim if the sample mean is less than 22. Suppose the standard deviation is 5.8 pounds. If the true mean is 20 pounds of
chemical, what is the probability that the test will result in a failure to reject the incorrect 24 pound claim?

(a) 0.0073
(b) 0.4927
(c) 0.5073
(d) 0.8200
(e) 0.9927

10. A political poll of Canadians was conducted to investigate their opinions on gun control. Each person was asked if they were in
favor or gun control or not in favor of gun control non respondents were removed from the results. The survey found that 25% of
people contacted were not in favor of gun control laws. These results were accurate to within 3 percentage points, 19 times out of 20.
Which of the following is NOT CORRECT?

(a) The 95% confidence interval is approximately from (22% to 28%).

(b) We are 95% confidence that the true proportion of people not in favor is within 3 percentage points of 25%.
(c) In approximately 95% of polls on this issue, the confidence interval will include 25%.
(d) If another poll of similar size were taken, the percentage of people IN FAVOR of gun control would likely range from 72% to
78%.
(e) A properly designed poll of the same size in the United States would have the same margin of error.

11. A hypothesis test whose null hypothesis is m = 101.5 is conducted at the a = 0.02 level of significance. Which of the following
statements is true?

(a) Since a = 0.02 , b = 0.98

(b) The power of the test is 0.98.
(c) The power of the test is 0.02.
(d) The power of the test cannot be calculated from this information.
(e) The value of b = 0.98 , but the power of the test cannot be calculated from this information.
12. When performing a test of significance for a null hypothesis, H 0 , against an alternative hypothesis, H a , the P-value is
(a) the probability that H 0 is true
(b) the probability that H a is true
(c) the probability that H 0 is false
(d) the probability of observing a value of a test statistic as least as extreme as that observed in the sample if H 0 is true
(e) the probability of observing a value of a test statistic as least as extreme as that observed in the sample if H a is true

13. In a test of H 0 : m = 8 versus H a : m 8 , a sample of size 220 leads to a p-value of 0.034. Which of the following must be true?

(a) A 95% confidence interval for m calculated from these data will not include m = 8 .
(b) At the 5% level if H 0 is rejected, the probability of a Type II error is 0.534.
(c) The 95% confidence interval for m calculated from these data will be centered at m = 8 .
(d) The null hypothesis will not be rejected at the 5% level.
(e) The sample size is insufficient to draw a conclusion with 95% confidence.

14. The mayor of a large city will run for governor if he believes that more than 30 percent of the voters in the state already support
him. He will ask a survey firm ask a random sample of n voters whether or not they will support him. He will use a large sample
test for proportions to test the null hypothesis that the proportion of all voters who support him is 30 percent or less versus the
alternative that the percentage is higher than 30 percent. Suppose that 35 percent of all voters in the state actually support him. In
which of the following would the power of the test be the highest?

(a) The mayor uses a significance level of 0.01 and n = 250 voters.
(b) The mayor uses a significance level of 0.01 and n = 500 voters.
(c) The mayor uses a significance level of 0.01 and n = 1,000 voters.
(d) The mayor uses a significance level of 0.05 and n = 500 voters.
(e) The mayor uses a significance level of 0.05 and n = 1,000 voters.

15. In a hypothesis test for the mean of a population, if 0.64 is the standard error of the mean and the sample size is 25, what is the
standard deviation of the sample?
(a) 3.2
(b) 0.64
(c) 32
(d) 0.128
(e) none of the answers given are correct

16. You conduct 2 separate hypothesis tests. The P-value of the first is 0.0025 and the P-value of the second is 0.0030. Which of the
following is a true statement?

(a) The evidence against Ho is stronger in the first test.

(b) The evidence against Ho is stronger in the second test.
(c) There is no difference in the strength of the evidence against Ho.
(d) The difference in the strength of the evidence cannot be determined.
(e) The strength of the evidence against Ho is in the eye of the beholder

17. A pharmaceutical company claims that a medication will produce a desired effect for a mean time of 58.4 minutes. A
government researcher runs a one-sided hypothesis test of 250 patients and calculates a mean of 57.5 with a standard deviation of
8.3. In which of the following intervals is the p-value located?

(a) p-value < .01

(b) .01 < p-value < .025
(c) .025 < p-value < .05
(d) .05 < p-value < .10
(e) p-value > .10

18. In a study of the inheritance pattern of gender, a random sample of 100 had 60 males and 40 females. We wish to test if the
pattern favors males. The p-value for this test is
(a) 0.4772
(b) 0.94772
(c) 0.0456
(d) 0.0114
(e) 0.0228

19. Which of the following conditions are necessary to justify the use of z procedures in a significance test about a population
proportion?

I. The sample must be drawn from a normal population.

II. The population must be larger than 10 times the sample.
III. np >10 and n(1-p) >10

(a) I only
(b) I and II only
(c) II and III only
(d) III only
(e) I, II, and III

20. Statistical inference is the process of

(a) making statements about sample parameters based on population statistics

(b) making statements about population parameters based on sample statistics
(c) making statements about sample statistics based on population parameters
(d) making statements about population statistics based on sample parameters
(e) making statements about the meaning of life based on adolescent experiences