TRFRFDN 20 MVA Runnisaidpur

CLIENT POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED SHYAMA POWER (I) LTD
PROJECT BIHAR SUB TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, PHASE II, PART II DESIGN NO.- 1000
SUBSTATION 132/33kV Runnisaidpur S/S
Design of Transformer Foundation
Transformer Detail
Equipment Type : 20 MVA(3 Phase)

Length, L 5.9 m
Width, B 3.2 m
Height from PL, H 4.5 m
Weight, W 50850 Kgs
Ref drg no. EM10/D10401 (R-1) - GA of 20MVA Transformer
of EMCO Ltd.
General inputs :
Basic wind Speed, Vb 47 m/s
Risk coefficient, k1 1.07
Terrain ht & str size factor, k2 1.00
Topogrphy factor, k3 1.00
Design wind speed, Vz 50.29 m/s
Design wind pressure, Pz 1.517 KN/m2
Seismic Zone 4
Zero period acceleration value , Z 0.24
Spectral acceleration coeffient for soil , Sa 2.5
g
Importance factor , I 1.5
Response Reduction factor , R 3
Damping 5%
Ah = (Z/2)* (Sa/g) 0.15
(R/I)
Base Shear, Vb = Ah x W 7627.50 Kgs

Net safe Bearing capacity 68.67 KN/m2 =7*9.81
Bulk density of soil, n 18.39 KN/m3 =1.875*9.81
Angle of repose, f 0 0
Cohesion, C 34.34 KN/m2 =3.5*9.81

Depth of water table 4.5 m
self wt of grating 70 Kg/m2
Live load on grating 300 kg/m2
Thickness of gravel topping over grating 0.1 m
wt of gravel topping 240 Kg/m2
Partial factor of safety 2.2
20MVA Transf fdn Page 1

1. Design of Transformer main Block
Size of transformer mass block 2.35 m x 3.15 m
300
2000 1700
300
500 2350 500

3350
Horizontal Force due to Wind, 40.29 KN =1.52 x 5.9 x 4.5

Add 20% for projections 48.35 KN
Moment at PL, Mw 108.78 KN-m =48.35 x 4.5/2
Horiz. Force due to Seismic Load, 74.83 KN =7627.5 x 9.81/1000

Moment at PL, Ms 168.36 KN-m =74.83 x 4.5/2
Design Loads at Plinth Level

Vertical Equipment Load 498.84 KN =50850 x 9.81/1000
Horizontal Shear 74.83 KN
Moment 168.36 KN-m
Transformer Block
300
Wall
3150
2300 1700
500
300
150
400 5250 4350 400
150
4150
When clear gap between wall and main block exceeds 2.0m, provide grating support column at a
distance of 2.0 m from main block,
Grating Area = 13.88 m2 =(5.25+4.35-3.15)/2x2.35+2.0x3.15
Grating Load due to dead weight 971.51 Kg = 70 x 13.88

Load due to gravel topping 3330.90 Kg = 240 x 13.88

Combined concentric Load 42.21 KN = (971.51 + 3330.9) x 9.81/1000
Load due to live load on grating 40.85 KN = 300 x 13.88 x 9.81/1000
Total wt due to Grating and others 83.05 KN
Check for Bearing pressure
Area of fdn 13.90 m2 = 4.15 x 3.35

Moment of Inertia, I 13.00 m4 = 4.15 x 3.35^3/12
or, Zyy = 7.76 m3 = 13/(3.35/2)
Weight of concrete(fdn only) 474.39 KN
= (((1.7x25) + 0.3x25)x 3.15 x 2.35)+(3.35 x 4.15 x 0.3 x25)
Load combinations:
1) DL 1056.28 KN =498.84 + 474.39 + 83.05
2) DL+moment DL 1056.28 KN =498.84 + 474.39 + 83.05
Moment 340.46 KN-m = 74.83 x (4.5 /2 + 2.3 )
SBC at toe level 85.84 KN/m2 = ( 68.67 x 1.25 )

Pressure due overburden soil 36.79 KN/m2 = 2 x 18.39
Bearing pressure developed in
case 1: 39.19 KN/m2 = 1056.28 / 13.9 - 36.79
39.19 < 68.67 Hence Ok
case 2: 83.05 KN/m2
= 1056.28 / 13.9 + 340.46 / 7.76 - 36.79
83.05 < 85.84 Hence Ok
Check for Overturning
Weight of concrete
a) Pedestal 370.13 KN = 2 x 2.35 x 3.15 x 25
b) Raft 104.27 KN = 3.35 x 4.15 x 0.3 x 25
Total vertical load 973.23 KN = 370.13 + 104.27 + 498.84
Restoring moment about toe of fdn 1467.15 KN-m = 0.9 x 973.23 x 1.675
Overturning moment 340.46 KN-m
F.O.S. against Overturning 4.31 > 2.2 Hence O.K.
Check against sliding
Maximum horizontal shear 74.83 KN

Cohesion, c = 34.34 KN/m2
Coefficient of pressure = 1.00 = tan^2(45 + 0/ 2) Deg.
Resisting passive pressure, P = 105.46 KN/m2 = 2 x 34.34 x 1 + 18.39 x 2 x 1
Minimum area = 5.00 m2 = 2.35 x 1.7 + 3.35 x 0.3
Max. frictional resistance = 527.29 KN = 105.46 x 5
F.O.S. against Sliding = 7.05 = 527.29 / 74.83
> 2.2, Hence O.K.
REINFORCEMENT FOR BLOCK FOUNDATION ABOVE PAD
For Block Foundation, reinforcement of 25Kg/m3 is provided.

Provide Vertical Reinforcement 12@100c/c
Provide Horizontal Reinforcement 10@100 c/c
Provide Top Reinforcement 10@200 c/c (B/W)

Top Reinforcement 10@200 c/c (B/W)
Length 3.15 m
Breadth 2.35 m
No of bars along length 12
No of bars along breadth 16
Length of bars 72.60 m
Total weight @ 0.617 kg/m 44.79 kg
Vertical Reinforcement 12@100 c/c

Length 3.15 m
Breadth 2.35 m
No of bars along breadth 24
No of bars along length 30
Length of bars 216 m
Total weight @ 0.89 kg/m 192.24 kg
Horizontal Reinforcement 10 @100 C/C

Height 2 M
No. of bars along length 21 nos
Length of bars 227.64 m

Total weight @0.617kg/m 140.45 kg
Total Weight of bars 377.49 kg

Volume of foundation = 2 x 2.35 x 3.15 = 14.81 m3
Reinforcement per cubic meter = 377.49 / 14.81 = 25.50 kg/m3 > 25 kg/m3
Reinforcement required at pedestal base
Net upward pressure at the base 75.55 KN/m2 = 83.05 - 0.3x 25

Moment at face of Block 9.44 KN-m/m = 75.55 x 0.5^2 / 2
Design Moment, Mu 20.78 KN-m/m = 2.2 x 9.44
Clear cover 50 mm
Effective depth, d 245 mm
Area of Steel, Ast = Mu/(0.87fy(d-0.416xu), where xu/d=1.202+-(1.4446-6.67735Mu/fckbd2))^1/2

Hence, xu = 12.04 mm
and Ast1 = 240 mm2/m
Mininimum Ast for 0.12% reinf. 360 mm2/m
Max spacing, 3d or 450mm = 450 mm
Provide 10 f bars @ 200 mm c/c at bottom

= 393 mm2/m, O.K.
Provide 10 f bars @ 200 mm c/c at Top
= 393 mm2/m, O.K.

2. Design of wall foundation for rails
Shipping wt of transformer = 50850 kg

= 498.84 KN
Calculation of Gravel load
L.L. on grating 2.94 KN/m2
Wt of gravel 2.35 KN/m2
Wt of grating 0.69 KN/m2
5.98 KN/m2
Thickness of wall 0.400 m
C/C distance of rail track 1.743 m
Load coming on unit length of wall 4.02 KN/m = 5.98 x ( 1.743 - 0.4)/2
Case I : When wheels run on two parallel tracks
350 1743 350
300 400 GL
2100
2000
200
2443
Final load combination for single wall

1) DL due to equipment 124.71 KN = 498.84 / 4
124.71 KN
Considering unit length of wall
Vertical load 71.55 KN/m = 124.71 / 1.743
Dead wt of wall 21.00 KN/m = 0.4 x 2.1 x 25
Load from Gravel and Grating 4.02 KN/m
96.57 KN/m
Factored vertical load/m, Pu 212.45 KN/m =2.2 x 96.57
Clear cover provided 50 mm
Minimum reinforcement required 0.2 % of gross area

Reinforcement required 800 mm2/face = 0.2/100 x 1000 x 400
Provide 12 f bars @ 125 mm c/c as Vert. & Horiz.Reinf.

= 905 mm2/m, O.K.
Design of base pad
SBC at toe level for dead load only 68.67 KN/m2 = 68.67
Pressure due to overburden soil 36.79 KN/m2 = 2 x 18.39
Dispersed load width 6.343 m = (1743 + 2 / tan(45) x 2300)/1000

Moment at base 53.67 KN-m/m = (74.83 x(4.5/2+2.3))/6.343
Volume of concrete above GL 0.24 m3/m = 2 x 0.3 x 0.4
Volume of concrete below GL 1.93 m3/m = 2 x 1.8 x 0.4 + 2.443 x 0.2
Dead load raft & wall 54.22 KN/m = (0.24 + 1.9286) x 25
Total Vertical load 141 KN/m 498.84 / 6.343 + 54.215 + 4.02 x 2
2300
45
1743
6343
Maximum bearing pressure developed = 20.89 KN/m2 = 140.9/2.443 - 36.79

< 68.67 KN/m2 OK.
Design of base pad
Net bearing pressure 15.89 KN/m2 = 20.89 - 0.2 x 25
Moment at middle of slab 6.03 KN-m/m = 15.89 x 1.743^2 / 8
Design moment, Mu 13.27 KN-m/m = 2.2 x 6.03

Effective depth, d 145
Area of Steel, Ast = Mu/(0.87fy(d-0.416xu), where xu/d=1.202+-(1.4446-6.67735Mu/fckbd2))1/2

Mininimum Ast for 0.12% reinf. 174 mm2/m
Max spacing, 3d or 450mm = 435 mm
Provide 10 f bars @ 250 mm c/c both ways at top and bottom

= 314 mm2/m, O.K.
Check for punching against one wall
Punching perimeter 12.686 m = 2 x 6.343

Effective area for punching 1.84 m2 = 12.686 x 145/1000
Punching load 408.110 KN
=498.84/2+4.02x6.343+(2.1 x0.4x6.343)x25
Punching shear stress developed 0.488 N/mm2
= 2.2 x 408.11x 1000 /(1.84x 1000 x 1000)
< 0.25 x sqrt(fck) = 1.118 N/mm2, O.K.

3. Design of transformer pit wall
150
300 FGL
550
750
400 0
200
950
Load calculation
1) Gravel load 2.35 KN/m2
2) Grating load 0.69 KN/m2
3) L.L. 2.94 KN/m2
5.98 KN/m2
Coeff. of earth pressure, K0 1.00 1 - sin(0)
1 + Sin (0)
Soil pressure at the bottom of wall 13.80 KN/m2 = 1 x ( 0.75 x 18.39)
Surcharge 2000 KN/m2
= 19.62 KN/m2
Earth pressure due to surcharge,q0 19.62 KN/m2 = 1 x 19.62
750
0
0.00 KN/m2 13.80 KN/m2 19.62 KN/m2
Water pressure Earth Pressure at rest Lateral pressure due to surcharge
550
10.12 0.00
200
13.80 0.00
Earth Pressure at rest Water pressure

Check for Overturning
Weight of concrete per metre of wall length
a) Pedestal 3.19 KN/m = 0.85 x 0.15 x 25
b) Raft 4.75 KN/m = 0.95 x 0.2 x 25
Weight of overburden soil per metre of wall length 8.09 KN/m = (0.95 - 0.15) x 0.55 x 18.39
Weight due to surcharge 7.85 KN/m = 19.62 x 0.4
Total Oil Weight 7.20 KN/m =14100 x9.81/1000/9.6/2
Total vertical load 36.77 KN/m =3.19+4.75+8.09+5.98x0.95+7.85+7.2
Restoring moment about toe of fdn 15.72 KN-m/m = 0.9 x 36.77 x 0.95 /2
Overturning moment
Moment from soil side of pit 6.81 KN-m/m =19.62x0.75^2/2+13.8x0.75^2/6+0x0^2/6
Moment from other side of pit 0.23 KN-m/m =10.12x(0.2)^2/2+(13.8-10.12)x(0.2)^2/6
Net overturning moment 6.58 KN-m/m
F.O.S. against Overturning 2.39 >2.2, Hence O.K.
Check against sliding
Maximum horizontal shear 19.89 KN/m =19.62x0.75+13.8x0.75/2

Cohesion, c = 34.34 KN/m2
Coefficient of Friction = 1.00 = tan2(45 + 0/ 2) Deg.
Resisting passive pressure, P = 82.47 KN/m2 =2 x 34.34 x 1+18.39*0.75*1
Minimum area = 0.75 m2/m = 0.2 + 0.55
Max. frictional resistance = 61.85 KN/m = 82.47 x 0.75
F.O.S. against Sliding = 3.11 = 61.85 / 19.89
> 2.2, Hence O.K.
Design of wall
Soil pressure at the bottom of wall 10.12 KN/m2 = 1 x 0.55 x 18.39
550
0
0.00 KN/m2 10.12 KN/m2 19.62 KN/m2
Water pressure Earth Pressure at rest Lateral pressure due to surcharge
Design Moment, Mu 7.65 KN-m/m = 2.2 x ( 0.5 x 10.12 / 3 + 19.62/2 ) x 0.55^2

Minimum Ast in wall 0.2% = 300 mm2/m
Ast / face = 150 mm2/m
Provide 10 f bars @ 200 mm c/c as Vert. Reinf.
= 393 mm2/m, O.K.

Design of internal wall face
(Considering water inside & no earth outside during construction stage)
850
8.50 KN/m2 0
Top of raft
Moment at the base due to water 1.02 KN-m/m = 0.5 x 0.85 x 10 x 0.85 x ( 0.85/3+0)
Design Moment, Mu 2.25 KN-m/m = 2.2 x 1.02
Hence, xu = 3.3 mm
and Ast1 = 67 mm2/m
Provide 10 f bars @ 200 mm c/c as Vert. Reinf.
= 393 mm2/m, O.K.
Horizontal reinforcement
Providing pt = 0.2 %
Ast / face 150 mm2/m
Provide 8 f bars @ 250 mm c/c per face
= 201 mm2/m, O.K.
W3
Design of base slab
Wt of soil outside the pit,w1 4.05 KN/m

Wt of soil inside the pit,w2 0.0 KN/m
Net design moment, Mu 5.85 KN-m/m Soil 0
= 0.5 x 13.8 x 0.75^2 / 3 + 19.62 x 0.75^2/2-(4.05-0)*0.475/2 550 W1
Wt of wall & gravel 13.92 KN/m soil W2
Design vertical load, Pu 17.97 KN/m 200
Pressure due to overburden soil 13.80 KN/m2 400
= 0.75 x 18.39
Bearing pressure 44.01 KN/m2 475
= 17.97 / 0.95 + 5.85 x 6 / 0.95^2 - 13.8
SBC at toe level 49.05 KN/m2
> 44.01 Hence Ok
Net bearing pressure 39.01 KN/m2 = 44.01 - 0.2 x 25
Design moment, Mu 6.87 KN-m/m = 2.2 x 39.01 x 0.4 ^2 / 2

Hence, xu = 6.67 mm
Minimum Ast in slab 0.12% = 240 mm2/m

= 167 mm2/m, O.K.

SUBSTATION 132/33KV Runnisaidpur S/S
4. Calculation for Pulling Block
Transformer load 50850 kg

Load for Pulling Block 5% of 50850 = 2542.50 kg 25
Size of Pulling Block 1.00 m x 1.00 m
300
GL
2000
200
300 1000 300
1600
Weight of concrete
wt of concrete above GL = 0.3 x 1 x 1 x 25 7.50 KN
wt of concrete below GL = (1.8 x 1 x 1 + 0.2 x 1.6 x 1.6)x25 57.80 KN
Total wt of concrete 65.30 KN
Weight of soil = 1.8 x (1.6 x 1.6 - 1 x 1) x 18.39 51.65 KN
Total weight due to soil= 51.65 KN
Coefficient of Passive pressure = (1 + Sin 0)/(1-Sin 0) = 1.00

Passive pressure = 1 x 1.8 x 18.39 = 33.11 KN/m2
Moment due to Passive pressure = 1 /2 x 33.11 x 1.8 x 1.8/3 = 17.88 KNm
Passive pressure = 1 x 0.2 x 18.39 3.68 KN/m2

Moment due to Passive pressure = 1 /2 x 3.68 x 0.2 x 0.2/3 = 0.02 KNm
Applied Moment = 25 x 2.3 = 57.50 KNm

Resultant moment = 57.5 - 17.88 - 0.02 = 39.60 KNm
Total Vertical load = 65.3 + 51.65 = 116.95 KN
Resisting moment = 116.95 x 1.6/2 = 93.56 KNm
FOS = 93.56/39.6 = 2.36 > 2.2
Reinforcement calculation
Total Vertical load 52.50 KN

Horiz. Force in y-direction,SFy 25 KN
Moment about major axis ,Mx = 25 x 2.1 52.5 KNm
Shear parallel to base channel, SFx 0 KN
Minimum eccentricity,emin = (300 + 2000 - 200)/500+1000/30 37.53 mm
Moment about minor axis ,My 1.97 KNm
Active moment about the base of pedestal
Mux = 2.2 x 52.5 115.50 KNm
Muy = 2.2 x 1.97 4.34 KNm

Total comp. force at bottom, P = (300 + 2000 - 200)/1000 x1x1x 25 52.50 KN
Pu = 2.2 x 52.5 115.50 KN
Minimum percentage of steel required, pt,min 0.8 %
X-sectional area of column required = 115.5 x 1000 /(0.4 x 20 + 0.67 x 415 x 0.8/100) 11296.51 mm2
Minimum area of steel required 90.37 mm2
Area of Steel(As) 12 nos 12f bars 1356.48 mm2
Percentage of steel, p 0.136 %

Clear Cover provided 50 mm
d'/D 0.05
Pu/fckbD 0.006
p/fck 0.007
Referring to chart 44 of SP16, Mux1/fckbD2 0.01
Mux1 200.0 KN-m
Referring to chart 44 of SP16, Muy1/fckbD2 0.01
Muy1 200.0 KN-m
Puz 9422 KN
Pu/Puz 0.012
n 1
Interaction ratio 0.578 + 0.022 0.599 < 1 , OK
Provide 8 f@ 250 C/C as lateral ties
Design of base slab
Self wt of raft = 1.6 x 1.6 x 0.2 x 25 = 12.80 KN

wt of pedestal = 2.1 x 1 x 1 x 25 = 52.50 KN
wt of soil = (1.6x1.6 - 1x1) x (1.8 x 18.39) = 51.65 KN
Total load, P = 12.8 + 52.5 + 51.65 = 116.95 KN
Area of fdn = 1.6 x 1.6 = 2.56 m2
Applied Moment = 25 x 2.3 = 57.50 KNm
Resultant moment = 57.5 - 17.88 - 0.02 = 39.60 KNm
Bearing pressure =116.95/2.56+39.6x 6/1.6x1.6^2 - 36.79 = 66.90 KN/m2
< 85.84 KN/m2
Net bearing pressure = 66.9 - 25 x 0.2 = 61.90 KN/m2
Design moment, Mu = 2.2 x 61.9 x 0.3^2/2 6.13 KN/m

Hence, xu = 5.98 mm
Minimum Ast in slab (0.12%) = 240 mm2/m
Ast / face 120 mm2/m
= 262 mm2/m, O.K.

SHYAMA POWER (I) LTD
DESIGN NO.- 1000
KN

SHYAMA POWER (I) LTD
DESIGN NO.- 1000

5. Soak Pit Calculation:
Volume of transformer oil = 17200 Litres

Volume of Soak Pit (Net) = 1.3x 17200 = 22360 Litres
Depth of Soak Pit = 0.55 m
Surface Area of Soak Pit required = 22.36/0.55 = 40.65 m2
Area occupied by Transformer

foundations & cooling system foundations = 3.150 x 2.350 + 2 x 0.4 x 2.775
= 9.62 m2
Therfore, Gross area of Soak Pit required = 40.65+ 9.62 = 50.28 m
Inside Gross area of Soak Pit = 5.2 x 2.3 + 1.450 x 6.2+3x7 +5.8x1.45+1.4x4.4
= 56.48 m2 > 50.28 m2
20MVA transf fdn Page 12

TRFRFDN 20 MVA Runnisaidpur

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CLIENT POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED SHYAMA POWER (I) LTD

Design of Transformer Foundation

Equipment Type : 20 MVA(3 Phase)

Base Shear, Vb = Ah x W 7627.50 Kgs

Cohesion, C 34.34 KN/m2 =3.5*9.81

20MVA Transf fdn Page 1

1. Design of Transformer main Block

Size of transformer mass block 2.35 m x 3.15 m

500 2350 500

Horizontal Force due to Wind, 40.29 KN =1.52 x 5.9 x 4.5

Horiz. Force due to Seismic Load, 74.83 KN =7627.5 x 9.81/1000

Design Loads at Plinth Level

20MVA Transf fdn Page 2

20MVA Transf fdn Page 3

Check for Bearing pressure

Area of fdn 13.90 m2 = 4.15 x 3.35

SBC at toe level 85.84 KN/m2 = ( 68.67 x 1.25 )

F.O.S. against Overturning 4.31 > 2.2 Hence O.K.

Check against sliding

Maximum horizontal shear 74.83 KN

REINFORCEMENT FOR BLOCK FOUNDATION ABOVE PAD

For Block Foundation, reinforcement of 25Kg/m3 is provided.

20MVA Transf fdn Page 4

Vertical Reinforcement 12@100 c/c

Horizontal Reinforcement 10 @100 C/C

Length of bars 227.64 m

Total Weight of bars 377.49 kg

Reinforcement required at pedestal base

Net upward pressure at the base 75.55 KN/m2 = 83.05 - 0.3x 25

Area of Steel, Ast = Mu/(0.87fy(d-0.416xu), where xu/d=1.202+-(1.4446-6.67735Mu/fckbd2))^1/2

Provide 10 f bars @ 200 mm c/c at bottom

20MVA Transf fdn Page 5

Shipping wt of transformer = 50850 kg

Case I : When wheels run on two parallel tracks

350 1743 350

Final load combination for single wall

Minimum reinforcement required 0.2 % of gross area

Provide 12 f bars @ 125 mm c/c as Vert. & Horiz.Reinf.

Design of base pad

20MVA Transf fdn Page 6

Maximum bearing pressure developed = 20.89 KN/m2 = 140.9/2.443 - 36.79

Net bearing pressure 15.89 KN/m2 = 20.89 - 0.2 x 25

Moment at middle of slab 6.03 KN-m/m = 15.89 x 1.743^2 / 8

Design moment, Mu 13.27 KN-m/m = 2.2 x 6.03

Area of Steel, Ast = Mu/(0.87fy(d-0.416xu), where xu/d=1.202+-(1.4446-6.67735Mu/fckbd2))1/2

Provide 10 f bars @ 250 mm c/c both ways at top and bottom

Check for punching against one wall

Punching perimeter 12.686 m = 2 x 6.343

20MVA Transf fdn Page 7

3. Design of transformer pit wall

Earth Pressure at rest Water pressure

20MVA Transf fdn Page 7

Check against sliding

Maximum horizontal shear 19.89 KN/m =19.62x0.75+13.8x0.75/2

Design Moment, Mu 7.65 KN-m/m = 2.2 x ( 0.5 x 10.12 / 3 + 19.62/2 ) x 0.55^2

20MVA Transf fdn Page 8

Wt of soil outside the pit,w1 4.05 KN/m

Design moment, Mu 6.87 KN-m/m = 2.2 x 39.01 x 0.4 ^2 / 2

20MVA Transf fdn Page 9

20MVA Transf fdn Page 10

4. Calculation for Pulling Block

Transformer load 50850 kg

300 1000 300