Anesthesia Units

December 2005
Product Comparison
Anesthesia Units
UMDNS information
This Product Comparison covers the following device term and product code as listed in ECRIs Universal Medical Device
Nomenclature System (UMDNS):
9 Anesthesia Units [10-134]
Table of Contents
Scope of this Product Comparison ...............................................................................................................................3
Purpose..........................................................................................................................................................................3
Principles of operation..................................................................................................................................................3
Gas supply and control ............................................................................................................................................4
Vaporizers ................................................................................................................................................................4
Ventilation................................................................................................................................................................5
Breathing circuits ....................................................................................................................................................6
Scavenging system...................................................................................................................................................7
Monitors and alarms................................................................................................................................................7
Automated anesthesia record keepers/anesthesia information management systems ........................................8
Reported problems........................................................................................................................................................9
Purchase considerations.............................................................................................................................................11
ECRI recommendations.........................................................................................................................................11
Other considerations..............................................................................................................................................12
Cost containment ...................................................................................................................................................13
Stage of development..................................................................................................................................................14
Bibliography................................................................................................................................................................14
Standards and guidelines...........................................................................................................................................15
Anesthesia breathing circuits................................................................................................................................15
Anesthesia equipment ...........................................................................................................................................15
Anesthesia unit vaporizers....................................................................................................................................17
Anesthesia ventilators ...........................................................................................................................................17
Anesthetic reservoir bags ......................................................................................................................................18
Medical gas piping .................................................................................................................................................18
Scavenging systems ...............................................................................................................................................18
Citations from other ECRI publications ....................................................................................................................19
Supplier information ..................................................................................................................................................21
About the chart specifications....................................................................................................................................27
Product Comparison Chart ........................................................................................................................................30
Anesthesia Units
Policy Statement
The Healthcare Product Comparison System (HPCS) is published by ECRI, a nonprofit health
services research agency established in 1955. HPCS provides comprehensive information to help
healthcare professionals select and purchase diagnostic and therapeutic capital equipment more
effectively in support of improved patient care.
The information in Product Comparisons comes from a number of sources: medical and biomedical
engineering literature, correspondence and discussion with manufacturers and distributors,
specifications from product literature, and ECRIs Problem Reporting System. While these data are
reviewed by qualified health professionals, they have not been tested by ECRIs clinical and
engineering personnel and are largely unconfirmed. The Healthcare Product Comparison System and
ECRI are not responsible for the quality or validity of information derived from outside sources or for
any adverse consequences of acting on such information.
The appearance or listing of any item, or the use of a photograph thereof, in the Healthcare
Product Comparison System does not constitute the endorsement or approval of the products
quality, performance, or value, or of claims made for it by the manufacturer. The information and
photographs published in Product Comparisons appear at no charge to manufacturers.
Many of the words or model descriptions appearing in the Healthcare Product Comparison System
are proprietary names (e.g., trademarks), even though no reference to this fact may be made. The
appearance of any name without designation as proprietary should not be regarded as a
representation that is not the subject of proprietary rights.
ECRI respects and is impartial to all ethical medical device companies and practices. The
Healthcare Product Comparison System accepts no advertising and has no obligations to any
commercial interests. ECRI and its employees accept no royalties, gifts, finders fees, or commissions
from the medical device industry, nor do they own stock in medical device companies. Employees
engage in no private consulting work for the medical device industry.
About ECRI
ECRI (formerly the Emergency Care Research Institute) is a nonprofit health services research
agency. Its mission is to improve the safety, quality, and cost-effectiveness of healthcare. It is widely
recognized as one of the worlds leading independent organizations committed to advancing the
quality of healthcare.
ECRIs focus is healthcare technology, healthcare risk and quality management, and healthcare
environmental management. It provides information services and technical assistance to more than
5,000 hospitals, healthcare organizations, ministries of health, government and planning agencies,
voluntary sector organizations, associations, and accrediting agencies worldwide. Its more than 30
databases, publications, information services, and technical assistance services set the standard for
the healthcare community.
ECRIs services alert readers to technology-related hazards; disseminate the results of medical
product evaluations and technology assessments; provide expert advice on technology acquisitions,
staffing, and management; report on hazardous materials management policy and practices; and
supply authoritative information on risk control in healthcare facilities and clinical practice
guidelines and standards.
ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

2
Anesthesia Units
December 2005
Anesthesia Units
Scope of this Product Comparison
This Product Comparison covers anesthesia systems that can have the following components:
mainframes, hanger yokes and gauges, flowmeters, vaporizers, flush valves, carbon dioxide (CO2)
absorbers, ventilators, scavenging systems, monitors, and alarms. Not included are separate
analyzers designed to measure concentrations of halogenated anesthetics and gases supplied to the
unit or to detect levels present in the operating room; also not included are separate stand-alone
physiologic monitoring systems. For information on these devices, see the following Product
Comparisons:
Halogenated Anesthetics Analyzers
Multiple Medical Gas Monitors, Respired/Anesthetic
Oxygen Monitors
Physiologic Monitoring Systems, Acute Care; Neonatal; ECG Monitors
Pressure Monitors, Airway
These units are also called: anesthesia
machines.
Purpose
Anesthesia units dispense a mixture of gases
and vapors and vary the proportions to control a
patients level of consciousness and/or analgesia
during surgical procedures. Basically, anesthesia
units perform the following four functions:
Provide oxygen (O2) to the patient
Blend gas mixtures, in addition to O2,
that can include an anesthetic vapor,
nitrous oxide (N2O), other medical
gases, and air
Facilitate spontaneous, controlled, or
assisted ventilation with these gas
mixtures
Reduce, if not eliminate, anesthesia-
related risks to the patient and
clinical staff
The patient is anesthetized by inspiring a
mixture of O2, the vapor of a volatile liquid
halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetic, and, if
necessary, N2O and other gases. Because normal
breathing is routinely depressed by anesthetic
agents and by muscle relaxants administered in
conjunction with them, respiratory assistanceeither with an automatic ventilator or by manual
compression of the reservoir bagis usually necessary to deliver the breathing gas to the patient.
Principles of operation
An anesthesia system comprises four basic subsystems: a gas supply and control circuit, a
breathing and ventilation circuit, a scavenging system, and a set of system function and breathing
circuit monitors (e.g., inspired O2 concentration, airway pressure). Also included in some anesthesia
systems are a number of monitors and alarms that indicate levels and variations of several

3
Anesthesia Units
physiologic variables and parameters associated with cardiopulmonary function and/or gas and
agent concentrations in breathed-gas mixtures. Manufacturers typically offer a minimum
combination of monitors, alarms, and other features that customers must purchase to meet
standards and ensure patient safety. To meet the minimum standard of care in the United States,
the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) states that anesthesia systems must continually
monitor the patients oxygenation, ventilation, circulation, expired CO2 levels, and temperature.
Integrated or stand-alone monitors may be used.
Gas supply and control
Because O2 and N2O are used in large quantities, they are

usually drawn from the hospitals central gas supplies. In
some countries, cylinders containing compressed O2, N2O, and
sometimes other gases are mounted on yokes attached to the
anesthesia machine and can serve as an emergency gas supply
in case central supplies fail. Cylinder connections generally
include indexing systems (e.g., specific patern of pins), which
are intended to prevent accidental mounting of a gas cylinder
on the incorrect yoke. Each gas entering the system from a
cylinder flows through a filter, a one-way check valve, and a
regulator that lowers the pressure to approximately 45 pounds
per square inch (psi). There is no need for a separate regulator
when the central gas supply is used because the pressure is
already at about 50 psi.
Most anesthesia machines have an O2-supply-failure device
and an alarm that protect the patient from inadequate O2
supply. If the O2 supply pressure drops below about 25 to 30
psi, the unit decreases or shuts off the flow of the other gases
and activates an alarm.
The flow of each gas in a continuous-flow unit is controlled
by a valve and indicated by a flowmeter. The flowmeter can be
a purely mechanical arrangement, with a flow tube in which a
bobbin moves up and down depending on the flow, or it can be
an electronic sensor with an LCD (liquid crystal display). After
the gases pass through the control valve and flowmeter, enter
the low-pressure system, and, if required, pass through a
vaporizer, they are administered to the patient. The N2O and O2 flow controls are interlocked so that
the proportion of O2 to N2O can never fall below a minimum value (generally 0.25) to produce a
hypoxic breathing mixture. An O2 monitor that is located on the inspiratory side of the breathing
circuit analyzes gas sampled from the Y-piece of the patients breathing circuit and displays O2
concentration in volume percent. O2 monitors should sound an alarm if the O2 concentration falls
below the preset limit.
If the flow of anesthetic gases to the patient must be interrupted for any reason, an O2 flush valve
can be activated to provide a large flow of central-source O2 to purge the breathing circuit of
anesthetic vapors. The O2-flush flow bypasses the flowmeters and vaporizers. In some units, the
anesthetic gas flow momentarily shuts off.
Vaporizers
Because the inhaled anesthetic agents, with the exception of N2O, exist as liquids at room
temperature and sea-level ambient pressure, they must be evaporated by a vaporizer. Vaporizers
add a controlled amount of anesthetic vapor to the gas mixture. Some anesthesia units can
accommodate up to three vaporizers. Most units have a lockout mechanism that prevents the use of
more than one vaporizer at a time. There are several types of vaporizers, including variable bypass

4
Anesthesia Units
Gas/Vapor Blending System Fresh Gas Flow Patient

Reserve
Cylinders
Breathing
Gas Control Circuit
Vaporizer
and
Gas Supply Flowmeters
Selector Valve
O2 Flush Valve APL
Valve
N2O Shutoff/Low O2 Pressure Alarm
Gas Pipelines Reservoir
C866UN7A-01
Ventilator Bag
Scavenging
To Atmosphere System
Figure 1. Continuous-flow anesthesia system
(conventional), heated blender, measured flow, and draw-over. Variable bypass vaporizers can be
either mechanically or electronically controlled.
Variable bypass and heated blender vaporizers are concentration calibrated and thus can deliver a
preselected concentration of vapor under varying conditions. In a variable bypass vaporizer, such as
one used for enflurane, isoflurane, halothane, or sevoflurane, a shunt valve divides the gas mixture
entering the vaporizer into two streams; the larger stream passes directly to the outlet of the
vaporizer, while the smaller stream is diverted through an internal chamber in which vapor fills the
space over the relatively volatile liquid anesthetic. The vapor mixes with the gas of the smaller
stream, which then rejoins the larger stream as it exits the vaporizer. In a mechanically-controlled
variable-bypass vaporizer, a bimetallic thermal sensor that regulates the shunt valve to divert more
or less gas through the chamber compensates for temperature changes that affect the equilibrium
vapor pressure above the liquid. Each variable bypass vaporizer is specifically designed and
calibrated for a particular liquid anesthetic.
The heated blender vaporizer was introduced for use with the anesthetic agent desflurane. In this
type of vaporizer, desflurane is heated in a sump chamber. A stream of vapor under pressure flows
out of the sump and blends with the background gas stream flowing through the vaporizer.
Desflurane concentration is controlled by an adjustable, feedback-controlled metering valve in the
vapor stream.
Measured-flow vaporizers (also known as copper kettle or flowmeter-controlled) are not
concentration calibrated; in this type of vaporizer, a measured flow of carrier gas is used to pick up
anesthetic gas. This type of vaporizer has become almost obsolete in the United States since the
adoption of an ASTM International standard that requires all vaporizers to be concentration
calibrated; it may still be in use outside the United States.
Draw-over vaporizers are sometimes used by the military in the field, but they are not typically
used in the United States. They are usually employed in situations or countries in which pressurized
gas sources are unavailable. Such units offer low resistance to gas flow and are relatively simple.
A few anesthesia units now have a liquid-injector type of vaporizer. This vaporizer is electronically
controlled and injects the liquid anesthetic agent directly into the stream of gases.
Ventilation
Manual ventilation, which requires that an operator manually squeeze the reservoir bag for each
patient breath, can be tiring during long procedures and can compete with other tasks; therefore, an
automatic ventilator is generally used to mechanically deliver breaths to the patient. These
ventilators use a bellows or piston in place of the manually-compressed reservoir bag. The ventilator
5
Anesthesia Units
forces the anesthesia gas mixture into the patients breathing circuit and lungs and, in a circle
breathing system (discussed below), receives exhaled breath from the patient as well as fresh gas.
The anesthetist can vary the volume of a single breath (tidal volume) and the ventilation rate, either
directly by setting them on the ventilator or indirectly by adjusting parameters such as the duration
of inspiration, the inspiratory flow, and the ratio of inspiratory to expiratory time. The ventilatory
pattern is adjusted to the varying needs of the patient.
Minute ventilation, the total volume inspired or expired during one minute, can be evaluated as
the product of the expired tidal volume and the ventilation rate. It requires careful monitoring, not
only because it is physiologically important to the patient, but also because it can indicate
malfunctions of the ventilation delivery system (e.g., leaks in the breathing circuit). The expired
tidal volume can be measured with a flowmeter, with a spirometer, or with a sensor placed in the
expiratory circuit. Most ventilators are capable of providing controlled ventilation and can maintain
a positive airway pressure during the expiratory phase of the breath (positive end-expiratory
pressure [PEEP]). Many ventilators can be equipped with modes that permit spontaneous breathing
during mechanical ventilation.
Breathing circuits
Fresh Gas Flow
Circle Breathing Most anesthesia systems are continuous-flow

One-Way Valve
System systems (see Fig. 1), which provide a continuous
supply of O2 and anesthetic gases. There are two
CO2 Absorber
basic types of breathing circuits used in these
systems: the circle system and the T-piece system
(see Fig. 2), each of which can assume various
configurations. (A common configuration of the T-
piece system is the Bain modification of the
One-Way Valve
Mapleson D system.) A higher proportion of
anesthetic gases is rebreathed in the circle
To Mechanical Ventilation
and the Scavenging System system, which uses check valves to force gas to
flow in a loop and returns expired gases (minus
Idealization of T-Piece the CO2), plus fresh gas, to the patient. In the T-
System piece circuit, most of the exhaled gas is vented out
Fresh Gas Flow of the system, and the portion rebreathed depends
on the fresh-gas flow rate.
To Mechanical Ventilation In the circle system, fresh gas from the
C866UN7A-02
and the Scavenging System

anesthesia machine enters the inspiratory limb of
the breathing circuit and mixes with gas in the
system before the resulting mixture flows through
Figure 2. Examples of breathing circuits
a one-way valve to the patient. Expired gas flows
from the patient through a second (expiratory)
limb of the circuit, passing another one-way valve, into either a reservoir bag or a ventilator. When
positive pressure is generated in the system, either by a manual squeeze of the reservoir bag or by
compression of the bellows or piston by a mechanical ventilator, collected gas that does not escape
via an adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valve to the scavenging system is driven through a CO2
absorption canister where CO2 is removed from the gas before it is returned to the patient. In circle
breathing systems, a fresh-gas flow of 1 L/min or less is typically considered low-flow anesthesia (4 to
10 L/min is typically considered the usual fresh-gas flow rate). A fresh-gas flow of 0.5 L/min is
generally considered minimal-flow anesthesia. In situations in which the cost of anesthetic agents is
high, low-flow anesthesia may be the preferred option.
Machines with a T-piece design have corrugated tubing in which fresh gas and some expired gas
mix before entering the patient at each inhalation. Partial rebreathing is controlled by the supply
rate of fresh gas, and the exhaled anesthetic mixture leaves the circuit through an APL valve.
Elimination of rebreathed CO2 depends on fresh-gas flow and occurs in direct proportion to that flow.

6
Anesthesia Units
This system, although adaptable to a variety of anesthetic procedures, is used most often in
pediatric anesthesia.
Circle systems offer advantages over T-piece systems in that they conserve a greater proportion of
the anesthetic gases and conserve body heat and moisture from the patient. The advantages of T-
piece systems include a lower circuit compliance, easier circuit sterilization, and a less complex
design requiring fewer valves and no CO2 absorber (although one can be used with it).
Because excess pressure imposed on the patients lungs can cause serious lung damage, either an
APL valve or a valve in the ventilator allows excess gas to escape when a preset pressure is
exceeded. There are two types of APL valves: spring-loaded and needle valves. The spring tension in
spring-loaded APL valves can be adjusted to control the pressure at which the valve will open. At
lower pressures, the valve is closed. The pressure in the breathing system maintained by the needle
valve depends on the flow through the valve. Therefore, when the valve is not fully closed, gas will
always leak from the system. The minimum exhaust pressure required to refill a ventilator bellows
is usually 1 to 2 cm H2O; for maximum pressure, both types of valve are fully closed. Because many
APL valves do not have calibrated markings, the anesthetist must adjust them empirically to give a
desired peak inspired pressure. Circle systems and T-piece systems also include a pressure gauge for
monitoring circuit pressure and setting the APL valve. An electronically controlled, settable, and
calibrated APL valve is available on some anesthesia machines.
Scavenging system
A scavenging system captures and exhausts waste gases to minimize the exposure of the
operating room staff to harmful anesthetic agents. Scavenging systems remove gas by a vacuum, a
passive exhaust system, or both. Vacuum scavengers use the suction from an operating room vacuum
wall outlet or a dedicated vacuum system. To prevent positive or negative pressure in the vacuum
system from affecting the pressure in the patient circuit, manifold-type vacuum scavengers use one
or more positive or negative pressure-relief valves in an interface with the anesthesia system. In
contrast, open-type vacuum scavengers have vacuum ports that are open to the atmosphere through
some type of reservoir; such units do not require valves for pressure relief.
Passive-exhaust scavengers can vent into a hospital ventilation system (if the system is the
nonrecirculating type) or, preferably, into a dedicated exhaust system. The slight pressure of the
waste-gas discharge from the anesthesia machine forces gas through large-bore tubing and into the
disposal system or directly into the atmosphere.
Monitors and alarms
Anesthesia systems incorporate a set of equipment-related monitors, including those for airway
pressure, expiratory volume, and inspired O2 concentration. They can also include exhaled gas
monitors, such as those for CO2 concentration, N2O concentration, and agent concentration, or
physiologic monitors such as those for blood O2 saturation by pulse oximetry, electrocardiogram,
invasive and noninvasive blood pressure, and temperature.
Anesthesia systems are typically configured with respect to their monitors in one of two ways: as
modular systems or as preconfigured systems. In the modular approach, an anesthesia machine with
a basic set of equipment monitors (usually airway pressure, inspired O2 concentration, and expired
volume) is used as a physical platform for the system. Additional physiologic monitors, individually
or in a monitoring system (with its own display and alarms), along with other devices as needed, are
obtained separately and added to the system. The preconfigured approach involves a more
completely integrated, manufacturer-assembled system that already includes all physiologic and
equipment monitors and displays in a turnkey unit.
Some units may have methods of integrating, analyzing, displaying, and recording the
information generated by the monitors sensors and alarms. Microprocessors have been incorporated
into the systems to implement these functions. Stand-alone microprocessor-controlled data collection
and display units have been used to integrate modular anesthesia systems. These units can also be

7
Anesthesia Units
used as part of an anesthesia information management system (AIMS).

Integration of the information and alarms from each of the monitors into a single display has
become very important. An integrated display gives the anesthetist a single point of reference for a
wide variety of equipment and physiologic information. Anesthesia machines that lack integrated
alarms can sometimes cause confusion among anesthetists and operating room teams by sounding
numerous alarms simultaneously. In an integrated system of information and alarms, visual alarm
messages appear on a central display; furthermore, audible and visual alarms are prioritized so that
the more urgent alarm sounds and visual signals are associated with the more vital monitored
variables.
An anesthesia workstation is designed to centralize system control and to integrate the display of
information. This involves continuous acquisition, recording, and presentation on a central display of
selected monitored physiologic and equipment variables (in real time or using historical trends)
along with limit settings and the status of all alarms, plus explanatory messages.
Several models exist to predict the level of wakefulness in anesthetized patients, such as the
Ramsay Scale and the Modified Observers Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale. However, in lieu
of a direct method of monitoring brain activity during surgery, users may rely on indirect means of
assessing consciousness, such as blood pressure and vital signs. According to proponents, one
indirect method, level-of-consciousness monitoring (e.g., Bispectral Index [BIS] or Physiometrixs
Patient State Index), measures the effectiveness of painkilling agents while ignoring the sedative
and paralytic elements that constitute a significant portion of anesthetic agents. Some anesthesia
units may incorporate this technology as an additional tool to monitor the patient. Level-of-
consciousness monitors use a metered scale (0 to 100) to indicate the degree of patient wakefulness
based on collected and processed data. A digital meter indicates the number on the scale that
corresponds to the patients degree of wakefulness, with a higher number representing a higher
degree of consciousness and awareness of sensation despite the presence of anesthetic agents. One
supplier offers an Entropy module that provides information on the central nervous system during
general anesthesia. The information is acquired based on the acquisition and processing of raw
electroencephalogram (EEG) and frontalis electromyography (FEMG) signals using a proprietary
algorithm. The Entropy module is designed to assist clinicians in delivering the appropriate amount
of anesthetic agents. ASA states that there is not enough evidence to warrant mandatory use of
these technologies for patients under general anesthesia. However, ASA stated it may be useful for
at-risk patients to be monitored for intraoperative awareness. For additional information, visit ASAs
Website at http://www.asahq.org/publicationsAndServices/AwareAdvisoryFinalOct05.pdf.
Automated anesthesia record keepers/anesthesia information management systems
Automated anesthesia record keepers (AARKs) are available either as an option on some
anesthesia units or from third-party suppliers. They are used for collecting data from electronic
ventilation and monitoring equipment that has appropriate outputs. Vital signs such as blood
pressure, heart rate, end-tidal CO2, and oximeter values are recorded at specific intervals and
plotted in graph form. Drug dosages, lab data, intraoperative events, and gas delivery rates are
entered into the system either manually or by some semiautomated means; comments can also be
entered directly onto the record. An AARK produces a formatted hard copy of the anesthesia record
for the patients files. Gathering and storing such data can expedite individual patient management
and billing, quality assurance, critical incident analysis, and teaching. However, automated record
keeping has not achieved wide acceptance, in part because of many clinicians concerns about
misleading artifacts being entered into the record, hospital personnels resistance to change, and the
cost of implementing an automated record keeper.
An AIMS can receive, analyze, store, and distribute information relating to the clinical and
administrative management of anesthesia. Information can be collected from numerous sources
associated both directly with anesthesia administration (e.g., an AARK system) and indirectly with
the surgical procedure (e.g., preoperative evaluation, laboratory, and pharmacy records). Long-term
storage capabilities aid in quality assurance and anesthesiology research. Some systems may also

8
Anesthesia Units
incorporate administrative management tools such as room scheduling and patient billing. (For
further information, see the Product Comparison titled DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, ANESTHESIA.)
Reported problems
Problems have been reported in all areas of anesthesia systems. Because patients under general
anesthesia depend entirely on others for life support, errors caused by machine failure, faulty
adjustments, or the operator can be critical. Pre-use checklists, regular inspections, and preventive
maintenance are critical to minimizing anesthesia unit hazards.
One of the greatest dangers of general anesthesia is a lack of O2 delivered to the patient (hypoxia),
which can result in brain damage or death. Conversely, the administration of O2 in a concentration
of 100%, even for a short duration, may be toxic. Inhalation of 100% O2 may cause resorption
atelectasis. The danger of inhaling 100% O2 is particularly acute in neonatal anesthesia, during
which retrolental fibroplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia can be caused by inhalation of 100%
O2 even for a very short duration. Inadequate O2 delivery can be caused by any number of conditions,
including disconnection of the patient from the breathing circuit; accidental movement of the O2,
N2O, or other gas flow control setting knobs; changes in the patients lung compliance; and gas leaks.
One common safety measure is the inclusion of an O2 monitor and a CO2 monitor or an expired
volume alarm (in an anesthesia unit with an ascending bellows or piston) in the anesthesia system.
An O2 monitor warns of inadequate O2 concentration in the inspiratory limb. A CO2 monitor or a
spirometer alarm (in an anesthesia unit with an ascending bellows) in the breathing circuit can alert
the anesthetist to inadequate ventilation such as that caused by a disconnection.
ECRI has investigated incidents of patient exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) during the
administration of inhaled anesthetics through semiclosed circle anesthesia systems. Once in the
blood, CO binds tightly with hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin and diminishing the ability of
hemoglobin to transport and release O2. A reaction between halogenated anesthetic agents and
commonly used CO2 absorbents can produce CO if the CO2 absorbent is excessively dry. Drying out
can occur when (1) an anesthesia machine has been idle (e.g., over a weekend), and (2) there is a
continuous flow of medical gas (which is very dry) through the CO2 absorber. When dry, the
absorbent becomes highly reactive in the presence of certain halogenated agents, resulting in the
production of CO as the agent flows through the machines CO2 absorber. ECRI recommends that the
absorbent material in both canisters of an absorber be replaced whenever there is reason to believe
that a machine has been left idle with gas flowing for an undetermined time. Fresh absorbent
materials are sufficiently hydrated and normally remain hydrated by exhaled water vapor in the
circle system, thereby preventing reaction with halogenated agents. For more information, please see
the Health Devices citation in this report.
Some anesthesia system malfunctions can cause delivery of gas with excessive CO2 concentration,
an inadequate or excessive amount of anesthetic agent, or dangerously high pressure.
Hypoventilation, compromised cardiac output, air in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax), and
asphyxiation are possible consequences of such problems.
Improperly calibrated vaporizers can result in the delivery of the wrong concentration of
anesthetic agent to the patient. Removing some vaporizers from the anesthesia machine and
transporting them can disturb their calibration and could eventually cause delivery of too much or
too little anesthetic. However, many tip-proof vaporizers have been released to reduce calibration
errors. The output of an anesthesia vaporizer should be tested each time the vaporizer is removed
from a system and each time it is returned to service. Each vaporizer should be inspected and the
calibration verified at least twice a year.
Contamination of any part of the anesthesia breathing circuit, including the breathing tubes, Y-
connector, face mask, and reservoir bag, may lead to nosocomial infections. Reported cases include
infections of the upper respiratory tract or the lungs and, in one instance in Australia, transmission
of hepatitis C. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Association
of Nurse Anesthetists recommend single use of disposables or high-level disinfection of reusables or
disposables between patients to prevent cross-contamination. There has been some controversy
9
Anesthesia Units
concerning the use of disposable bacteria filters to prevent patient cross-infections (Berry and Nolte
1991, Brooks et al. 1991, Dorsch and Dorsch 1998, Hogarth 1996, Komesaroff 1996, Snowdon 1994).
CDC has not made a definitive recommendation concerning the use of bacterial filters with
anesthesia machines. Possible hazards, such as the increased impedance to gas flows and obstruction
of the circuit, are associated with these filters. Also, because many viruses are difficult to culture,
the efficacy of viral filters that attempt to reduce viral contamination of breathing systems is not
established. Frequent replacement of disposable filters can prevent inadequate gas delivery due to
clogging and some filters can be sterilized and reused.
The piping connections for O2 and N2O within the hospital walls can be accidentally interchanged
during installation or repair of medical gas systems, potentially for causing patient injury or death.
After any such work, careful inspection and testing with an O2 analyzer are vital. Gas lines should
also be checked for liquid, gaseous, solid particulate, and microorganism contamination after
installation or repair and periodically thereafter.
In the United States, a diameter index safety system (DISS) is used to prevent the connection of
gas hoses from the machine to the wrong wall outlet, and a pin index safety system is used to
prevent the connection of the wrong cylinders to the yokes in the anesthesia machine. The pin index
safety system employs pins protruding from the yoke that correspond to holes in a specific type of
gas cylinder post. Only a cylinder post with the corresponding holes can fit properly onto the yoke.
Countries outside the United States have similar requirements to ensure the proper connection of all
medical gas hoses to the anesthesia machine. ECRI has seen instances of improper connections in
which damaged pins allowed users to force the wrong cylinder into place. ECRI recommends that
damaged indexing components should never be used.
Faulty or inoperative scavenging systems are responsible for most anesthetic gas pollution in the
operating room; other causes include improper anesthesia administration technique and leaks in
anesthesia equipment. Common sources of leaks include hose connectors, the CO2 absorber, the APL
valve, and the endotracheal tube or mask. Current scientific and epidemiologic studies have shown
that exposure to trace levels of anesthetic gases continually present in the operating room can cause
adverse health effects in operating room personnel, such as an increased incidence of spontaneous
abortion and congenital anomalies in offspring. In addition, trace gas levels in the air may have a
slight anesthetizing effect on the anesthetist and surgeon.
The increased interest in low-flow anesthesia to reduce costs has increased the potential danger
associated with leaks in the anesthesia unit. Because low-flow anesthesia requires very little fresh
gas flow, a leak in the equipment can result in inadequate delivery of O2 and anesthetic gases.
Regular testing of the anesthesia equipment using standard leak tests should minimize the risk of
leaks during the administration of anesthesia.
Inadequate evacuation of some scavenging systems can cause pressure to build up in the
breathing circuit, with the potential for pneumothorax.
Another common problem is circuit obstruction due to the presence of a foreign object (e.g., needle
caps) or a manufacturing defect. This problem occurs most often when a pre-use check is omitted.
As mentioned previously, anesthesia units that lack integrated monitors and alarms can cause
confusion by sounding numerous alarms simultaneously. While integrated monitors and alarms are
becoming more widespread, both modular and integrated systems are subject to the confusion caused
by false alarms. A false alarm, caused by accidental patient movement or other nonphysiological
reasons, can confuse operating room staff and possibly draw attention away from other alarms that
may truly indicate a change in the patients physiologic condition. Ensuring that the alarm limits are
properly set and positioning sensors and electrodes in such a way as to minimize artifacts can reduce
the incidence of false alarms. Also, ECRI recommends that users do not set physiologic alarm limits
below normal values in order to reduce nuisance alarms.
The magnetic fields created by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment may interfere with
the function of conventional anesthesia units and electronic monitoring equipment when used in
proximity to such equipment. Conversely, magnetic materials and electronic monitors may interfere
with MRI scanner function and degrade image quality. Also, anesthesia machines are designed to be

10
Anesthesia Units
compatible with MRI units when used in accordance with the instructions and precautions contained
in the operation manual and on the unit itself. If the instructions are not followed, the anesthesia
units could be attracted to MRI units, potentially causing user or patient injury. Many MRI-
compatible anesthesia machines have restrictions or limitations to their use in the MRI
environment. If they are not used in accordance with these restrictions/limitations, MRI-compatible
devices can pose the same types of hazards in the MRI environment as devices that are not MRI
compatible. For instance, if some MRI-compatible devices are positioned closer to the MRI unit than
is specified by the device supplier, they can become airborne and crash into the magnet. Also, some
MRI-compatible devices that come into physical contact with a patient, if used inappropriately, can
cause burns (or the sensation of heat) to a patient. The hazards posed by the inappropriate use of
MRI-compatible devices in the MRI environment can cause injury to the patient or staff and/or
damage to equipment (e.g., the MRI-compatible device or the MRI unit itself). A few suppliers offer
MRI-compatible anesthesia machines, and a line of MRI-compatible monitors is available.
Users should be careful not to hang any extraneous materials (e.g., polyethylene garbage bags) or
equipment from anesthesia units. If accidentally bumped, the hanging objects may compromise the
anesthesia units stability and be sucked into the receiving end of the anesthesia unit. This could
cause the full negative pressure to be transmitted to the patient breathing system, collapsing the
reservoir bag.
Purchase considerations
ECRI recommendations
Included in the accompanying comparison chart are ECRIs recommendations for minimum
performance requirements for anesthesia units. The recommendations are listed in two categories:
basic and high performance.
ECRI considers certain minimum safety measures necessary for all anesthesia units. Among these
measures are O2 fail-safe and hypoxic mixture fail-safe systems, gas cylinder yokes for O2 in case
central supplies fail, and an internal battery (for units with automatic ventilators) capable of
powering the unit for at least 30 minutes.
An anesthesia unit should consist of a gas supply and control circuit, a breathing and ventilation
circuit, and a scavenging system (not required on basic systems). The unit must be able to measure
O2 concentration, airway pressure, and either the volume of expired gas or the concentration of
expired CO2 (ETCO2). (Note: ASA recommends monitoring of ETCO2 in all intubated patients; this
can be accomplished by the anesthesia unit or by a separate device [e.g., capnograph, multigas
monitor].)
Gas cylinders should be attached through hanger yokes with the proper pin index safety system
and check valves. Each pipeline gas cylinder supply should have a pressure gauge with scale
numbers large enough to be easily read. Gas hoses and machine receptacles should use DISS fittings
to prevent misconnection.
It is advantageous if the anesthesia unit accepts medical-air input to allow delivery of either air
and/or N2O as the gas carrier. In the event of a partial or complete loss of O2 supply, an undefeatable
audible alarm should activate and the flow of N2O gases should automatically shut off or decrease
proportionately to the flow of O2 to prevent a hypoxic condition. Also, flows and the mixture ratios
determined from flowmeter settings should be accurate to within 10% of set values. Anesthetic vapor
concentration delivered to the common gas outlet should be accurate to within 0.2% vapor
concentration of agent or 10% of the set value (whichever is greater) at any gas flow. It is preferable
that ventilation rate and PEEP values be monitored. It should not be possible to silence or disable a
ventilator monitor alarm for longer than two minutes.
Line-powered units should have a power-loss alarm and battery-powered units should have an
automatic low-battery alarm. All line-powered units should include a backup battery to guard
against power loss. The anesthesia unit should automatically switch to the internal battery if line
power is interrupted; also, the loss of line power should be accompanied by an alarm. The battery
11
Anesthesia Units
should also operate the anesthesia unit and integral monitors for at least 30 minutes. A low-battery
alarm should visually and audibly indicate when the battery voltage falls to a level below which the
unit may fail to perform satisfactorily. If the battery is rechargeable, it should not require more than
16 hours to recharge after depletion.
High-performance systems are distinguished largely by their ability to serve a wide range of
patients and to operate with little or no supplemental equipment. Features that make this possible
include ventilator modes and tidal volume ranges suitable for neonates and adults, as well as
integrated gas and sometimes physiologic monitoring. High-perfomance units generally include more
automated features, including storage of trends and self-tests at the beginning of each procedure.
Basic systems include only the most vital monitoring capabilities (i.e., O2 and CO2 volumes or
pressures) and have only one or two automatic ventilator modes. When equipped with appropriate
stand-alone monitors, these units are adequate for treatment of most patients but may remain ill-
suited for use on neonates and very sick patients, as well as for monitoring-intensive procedures
(e.g., certain types of cardiac surgery). These fundamental systems may also include units designed
for military or field use, which often lack ventilators and pipeline gas inlets.
Other considerations
Some anesthesia units require stand-alone physiologic monitors (modular approach) and/or
anesthetic agent monitors, while others have integrated monitors (preconfigured approach). The
advantages of preconfigured monitoring include convenience and electronically integrated displays
and prioritized alarms. Modular systems can be less expensive than preconfigured systems,
especially if the facility already owns the monitors.
Hospitals can purchase customized modular systems assembled from standard components, or
they can assemble their own modular systems. These systems must meet all national and regional
safety standards. Advantages of the modular approach include flexibility in choosing and upgrading
monitors and ease of service; drawbacks include assembling a system that may not be successfully
integrated and thus has multiple alarms and/or multiple displays.
Anesthesia units and patient monitoring systems should be carefully chosen to ensure that all the
essential monitoring functions recommended by the American Society of Anesthesiologists are
obtained and to ensure optimal integration and an adequate standard of care. For legal reasons, the
level-of-monitoring and anesthesia-delivery capabilities for each anesthesia station should be
uniform so that all patients receive the same standard of care for the same surgical procedures.
Integrated anesthesia workstations, along with the gas/vapor dispensing subsystem and
individual physiologic and equipment monitors, may also include a device for automatically
dispensing injectable drugs. Consequently, the anesthesia workstation can be viewed as an
integrated monitoring system that dispenses anesthetic drugs.
Hospitals should also consider the standardization of anesthesia equipment; that is, purchasing
systems that are compatible with equipment already in operating rooms or other areas of the
hospital (e.g., intensive care units). The purpose of standardization is to allow a reduced parts
inventory, minimize the number of suppliers and service personnel, and reduce confusion among the
staff.
Pulse oximetry is considered a standard of care for monitoring arterial O2 saturation in the
operating room during procedures requiring anesthesia and in intensive care units and recovery.
Pulse oximeters noninvasively measure O2 saturation of blood hemoglobin (SpO2) and, along with
O2 monitors and CO2 monitors, are increasingly being required for anesthesia units by state law.
Some U.S. states have specified their own requirements for anesthesia units. Hospitals should check
with their states department of health for any regulations that may apply to their area. Pulse
oximeters provide a spectrophotometric assessment of hemoglobin oxygenation by measuring light
transmitted through a capillary bed, synchronized with the pulse. The detection system consists of
single-wavelength LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and microprocessors located within a sensor. For
more information on pulse oximeters, see the Product Comparison titled OXIMETERS, PULSE.

12
Anesthesia Units
CO2 monitors measure end-tidal CO2 and can help identify leaks and misconnections as well as
indicate when the trachea has not been properly intubated.
Many features of anesthesia systems are optional, allowing hospitals to choose the ones that best
fit their needs. Among anesthesia units with essentially equivalent mechanical gas/vapor dispensing
subsystems, the monitors included in the system and the ways in which information is integrated
and displayed are often the primary distinguishing features.
Cost containment
Because anesthesia systems entail ongoing maintenance and operational costs, the initial
acquisition cost does not accurately reflect the total cost of ownership. The anesthetic agents are the
biggest ongoing expense associated with anesthesia units. Therefore, a purchase decision should be
based on issues such as life-cycle cost (LCC), local service support, discount rates, and non-price-
related benefits offered by the supplier.
An LCC analysis should be conducted to determine the cost-effectiveness of all the units that meet
the users needs.
Although costs associated with many of the following may be similar for a number of anesthesia
units, they should still be carefully considered to determine the total LCC for budget purposes:
Maintenance, service, and inspection
Accessories, such as monitoring equipment, necessary to comply with standards
Optional accessories
Vaporizers (some have been offered at discounted prices or at no cost upon the
introduction of a new anesthetic agent)
Gases, including O2, N2O, and anesthetic agents
Anesthesia circuits
Recording and storage of anesthesia-related data
Disposables
Utilities
When selecting a vaporizer, consider the type of anesthetic agent required for the hospitals
patient mix in conjunction with the types of procedures being performed. Users should ask the
supplier if the anesthetic gas monitor will be able to identify and measure all anesthetic agents used
(i.e., some models may not recognize sevoflurane).
Hospitals can purchase service contracts or service on a time-and-materials basis from the
supplier. Service may also be available from a third-party organization. The decision to purchase a
service contract should be carefully considered. Most suppliers should provide routine software
updates, which enhance the systems performance, at no charge to service contract customers.
Purchasing a service contract also ensures that preventive maintenance will be performed at regular
intervals, thereby eliminating the possibility of unexpected maintenance costs. Also, many suppliers
do not extend system performance and uptime guarantees beyond the length of the warranty unless
the system is covered by a service contract. Hospitals that plan to service their anesthesia units in-
house should inquire about the availability and cost of service training and the availability and cost
of replacement parts.
ECRI recommends that, to maximize bargaining leverage, hospitals negotiate pricing for service
contracts before the system is purchased. Additional service contract discounts may be negotiable for
multiple-year agreements or for service contracts that are bundled with contracts on other similar
equipment in the department or hospital. Discounts will depend on the hospitals negotiating skills
and knowledge of discounts offered to other customers, the system configuration and model to be
purchased, previous experience with the supplier, and the extent of concessions granted by the
supplier, such as extended warranties, fixed prices for annual service contracts, and guaranteed on-
site service response. Buyers should make sure that applications training and service manuals are
included in the purchase price of the system. Some suppliers offer more extensive on- or off-site
training programs for an additional cost. For customized analyses and purchase decision support,
readers should contact ECRIs SELECT Group.
13
Anesthesia Units
Stage of development
Efforts to improve the design of anesthesia units center on gas supply and proportioning systems,
breathing circuits, gas scavenging and humidification devices, gas monitors, ventilators, vaporizers,
and data-handling (display, processing, and reporting) software. There is also an effort to decrease
the overall size of anesthesia units.
Although anesthesia systems are fundamentally unchanged, manufacturers have made a handful
of improvements. Among them are:
The introduction of low-volume breathing circuits
The increasing availability of ventilation modes
Increasing automation of pre-use checks
Bibliography
Block FE Jr, Schaaf C. Auditory alarms during anesthesia monitoring with an integrated monitoring
system. Int J Clin Monit Comput 1996 May;13(2):81-4.
Bromley HR, Tuorinsky S. An uncommon leak in the anesthesia breathing circuit [letter]. Anesth
Analg 1997 Sep;85(3):707.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia.
Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. MMWR Recomm Rep 1997 Jan
3;46(RR-1):1-79.
Chant K, Kociuba K, Munro R, et al. Investigation of possible patient-to-patient transmission of
hepatitis C in a hospital. New South Wales Pub Health Bull 1994 May;5(5):47-51.
Davey A, Moyle JT, Ward CS. Wards anaesthetic equipment. 4th ed. London: WB Saunders; 1998.
Dorsch JA, Dorsch SE. Understanding anesthesia equipment. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams
& Wilkins; 1998.
Ehrenwerth J, Eisenkraft JB, eds. Anesthesia equipment: principles and applications. St. Louis:
Mosby-Year Book; 1993.
Eisenkraft JB, Leibowitz AB. Ventilators in the operating room. Int Anesthesiol Clin 1997
Winter;35(1):87-108.
Elliot B, Chestnut J. Dangers of alarms [letter]. Anaesthesia 1996 Aug;51(8):799-800.
Failure to test anesthesia machine prior to surgery and to properly monitor patient during surgery.
Med Malpract Verdict Settlements 2002 Jun;18(6):4.
Heaton J, Hall AP, Fell D. The use of filters in anaesthetic breathing systems [letter]. Anaesthesia
1998 Apr;53(4):407.
Hobbhahn J, Hoerauf K, Wiesner G, et al. Waste gas exposure during desflurane and isoflurane
anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998 Aug;42(7):864-7.
Hogarth I. Anaesthetic machine and breathing system contamination and the efficacy of
bacterial/viral filters. Anaesth Intensive Care 1996 Apr;24(2):154-63.
Holak EJ, Mei DA, Dunning MB, et al. Carbon monoxide production from sevoflurane breakdown:
modeling of exposures under clinical conditions. Anesth Analg 2003 Mar;96(3):757-64.
Jack T. A leak of concern [letter]. Br J Anaesth 1998 Jun;80(6):878-9.
Komesaroff D. Disposable and autoclavable anaesthetic circuits: the future is now. Anaesth Intensive
Care 1996 Apr;24(2):173-5.
McMahon DJ. A synopsis of current anesthesia machine design. Biomed Instrum Technol 1991 May-
Jun;25(3):190-9.

14
Anesthesia Units
Petty WC. New anesthetic requires new vaporizers for safety. J Clin Monit 1996 Nov;12(6):483.
Rogers S, Davies MW. My anaesthetic machines on fire [letter]. Anaesthesia 1997 May;52(5):505.
Sivalingam P, Hyde RA, Easy WR. An unpredictable and possibly dangerous hazard of an
anaesthetic scavenging system [letter]. Anaesthesia 1997 Jun;52(6):609-10.
Snowdon SL. Hygiene standards for breathing systems? [editorial]. Br J Anaesth 1994 Feb;72(2):143-
4.
Somprakit P, Soontranan P. Low pressure leakage in anaesthetic machines: evaluation by positive
and negative pressure tests. Anaesthesia 1996 May;51(5):461-4.
Standards and guidelines

Note: Although every effort is made to ensure that the following list is comprehensive, please note
that other applicable standards may exist.
Also, there are many state rules and regulations in the United States regarding anesthesia
machines; consult ECRIs Healthcare Standards Directory or your state department of health for
more information.
Anesthesia breathing circuits
ASTM International. Specification for particular requirements for anesthesia workstations and their
components [standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1850-
00. 1998 (revised 2000).
Specification for anesthetic breathing tubes [standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and
Respiratory Equipment. F1205-88(1999). 1988 (reapproved 1999).
Specification for minimum performance and safety requirements for components and systems of
anesthetic gas monitors [standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory
Equipment. F1452-92(1992). 1992.
Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. Protocol for checking the anaesthetic
machine. PS31. 1984 (revised 1997).
European Committee for Standardization/Danish Standards Association. Breathing tubes intended
for use with anaesthetic apparatus and ventilators [standard]. DS/EN 12342:1998. 1998.
Hong Kong College of Anaesthesiologists. Protocol for checking an anesthetic machine before use
[policy statement]. 1996.
International Organization for Standardization. Breathing tubes intended for use with anaesthetic
apparatus and ventilators [standard]. 4th ed. ISO 5367:2000. 2000.
Inhalational anaesthesia systemspart 2: anaesthetic circle breathing systems [standard]. 2nd
ed. ISO 8835-2:1999. 1993 (revised 1999).
Anesthesia equipment
American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. Infection control guide [guideline]. 1016. 1993 (revised
1997).
American National Standards Institute. Minimum performance and safety requirements for
components and systems of continuous-flow anesthesia machines for human use [standard]. ANSI
Z79.8-1979. 1979.
American Society of Anesthesiologists. Recommendations for infection control for the practice of
anesthesiology. 2nd ed. 2002.

15
Anesthesia Units
Standards for basic anesthetic monitoring. 1986 (reaffirmed 15 Oct 2003).

Association of Perioperative Registered Nurses. Recommended practices for cleaning and processing
anesthesia equipment [recommended practice]. 1977 (revised 2004).
ASTM International. Specification for particular requirements for anesthesia workstations and their
components [standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1850-
00. 1998 (revised 2000).
Specification for alarm signals in medical equipment used in anesthesia and respiratory care
[standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1463-93(1999).
1993 (revised 1999).
Specification for anesthetic equipmentoropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways [standard].

ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1573-95(2000). 1995 (revised
2000).
Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. Recommendations on checking anaesthesia
delivery systems. 1984 (revised 2003).
British Standards Institution. Anaesthetic and analgesic machines. Specification for continuous flow
anaesthetic machines [standard]. BS 4272-3:1989. 1989.
Anaesthetic and analgesic machines. Specification for intermittent (demand) flow analgesic
machines for use with 50/50% (V/V) nitrous oxide and oxygen [standard]. BS 4272-2:1996. 1968
(revised 1996).
Canadian Anesthesiologists Society. Guidelines to the practice of anaesthesia. 1998 (revised 2003).
Canadian Standards Association. Anaesthetic machines for medical use [standard]. CSA Z168.3-
97(R2001). 1984 (reaffirmed 2001).
Danish Standards Association/European Committee for Standardization. Anaesthetic workstations
and their modulesparticular requirements [standard]. DS/EN740:1998. 1998.
European Committee for Standardization. Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentconical
connectorspart 1: cones and sockets [standard]. EN 1281-1:1997. 1994 (revised 1997).
International Electrotechnical Commission. Medical electrical equipmentpart 1: general
requirements for safety [standard]. IEC 60601-1 (1988-12). 1988.
Medical electrical equipmentpart 1: general requirements for safety. Amendment 1 [standard].
IEC 60601-1-am1 (1991-11). 1991.
Medical electrical equipmentpart 1: general requirements for safety. Amendment 2 [standard].

IEC 60601-1-am2 (1995-03). 1995.
Medical electrical equipmentpart 1-1: general requirements for safety. Collateral standard:
safety requirements for medical electrical systems. 2nd ed. IEC 60601-1-1 (2000-12). 1992
(revised 2000).
electromagnetic compatibilityrequirements and tests. IEC 60601-1-2 (2001-09). 1993 (revised
2001).
programmable electrical medical systems. IEC 60601-1-4 (2000-04).
1996 (revised 2000).

16
Anesthesia Units
Medical electrical equipmentpart 2-13: particular requirements for the safety of anesthetic
workstations [standard]. IEC 60601-2-13 (1998-05). 1998.
International Organization for Standardization. Anaesthesia and respiratory care alarm signals
part 1: visual alarm signals [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 9703:Part 1:1992. 1992.
Anaesthesia and respiratory care alarm signalspart 2: auditory alarm signals [standard]. 1st
ed. ISO 9703-2:1994. 1994.
Anaesthesia and respiratory care alarm signalspart 3: guidance on application of alarms

[standard]. 1st ed. ISO 9703-3:1998. 1998.
Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentconical connectorspart 1: cones and sockets

[standard]. 2nd ed. ISO 5356:1-1996. 1987 (revised 1996).
Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentconical connectorspart 2: screw-threaded weight-

bearing connectors [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 5356-2:1987. 1987.
Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentheat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) for humidifying
respired gases in humanspart 1: HMEs for use with minimum tidal volumes of 250 ml
[standards]. 1st ed. ISO 9360-1:2000. 2000.
Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentheat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) for humidifying
respired gases in humanspart 2: HMEs for use with tracheostomized patients having minimum
tidal volumes of 250 ml [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 9360-2:2001. 2001.
Anaesthetic gas monitors [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 11196:1995. 1995.
Inhalational anaesthesia systemspart 4: anaesthetic vapor delivery devices [standard]. ISO

8835-4:2004. 2004 Jun.
Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand. Anaesthetic machinesnon-electricalfor use with
humans [standard]. AS/NZS 4059-1996. 1996.
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Electrically conductive equipment and materials for use in
flammable anesthetizing locations [standard]. 3rd ed. 1067. 1987 (revised 1997).
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Food and Drug Administration. Anesthesiology
devices. 21 CFR Part 868. 2005.
U.S. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Anesthetic gases:
guidelines for workplace exposures. 1999 Jul 20 (revised 2000 May 18).
Anesthesia unit vaporizers
European Committee for Standardization. Agent specific filling systems for anaesthetic vaporizers
part 1: rectangular keyed filling systems [standard]. EN 1280-1:1997. 1997.
Internation Organization for Standardization. Anaesthetic vaporizersagent-specific filling systems
[standard]. 1st ed. ISO 5360:1993. 1993.
Anesthesia ventilators
ASTM International. Specification for minimum performance and safety requirements for anesthesia
breathing systems [standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment.
F1208-89(1994). 1989 (reapproved 1994).

17
Anesthesia Units
Specification for particular requirements for anesthesia workstations and their components
[standard]. ASTM Committee F29 Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1850-00. 1998
(revised 2000).
Specification for ventilators intended for use during anesthesia [standard]. ASTM Committee F29
on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1101-90 (1996). 1990 (revised 1996).
Canadian Standards Association. Anaesthesia ventilators [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z168.5.1-97(R2001).
1987 (reaffirmed 2001).
Center for Devices and Radiological Health. Anesthesia apparatus checkout recommendations. 1993.
International Organization for Standardization. Breathing tubes intended for use with anaesthetic
apparatus and ventilators [standard]. 4th ed. ISO 5367:2000. 2000.
Anesthetic reservoir bags
American Society for Testing and Materials. Specification for anesthesia reservoir bags [standard].
ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment. F1204-88(1998). 1988
(reapproved 1998).
Medical gas piping
Canadian Standards Association. Low-pressure connecting assemblies for medical gas systems
[standard]. CAN/CSA-Z305.2-M88(R2001). 1988 (reaffirmed 2001).
Medical oxygen concentrator central supply system: for use with nonflammable medical gas
piping systems [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z305.6-92(R2001). 1992 (reaffirmed 2001).
Danish Standards Association/European Committee for Standardization. Medical gas pipeline
systemspart 2: anaesthetic gas scavenging disposal systemsbasic requirements [standards].
DS/EN 737-2:1998. 1998.
European Committee for Standardization. Medical gas pipeline systemspart 4: terminal units for
anaesthetic gas scavenging systems [draft standard]. EN 737-4:1998. 1998.
International Organization for Standardization. Terminal units for medical gas pipeline systems
part 2: terminal units for anaesthetic gas scavenging systems. 1st ed. ISO 9170-2:1999. 1999.
National Fire Protection Association/American National Standards Institute. Fire protection in
health care facilities [standard]. ANSI/NFPA 99-1996. 1999.
In the United States, medical-gas pipeline systems must be constructed and maintained to meet the
requirements of NFPA 99. Chapter 4 of this code specifically covers medical-gas and vacuum systems.
A number of other countries, including Britain, France, and Japan, have requirements based on this
code.
Scavenging systems
American National Standards Institute. Scavenging systems for excess anesthetic gases [standard].
ANSI Z79.11-1982. 1982.
European Committee for Standardization. Medical gas pipeline systemspart 4: terminal units for
anaesthetic gas scavenging systems [draft standard]. prEN 737-4:1998. 1998.
International Organization for Standardization. Inhalational anaesthesia systemspart 3:
anaesthetic gas scavenging systemstransfer and receiving systems [standard]. 1st ed. ISO
8835-3:1997. 1997.
Medical gas pipeline systemspart 2: anaesthetic gas scavenging disposal systems. 1st ed. ISO

18
Anesthesia Units
7396-2:2000. 2000.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Development and evaluation of methods for
elimination of waste anesthetic gases and vapors in hospitals. NTIS No. PB-267-513.
Waste anesthetic gases and vapors [recommendation]. NTIS No. PB-274-238.
Citations from other ECRI publications

Health Devices
Concentration calibrated vaporizers [hazard]. 1987 Mar-Apr;16(3-4):112.
Pre-use testing prevents helpful reconnection of anesthesia components [hazard]. 1987
May;16(5):178-9.
Who should service anesthesia equipment? [User Experience Network]. 1988 Feb;17(2):70-1.
Barotrauma from anesthesia ventilators [hazard]. 1988 Nov;17(11):354.
Oxygen regulator fire caused by use of two yoke washers [hazard]. 1990 Nov;19(11):426-7.
Risk of barotrauma and/or lack of ventilation with ventilatorless anesthesia machines [hazard]. 1994
Jan-Feb;23(1-2):54-5.
False CO2 readings from disposable anesthesia breathing circuits with an internal gas-sampling line
[hazard]. 1995 Apr;24(4):160-1.
Fires from oxygen use during head and neck surgery [hazard]. 1995 Apr;24(4):155-7.
Anesthesia systems [evaluation]. 1996 May-Jun;25(5-6):158-211.
Anesthesia ventilators with descending bellows: the need for appropriate monitoring [hazard]. 1996
Oct;25(10):391-3.
Leaching of the plasticizer from PVC tubing in heart-lung bypass unit tubing circuits [User
Experience Network]. 1996 Oct;25(10):393-5.
Anesthesia systems [update evaluation]. 1998 Jan;27(1):4-27.
Surgical fires: learning prevention [Talk to the specialist]. 1999 Sep;28(9):372-3.
Carbon monoxide exposures during inhalation anesthesia: the interaction between halogenated
anesthetic agents and carbon dioxide absorbents [hazard report]. 2000 Nov;27(11):402-4.
Anesthesia systems [update evaluation]. 2002 Apr;31(4):121-49.
Anesthesia carbon dioxide absorber fires [hazard report online preview]. 2003 Nov [cited 2003 Nov
19]. Available from Internet:
https://members.ecri.org/members/_Elements/HDOnline/_articles/MISC/ 2003Nov-
AnesthesiaCO2Fires.pdf.
Ventilator failures on Draeger Medical Fabius GS and Fabius Tiro anesthesia units [problem report]
2005 Jul;(34(7):23-5.
Health Devices Alerts

This Product Comparison lists Health Devices Alerts (HDA) citations published since the last
update of this report. Each HDA abstract is identified by an Accession Number. Recalls and hazard
reports include descriptions of the problem involved; abstracts of other published articles are
referenced by bibliographic information. HPCS subscribers can call the Hotline for additional
information on any of these citations or to request more extensive searches of the HDA database.
19
Anesthesia Units
A5794 The U.K. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has issued a
Medical Device Alert notifying healthcare workers that the Association of Anaesthetists of Great
Britain and Ireland (AAGBI) has published an updated version of its guideline "Checking
Anaesthetic Equipment." The document was developed to prevent inadequate pre-use checks of
anesthetic equipment. Use of inadequately checked anesthetic equipment has been associated with
serious patient consequences, such as hypoxic brain damage or death. AAGBI and MHRA
recommend that all U.K. anesthesia practitioners follow the updated AAGBI checklist, which is
available online at http://www.aagbi.org/guidelines.html. Laminated copies of the 2-page checklist
are available from AAGBI and should be attached to every anesthesia unit. Inquiries to AAGBI
should be addressed to the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland by mail at 21
Portland Place, London W1B 1PY, England; by telephone at (0207) 631 1650; by fax at (0207) 631
4352; or by e-mail at info@aagbi.org. Technical inquiries to MHRA should be addressed to Douglas
McIvor or Nigel Richards, MHRA, by mail at Hannibal House, Elephant and Castle, London SE1
6TQ, England; by telephone at (0207) 972 8193 or 8277, respectively; by fax at (0207) 972 8115; or by
e-mail at douglas.mcivor@mhra.gsi.gov.uk or nigel.richards@mhra.gsi.gov.uk, respectively. Clinical
inquiries to MHRA should be addressed to Dr. Susanne Ludgate, MHRA, by mail at the above
address, by telephone at (0207) 972 8123, by fax at (0207) 972 8111, or by e-mail at
susanne.ludgate@mhra.gsi.gov.uk. All inquiries to MHRA should quote reference no. 20010720.012-
2. Source: Great Britain. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency. Anaesthetic
equipment and associated devices. London: Department of Health; 2004 Jan 15. 5 p. (Medical device
alert; no. MDA/2004/003).
A6015 FDA has designated this Class II Recall No. Z-0192-05 for certain Draeger Medical anesthesia
units. In some cases, the rotary-knob-style APL valve of these anesthesia machines may separate
from the unit. The APL valve is located on the breathing system, and the rotating knob is used to
adjust airway pressure during manual ventilation. If the APL valve separates during use, manual
ventilation will not be possible. Spontaneous and automatic ventilation will not be affected by APL
valve separation. The manufacturer states that the failure rate is approximately 1% and that there
have been no reported injuries resulting from this malfunction. The manufacturer initiated a recall
by letter dated September 15, 2004. Verify that you have received the September 15, 2004, letter
from Draeger. Identify any affected product in your inventory by removing the APL valve from the
breathing system so that you can view the retaining nut, which will have the part number, revision
level, and serial number stamped on the bottom. A DraegerService representative or authorized
service organization will contact you to schedule replacement of affected APL valves. As standard
practice and as referenced in the pre-use check in the operators instruction manual, you should
always have emergency ventilation equipment, such as a manual resuscitator, available for use with
any anesthesia machine. For further information, contact Mike Kelhart, Draeger regulatory affairs,
by telephone at (800) 523-6817, ext. 2349, within the U.S. or at (215) 721-5400 outside the U.S. For
further information regarding replacement of your APL valve, contact Draeger Service technical
support by e-mail at techsupport@draegermed.com or by telephone at (800) 437-2437 (press #3 at the
prompt) within the U.S. Source: FDA Enforcement Rep 2004 Nov 24; letter submitted by
manufacturer.
A6296 FDA has designated this action Class II Recall No. Z-0710-05 for certain Maquet anesthesia
systems. A software update (version 7.0) has been released for these anesthesia systems. The
manufacturer notified U.S. customers by letter dated January 11, 2005. The firm states that all
systems have been updated or returned. No further action is required of customers. Source: FDA
Enforcement Rep 2005 Apr 20; Manufacturer.
D6528 FDA has designated this Class II Recall No. Z-1441-04 complete for certain Datascope
anesthesia delivery units. The alternating current (AC) mains switch may fail, resulting in a loss of
AC power. If AC power loss were to occur during device operation, the system would shift to battery
operation to maintain pneumatic ventilation, sound an audible alarm, and display intermittent

20
Anesthesia Units
alarm messages every 5 minutes to advise of the remaining battery time. The manufacturer initiated
a field correction by a service representative visit in June 2003. The firm states that the field
correction is complete. No further action is required of customers. Source: FDA Enforcement Rep
2004 Sep 22; Manufacturer.
41432 Aldridge J. Leak on Datex Aestiva/5 anaesthetic machine [letter]. Anaesthesia 2005
Apr;60(4):420-1.
Health Devices Inspection and Preventive Maintenance System

Anesthesia unit vaporizers. Procedure no. 436.
Anesthesia unit ventilators. Procedure no. 461.
Anesthesia units. Procedure no. 400.
Capnometers and multiple medical gas monitors. Procedure no. 450.
Healthcare Risk Control

Surgery and anesthesia. 1996;4:Surgery and anesthesia 3:1-14.
NIOSH alert: controlling exposures to nitrous oxide during anesthetic administration.
1996;4:Surgery and anesthesia 15.1.
Overview of anesthesia liability. 1996;4:Surgery and anesthesia 2:1-6.
Waste anesthetic gas. 1996;4:Surgery and anesthesia 15:1-10.
Pre-use checklist for anesthesia units (machines and accessories). 1996;4:Surgery and anesthesia
12:1-2.
Operating Room Risk Management

Automated anesthesia record keeping. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia:8.
Patient monitoring in the OR: vigilance, monitoring, and the standard of care. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia
1:1-11.
Pre-use checklist for anesthesia units (machines and accessories). 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia 3:1-3.
Selecting and using multiple medical gas monitors. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia 5:1-4.
Selecting and using physiologic monitors. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia 4:1-11.
Anesthesia malpractice: an overview. 1993 Jul;1:Anesthesia 2:1-7.
Desflurane (Suprane). 1994 Oct;1:Anesthesia 11:1-9.
NIOSH alert: controlling exposures to nitrous oxide during anesthetic administration. 1994
Oct;1:Anesthesia 9:1-15.
Supplier information
Acoma
Acoma Medical Industry Co Ltd [152410]
2-14-14 Hongo Bunkyo-ku
Tokyo 113-0033
Japan
Phone: 81 (3) 38166911 Fax: 81 (3) 38143845
Internet: http://www.acoma.com
E-mail: export@acoma-medical.co.jp

21
Anesthesia Units
AMS
AMS (Advanced Medical Systems) Ltd [356053]
Kazim Karabekir Cad 95/95 06060 Iskitler
TR-06060 Ankara
Turkey
Phone: 90 (312) 3840520 Fax: 90 (312) 3423307
Internet: http://www.ams.com.tr
E-mail: ams@ams.com.tr
Anmedic
Anmedic AB [397996]
Galgbacksvagen 6
S-186 30 Vallentuna
Sweden
Phone: 46 (8) 51430600 Fax: 46 (8) 51430620
Internet: http://www.anmedic.com
E-mail: mailbox@anmedic.com
Anmedic UK [398001]
PO Box 114
Hayling Island Hampshire PO11 9QN
England
Phone: 44 (239) 2463791 Fax: 44 (239) 2350731
Internet: http://www.anmedic.com
E-mail: mailbox@anmedic.com
Blease
Blease Medical Equipment Ltd [150950]
Beech House Chiltern Court Asheridge Road
Chesham Buckinghamshire HP5 2PX
England
Phone: 44 (1494) 784422 Fax: 44 (1494) 791497
Internet: http://www.blease.com
E-mail: sales@blease.com
Dameca
Dameca A/S [156977]
Islevdalvej 211
DK-2610 Rodovre
Denmark
Phone: 45 44509990 Fax: 45 44509999
Internet: http://www.dameca.com
E-mail: info@dameca.com
Datascope
Datascope Corp, Patient Monitoring Div [101670]
800 MacArthur Blvd PO Box 619
Mahwah, NJ 07430-0619
Phone: (201) 995-8000 (800) 288-2121 Fax: (201) 995-8606
Internet: http://www.datascope.com
E-mail: pm_sales@datascope.com
Datex-Ohmeda/GE Healthcare
Datex-Ohmeda (Finland) [351977]
Kuortaneenkatu 2 Posti Loaero 300
FIN-00031 Helsinki
Finland
Phone: 358 (10) 39411 Fax: 358 (10) 3945566

22
Anesthesia Units
Internet: http://www.datex-ohmeda.com
E-mail: arto.kontturi@datex-ohmeda.com
Datex-Ohmeda Inc, Div GE Healthcare [351254]

3030 Ohmeda Dr PO Box 7550
Madison, WI 53707-7550
Phone: (608) 221-1551 (800) 345-2700 Fax: (608) 222-9147
Internet: http://www.us.datex-ohmeda.com
E-mail: info@us.datex-ohmeda.com
Datex-Ohmeda Ltd (UK) [354403]

Ohmeda House 71 Great North Road
Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 5EN
England
Phone: 44 (1707) 263570 Fax: 44 (1707) 260065
E-mail: leslie.smith@uk.datex-ohmeda.com
Datex-Ohmeda Pte Ltd (Singapore) [351978]

152 Beach Road #12-05/07 Gateway East
Singapore 189721
Republic of Singapore
Phone: 65 63918636 Fax: 65 62916618
E-mail: irene.bay@datex-ohmeda.com
Draeger Medical
Draeger Ltd [157747]
The Willows Mark Road
Hemel Hempstead Hertfordshire HP2 7BW
England
Phone: 44 (1442) 213542 Fax: 44 (1442) 240327
Internet: http://www.draeger.co.uk
Draeger Medical AG & Co KGaA [374044]

Moislinger Allee 53-55 Postfach 1339
D-23542 Luebeck
Germany
Phone: 49 (451) 8820 Fax: 49 (451) 8822080
Internet: http://www.draeger.com
E-mail: birgit.lenz@draeger.com
Draeger Medical Australia Pty Ltd [306071]

3 Ferntree Place
Notting Hill VIC 3168
Australia
Phone: 61 (1800) 800327 Fax: 61 (1800) 010327
Internet: http://www.draeger.com.au
E-mail: med@draeger.com.au
Draeger Medical Inc [371341]

3135 Quarry Rd
Telford, PA 18969
Phone: (215) 721-5400 (800) 437-2437 Fax: (215) 723-5935
Internet: http://www.draegermedical.com
E-mail: www.info@draegermed.com
EKU Elektronik
EKU Elektronik GmbH [306278]
Am Sportplatz
23
Anesthesia Units
D-56291 Leiningen
Germany
Phone: 49 (6746) 1018 Fax: 49 (6746) 8484
Internet: http://www.eku-elektronik.de
E-mail: sales@eku-elektronik.de
F Stephan
F Stephan GmbH Medizintechnik [306280]
Kirchstrasse 19
D-56412 Gackenbach
Germany
Phone: 49 (6439) 91250 Fax: 49 (6439) 912518
Internet: http://www.stephan-gmbh.com
E-mail: info@stephan-gmbh.com
F Stephan Middle East Office [428586]

81 Sulaiman Al Nabulsi Street Al Abdaly AlTayseer Building 2/Fl
Amman 11190
Jordan
Phone: 962 (6) 56226893 Fax: 962 (6) 5626894
E-mail: stephan@nets.com.jo
Stephan Polska Sp z o o [428587]

ulica Sredzka 42
PL-62-020 Swarzedz
Poland
Phone: 48 (61) 6511188 Fax: 48 (61) 6516405
Heinen + Loewenstein
Heinen + Loewenstein GmbH [152521]
Arzbacher Strasse 80
D-56130 Bad Ems
Germany
Phone: 49 (2603) 96000 Fax: 49 (2603) 960050
Internet: http://www.hul.de
E-mail: dieter.herrenkind@hul.de
Heyer Medical
Heyer Anesthesia GmbH & Co KG [152523]
Carl-Heyer-Strasse 1/3 Postfach 1345
D-56130 Bad Ems
Germany
Phone: 49 (2603) 7910 Fax: 49 (2603) 70424
Internet: http://www.heyermedical.de
Intermed
Intermed Equipamento Medico Hospitalar Ltda [174394]
Avenida Cupece 1786 Cidade Ademar
Sao Paulo-SP 04366-000
Brazil
Phone: 55 (11) 56701303 Fax: 55 (11) 55624862
Internet: http://www.intermed.com.br
E-mail: intermed@intermedbr.com.br
Kimura
S Kimura Medical Instrument Co Ltd [152416]
17-5 Yushima 2-chome Bunkyo-ku
Tokyo 113

24
Anesthesia Units
Japan
Phone: 81 (3) 38144061 Fax: 81 (3) 38145304
Internet: http://www.kimura-medical.co.jp
E-mail: tokyo_intl@kimura-medical.co.jp
Medec
Medec [291305]
Lion d'Orweg 19
B-9300 Aalst
Belgium
Phone: 32 (53) 703544 Fax: 32 (53) 703533
Internet: www.medecbenelux.be
Normeca
Normeca A/S [162653]
Postboks 404
N-1471 Skaarer
Norway
Phone: 47 (67) 927600 Fax: 47 (67) 971766
Internet: http://www.normeca.com
E-mail: mobile-hospital@normeca.com
Normeca Asia [321497]

Kanda-Blanca Building 502 2-18-16 Iwamoto Chiyoda
Japan
Phone: 81 (3) 56873899
E-mail: normasia@mb.infoweb.ne.jp
Penlon
Penlon Ltd [139281]
Abingdon Science Park Barton Lane
Abingdon Oxfordshire OX14 3PH
England
Phone: 44 (1235) 547000 Fax: 44 (1235) 547021
Internet: http://www.penlon.com
E-mail: export@penlon.co.uk
Pneupac
Pneupac Ltd [150970]
Bramingham Business Park Enterprise Way
Luton Bedfordshire LU2 4BU
England
Phone: 44 (1582) 430000 Fax: 44 (1582) 430001
Internet: http://www.pneupac.co.uk
E-mail: info@pneupac.co.uk
Smiths Medical (Southeast Asia) Ltd [418055]

Unit C & D 11/Fl Spectrum Tower 53 Hung To Road
People's Republic of China
Phone: 852 23170988 Fax: 852 27364801
Internet: http://www.smiths-medical.com
E-mail: info@smiths-medical.com
Royal Medical
Royal Medical Co Ltd [157039]
2/Fl Sung Hwa Building 463-3 Seokyo-dong Mapo-ku
Seoul 121-210
Republic of Korea
25
Anesthesia Units
Phone: 82 (2) 3385561 Fax: 82 (2) 3363328

Internet: http://www.royalmedical.com
E-mail: royalmed@unitel.co.kr
Samed
Samed Elettromedicali srl [187040]
strada Provinciale 181 N 1/B
I-26833 Merlino LO
Italy
Phone: 39 (02) 90658787 Fax: 39 (02) 90658795
Internet: http://www.samedelettromedicali.com
E-mail: asomaru@tin.it
Siare
Siare Hospital Supplies srl [152520]
via Giulio Pastore 18
I-40056 Crespellano BO
Italy
Phone: 39 (051) 969802 Fax: 39 (051) 969366
Internet: http://www.siare.it
E-mail: mail@siare.it
Taema
Taema, Sub L'Air Liquide SA [151544]
6 rue Georges Besse CE 80
F-92182 Antony Cedex
France
Phone: 33 (1) 40966600 Fax: 33 (1) 40966700
Internet: http://www.taema.com
E-mail: olivier.tessier@airliquide.com
Ulco
Ulco Engineering Pty Ltd [157051]
25 Sloane Street
Marrickville NSW 2204
Australia
Phone: 61 (2) 95195881 Fax: 61 (2) 95502841
Internet: http://www.ulcomedical.com
E-mail: aroussos@ulco.com.au
Note: The following companies did not provide us with any product information in time for
publication. Their addresses are listed as a service to our readers.
Oxigel Materiais Hospitalares Industria Comercio Ltda [152447]

Rua Engenheiro Jorge Oliva 155 Vila Mascote
04362-060 Sao Paulo-SP
Brazil
Phone: 55 (11) 55671766 Fax: 55 (11) 55645013
Internet: http://www.oxigel.com.br
E-mail: oxigel@oxigel.com.br
K Takaoka Ind e Com Ltda [152442]

Rua Bertioga 385 Saude
04141-100 Sao Paulo-SP
Brazil
Phone: 55 (11) 55861030 Fax: 55 (11) 55861052
Internet: http://www.takaoka.com.br
E-mail: kt@takaoka.com.br

26
Anesthesia Units
About the chart specifications

The following terms are used in the charts:
Pipeline gas inlets: Many listed systems include diameter index safety system (DISS) pipeline
connections and pin-indexed cylinders and yokes.
Suction system: The ability to provide suction from the anesthesia machine.
O2 fail-safe: A safety device that protects the patient from inadequate O2 supply. If the O2 supply
pressure drops below about 25 to 30 pounds per square inch (psi), the unit decreases or shuts off the
flow of other gases and activates an alarm.
Hypoxic mixture fail-safe: A safety device that prevents an anesthesia machine from being set to
dispense a hypoxic mixture.
Bellows: Automatic ventilator bellows have an ascending or descending design. The bag-in-bottle
principle is based on an equilibrium between the tank pressure and the bottle pressure during
inspiration; during expiration, the patient exhales into the bag while the tank is refilled for the
following inspiration.
Ventilation modes: The modes of ventilation available with the anesthesia unit (e.g., manual
ventilation, controlled mechanical ventilation, intermittent mandatory ventilation).
Tidal volume, range, cc: A control adjusts the volume of individual breaths within this range.
Minute volume, range, L/min: A control adjusts the total inspiratory volume per minute delivery
from the bellows.
Frequency, bpm: The respiratory frequency can be set within the listed range of breaths per minute.
Inspiratory flow, L/min: The flow range of gas that the ventilator is capable of delivering to the
patient.
I:E ratio: The proportion of inspiration time to expiration time in a single respiratory cycle
(expiration is usually longer than inspiration).
System checks: Any check the unit can perform to ensure proper functioning of the anesthesia
system.
Hi-pressure alarm: Senses high gas pressure in the patient breathing circuit.
Subatmospheric pressure alarm: Senses when pressure is below ambient level; this usually occurs
during spontaneous inspiration when the patient is not receiving adequate gas or when gas is being
withdrawn from the circuit (e.g., by a misadjusted scavenging system) and not replenished by an
adequate fresh-gas flow.
Continuing press alarm: Senses sustained elevated airway pressure that does not periodically fall
below a selectable threshold level.
Installation: How the anesthesia unit is installed in the location of its intended use.
Abbreviations:
The following abbreviations are used in the chart:
ADU Anesthesia delivery unit APL Adjustable pressure-limiting
AGSS Anesthesia gas scavenging ARO After receipt of order

system ASTM American Society for Testing
ANSI American National Standards and Materials
Institute BIS Bispectral Index
27
Anesthesia Units
BP Blood pressure LCD Liquid crystal display

bpm Breaths per minute LED Light-emitting diode
BS British Standard MAC Monitored anesthesia care
BSI British Standards Institution MDD Medical Devices Directive
CE Communaute Europeen MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
CE mark Conformite Europeene mark MV Minute volume
CMV Controlled mechanical ventilation Ni-Cd Nickel-cadmium
CPAP Continuous positive airway OR Operating room
pressure
PCV Pressure-controlled ventilation
CPU Central processing unit
PEEP Positive end-expiratory pressure
CRT Cathode ray tube
PVC Pressure/volume control
CSA Canadian Standards Association
SCMV Synchronized controlled
DIN Deutsches Institut fuer Normung mechanical ventilation
DIS Draft international standard SIMV Synchronized intermittent
mandatory ventilation
ECG Electrocardiogram
SMV Synchronized mechanical
EEG Electroencephalogram
ventilation
EL Electroluminescent display
SPVC Synchronized pressure/volume
EN European Norm control
EVC Expiratory volume control ST ECG wave segment
(ventilator function)
tcCO2 Transcutaneous carbon dioxide
FDA U.S. Food and Drug
tcO2 Transcutaneous oxygen
Administration
TFT Thin-film transistor
ICE Integral contrast enhancement
TGA Australia Therapeutic Goods
IEC International Electrotechnical
Administration
Commission
Ti Inspiratory time
IMV Intermittent mandatory
ventilation TUV Technischer Ueberwachungs
Verein
IPPV Intermittent positive-pressure
ventilation TV Tidal volume
IR Infrared UL Underwriters Laboratories
ISO International Organization for UPS Uninterruptible power supply
Standardization
VCV Modes volume control
IV Intravenous
VGA Video Graphics Array
JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
Note: The data in the charts derive from suppliers specifications and have not been verified
through independent testing by ECRI or any other agency. Because test methods vary, different
products specifications are not always comparable. Moreover, products and specifications are subject
to frequent changes. ECRI is not responsible for the quality or validity of the information presented
or for any adverse consequences of acting on such information.

28
Anesthesia Units
When reading the charts, keep in mind that, unless otherwise noted, the list price does not reflect
supplier discounts. And although we try to indicate which features and characteristics are standard
and which are not, some may be optional, at additional cost.
For those models whose prices were supplied to us in currencies other than U.S. dollars, we have
also listed the conversion to U.S. dollars to facilitate comparison among models. However, keep in
mind that exchange rates change often.
Need to know more?

For further information about the contents of this Product Comparison, contact the HPCS Hotline
at +1 (610) 825-6000, ext. 5265; +1 (610) 834-1275 (fax); or hpcs@ecri.org (e-mail).

29
Anesthesia Units
Product Comparison Chart
MODEL ECRI-RECOMMENDED ECRI-RECOMMENDED ACOMA ACOMA

SPECIFICATIONS SPECIFICATIONS
Basic Performance1 High Performance1 KMA-1300III PH-5FII
WHERE MARKETED Not specified Not specified
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Not specified
CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified
PIPELINE GAS INLETS All All 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES O2 O2, N2O, air 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane,
enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane, halothane, enflurane halothane, enflurane
sevoflurane sevoflurane
Type Variable bypass Variable bypass
Number 1 2+ 3 3
Interlock Yes (if >1 vaporizer) Yes Yes Yes
SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Audible, visual, N2O Audible, visual, N2O Yes Yes
shutoff shutoff
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Yes (methods vary) Yes (methods vary) 30% O2 30% O2
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC Yes Yes Yes Optional (AFR-900II :
VENTILATOR ACE-3000)
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult Adult : Adult/pediatric
Type Motor driven Not specified
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual, spontaneous, Manual, spontaneous, Volume, manual, Volume : CMV
VCV VCV, PCV, SIMV or spontaneous
pressure support
Tidal volume Yes Yes
Range, cc 50-1,200 20-1,500 200-1,300 200-900 : 0-2, 660
Minute volume Yes Yes : Not specified
Range, L/min >20 >20 2-33 1-20 : Not specified
Frequency, bpm 5-60 5-60 5-40 4-50 : 0-180
Inspiratory flow, L/min 5-100 5-65 : 3-40
IE ratio 1:1 to 1:3 1:0.5 to 1:5 : 1:0.1 to 1:9.9
Inspiratory pause Optional Optional 5, 10, 20, 30% Not specified
Pressure limit, cm Adjustable, <70 preferred Adjustable, <70 preferred Not specified 40 : 15-65
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 0-20 0-20 0-20
Other controls None specified ACE-3000 has inspired
time control
System checks Pre-use vent, gas supply, Pre-use leak, vent, None specified None specified
ongoing system compliance, gas supply,
ongoing system
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Active or passive Optional Optional
AUTO RECORD No Optional No No
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA No Optional No No
MANAGEMENT
This is the first of three

pages covering the above
model(s). These
specifications continue
onto the next two pages.

30
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Yes Yes No : Yes
Where measured Varies Varies Not specified NA : Not specified
High-pressure alarm Yes Yes Yes NA : Not specified
Subatmospheric Yes Yes 5-60 cm H2O NA : Yes
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Yes Yes No NA : No
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Not specified NA : Not specified
Other pressure alarms Optional Optional None specified NA : None
Expiratory volume/flow Yes Yes Yes No
Type of sensor Varies Varies Not specified NA
Where measured Varies Varies Not specified NA
Rate alarm NA NA
Apnea alarm Yes (method may vary) Yes (method may vary) No NA
Reverse-flow alarm No NA
High/low minute No NA
volume
High/low flow No NA
Other expiratory No NA
alarms
O2 concentration Yes Yes Yes Yes
Type of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell
Response time, sec <30 <30 Not specified Not specified
CO2 concentration Optional Optional No Yes
Apnea alarm Required (if CO2 Required (if CO2 NA Not specified
monitoring is integral) monitoring is integral)
N2O No Yes No Not specified
Agent monitors No Yes Optional Optional
Type of agents NA Isoflurane, halothane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane,
enflurane, desflurane, halothane, enflurane halothane, enflurane
sevoflurane
Auto ID No Yes No No
Agent concentration No Yes Not specified Not specified
alarm
ECG No Optional No No
Heart rate No Required (if ECG is NA NA
integral)
ST segment No Required (if ECG is NA NA
integral)
Noninvasive BP No Optional No No
Invasive BP No Optional No No
Temperature No Optional No No
Pulse oximeter No Optional Not specified Not specified
Other monitors None Optional None specified None specified
Other features None specified None specified
This is the second of three

model(s). These
onto the next page.

31
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes Yes No No
Number 1 2 NA NA
Type NA NA
Integrated Yes Yes NA NA
Interface with others Yes Yes NA NA
DATA INPUT No No
PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (caution, advisory, 3 (caution, advisory, No No
alarm) alarm)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 142 x 71 x 74 148 x 60 x 65
Weight, kg 150 80
Shelves, cm 57 x 26 3 x 6.1 x 30, 13 x 42 x
21.5
Drawers, cm 6.5 x 25 x 23 8.3 x 36.2 x 17.7
Writing shelf, cm 87 x 60 x 40 88 x 49.5 x 25
Installation Not specified Not specified
POWER REQUIRED, Not specified Not specified
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 4 Not specified
BACKUP BATTERY Required Required No Not specified
Type NA Not specified
Use per charge, hr 0.5 0.5 NA Not specified
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified Y1,990,000 (US$16,607)
for block type, Y2,010,000
(US$16,774); does not
include vaporizer
Warranty Not specified 1 year
Service contract Not specified Not specified
Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified
OTHER Some units for use in MRI None specified. Auxiliary shelves.
SPECIFICATIONS rooms may not be able to
meet all "high"
requirements.
Supplier Footnotes
1 1
Model Footnotes These recommendations These recommendations
are the opinions of ECRI's are the opinions of ECRI's
technology experts. ECRI technology experts. ECRI
assumes no liability for assumes no liability for
decisions made based on decisions made based on
this data. this data.
Data Footnotes

32
Anesthesia Units

MODEL ACOMA ACOMA AMS AMS
PRO-55 PRO-INJ 100 200
WHERE MARKETED Not specified Not specified Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North
America America
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Not specified Submitted Submitted
CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) Optional (O2, N2O, air) Optional
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane,
halothane, enflurane halothane, enflurane enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane,
Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Temperature Temperature
compensated compensated
Number 2 or 3 2 1 2
Interlock Yes Yes NA Yes
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Yes
HYPOXIC MIXTURE 30% O2 30% O2 Yes Yes
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC Optional (PRO-VmkII : Optional (PRO-55V) 6500 8500
VENTILATOR PRO-55V)
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric
Type Ascending Ascending Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Volume : CMV, SIMV, CMV, SIMV, spontaneous CMV, PCV, SIMV, ASB CMV, PCV, SIMV, ASB
spontaneous
Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes Yes
Range, cc 100-1,200 : 1-2,660 0-2,660 20-1,600 20-1,500
Minute volume Yes Yes Yes Yes
Range, L/min 1.7-20 : 1-13 1.7-20, 1-13 0.3-25, automatic 0.3-25, automatic
Frequency, bpm 5-40 : 0-180 0-180 2-99 2-99
Inspiratory flow, L/min 5-62.8 : 3-40 3-40 0-100, automatic Adjustable in PCV Mode
IE ratio 1:1 to 1:3 : 1:0.5 to 1:9.9 1:0.5 to 1:9.9 2:1 to 1:5 2:1 to 1:5
Inspiratory pause 20% or 30% 20% or 30% No User adjustable
Pressure limit, cm 15-65 15-65 10-70, adjustable 10-70, adjustable
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 0-20 Off (0), 3-20 Off (0), 3-20
Other controls PRO-55V has inspired PRO-55V has inspired Adult/pediatric modes, Adult/pediatric modes,
time control time control MV/TV selection, MV/TV selection,
integrated spirometry, integrated spirometry,
fresh gas and compliance fresh-gas and compliance
compensation compensation
System checks None specified None specified Self-verification Self-verification
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional Optional Active or passive Active or passive
AUTO RECORD No No Optional Optional
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Not specified Not specified Optional Optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

33
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure No : Yes Yes Yes Yes
Where measured NA : Not specified Yes Y-piece Y-piece
High-pressure alarm NA : Yes Yes Yes Yes
Subatmospheric NA : Yes Yes No No
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure NA : Yes Yes Yes Yes
alarm
Low pressure/apnea NA : Yes Yes Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms NA : None None Peak Peak
Expiratory volume/flow Yes Yes Yes Yes
Type of sensor Not specified Not specified Spirolite Spirolite
Where measured Not specified Not specified Y-piece Y-piece
Rate alarm No No Yes Yes
Apnea alarm No : Yes Yes Yes Yes
Reverse-flow alarm No No No No
High/low minute No : Yes Yes Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow Yes : No No Yes Yes
Other expiratory Not specified Not specified Disconnection, leak, Disconnection, leak,
alarms obstruction obstruction
Type of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell
Response time, sec Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
CO2 concentration No No Yes Yes
Apnea alarm NA NA Yes Yes
N2O Not specified No Yes Yes
Agent monitors Not specified No Yes Yes
Type of agents Not specified Not specified Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane,
enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane,
Auto ID No No Yes Yes
Agent concentration Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
alarm
ECG No No Yes Yes
Heart rate NA NA Yes Yes
ST segment NA NA Yes Yes
Noninvasive BP No No Yes Yes
Invasive BP No No Yes Yes
Temperature No No Yes Yes
Pulse oximeter No No Yes Yes
Other monitors None specified None specified Arrhythmia, respiration Arrhythmia, respiration
rate, 5/12 ECG, BIS rate, 5/12 ECG, BIS
Other features None specified None specified Trends, printing, Trends, printing,
networking networking

model(s). These
onto the next page.

34
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes Yes
Number Not specified Not specified 1 1
Type LED LED Color TFT Color TFT
Integrated No No Yes Yes
Interface with others No No Yes Yes
DATA INPUT No No Membrane switches, Membrane switches,
ComWheel, knobs ComWheel, knobs
PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes Yes 3 (caution, advisory, 3 (caution, advisory,
warning) warning)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 148 x 70 x 77 148 x 70 x 77 150 x 58 x 82 150 x 70 x 82
Weight, kg 145 145 69 86
Shelves, cm 61 x 30 61 x 30 56 x 34 34 x 34 (top shelf)
Drawers, cm 30 x 28.5 x 37 30 x 28.5 x 37 10.5 x 37 x 37 (4 10.5 x 37 x 37 (4
maximum) maximum)
Writing shelf, cm 12.5 x 28.5 x 30 12.5 x 28.5 x 30 37 x 37 37 x 37
Installation Not specified Not specified Mobile Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, Not specified Not specified 220-240, optional 110-120 220/240, optional 110-120
VAC
Auxiliary outlets Not specified Not specified 2 2
BACKUP BATTERY Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
Type Not specified Not specified Rechargeable Rechargeable
Use per charge, hr Not specified Not specified Up to 2 1
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified Not specified 18,000 (US$20,745) 20,000 ($US23,051)
without monitor without monitor
Warranty 1 year 1 year 2 years 2 years
Service contract Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified 2-3 weeks 2-3 weeks
OTHER None specified. None specified. Alternative gas supply per Alternative gas supply per
SPECIFICATIONS end-user requirements; end-user requirements;
illuminated flowmeter. illuminated flowmeter;
air/N2O selection valve.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

35
Anesthesia Units

MODEL AMS ANMEDIC ANMEDIC ANMEDIC
300 Falcon Falcon SE Hawk
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA
America
FDA CLEARANCE Submitted No No No
CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Yes
GAS CYLINDER YOKES Optional Up to 4 (O2, N2O, air) Up to 4 (O2, N2O, air) Optional
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane,
enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane,
sevoflurane sevoflurane sevoflurane sevoflurane
Type Temperature Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass
compensated
Number 3 1 or 2 1 or 2 1
Interlock Yes In vaporizer In vaporizer In vaporizer
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Yes
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Yes Ratio system Ratio system Ratio system
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC 8500 Optional Kestrel Yes Optional Anevent
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult Adult Adult
Type Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes CMV, PCV, SIMV, ASB Manual, CMV, PCV, Manual, CMV, PCV, SIMV Manual, CMV
optional SIMV
Range, cc 20-1,500 20-1,500 20-1,500 Up to 1,500
Minute volume Yes No No No
Range, L/min 0.3-25, automatic NA NA NA
Frequency, bpm 2-99 4-60 4-60 6-60
Inspiratory flow, L/min Adjustable in PCV mode 2-80 2-80 0-60
IE ratio 2:1 to 1:5 3:1 to 1:9.9 3:1 to 1:9.9 1:1, 1:2, 1:3
Inspiratory pause User adjustable Adjustable inspiratory flow Adjustable inspiratory flow No
Pressure limit, cm 10-70, adjustable 10-65 10-65 10-60
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O Off (0), 3-20 0-20 0-20 Optional 2-20
Other controls Adult/pediatric modes, Fresh gas and compliance Fresh gas and compliance None
MV/TV selection, compensation compensation
integrated spirometry,
fresh gas and compliance
compensation
System checks Self-verification Automated-instructed Automated-instructed Manual
ventilator and breathing ventilator and breathing
system check system check
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Exhaust or passive AGSS Exhaust or passive AGSS Exhaust or passive AGSS
AUTO RECORD Optional No No No
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional Serial RS232 output Serial RS232 output No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

36
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Yes Yes Yes
Where measured Y-piece Expiratory limb Expiratory limb Bellows
High-pressure alarm Yes Adjustable Adjustable Adjustable
Subatmospheric No Yes Yes No
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Yes Yes Yes No
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes No
Other pressure alarms Peak System pressure System pressure None
Expiratory volume/flow Yes No Yes No
Type of sensor Spirolite NA Differential pressure NA
Where measured Y-piece NA Bellows inlet NA
Rate alarm Yes NA No NA
Apnea alarm Yes NA No NA
Reverse-flow alarm No NA No NA
High/low minute Yes NA Yes NA
volume
High/low flow Yes No No No
Other expiratory Disconnection, leak, No No No
alarms obstruction
O2 concentration Yes No Optional No
Type of sensor Galvanic cell NA Galvanic cell NA
Response time, sec Not specified NA Not specified NA
CO2 concentration Yes No No No
Apnea alarm Yes NA NA NA
N2O Yes No No No
Agent monitors Yes No No No
Type of agents Isoflurane, halothane, NA NA NA
enflurane, desflurane,
sevoflurane
Auto ID Yes NA NA NA
Agent concentration Yes NA NA NA
alarm
ECG Yes No No No
Heart rate Yes NA NA NA
ST segment Yes NA NA NA
Noninvasive BP Yes No No No
Invasive BP Yes No No No
Temperature Yes No No No
Pulse oximeter Yes No No No
Other monitors Arrhythmia, respiration None None None
rate, 5/12 ECG, BIS
Other features Trends, printing, None Numeric ventilator trends None
networking

model(s). These
onto the next page.

37
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes No
Number 1 1 1 NA
Type Color TFT LED, bar graph Color TFT (16.3 cm [6.4"]) NA
Integrated Yes Yes Yes NA
Interface with others Yes NA No NA
DATA INPUT Membrane switches, No No No
ComWheel, knobs
PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (caution, advisory, Yes Yes No
warning)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 150 x 80 x 85 146 x 85 (69, frame) x 64 138 x 86 (70, frame) x 75 148 x 75 (63, frame) x 72
(with trolley)
Weight, kg 110 160 with ventilator 180 75 with ventilator
Shelves, cm 34 x 34 (top shelf) 38 x 35, optional 61 x 35 67 x 36 63 x 35
Drawers, cm 10.5 x 37 x 37 (4 50 x 30 x 10 (3 maximum) 47 x 33 x 11 (3 maximum) 42 x 30 x 10 (3 maximum)
maximum)
Writing shelf, cm 37 x 37 56 x 25 62 x 30 (tabletop) None
Installation Mobile Mobile Mobile Mobile or wall
POWER REQUIRED, 220/240, optional 110-120 110-125, 220-250 110-125, 220-250 110-125, 220-250
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 2 4 4 4
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes No
Type Rechargeable Lead acid Lead acid NA
Use per charge, hr 1 0.5 0.5 NA
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price 22,000 (US$25,359) Not specified Not specified Not specified
without monitor
Warranty 2 years 1 year 1 year 1 year
Service contract Yes Not specified Not specified Not specified
Delivery time, ARO 2-3 weeks Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER Alternative gas supply per Auxiliary gas outlets; Pull-out writing surface; Auxiliary gas outlets.
SPECIFICATIONS end-user requirements; lamp. lamp; auxiliary gas outlets.
illuminated flowmeter.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

38
Anesthesia Units

MODEL ANMEDIC BLEASE BLEASE BLEASE
Kite Frontline Genius/Genius Frontline Plus 440 : Plus Frontline Sirius 1000 :
MRI 560 : Plus 690 2000
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except USA Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide
FDA CLEARANCE No Yes Yes (560 submitted) Not specified
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 3 optional (O2, N2O, air) 2 maximum 3 maximum : 4 maximum : 2
5 maximum
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Isoflurane, halothane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, isoflurane,
enflurane, desflurane, halothane, enflurane halothane, enflurane halothane, enflurane
sevoflurane
Type Variable bypass Plenum-type variable Plenum-type variable Plenum-type variable
bypass, fully compensated bypass, fully compensated bypass, fully compensated
Number 1 or 2 1 maximum 3 maximum 2 maximum
Interlock In vaporizer Fully compatible Fully compatible Fully compatible
SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional, direct/venturi Optional, direct/venturi Optional, direct/venturi
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Alarm Multigas cutoff, full alarms Multigas cutoff, full alarms
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Ratio system Gear-driven ratio system1 Gear-driven ratio system1 Gear-driven ratio system1
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC Optional Anevent 2200 Blease 8500 (not FDA Blease 6700
VENTILATOR approved)
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual, CMV Adult, pediatric, CMV Adult, pediatric, SIMV, Adult, pediatric, SIMV,
CMV, PCV, PLV2 CMV, PCV, PLV2
Range, cc Up to 1,500 50-1,200 20-1,600 20-1,600
Minute volume No Yes Yes Yes
Range, L/min NA 0.5-60 0.3-25 0.3-25
Frequency, bpm 6-60 6-99 2-99 2-99
Inspiratory flow, L/min 0-60 0-100 0-100, variable 0-100, variable
IE ratio 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 Not specified 2:1 to 1:5 2:1 to 1:5
Inspiratory pause No NA 25% 25%
Pressure limit, cm 10-60 20-80, adjustable 10-70, adjustable 10-70, adjustable
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O Optional 2-20 0-20 variable 0-20 electronic variable 0-20 electronic variable
PEEP PEEP
Other controls None Adult and pediatric Adult and pediatric Adult and pediatric
modes, standby, MV/TV modes, standby in both modes, standby in both
selection modes, spirometry MV/TV modes, spirometry MV/TV
selection 3 selection 3
System checks Manual Self-verification test Self-verification and leak Self-verification and leak
test, compliance, test, compliance,
compensation compensation
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Exhaust or passive AGSS Active AGSS Active vacuum or exhaust Active vacuum or exhaust
AGSS AGSS
AUTO RECORD No Optional Optional Optional
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA No Optional Optional Optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

39
Anesthesia Units

MRI 560 : Plus 690 2000
MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Peak and mean Peak and mean Peak and mean
Where measured Bellows Y-piece Y-piece Y-piece
High-pressure alarm Adjustable 10-70 cm H2O 70 to -4 cm H2O 70 to -4 cm H2O
Subatmospheric No Not specified -10 cm H2O, fixed, -10 cm H2O, fixed,
pressure alarm internal internal
Continuing pressure No PEEP referenced PEEP referenced PEEP referenced
alarm
Low pressure/apnea No 5-60 cm 70 to -4 cm H2O 70 to -4 cm H2O
Other pressure alarms None Not specified Low-pressure 5-60 cm Low-pressure 5-60 cm
H2O, adjustable, apnea4 H2O, adjustable, apnea4
Expiratory volume/flow No Not specified MV and TV MV and TV
Type of sensor NA Not specified Spirolite expiratory volume Spirolite expiratory volume
Where measured NA Not specified Circuit Circuit
Rate alarm NA Not specified Yes Yes
Apnea alarm NA Not specified Low expired volume Low expired volume
Reverse-flow alarm NA Not specified No No
High/low minute NA Not specified Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow No Not specified Yes Yes
Other expiratory No Not specified High expired volume High expired volume
alarms alarm alarm
O2 concentration No Adjustable Adjustable alarms Adjustable alarms
Type of sensor NA Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell
Response time, sec NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
CO2 concentration No Not specified Optional Optional
Apnea alarm NA Not specified Optional Optional
N2O No Not specified Optional Optional
Agent monitors No Not specified Optional Optional
Type of agents NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
Auto ID NA Not specified Optional Optional
Agent concentration NA Not specified Optional Optional
alarm
ECG No Not specified Optional Optional
Heart rate NA Not specified Optional Optional
ST segment NA Not specified Optional Optional
Noninvasive BP No Not specified Optional Optional
Invasive BP No Not specified Optional Optional
Temperature No Not specified Optional Optional
Pulse oximeter No Not specified Optional Optional
Other monitors None None specified None specified None specified
Other features None None specified User-definable defaults, User-definable defaults,
language option, language option,
waveform, bar graph waveform, bar graph

model(s). These
onto the next page.

40
Anesthesia Units

MRI 560 : Plus 690 2000
DISPLAYS No Not specified Optional Optional
Number NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
Type NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
Integrated NA Not specified No No
Interface with others NA Not specified Yes Yes
DATA INPUT No Not specified No No
PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Not specified Optional Optional
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 148 x 75 (63, frame) x 72 67.5 x 40 x 180 147 x [50 : 62 : 79] x 79 60 x 69 x 25 : 149 x 50 x
62
2
Weight, kg 90 with ventilator 25 85 : 104 : 130, without 30 : 68; without patient
patient monitors monitors
Shelves, cm 63 x 35 1, not specified [50 : 62 : 75] x 44 (2), [45 : NA : 46 x 43
47 : 74] x 50 (1)
Drawers, cm 42 x 30 x 10 (3 maximum) Optional 1, not specified 35 x 10 x 35 (4 maximum) 35 x 10 x 35 (4 maximum)
Writing shelf, cm 43 x 29 Not specified 26 x 35 pull-out writing NA : 46 x 23
table (1)
Installation Mobile Mobile, wall, pendant Mobile, wall, ceiling Wall, pendant : Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, 110-125, 220-250 Battery powered 110/120/220/240 100-260
VAC
BACKUP BATTERY No Yes Yes Yes
Type NA AA Not specified Internal
Use per charge, hr NA Not specified 2 2
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year
Service contract Not specified Optional Optional Optional
Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified Varies Varies
OTHER Auxiliary gas outlets. MRI compatibility up to Integral O2 monitor with Integral O2 monitor;
SPECIFICATIONS 1,000-gauss line. backlight and dimming flowmeter backlight;
facility; pull-out writing swing-out writing table
table with pre-use with pre-use checklist;
checklist; storage space footbrake; siderails with
for range of circle integral handle; wipe-
absorbers; footrest; clean angled gauges.
footbrake; rear handle; Meets the requirements of
rear bumper; wipe-clean ANSI, ASTM, BS 5724,
angled gauges. Meets the BSI, CSA, DIN, IEC 601,
requirements of ANSI, and ISO.
ASTM, BS 5724, BSI,
CSA, DIN, IEC 601, and
ISO.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1 1 1
Data Footnotes Rotameter controls are 1 vaporizer connected to 1 vaporizer connected to
knock resistant with a the ventilator and up to 3 the ventilator and up to 3
guard in front of them. vaporizers in parking. vaporizers in parking.
2 2 2
Includes cylinder box and Also spontaneous, sigh, Also spontaneous, sigh,
pipelines; excludes trolley pause, and pressure pause, and pressure
and wall mounting. support. 3Fresh gas support. 3Fresh gas
compensated. 4Also compensated. 4Also
pressure cycling and low pressure cycling and low
supply-gas pressure. supply-gas pressure.

41
Anesthesia Units

MODEL BLEASE DAMECA DAMECA DAMECA
Frontline Sirius 3000 DREAM Siesta Breasy Siesta Whispa
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North
America America America
FDA CLEARANCE 510k No No No
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) Yes Yes Yes
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 4 maximum 1 or 2 Optional Optional
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
halothane, enflurane halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane,
desflurane desflurane desflurane
Type Plenum-type variable Temperature Temperature Temperature
bypass, fully compensated compensated compensated compensated
Number 2 maximum 1 or 2 1, 2 or 3 1, 2 or 3
Interlock Fully compatible Yes Yes Yes
SUCTION SYSTEM Direct/venturi Optional Optional Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Multigas cutoff, full alarms Yes Yes Yes
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Gear-driven ratio system1 Yes Yes Yes
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC Blease 8700 Yes Yes Yes
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult Adult/pediatric Adult
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Adult, pediatric, SIMV, Manual, CMV, PLV, SIMV Manual, controlled, Manual, VCV, PCV, SIMV
CMV, PCV, PLV2 mechanical
Range, cc 20-1,600 20-1,500, 50-1,500 20-1,500 20-1,500
Range, L/min 0.3-25 2-15 2-15 2-15
Frequency, bpm 2-99 4-60 4-80 4-80
Inspiratory flow, L/min 0-100, variable 2-80 2-15 2-80
IE ratio 2:1 to 1:5 3:1, 1:9 3:1 to 1:9.9 3:1 to 1:9.9
Inspiratory pause 25% Plateau Not specified 0-70%
Pressure limit, cm 10-70, adjustable 25-85 25-85 10-70
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 electronic variable 3-20 Optional 1-3
PEEP
Other controls Adult and pediatric Fresh gas and compliance None specified Fresh-gas and compliance
modes, standby in both compensated compensated
modes, spirometry MV/TV
selection3
System checks Self-verification and leak Self-test including leak None specified Self-test including leak
test, compliance, test test
compensation
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active vacuum or exhaust Active AGSS Active AGSS Active AGSS
AGSS
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional No No No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

42
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Peak and mean No No No
Where measured Y-piece NA NA NA
High-pressure alarm 70 to -4 cm H2O NA NA NA
Subatmospheric -10 cm H2O, fixed, NA NA NA
pressure alarm internal
Continuing pressure PEEP referenced NA NA NA
alarm
Low pressure/apnea 70 to -4 cm H2O NA NA NA
Other pressure alarms Low-pressure 5-60 cm NA NA NA
H2O, adjustable, apnea4
Expiratory volume/flow MV and TV No No No
Type of sensor Spirolite expiratory volume NA NA NA
Where measured Circuit NA NA NA
Rate alarm Yes NA NA NA
Apnea alarm Low expired volume NA NA NA
Reverse-flow alarm No NA NA NA
High/low minute Yes NA NA NA
volume
High/low flow Yes NA NA NA
Other expiratory High expired volume NA NA NA
alarms alarm
O2 concentration Adjustable alarms No Yes, with ventilator No
Type of sensor Galvanic cell NA NA NA
Response time, sec Not specified NA NA NA
CO2 concentration Optional No No No
Apnea alarm Optional NA NA NA
N2O Optional No No No
Agent monitors Optional No No No
Type of agents Not specified NA NA NA
Auto ID Optional NA NA NA
Agent concentration Optional NA NA NA
alarm
ECG Optional No No No
Heart rate Optional NA NA NA
ST segment Optional NA NA NA
Noninvasive BP Optional No No No
Invasive BP Optional No No No
Temperature Optional No No No
Pulse oximeter Optional Not specified Not specified Not specified
Other monitors None specified None specified None specified None specified
Other features User-definable defaults, None specified None specified None specified
language option,
waveform, bar graph

model(s). These
onto the next page.

43
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Optional Yes Yes Yes
Number Not specified 1 + patient monitor Not specified 1 + patient monitor
Type Not specified 10" color VGA LCD (12.7 cm) [5"]) LCD (17.8 cm) [7"])
Integrated No Yes Yes Yes
Interface with others Yes Yes No Yes
DATA INPUT No Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard
PRIORITIZED ALARMS Optional Yes Yes Yes
PHYSICAL FEATURES
Weight, kg 110; without patient 120 100 100
monitors
Shelves, cm 46 x 43 55 x 40 55 x 40 55 x 40
Drawers, cm 35 x 10 x 35 (4 maximum) 55 x 40 55 x 40 55 x 40
Writing shelf, cm 35 x 34 swing-out writing 20 x 30 20 x 30 20 x 30
table
Installation Mobile, pendant Mobile Mobile Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, 100-260 110/230 110/230 110/230
VAC
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes Yes
Type internal Rechargeable Rechargeable Rechargeable
Use per charge, hr 2 0.5 0.5 0.5
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified $30,000 Not specified Not specified
Service contract Optional Not specified Not specified Not specified
Delivery time, ARO Varies Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER Integral O2 monitor; Ergonomic design; height- Meets requirements of Meets requirements of
SPECIFICATIONS flowmeter backlight; adjustable table; IEC 601-1 and ISO 5358. IEC 601-1 and ISO 5358.
swing-out writing table plate/patient systems;
with pre-use checklist; patient monitor. Meets
footbrake; siderails with requirements of IEC 601-1
integral handle; wipe- and ISO 5358.
clean angled gauges.
Meets the requirements of
ANSI, ASTM, BS 5724,
BSI, CSA, DIN, IEC 601,
and ISO.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1
Data Footnotes 1 vaporizer connected to
the ventilator and up to 3
vaporizers in parking.
2
Also spontaneous, sigh,
pause, and pressure
support. 3Fresh gas
compensated. 4Also
pressure cycling and low
supply-gas pressure.

44
Anesthesia Units

MODEL DAMECA DATASCOPE DATASCOPE DATEX-OHMEDA/ GE
HEALTHCARE
SNOOZE ANESTAR Plus ANESTAR S Aestiva MRI
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except North Australia, South America, Australia, South America, Worldwide
America USA USA
FDA CLEARANCE No Yes Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS Yes 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O), optional air 4 optional (O2, N2O, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES No 3 (O2, N2O, air or O2 with 2 (O2, N2O) 4 optional (O2, N2O, air,
2 additional) CO2, heliox)
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane
Type Temperature Variable bypass Variable bypass Tec 7 temperature, flow,
compensated pressure compensated,
EZ Fill
Number 1 2 2 2
Interlock Yes Yes Yes Yes
SUCTION SYSTEM No Optional Optional Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Pneumatic
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Yes Ratio system, minimum Ratio system, minimum Mechanical link
FAIL-SAFE volume of 25% O2 volume of 25% O2
AUTOMATIC No Yes Yes 7900
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE None 1,400 mL 1,400 mL 1,500 mL
Type NA Bag in bottle Bag in bottle Ascending, standing,
multibreath
Primary controls
Ventilation modes NA Manual and spontaneous, Manual and spontaneous, VCV, PCV, SIMV-VC,
CMV, CMV with sigh, CMV, CMV with sigh, SIMV-PC, PSVPro, CPAP
PCV, pressure support for pressure support for
pediatrics and adults pediatrics and adults
Tidal volume NA Yes Yes 1,500 mL
Range, cc NA 40-1,400 40-1,400 20-1,500
Minute volume NA Yes Yes Yes
Range, L/min NA 20 maximum 20 maximum 0.08-120
Frequency, bpm NA 4-60 4-60 4-100
Inspiratory flow, L/min NA 1-74 1-74 1-120
IE ratio NA 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 2:1 to 1:8
1:4, 1:5, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1 1:4, 1:5, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1
Inspiratory pause NA Off, 0-20% or 0-30% Off, 0-20% or 0-30% 0-60% Ti
Pressure limit, cm NA 0-100 0-100 12-100
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O NA 3-20 CMV, 3-10 PCV 3-20 CMV, 3-10 PCV 4-30 electronic
Other controls NA Pressure support trigger Pressure support trigger Float-type flowmeters,
(-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6 cm (-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6 cm breath-to-breath tidal
H2O) H2O) volume compensation
System checks NA Auto at start-up Auto at start-up Manual pre-use test,
ventilator self-test
SCAVENGING SYSTEM None Optional passive Optional passive Active, passive, or open
reservoir
AUTO RECORD No Optional data output Data output available Optional using Centricity
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA No Optional data output Data output available Optional using Centricity
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

45
Anesthesia Units

HEALTHCARE
MONITORS
Airway pressure No Yes Yes Yes
Where measured NA Inspiratory port Inspiratory port Inspiratory limb
High-pressure alarm NA Yes Yes Adjustable
Subatmospheric NA Yes Yes Yes
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure NA Yes Yes Yes
alarm
Low pressure/apnea NA Yes Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms NA Disconnect alarm, high Disconnect alarm, high Not specified
PEEP PEEP
Expiratory volume/flow No Yes Yes Yes
Type of sensor NA Hot-wire anemometer Hot-wire anemometer Differential press
Where measured NA Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory port
Rate alarm NA No No No
Apnea alarm NA Yes Yes Yes
Reverse-flow alarm NA No No Yes
High/low minute NA Yes Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow NA No No Yes
Other expiratory NA Low tidal volume Low tidal volume Circuit leak
alarms
O2 concentration No Yes Yes Yes1
Type of sensor NA Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Fuel cell
Response time, sec NA <15 15 <35
CO2 concentration No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Optional Maglife CPlus2
Apnea alarm NA Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes
N2O No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with above
Agent monitors No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with above
Type of agents NA Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, All 5
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane,
desflurane desflurane
Auto ID NA Yes, with optional gas Yes, with optional gas No
module module
Agent concentration NA Yes, with optional gas Yes, with optional gas Yes
alarm module module
ECG No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor 3-lead
Heart rate NA Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor 30-300 bpm
ST segment NA Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor No
Noninvasive BP No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes
Invasive BP No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes
Temperature No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes
Pulse oximeter No Yes, with optional monitor Yes, with optional monitor Yes
Other monitors None None None None
Other features None specified None None ECG gating, wireless
compatible, up to 3 Tesla

model(s). These
onto the next page.

46
Anesthesia Units

HEALTHCARE
DISPLAYS No Yes Yes 7900
Number NA 1 1 13
Type NA EL EL ICE
Integrated NA Yes Yes Yes
Interface with others NA No No RS232 and DIS
DATA INPUT No Touchscreen Touchscreen No
PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Not specified Not specified 3 (caution, advisory,
alarm)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 40 x 27 x 44 153 x 71 x 79 148.9 x 56 x 73 158 x 73.6 x 76
Weight, kg 20 120 95 136
Shelves, cm None 47 x 26.7 (top) 47 x 26.7 top shelf 10.8 x 38.5 x 26
Drawers, cm None 3 total: 18.7 x 21.9 x 44 15 x 19 x 34 31.5 x 26
(top 2); 10.9 x 46.4 x 44
(bottom)
Writing shelf, cm None 91.4 x 42.5 x 34.9 91 x 47 x 48, optional 26.5 x 31.5
extension
Installation Portable Trolley Trolley Mobile with locking
casters (footrest)
POWER REQUIRED, Not specified 120, 220 120, 220 100/120; optional 220/240
VAC
Auxiliary outlets Not specified 4 4 None
BACKUP BATTERY Not specified Yes Yes In ventilator
Type Not specified Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid Lead acid
Use per charge, hr Not specified 0.5 0.5 with ventilator 0.5 maximum load
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified Not specified Not specified $55,000-65,000
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year; 3 years, vaporizer
Service contract Not specified 1-6 years 1-6 years Available
Delivery time, ARO Not specified ~30 days ~30 days 2-6 weeks
OTHER None specified. EZ-FLOW heated EZ-FLOW heated Gauss alarm; vaporizer
SPECIFICATIONS breathing system 35C; breathing system 35C; storage brackets;
adult and pediatric adult and pediatric breathing system/bag
ventilation modes: auto ventilation modes: auto alarms; number of cylinder
compliance compliance yokes and gases; auxiliary
compensation, fresh gas compensation, fresh gas common gas outlet; Bain
decoupling, electronic decoupling, and electronic module; oxygen
PEEP. PEEP. flowmeter; IV poles;
additional shelf;
CastrGard; integrated
suction. Meets
requirements of ASTM
F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS,
and UL.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
2 1
Data Footnotes 1:4 and 1:5 for CMV only. The Datex-Ohmeda Link
25 hypoxic guard
precludes setting hypoxic
O2 flow ratios. 2Datex-
Ohmeda is the U.S.
distributor for the Schilmer
Maglife CPlus MRI-
compatible monitor. 3Plus
up to 3 optional screens
on the S/5 AM.

47
Anesthesia Units

MODEL DATEX-OHMEDA/GE DATEX-OHMEDA/GE DATEX-OHMEDA/GE DATEX-OHMEDA/GE
HEALTHCARE HEALTHCARE HEALTHCARE HEALTHCARE
ADU Carestation Aespire Aespire 7900 Aestiva 7100
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, air, optional N2O) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air); up to 4
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2; optional N2O and 2 (O2 plus air or N2O) 5 (O2, N2O, air, CO2,
air) heliox)
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane,
desflurane desflurane desflurane desflurane
Type Aladin cassette Tec 7 temperature, flow, Tec 7 temperature, flow, Tec 7 temperature, flow,
pressure compensated, pressure compensated, pressure compensated,
EZ Fill EZ Fill EZ Fill
Number 1 2 2 2 or 3
O2 FAIL-SAFE Electronic Pneumatic Pneumatic Pneumatic
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Electronic, includes Mechanical link Mechanical link Mechanical link
FAIL-SAFE agents
AUTOMATIC S/5 ADU 7100 7900 7100
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE 1,400 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL
Type Ascending, standing, Ascending, standing, Ascending, standing, Ascending, standing,
multibreath multibreath multibreath multibreath
Primary controls
Ventilation modes VCV, PCV, SIMV, PSV VCV, optional PCV VCV, PCV, SIMV-PC, VCV, optional PCV
PSVPro, CPAP
Tidal volume Yes 1,500 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL
Range, cc 20-1,400 45-1,500 20-1,500 45-1,500
Range, L/min NA 0.18-65 0.08-120 0.18-65
Frequency, bpm 2-60 4-65 4-100 4-65
Inspiratory flow, L/min 0-120 2-70 1-120 2-70
IE ratio 2:1 to 1:4.5 2:1 to 1:6 2:1 to 1:8 2:1 to 1:6
Inspiratory pause 0-60% Ti 0-60% Ti 0-60% Ti 0-60% Ti
Pressure limit, cm 6-80 12-100 12-100 12-100
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O Off or 4-20 integrated 4-30 electronic 4-30 electronic 4-30 electronic
Other controls Float-type flowmeters, Float-type flowmeters, Float-type flowmeter, Float-type flowmeters,
breath-to-breath tidal breath-to-breath tidal breath-to-breath tidal breath-to-breath tidal
volume compensation volume compensation volume compensation volume compensation
System checks Electronic, semi-automatic Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test,
ventilator self-test ventilator self-test ventilator self-test
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Active, passive, or open Active, passive, or open Active, passive, or open
reservoir reservoir reservoir
AUTO RECORD Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

48
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Where measured Airway, bellows base Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb
High-pressure alarm Adjustable Adjustable Adjustable Adjustable
Subatmospheric Yes Yes Yes Yes
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Yes Yes Yes Yes
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms Pressure release, others Not specified PEEP high PEEP high
Type of sensor Pilot tube Differential press Differential press Differential press
Where measured Airway Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory port
Rate alarm 4-35 adult, 4-50 pediatric No No No
Apnea alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes
Reverse-flow alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes
High/low minute Yes Yes Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow Yes Yes Yes Yes
Other expiratory Compliance, resistance Circuit leak Circuit leak Circuit leak
alarms
O2 concentration Yes Yes1 Yes1 Optional1
Type of sensor Paramagnetic Fuel cell Fuel cell Fuel cell
Response time, sec 10-90% in 5 sec <35 <35 <35
CO2 concentration Optional Optional Optional Optional Ultima or S/5 AM
N2O Yes Yes, with above Yes, with above Yes, with above
Agent monitors Yes Yes, with above Yes, with above Yes, with above
Type of agents All 5, plus mixtures All 5, plus mixture All 5, plus mixture All 5, plus mixture
Auto ID Yes Yes Yes Yes
Agent concentration Separate by agent Yes Yes Yes
alarm
ECG 3-, 5-, or 12-lead 3-, 5-, or 12-lead 3-, 5-, or 12-lead 3-, 5-, or 12-lead
Heart rate 30-250 bpm 30-250 bpm 30-250 bpm 30-250 bpm
ST segment -6 to +6 -6 to +6 -6 to +6 -6 to +6
Noninvasive BP 15 to 260 mm Hg 15 to 260 mm Hg 15 to 260 mm Hg 15 to 260 mm Hg
Invasive BP -40 to 320 mm Hg -40 to 320 mm Hg -40 to 320 mm Hg -40 to 320 mm Hg
Temperature C or F up to 4 C or F up to 4 C or F, up to 4 C or F, up to 4
Pulse oximeter Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda
Other monitors Respiration, NMT1 Respiration, NMT2 Respiration, NMT2 Respiration, NMT2
Other features Trend, printing, Trend, printing, Trend, printing, Trend, printing,
networking available with networking available with networking available with networking available with
S/5 AM monitoring S/5 AM monitoring S/5 AM monitoring S/5 AM monitoring

model(s). These
onto the next page.

49
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes 7100 7900 7100
Number 1-4 each 1 (12 x 9.2 cm [4.7 x 3.6 13 1 (120 x 92 mm)
in])
Type Color LCD LCD monochrome ICE LCD monochrome3
Integrated Two 31.8 cm (12.5") Yes Yes Yes
Interface with others RS232 RS232 RS232 and DIS RS232
DATA INPUT No No No No
PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (caution, advisory, 3 (caution, advisory, 3 (caution, advisory, 3 (caution, advisory,
alarm) alarm) alarm) alarm)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 154 x not specified x not 137 x 72.5 x 73.5 135.8 x 75 x 83 135.8 x 75 x 83
specified
Weight, kg 110-130 108 136 136, 154
Shelves, cm 38.1 x 61 66 x 40 [47.5 : 67.5 : 87.5] x 41 [47.5 : 67.5 : 87.5] x 41
Drawers, cm 14.5 x 48 x 40.5, up to 4 2, each 17.5 x 33 x 26.5 10.5 x 38.5 x 26; optional 10.5 x 38.5 x 26
14.5 x 38.5 x 26
Writing shelf, cm 51 x 35.3 Not specified 31.5 x 26.5 31.5 x 26.5
Installation Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with locking
casters (footrest) casters casters casters (footrest)4
POWER REQUIRED, 110/120; optional 220/240 110/120; optional 220/240 100/120, optional 220/240 110/120; optional 220/240
VAC
Auxiliary outlets Not specified 4 with individual circuit 4 with individual circuit 4 with individual circuit
breakers breakers breakers
BACKUP BATTERY In ventilator and UPS In ventilator In ventilator In ventilator
Type Sealed lead-acid Lead acid Sealed lead-acid Lead acid
Use per charge, hr 0.5 0.5 maximum load 0.5 0.5 maximum load
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price $78,000-98,000 $32,000-35,000 $40,000-55,000 $35,000-45,000
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year; 3 years, vaporizer 1 year
Service contract Available Available Available Available
Delivery time, ARO 3-6 weeks 2-6 weeks 2-6 weeks 2-6 weeks
OTHER 2.5 liter volume in vent 2.7 liter volume in vent 2.7 liter volume in vent 5.5 liter volume in vent
SPECIFICATIONS mode; Aladin cassette mode; vaporizer storage mode; vaporizer storage mode; vaporizer storage
holder; bag hose arm; aux brackets; breathing brackets; breathing bracket; 2- or 3-vaporizer
oxygen; integrated and system/bag alarms; system/bag alarms; configurations; breathing
external lights; IV poles; number of cylinder yokes; number of cylinder yokes system/bag alarms;
CastrGards; mounting; auxiliary common gas, and gases; auxiliary auxiliary common gas
optional suction. Meets oxygen flowmeter, and common gas outlet; outlet; number of cylinder
requirements of ASTM, lights; IV poles; oxygen flowmeter; IV yokes; integrated suction
CSA, EN 740, and UL. CastrGard; integrated poles; CastrGard; and auxiliary oxygen
suction; mountings; 2 integrated suction. Meets flowmeter; Bain module;
vaporizer configurations. requirements of ASTM auxiliary light; IV poles,
Meets requirements of F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS, posts, CastrGards, and
ASTM F180, CSA, EN and UL. mountings. Meets
740, JIS, and UL. requirements of ASTM
F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS,
and UL.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1 1 1 1
Data Footnotes Cardiac output, SvO2, The Datex-Ohmeda Link Available with Datex- The Datex-Ohmeda Link
spirometry, DIS interface 25 hypoxic guard Ohmeda S/5 AM 25 hypoxic guard
to other monitors, EEG. precludes setting hypoxic anesthesia monitoring precludes setting hypoxic
O2 flow ratios. 2Cardiac system. 2Cardiac output, O2 flow ratios. 2Cardiac
output, SvO2, spirometry, SvO2, spirometry, DIS output, SvO2, spirometry,
DIS interface to other interface to other DIS interface to other
monitors, EEG. monitors, EEG. monitors, EEG. 3Plus color
LCD or CRT on the
optional S/5 AM. 4Wall
mounted, pendant.

50
Anesthesia Units

Aestiva 7900 Aestiva Compact Aisys Carestation Avance
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 4 optional (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, air, optional N2O) 3 (O2, air, optional N2O)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES Up to 5 (O2, N2O, air, 4 optional (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2; optional N2O, air) 2 (O2; optional N2O, air)
CO2, heliox)
Type Tec 7 temperature, flow, Tec 7 temperature, flow, Aladin cassette Tec 7 temperature, flow,
pressure compensated, pressure compensated, pressure compensated,
EZ Fill EZ Fill EZ Fill
Number 2 or 3 2 1 2
O2 FAIL-SAFE Pneumatic Pneumatic Electronic Electronic
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Mechanical link Mechanical link Electronic Electronic
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC 7900 7100 7900 7900
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE 1,500 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL
Type Ascending, standing, Ascending, standing, Ascending, standing, Ascending, standing,
multibreath multibreath multibreath multibreath
Primary controls
Ventilation modes VCV, PCV, SIMV-PC, VCV, optional PCV VCV, PCV, SIMV-VC, VCV, PCV, SIMV-VC,
PSVPro, CPAP SIMV-PC, PSVPro, CPAP SIMV-PC, PSVPro, CPAP
Tidal volume 1,500 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL 1,500 mL
Range, cc 20-1,500 45-1,500 20-1,500 20-1,500
Range, L/min 0.08-120 0.18-65 0.08-120 0.08-120
Frequency, bpm 4-100 4-65 4-100 4-100
IE ratio 2:1 to 1:8 2:1 to 1:6 2:1 to 1:8 2:1 to 1:8
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 4-30 electronic 4-30 electronic 4-30 electronic 4-30 electronic
Other controls Float-type flowmeters, Float-type flowmeters, Electronic mixer breath-to- Electronic mixer breath-to-
breath-to-breath tidal breath-to-breath tidal breath tidal volume breath tidal volume
volume compensation volume compensation compensation compensation
System checks Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test, Electronic, semi-automatic Electronic, semi-automatic
ventilator self-test ventilator self-test
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active, passive, or open Active, passive, or open Active, passive, or open Active, passive, or open
reservoir reservoir reservoir reservoir
AUTO RECORD Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity Optional using Centricity
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

51
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Where measured Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb
High-pressure alarm Adjustable Adjustable Adjustable Adjustable
pressure alarm
alarm
Other pressure alarms PEEP high Not specified Not specified Not specified
Type of sensor Differential press Differential press Differential press Differential press
Where measured Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory port
Rate alarm No No No No
volume
Other expiratory Circuit leak Circuit leak Circuit leak Circuit leak
alarms
O2 concentration Yes1 Yes1 Yes1 Yes1
Type of sensor Fuel cell Fuel cell Fuel cell, optional Fuel cell, optional
paramagnetic paramagnetic
Response time, sec <35 <35 <35/breath-to-breath <35/breath to breath
CO2 concentration Optional Optional Optional Optional
N2O Yes, with above Yes, with above Yes, with above Yes, with above
Agent monitors Yes, with above Yes, with above Yes, with above Yes, with abobe
Type of agents All 5, plus mixture All 5, plus mixture All 5, plus mixture All 5, plus mixture
Auto ID Yes Yes Yes Yes
Agent concentration Yes Yes Yes Yes
alarm
ECG 3-, 5-, or 12-lead 3-, 5-, or 12-lead 3-, 5-, or 12-lead 3-, 5-, or 12-lead
Heart rate 30-250 bpm 30-250 bpm 30-250 bpm 30-250 bpm
ST segment -6 to +6 -6 to +6 -6 to +6 -6 to +6
Noninvasive BP 15 to 260 mm Hg 15 to 260 mm Hg 15 to 260 mm Hg 15 to 260 mm Hg
Invasive BP -40 to 320 mm Hg -40 to 320 mm Hg -40 to 320 mm Hg -40 to 320 mm Hg
Temperature C or F, up to 4 C or F, up to 4 C or F up to 4 C or F up to 4
Pulse oximeter Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda Nellcor/Datex-Ohmeda
Other monitors Respiration, NMT2 Respiration, NMT2 Respiration, NMT2 Respiration, NMT2
Other features Trend, printing, Trend, printing, Trend, printing, Trend, printing,
networking available with networking available with networking available with networking available with
S/5 AM monitoring S/5 AM monitoring S/5 AM monitoring S/5 AM monitoring

model(s). These
onto the next page.

52
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS 7900 7100 Not specified Not specified
Number 13 13 One 30.5 cm (12"); One 30.5 cm (12");
optional 30.5 cm (12"), optional 30.5 cm (12"),
38.1 cm (15"), 43.2 (17") 38.1 cm (15"), 43.2 (17")
Type ICE LCD monochrome4 Full color Full color
Integrated Yes Yes Yes Yes
Interface with others RS232 and DIS RS232 and DIS RS232 RS232
DATA INPUT No No Not specified Not specified
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 135.8 x 75 x 83 130.3 x 75 x 83 133.9 x 73.5 x 88.4 134.5 x 72 x 73
Weight, kg 136 136 168 125
Shelves, cm [47.5 : 67.5 : 87.5] x 41 67.5 x 41 55 x 51.6 66 x 40
Drawers, cm 10.5 x 38.5 x 26; opt 14.5 Not specified 10.5 x 37.8 x 37.6 (2), 15 17.5 x 33 x 26.5 (2)
x 38.5 x 26 x 37.8 x 37.6 (1)
Writing shelf, cm 31.5 x 26.5 31.5 x 26.5 28.9 x 36.3 NA
Installation Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with locking
casters casters casters casters
POWER REQUIRED, 100/120; optional 220/240 110/120, optional 220/240 100/120, optional 220/240 100/120, optional 220/240
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 4 with individual circuit 4 with individual circuit 4 with individual circuit 4 with individual circuit
breakers breakers breakers breakers
BACKUP BATTERY In ventilator In ventilator Yes Yes
Type Sealed lead-acid Lead acid Lead acid Lead acid
Use per charge, hr 0.5 maximum load 0.5 maximum load 0.5 maximum load 0.5 maximum load
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price $40,000-57,000 $32,000-35,000 $60,000-85,000 $60,000-75,000
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year; 3 years, vaporizer
Service contract Available Available Available Available
OTHER 5.5 liter volume in vent 5.5 liter volume in vent 2.7 liter volume in vent 2.7 liter volume in vent
SPECIFICATIONS mode; vaporizer storage mode; vaporizer storage mode; vaporizer storage mode; vaporizer storage
bracket; 2 or 3 in-line bracket; breathing brackets; breathing brackets; breathing
vaporizers; breathing system/bag alarms; system/bag alarms; system/bag alarms;
system/bag alarms; auxiliary common gas number of cylinder yokes number of cylinder yokes
auxiliary common gas outlet; number of cylinder and gases; auxiliary and gases; auxiliary
outlet; number of cylinder yokes; Bain module; common gas outlet; common gas outlet;
yokes; integrated suction auxiliary light; IV poles, oxygen flowmeter; IV oxygen flowmeter; IV
and auxiliary oxygen posts, CastrGards, poles; CastrGard; poles; CastrGard;
flowmeter; Bain module; mountings. Meets integrated suction. Meets integrated suction. Meets
auxiliary light; IV poles, requirements of ASTM requirements of ASTM requirements of ASTM
posts, CastrGards, and F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS, F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS, F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS,
mountings. Meets and UL. and UL. and UL.
requirements of ASTM
F180, CSA, EN 740, JIS,
and UL.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1 1 1 1
Data Footnotes The Datex-Ohmeda Link The Datex-Ohmeda Link Available with Datex- Available with Datex-
25 hypoxic guard 25 hypoxic guard Ohmeda S/5 AM Ohmeda S/5 AM
precludes setting hypoxic precludes setting hypoxic anesthesia monitoring anesthesia monitoring
O2 flow ratios. 2Cardiac O2 flow ratios. 2Cardiac system. 2Cardiac output, system. 2Cardiac output,
output, SvO2, spirometry, output, SvO2, spirometry, SvO2, spirometry, DIS SvO2, spirometry, DIS
DIS interface to other DIS interface to other interface to other interface to other
monitors, EEG. 3Plus up monitors, EEG. 3Plus up monitors, EEG. monitors, EEG.
to 3 optional screens on to 3 optional screens on
the S/5 AM. the S/5 AM. 4Plus color
LCD or CRT on the
optional S/5 AM.

53
Anesthesia Units

MODEL DRAEGER MEDICAL DRAEGER MEDICAL DRAEGER MEDICAL DRAEGER MEDICAL
Apollo Fabius CE 3-Gas Version Fabius GS Fabius Tiro
WHERE MARKETED USA Worldwide, except North Worldwide Worldwide
America
FDA CLEARANCE Yes No Yes Yes
CE MARK (MDD) No Yes Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, air, N2O) 2 or 3 (O2, air, optional 3 (O2, air, N2O), 2 3 (O2, air, N2O), 2
N2O) optional (O2, air) optional (O2, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 3 (O2; optional N2O, air) 2 or 4 optional (O2, N2O) 3 (2 O2; air or N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)
Type Variable bypass, Variable bypass, heated Variable bypass, Variable bypass,
removable mount (desflurane) removable mount removable mount
Number 2 or 3 removable 1 or 2 2 or 3 (autoexclusion 1 (removable)
(autoexclusion system) system)
Interlock Yes Yes Yes NA
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Acoustic alarm, N2O lock Yes Yes
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Pneumatic O2 ratio O2 ratio controller O2 ratio controller O2 ratio controller
FAIL-SAFE controller
AUTOMATIC Yes Electronically Yes Yes
VENTILATOR driven/controlled
BELLOWS, SIZE Not specified Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric
Type Piston, 1,400 mL Piston unit Piston, 1,400 mL Piston, 1,400 mL
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual/spontaneous, IPPV, manual, Manual/spontaneous, Manual/spontaneous,
volume, pressure; optional spontaneous, pressure volume; optional pressure, volume; optional pressure,
synchronization on limited pressure support, SIMV pressure support, SIMV
volume and pressure,
pressure support on
volume and pressure, and
pressure support mode
Range, cc 10-1,400 50-1,400 20-1,400 20-1,400
Range, L/min Up to 50 0.3-25 Up to 25 Up to 25
Frequency, bpm 3-80 6-60 4-60 5-60
Inspiratory flow, L/min 0.1-150 75 maximum 5-75 5-75
IE ratio 5:1 to 1:5 1:3 to 2:1 4:1 to 1:4 4:1 to 1:4
Pressure limit, cm 5-70 10-70 mbar, adjustable 5-70 5-70
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 0-15 variable electronic 0-20 0-20
Other controls Pmax (pressure limit), None specified Pmax (pressure limit), Pmax (pressure limit),
slope time Tslope inspiratory flow (pressure inspiratory flow (pressure
(pressure control), control), inspiratory pause control), inspiratory pause
inspiratory pause (Tip:Ti), (Tip:Ti) (Tip:Ti)
pressure support level
(delta Pps)
System checks Manual checklist, fully Pre-use system check Semi-automatic leak and Semi-automatic leak and
automated self test compliance check, self compliance check, self
diagnosis of processor diagnosis of processor
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional active or passive Active AGSS Optional active or passive Optional active or passive
interface interface interface
AUTO RECORD Optional Optional Optional Optional
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional Optional Optional Optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

54
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Piezoresistive Yes Yes
Where measured Expiratory limb Absorber Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb
High-pressure alarm 5-99 cm H2O 5-78 mbar 5-78 mbar 5-78 mbar
Subatmospheric 7 cm H2O Yes -8 cm H2O -8 cm H2O
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Above pressure threshold Yes Above pressure threshold Above pressure threshold
alarm for >15 seconds for >15 seconds for >15 seconds
Low pressure/apnea Below pressure threshold Apnea Below pressure threshold Below pressure threshold
for >15 seconds for >15 seconds for >15 seconds
Other pressure alarms High PEEP, apnea Pressure limitation High PEEP, apnea, low High PEEP, apnea, low
ventilation (in pressure threshold threshold
support), Paw not attained
Expiratory volume/flow Yes, inspiratory data also Yes Yes Yes
available
Type of sensor Hot-wire flow sensor Differential press Hot-wire flow sensor Hot-wire flow sensor
Where measured Expiratory and inspiratory Expiratory port Expiratory limb Expiratory port
limb
Rate alarm No No No No
Apnea alarm Yes; pressure, flow, and Yes Yes Yes
CO2 apnea alarms
available
Reverse-flow alarm No (covered by integrated Yes Yes Yes
patient gas monitoring)
High/low minute Yes Yes Low Low
volume
High/low flow No No No No
Other expiratory Sensor disconnect/fail Sensor inop Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect
alarms (inspiratory and
expiratory)
O2 concentration Yes Inspiratory Yes Yes
Type of sensor Paramagnetic Galvanic cell Dual galvanic cell Dual galvanic cell
Response time, sec <500 msec <25 <25 <25
CO2 concentration Yes Optional No No
Apnea alarm Yes Optional No No
N2O Yes Optional No No
Agent monitors Yes Optional No No
Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflurane, Not specified No No
halothane, isoflurane,
desflurane
Auto ID Yes Not specified No No
Agent concentration Yes Not specified No No
alarm
ECG No Optional No No
Heart rate No Optional No No
ST segment No Optional No No
Noninvasive BP No Optional No No
Invasive BP No Optional No No
Temperature No Optional No No
Pulse oximeter Yes Optional No No
Other monitors None specified None specified None specified None specified
Other features Auxiliary O2 flowmeter, None specified Ventilation waveform, Ventilation waveform,
auxiliary Paw gauge, real- auxiliary O2 flowmeter auxiliary O2 flowmeter
time curves for gas
concentrations1

model(s). These
onto the next page.

55
Anesthesia Units

Number 1 1 1 1
Type TFT color flat panel LCD EL flat panel EL flat panel
Interface with others Yes Yes Yes Yes
DATA INPUT Membrane keys, rotary Rotary knob, softkeys, Membrane keys, rotary Membrane keys, rotary
knob hardkeys knob knob
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 150 x 85 x 80 128 x 96 x 62 130.8 x 89 x 84 136 x 57.9 x 62.7
Weight, kg 165 82 102 111
Shelves, cm 63 x 51 43 x 30 61 x 43; optional pull-out 30 x 36; optional side tray
writing tray
Drawers, cm ~44 x 28 x 14 (2) Not specified (2 or 3) 28 x 43 (3) 30 x 36 (3)
Writing shelf, cm 46 x 33 39 x 27.5 61 x 28 39 x 32
Installation Trolley Mobile, pendant, wall Trolley Trolley, wall
POWER REQUIRED, 100-240 100-240, 50/60 Hz 100-240 100-240
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 2 with automatic circuit No Optional Optional
breakers at 4 A each, 1
outlet for Draeger
desflurane vaporizer at 2
A, outlet for optional
Draeger halogen lamp
Type Sealed lead-acid Lead gel Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid
Use per charge, hr >0.5 1.5 0.75 0.75
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Service contract Yes Yes Yes Yes
Delivery time, ARO 30 days 30 days 30 days 30 days
OTHER Electrically driven Electrically driven Electrically driven Electrically driven
SPECIFICATIONS ventilator; fresh gas ventilator; fresh gas ventilator; fresh gas ventilator; fresh gas
decoupled; compliance decoupled; compact decoupled; compliance decoupled; compliance
compensated; compact breathing system; compensated; compact compensated; compact
breathing system; modular; wall, ceiling, and breathing system; breathing system;
electronic export of fresh trolley mounts; access to electronic export of fresh electronic export of fresh
gas data to an anesthesia ventilator and breathing gas data to an anesthesia gas data to an anesthesia
information system; system for sterilization; information system; information system;
warmed breathing system; military variant with warmed breathing system. warmed breathing system.
integrated gas analyzer. shipping cases available.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1
Data Footnotes Inspiratory and expiratory
values for all measured
gases; trends for all;
measured gases; curve
display for Paw; numerical
display for MEAN, PEAK,
PLAT, PEEP; curve
display for flow
(inspiratory/expiratory);
numerical display for MV,
Vt, rate, MVleak, Cpat;
trends for MV and Cpat;
bar graphs for Vt and
Paw; low-flow wizard;
optional curve display for
SpO2 (plethysmogram);
optional numerical display
for SpO2 and heart rate;
optional trend for SpO2
and pulse; optional p/V-
loop and flow/V-loop.

56
Anesthesia Units

Narkomed 6400 Narkomed GS Narkomed MRI-2 Primus
WHERE MARKETED North America North America Worldwide, except Europe Worldwide, except USA
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes No
CE MARK (MDD) No Yes No Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O), 3 optional 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
(O2, air, N2O)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 3 ([O2, N2O, air] or [CO2, 2 (O2, N2O), 3 (O2, N2O, 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O)
O2, air]) air), 5 maximum optional
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane halothane, isoflurane,
Type Variable bypass, Variable bypass, Variable bypass, fixed Variable bypass,
removable mount removable or fixed mount mount removable mount
Number 2 or 3 (removable) 2 fixed; optional 2 2 fixed 2 removable
removable or 3 fixed
SUCTION SYSTEM Optional, piping included Optional Not specified Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Acoustic alarm, N2O lock
HYPOXIC MIXTURE O2 ratio controller O2 ratio controller O2 ratio controller Electronic O2 ratio
FAIL-SAFE controller
AUTOMATIC Yes Yes Yes Yes
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Not specified Universal
Type Piston Ascending Ascending Piston, 1,400 mL
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual/spontaneous, Manual/spontaneous, Manual/spontaneous, Manual/spontaneous,
volume, pressure support, volume with pressure volume with pressure volume, pressure; optional
SIMV control control synchronization on
volume and pressure,
pressure support on
volume and pressure, and
pressure support mode
Range, cc 10-1,400 20-1,500 20-1,500 10-1,400
Range, L/min Up to 25 Up to 50 Up to 50 Up to 50
Frequency, bpm 3-80 1-99 1-99 3-80
Inspiratory flow, L/min 5-75 10-100 10-100 0.1-150
IE ratio 1:5 to 5:1 1:4.5 to 4:1 1:4.5 to 4:1 >1:10 to 2:1; user sets
inspiratory time
Inspiratory pause 0-60% Ti Adjustable Adjustable 0-60% Ti
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 Off, 2-15 No 0-20
Other controls Pmax (pressure limit), Inspiratory flow Inspiratory flow Volume/pressure control,
inspiratory flow (pressure manual, spontaneous,
control), inspiratory pause SIMV, trigger, ramp time,
(Tip:Ti), SIMV rate optional pressure support
System checks Semi-automatic leak and Manual checklist, Manual checklist, Manual checklist, fully
compliance check, self electronic systems test electronic systems test automated self test
diagnosis of processor
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional active or passive Optional active or passive Optional active or passive Active AGSS
interface interface interface
AUTO RECORD Yes Optional No Optional
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional Optional No Optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

57
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Where measured Inspiratory limb Absorber, Y-piece Absorber, Y-piece Expiratory limb
High-pressure alarm 5-80 mbar 30-120 cm H2O 30-120 cm H2O 5-99 cm H2O
Subatmospheric -10 cm H2O 10 cm H2O 10 cm H2O <-7 cm H2O
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Above pressure threshold Above pressure threshold Above pressure threshold High PEEP, apnea
alarm for >15 seconds for >15 seconds for >15 seconds ventilation (in pressure
Low pressure/apnea Below pressure threshold Below pressure threshold Below pressure threshold High PEEP, apnea
for >15 seconds for >15 seconds for >15 seconds ventilation (in pressure
Other pressure alarms High PEEP, apnea, low High PEEP, apnea, low Apnea, low threshold High PEEP, apnea
threshold threshold ventilation (in pressure
Expiratory volume/flow Yes Yes Yes Yes, inspiratory data also
available
Type of sensor Ultrasonic flow sensor Ultrasonic flow sensor Ultrasonic flow sensor Hot-wire flow sensor
Where measured Expiratory limb Expiratory limb Expiratory limb Expiratory and inspiratory
limb
Rate alarm No Yes Yes No
Apnea alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes; pressure, flow, and
CO2 apnea alarms
available
Reverse-flow alarm Yes Yes Yes No (covered by integrated
patient gas monitoring)
High/low minute Low Low Low Yes
volume
Other expiratory Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect/fail
alarms (inspiratory and
expiratory)
O2 concentration Yes Yes Yes Inspiration/expiration
Type of sensor Dual galvanic cell Dual galvanic cell Dual galvanic cell Galvanic cell, optional
paramagnetic
Response time, sec <25 <25 <25 <0.5
CO2 concentration Yes No No Yes
Apnea alarm Yes No No Yes
N2O Yes No No Yes
Agent monitors Yes No No Yes
Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflurane, No No Sevoflurane, enflurane,
Auto ID Yes No No Yes
Agent concentration Yes No No Yes
alarm
ECG Optional No No No
Heart rate Yes No No No
ST segment Yes No No No
Noninvasive BP Optional No No No
Invasive BP Optional No No No
Temperature Optional No No No
Pulse oximeter Optional No No No
Other monitors CO None None CO, optional 2
temperatures
Other features Lung compliance trend, Ventilation waveform, Ventilation waveform, Auxiliary O2 flowmeter,
datalog, PA wedge auxiliary O2 flowmeter auxiliary O2 flowmeter auxiliary Paw gauge, real-
calculation time curves for gas
concentrations1

model(s). These
onto the next page.

58
Anesthesia Units

Number 1 1 1 1
Type Flat panel color EL flat panel EL flat panel TFT color flat panel
touchscreen (38.1 cm
[15"])
Interface with others Yes Yes Yes Yes
DATA INPUT Rotary knob, touchscreen, Membrane keys Membrane keys Membrane keys, rotary
hardkeys knob
PHYSICAL FEATURES
Weight, kg 227 170 104 115
Shelves, cm 56 x 36 78 x 35 NA Not specified
Drawers, cm 56 x 33 44.5 x 35.5 x 10 (3) NA Not specified (1)
Writing shelf, cm 41 x 31 46 x 20.3 46 x 20.3 Not specified
Installation Trolley Trolley Trolley Mobile, ceiling, wall
POWER REQUIRED, 120 100-120 120 100-240
VAC
Type Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid Lead gel
Use per charge, hr >0.5 >0.5 >0.5 >0.5
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
OTHER Electrically driven None specified. No distance limitations Electrically driven
SPECIFICATIONS ventilator; fresh gas from magnet; up to 3 ventilator; fresh gas
decoupled; compliance Tesla. decoupled; compliance
compensated; compact compensated; compact
breathing system; breathing system;
electronic export of fresh electronic export of fresh
gas data to an anesthesia gas data to an anesthesia
information system; information system;
warmed breathing system; warmed breathing system;
optional integrated patient integrated gas analyzer.
monitoring system.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1
PLAT, PEEP; curve
display for flow
econometer; optional
curve display for SpO2
(plethysmogram); optional
numerical display for
SpO2 and heart rate;
and pulse; optional p/V-
loop and flow/V-loop.

59
Anesthesia Units

MODEL DRAEGER MEDICAL EKU ELEKTRONIK EKU ELEKTRONIK EKU ELEKTRONIK
Zeus ARCUS AREA-CT AREA-CT4
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North
FDA CLEARANCE No No No No
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) with 3, with electronic gas 3, with electronic gas
electronic manometer failure 100% alarm failure 100% alarm
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 3 Optional Optional
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Sevoflurane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
desflurane halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane,
Type Direct injection system Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass
Number 2 removable 1 1 or 2 1 or 2
Interlock Electronic Yes Yes Yes
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Electronic O2 deficiency Electronic O2 deficiency Electronic O2 deficiency
detection detection detection
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Electronic O2 ratio Electronic ratio system, Electronic ratio system Electronic ratio system
FAIL-SAFE controller O2 concentration >25%
AUTOMATIC Yes Optional MAV3 Yes Yes
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Universal Not specified Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric
Type Bag reservoir, 3,000 mL Not specified Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual/spontaneous, Manual Manual, volume/pressure CMV, PCV,
volume mode autoflow controlled manual/spontaneous,
with or without SIMV, MMV, ASB
synchronization, pressure
mode with or without
synchronization;
CPAP/pressure support
Tidal volume Yes Not specified Yes Yes
Range, cc 20-1,500 Not specified 40-1500 20-1,600 (5-350 neonatal
mode)
Minute volume Yes Not specified Yes Yes
Range, L/min Up to 40 Not specified 0-99 0-99
Frequency, bpm 3-80 Not specified 6-60 3-100 (15-150 neonatal
mode)
Inspiratory flow, L/min 180 maximum Not specified 1-80 20-1,600 mL
IE ratio 4:1 to 1:4 Not specified 1:0.5 to 1:4 2:1 to 1:4
Inspiratory pause 20-50% Ti Not specified 5-50% 0-60% Ti
Pressure limit, cm 5-70 Not specified 10-80, adjustable (PEEP + 5) to 80 hPa
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 3-35 Not specified 0-16 variable, electronic 0-20 hPa (integrated)
Other controls Slope time, inspiratory Not specified Electronic flow, EVC, Electronic flow, EVC,
time, trigger, pressure adult/pediatric modes, pediatric and adult modes,
support level auto dose of fresh gas auto dose of fresh gas
flow flow, special neonatal
mode, gas monitoring
integrated in ventilator
System checks Fully automated self Not specified Self-test/control of Self-test/control of
diagnostics with graphical components, circuit components, circuit
help compliance/leakage compliance/leakage
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional active AGSS Exhaust AGSS; optional active AGSS; optional active
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional No No No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

60
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Optional MM1 Peak, plateau Peak, plateau
Where measured Expiratory and inspiratory Gas inlet Gas inlet Gas inlet
limb
High-pressure alarm 5-80 cm H2O Optional MM1 15-78 cm H2O 15-78 cm H2O
Subatmospheric 10 cm H2O Not specified No No
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure High PEEP Optional MM1 Yes Yes
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Not specified Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms High PEEP Optional MM1 Peak, PEEP Peak, PEEP
Expiratory volume/flow Yes Not specified Yes Yes
Type of sensor Hot-wire flow sensor Hot wire Hot wire Hot wire
Where measured Expiratory and inspiratory Circuit, gas outlet Circuit, gas outlet Circuit, gas outlet
limb, Y-piece
Rate alarm No No No Yes
Apnea alarm Yes After 12 sec After 12 sec After 12 sec
Reverse-flow alarm Yes No No Yes
volume
High/low flow No Yes Yes Yes
Other expiratory Sensor disconnect/fail, air Disconnection, unit alerts Disconnection, unit alerts Disconnection, unit alerts
alarms trapping, tube leak
O2 concentration Inspiration/expiration Optional MM1 Yes Yes (integrated in
ventilator)
Type of sensor Paramagnetic Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell (optional
paramagnetic)
Response time, sec <0.5 ~12 ~12 ~12
CO2 concentration Yes Optional MM1 Yes Yes (integrated in
ventilator)
Apnea alarm Yes Optional MM1 After 12 sec Yes
N2O Yes Optional MM1 Yes Yes (integrated in
ventilator)
Agent monitors Yes Optional MM1 Yes Yes (integrated in
ventilator)
Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflurane, Optional MM1 Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
halothane, isoflurane, (sevoflurane, enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane,
desflurane halothane, isoflurane, desflurane desflurane
desflurane)
Auto ID Yes Optional MM1 Optional Optional
Agent concentration Yes Optional MM1 Yes Yes
alarm
ECG Yes Optional MM1 Yes Optional
Heart rate Yes Optional MM1 Yes Optional
ST segment Yes No Yes Optional
Noninvasive BP Yes Optional MM1 Yes Optional
Invasive BP Yes No No No
Temperature Yes No No No
Pulse oximeter Yes Optional MM1 Yes Optional
Other monitors EEG (BIS), NMT Available Respiration Volume, pressure, O2,
CO2, anaesthetic agents,
MAC value
Other features PV loop, alarm information None specified None specified Monitoring is integrated in
with cause and remedy, ventilator
minitrends, programmable
soft keys, user-defined
setups

model(s). These
onto the next page.

61
Anesthesia Units

Number 1-3 1 3 2
Type 15" TFT color flat panel LCD, illuminated LCD LCD, color TFT-LCD
touchscreen touchscreen (16.3 cm
[6.4"]) for ventilator
Interface with others Serial, 2 X network Yes Yes Yes
DATA INPUT Hard keys, rotary knob, ComWheel, membrane ComWheel, membrane ComWheel, membrane
touchscreen switches switches switches
PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (caution, advisory, 4 8 8
alarm)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 70 x 165 x 110 58.4 x 55.9 x 50.8 112 x 65 x 60 130 x 48 x 55
Weight, kg 180 6 65 65
Shelves, cm 60 x 60 NA 42 x 43 42 x 43
Drawers, cm 53 x 30 NA 45 x 46 x 18 (optional) 45 x 46 x 18 (optional)
Writing shelf, cm 35 x 30 x 10 NA 41 x 43 (optional) 41 x 43 (optional)
Installation Mobile, ceiling Mobile (portable) Mobile (trolley) Mobile (trolley)
POWER REQUIRED, 100-240 115/230 115/230 115/230
VAC
Type Lead-acid gel Rechargeable Rechargeable Rechargeable
Use per charge, hr >0.5 4 4 4
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Warranty 1 year 2 years 2 years 2 years
Service contract Yes Optional Optional Optional
Delivery time, ARO 30 days 3-4 weeks 3-4 weeks 3-4 weeks
OTHER Electrically driven turbine Portable; built-in flight Electronic gas mixer; Electronic gas mixer;
SPECIFICATIONS ventilator with circle flow; cases; optional stand- small circuit system for small circuit system for
fresh gas decoupled; alone ventilator and low anesthesia; leakage low anesthesia; also
compliance compensated; monitoring (also available test; electronic supervision leakage test; electronic
compact breathing in flight cases). of pressure supply with supervision of pressure
system; electronic export display and alarm supply with display and
of all gas delivering data; function. alarm function; electronic
closed system; feedback anesthesia record can be
control for FiO2 and attached to this system;
anesthetic agent; direct other manufacturer's
injection of volatile agent; monitors can be used with
full remote control of IV this system.
pumps; 360 pivotable,
height adjustable and
tiltable screens; central
brake.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1
PLAT, PEEP; curve
display for flow
econometer; optional
curve display for SpO2
(plethysmogram); optional
numerical display for
SpO2 and heart rate;
and pulse; optional loops
(p/V-loop and flow/V-
loop).

62
Anesthesia Units

MODEL EKU ELEKTRONIK EKU ELEKTRONIK F STEPHAN F STEPHAN
TANGENS 2C TANGENS M AKZENT ARTEC : PORTEC
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA
America America
FDA CLEARANCE No No Not specified Not specified
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3, with electronic gas 3, with electronic gas 5 (2 O2, 2 N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
failure 100% alarm failure 100% alarm
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 2 2 optional (O2, N2O) 2 optional (O2, N2O) : 2
(O2, N2O)
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane,
desflurane desflurane desflurane desflurane1
Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass, Variable bypass,
temperature compensated temperature compensated
Number 2 2 2 2:1
SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Yes Yes Yes : Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Electronic O2 deficiency Electronic O2 deficiency Audible alarm with N2O Audible alarm with N2O
detection detection cutoff cutoff
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Electronic ratio system Electronic ratio system, Ratio system, minimum Ratio system, minimum
FAIL-SAFE O2 concentration >25% 25% O2 25% O2
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric All Adult, optional pediatric
Type Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle Bellows in bottle Bellows in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes CMV, PCV, Manual, volume/pressure VCV, PCV, SIMV CMV, SCMV, PVC, IMV,
manual/spontaneous, controlled SPVC, IPPV, CPAP
SIMV, MMV, ASB
Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes1 Yes
Range, cc 20-1,600 (5-350 neonatal 40-1,500 70-1,500 (10-70 optional) 0-1,500; 0-400 pediatric
mode)
Range, L/min 0-99 0-99 0.2-45 0.5-45
Frequency, bpm 3-100 (15-150 neonatal 6-60 5-80 6-60
mode)
Inspiratory flow, L/min 20-1,600 mL 1-80 80 maximum 4-100
IE ratio 2:1 to 1:4 1:0.5 to 1:4 1:0.2 to 1:5 in steps of 0.1 1:4 to 2:1
Inspiratory pause 0-60% Ti 5-50% No No
Pressure limit, cm (PEEP + 5) to 80 hPa 10-80, adjustable 70 mbar, spontaneous 70 mbar, spontaneous
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 hPa (integrated) 0-16 variable, electronic 0-20 0-12 mbar variable
Other controls Electronic flow, EVC, Electronic flow, EVC, Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter
pediatric and adult modes, adult/pediatric modes,
auto dose of fresh gas self-test/control of
flow, special neonatal components1
mode, complete
monitoring integrated in
one screen
System checks Self-test/control of Circuit compliance2 Electronic self diagnosis Electronic system check
components, circuit including leak test of ventilator
compliance/leakage
SCAVENGING SYSTEM AGSS; optional active Vacuum/exhaust; optional Yes Yes
active
AUTO RECORD Yes No No No
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Yes No No No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

63
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Peak, plateau Peak, plateau Yes Yes
Where measured Gas inlet Gas inlet Inspiratory/expiratory limb Expiratory limb, gas inlet
High-pressure alarm 15-78 cm H2O 15-78 cm H2O Yes Yes
Subatmospheric No No No No
pressure alarm
alarm
Other pressure alarms Peak, PEEP Peak, PEEP PEEP, Pmean None
Type of sensor Hot wire Hot wire Pneumotachograph Heated wire anemometer
Where measured Circuit, gas outlet Expiratory valve Inspiratory/expiratory limb Expiratory
Rate alarm Yes No No Yes
Apnea alarm After 12 sec After 12 sec Yes Yes
Reverse-flow alarm Yes No No No
volume
Other expiratory Disconnection, unit alerts Disconnection, unit alerts No No
alarms
Type of sensor Galvanic cell (optional Galvanic cell Paramagnetic or Electrochemical
paramagnetic) electrochemical
Response time, sec ~12 ~12 Not specified ~1
CO2 concentration Yes Yes Optional External optional
Apnea alarm Yes After 12 seconds Yes Yes
N2O Yes Yes Optional External optional
Agent monitors Yes Yes Optional External optional
Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, desflurane, halothane, desflurane,
desflurane desflurane isoflurane isoflurane
Auto ID Optional Optional Optional No
Agent concentration Yes Yes Yes Yes
alarm
ECG Yes Yes External optional External optional
Heart rate Yes Yes External optional External optional
ST segment Yes Yes No No
Noninvasive BP Yes Yes External optional External optional
Invasive BP Yes No External optional External optional
Temperature Yes No External optional External optional
Pulse oximeter Yes Yes External optional External optional
Other monitors MAC value Respiration None specified Respiratory function
(external)
Other features Electronic gas mixer, None specified Leakage compensation in None specified
ventilator and monitoring VCV, compliance
all integrated in one compensated
screen

model(s). These
onto the next page.

64
Anesthesia Units

Number 1 3 1 3
Type Color TFT-display screen LCD with backlight, LED EL (15.2 cm [6"]) LED
touchscreen (38.1 cm
[15"])
Interface with others Yes To panel PC (38.1 cm RS232 No
[15"])
DATA INPUT Touch-screen or ComWheel, membrane Turn/push button Knobs
ComWheel, membrane switches
PRIORITIZED ALARMS 8 8 Yes No
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 160 x 56 x 50 147 x 65 x 65 77 (140 with trolley) x 74 x 140 x 60 x 75 : 121 x 50 x
24 55
Weight, kg 75 90 60 85 : Not specified
Shelves, cm 42 x 43 42 x 43 Optional 52 x 30 (1) : 48 x 35 (1)
Drawers, cm 45 x 46 x 18 45 x 46 x 18 Optional 20 x 38 x 31 41 x 50 (3) : 41 x 40 (3)
Writing shelf, cm 41 x 43 41 x 31 Optional 47 x 37 45 x 32 (1) : No
Installation Mobile (trolley, wall, Mobile (trolley, wall, Mobile on trolley, wall Mobile, wall mounted
ceiling) ceiling) mounted
POWER REQUIRED, 115/230 115/230 90-260 230
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 4 4 4 4 : No
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes Optional
Type Rechargeable Rechargeable Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid
Use per charge, hr 4 4 0.5 45 min
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Warranty 2 years 2 years 2 years 2 years
Service contract Optional Optional Offer on request Offer on request
Delivery time, ARO 3-4 weeks 3-4 weeks Not specified 30 days
OTHER 38.1 cm (15") color Optional display with 38.1 None specified. ARTEC has optional
SPECIFICATIONS touchscreen with folding cm (15") monitor. integrated O2 and
arm can be put in any compressed-air generator
required position; 1 screen with internal suction
for all operation tasks; system, scavenging
neonatal ventilation mode system, and automatic
available; alarm system; change to reserve
only three levels in user cylinders; both have
interface (main screen, Ghost certificates.
setting alarms, menu);
electronic anesthesia
record can be attached to
this system; interface with
other monitors available;
TIVA syringe pumps can
be connected; TIVA-
Values can be displayed
at the central screen.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1 1 1 1
Data Footnotes Also electronic gas mixer Also electronic gas mixer Fresh gas compensated. Desflurane is an optional
for automatic dosage, for automatic dosage, agent for use with the
fresh gas flow, O2 fresh gas flow, O2 PORTEC.
concentration, automatic concentration, automatic
altitude correction. 2Also altitude correction. 2Also
leakage test, electronic leakage test, electronic
supervision of pressure supervision of pressure
supply with display and supply with display and
alarm function. alarm function.

65
Anesthesia Units

MODEL HEINEN + HEINEN + HEINEN + HEINEN +
LOEWENSTEIN LOEWENSTEIN LOEWENSTEIN LOEWENSTEIN
Leon Plus Sinus Sinus TR Tizian M
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North
America America America America
CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Yes Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O), optional 3 3 (O2, N2O, air)
(O2, N2O, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) No No 2 (O2, N2O); 4 optional
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane,
enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane, enflurane, desflurane,
sevoflurane sevoflurane sevoflurane sevoflurane
Type Variable bypass, fully Variable bypass, fully Variable bypass, fully Variable bypass, fully
compensated compensated compensated compensated
Number 2 1 1 2
Interlock Yes NA NA Yes
SUCTION SYSTEM Yes Optional Optional Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Visual and audible alarm Audible alarm with N2O Audible alarm with N2O Audible alarm with N2O
with N2O shutoff shutoff shutoff shutoff
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Electronic ratio system = Ratio system = 25% O2 in Ratio system, 25% O2 in Ratio system, 25% O2 in
FAIL-SAFE 25% O2 in fresh gas fresh gas fresh gas fresh gas
AUTOMATIC Yes Yes No Yes
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric None Adult/pediatric
Type Descending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle NA Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual/spontaneous, Manual/spontaneous, NA Manual/spontaneous,
IMV, PCV, SIMV, S-PCV, IMV, PCV IMV, PCV
PSV (assist)
Tidal volume Yes Yes NA Yes
Range, cc 20-1,600 40-1,600 NA 40-1,600
Minute volume No No NA Yes
Range, L/min 1-25 1-25 NA 1-25
Frequency, bpm 4-80 6-60 NA 6-60
Inspiratory flow, L/min 120 maximum 80 maximum NA 80 maximum
IE ratio 4:1 to 1:4 2:1 to 1:4 NA 2:1 to 1:4
Inspiratory pause 0-80% Ti 0-50% Ti NA 0-50% Ti
Pressure limit, cm 10-80 mbar 10-80 mbar NA 10-80 mbar
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O Off, 4-20 Off, optional 4-16 NA Off, optional 4-16
Other controls Adjustable pressure Adjustable pressure NA Adjustable pressure
limitation limitation, EVC (function limitation, EVC
for fresh gas
compensation)
System checks Leak, self-verification Leak, self-verification tests NA Leak, self-verification tests
tests, tightness,
compliance
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Passive AGSS; optional Passive AGSS; optional Passive AGSS; optional Passive AGSS; optional
active active active active
AUTO RECORD Logfile External optional External optional External optional
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA External optional External optional External optional External optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

66
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Where measured Inspiratory patient port Inspiratory patient port Inspiratory patient port Inspiratory patient port
High-pressure alarm 10-85 cm H2O 15-85 cm H2O No 15-85 cm H2O
Subatmospheric Yes No No No
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Yes 1-60 cm H2O No 1-60 cm H2O
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes External optional Yes
Other pressure alarms Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Expiratory volume/flow Flow, volume Volume Volume Volume
Type of sensor Hot wire Hot wire, optional Mechanical, optional hot Hot wire, optional
mechanical wire mechanical
Where measured Inspiratory, expiratory flow Expiratory valve Expiratory valve Expiratory valve
sensor
Rate alarm No External optional External optional External optional
Apnea alarm Yes Yes External optional Yes
High/low minute Yes No Not specified Yes
volume
High/low flow No Yes Not specified Yes
Other expiratory Vte No No No
alarms
O2 concentration Yes External optional External optional Optional
Type of sensor Fuel cell or paramagnetic Fuel cell or paramagnetic Fuel cell or paramagnetic Fuel cell
Response time, sec 0.25-0.35 12 12 12
CO2 concentration Yes External optional External optional External optional
Apnea alarm Yes External optional External optional External optional
N2O Yes External optional External optional External optional
Agent monitors Yes External optional External optional Optional
Type of agents All 5 gases All 5 gases All 5 gases All 5 gases
Auto ID Yes No No No
Agent concentration Yes External optional External optional Optional
alarm
ECG External optional External optional External optional External optional
Heart rate External optional External optional External optional External optional
ST segment External optional External optional External optional External optional
Noninvasive BP External optional External optional External optional External optional
Invasive BP External optional External optional External optional External optional
Temperature External optional External optional External optional External optional
Pulse oximeter External optional External optional External optional External optional
Other monitors 4 real-time graphics None None None
Other features Loops, MAC, compliance, None None None
resistance

model(s). These
onto the next page.

67
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes Yes No Yes
Number 1 8 NA 11 (with options, 17)
Type TFT touchscreen 38.1 cm LED NA LED
(15")
Integrated Yes Yes NA Yes
Interface with others 2 RS232, 1 ETH External optional NA External optional
DATA INPUT Touchscreen, encoder Push button, wheel, knobs NA Push button, wheel, knobs
wheel, touchpanel
PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes Not specified No Yes
PHYSICAL FEATURES
Weight, kg 135 70 22 110
Shelves, cm 60 x 30 50 x 40 Optional 27 x 61
Drawers, cm 25 x 24 x 8 (3) 13 x 45 x 36 Optional 57 x 60 (3)
Writing shelf, cm 25 x 32 29 x 39 No 42 x 57
Installation Mobile, wall Mobile (standard), wall Wall (standard), mobile, Mobile
pendant
POWER REQUIRED, 100-240 115-230 No 115-230
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 4 Optional No Optional
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes No Yes
Type Lead gel Lead gel NA Lead gel
Use per charge, hr 1 0.25 NA 0.25
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified Not specified $5,000-15,500 $8,000-25,000
Service contract Optional Optional Optional Optional
OTHER Alternative gas supply per Alternative gas supply per Alternative gas supply per Alternative gas supply per
SPECIFICATIONS end-user requirements; end-user requirements; end-user requirements; end-user requirements;
air/N2O selection valve; air/N2O selection valve; air/N2O selection valve; air/N2O selection valve;
low flow-ratio system; low flow-ratio system. low flow-ratio system. low flow-ratio system;
alternative integrated alternative integrated
monitor configuration per monitor configuration per
end-user requirements. end-user requirements.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

68
Anesthesia Units

MODEL HEYER MEDICAL HEYER MEDICAL INTERMED INTERMED
MODULAR + NARKOMAT + Inter Linea A Inter Linea C
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA Worldwide Worldwide
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 optional (O2, N2O) 2 optional (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) 1 (O2)
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane,
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, enflurane, servoflurane enflurane, servoflurane
Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Calibrated (temperature, Calibrated (temperature,
flow, pressure) flow, pressure)
Number 2 2 2 1
Interlock Yes Yes Yes NA
SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional No No
O2 FAIL-SAFE Acoustic with N2O shutoff Acoustic with N2O shutoff Yes Yes
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Ratio system, >25% O2 Ratio system, >25% O2 Yes Yes
FAIL-SAFE
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE 1 for all patients 1 for all patients Adult/pediatric/neonate Adult/pediatric
Type Descending, bag in bottle Descending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual/spontaneous, Manual, spontaneous, VCV-SIMV, PCV-SIMV, VCV-SIMV, PCV-SIMV,
CMV, PCV CMV, PCV, S-CMV spontaneous spontaneous
Range, cc 20-1,400 20-1,400 10-1,500 10-1,500
Minute volume Yes Yes Yes, indirect Yes, indirect
Range, L/min 0-20 0-20 NA NA
Frequency, bpm 4-60 4-60 1-120 1-120
IE ratio 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:0.3 to 1:99 1:0.3 to 1:99
1:4, 1:5, 2:1, 3:1 1:4, 1:5, 2:1, 3:1
Inspiratory pause Yes Yes Yes Yes
Pressure limit, cm 12-80, adjustable 12-80, adjustable 5-80, adjustable 5-80, adjustable
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-15 0-15 0-50 electronic 0-50 electronic
Other controls Plateau (end inspiratory), Plateau (end inspiration), Pressure support, sigh, Pressure support, sigh,
20% or 30% of inspiratory, 20% or 30% of inspiratory, manual cycle, inspiratory manual cycle, inspiratory
volume- constant expiratory pause 30 sec hold, standby, 100% hold, standby, 100%
ventilation, O2 flush maximum, volume- oxygen flush oxygen flush
constant ventilation, O2
flush
System checks Automatic at startup Automatic at startup None specified None specified
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional Optional Active or passive Yes
AUTO RECORD External optional External optional Up to 24 hours optional Up to 24 hours optional
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA External optional External optional Not specified Not specified
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

69
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Where measured Inspiratory side Inspiratory side Inspiratory branch Inspiratory branch
High-pressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes
Subatmospheric Yes (pressure-relief valve Yes (pressure-relief valve Not specified Not specified
pressure alarm included) included)
alarm
Other pressure alarms Yes Yes High PEEP High PEEP
Type of sensor Hot wire Hot wire Pneumotachograph Pneumotachograph
Where measured Expiratory valve Expiratory valve Y-piece Y-piece
Rate alarm Yes Yes No No
High/low minute Low minute volume Low minute volume Low Low
volume
Other expiratory Yes Yes Not specified Not specified
alarms
Type of sensor Galvanic cell Paramagnetic Galvanic cell Galvanic cell
Response time, sec Not specified Not specified <25 <25
CO2 concentration External optional Yes Optional Optional
N2O External optional Yes Optional Optional
Agent monitors External optional Yes Optional Optional
Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Isoflurane, halothane, Isoflurane, halothane,
halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, enflurane, servoflurane enflurane, servoflurane
Auto ID No Yes Yes Optional
Agent concentration External optional Yes Optional Optional
alarm
ECG External optional External optional No No
Heart rate External optional External optional No No
ST segment External optional External optional No No
Noninvasive BP External optional External optional No No
Invasive BP External optional External optional No No
Temperature External optional External optional No No
Pulse oximeter External optional External optional No No
Other monitors None specified None specified Airway resistance, Airway resistance,
respiratory system respiratory system
compliance compliance
Other features None None specified Trends, computer Trends, computer
interface interface

model(s). These
onto the next page.

70
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes Yes Optional Optional
Number 1 1 1 1
Type Color LCD, EL Color TFT Mono; color STN/TFT Mono; color STN/TFT
Interface with others Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
DATA INPUT Touchscreen Rotary knob, hotkeys Membrane switches, Membrane switches,
ComWheel ComWheel
warning) warning) warning) warning)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 153 x 69 x 74 154 x 91.5 x 79.5 158 x 70 x 75 141 x 52.5 x 60
Weight, kg ~95 170 135 102
Shelves, cm Not specified Not specified 50 x 35 30 x 25
Drawers, cm Not specified (2) Not specified (2) 14 x 35 x 35 (2) 11 x 35 x 35 (2)
Writing shelf, cm Yes Yes 35 x 35 32 x 32
Installation Mobile, wall mount Mobile Mobile Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, 120, 60 Hz; 230, 50 Hz 120/230, 50/60 Hz 110-240 110-240
VAC
Auxiliary outlets O2 Optional No No
Type Lead gel Lead gel Rechargeable Rechargeable
Use per charge, hr 0.5 0.5 Up to 2 Up to 2
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified Not specified 17,000 (US$20,000) with 14,000 (US$17,500) with
monitor monitor
Warranty 2 years 2 years 2 years 2 years
Service contract Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
Delivery time, ARO 6 weeks 6 weeks 1 month 1 month
OTHER Patient circuit: integrated Patient circuit: integrated Illuminated flowmeter. Illuminated flowmeter.
SPECIFICATIONS compact bloc-heating compact bloc-heating
device to avoid device to avoid
condensation; 65 condensation; low- and
pivoting; low- and minimal-flow ability;
minimal-flow ability; automatic compensation
automatic compensation for patient system
for patient system compliance; fresh-gas
compliance; fresh-gas decoupling; automatic Vt
decoupling; automatic Vt constant.
constant.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

71
Anesthesia Units

MODEL KIMURA MEDEC MEDEC NORMECA
Siesta-21ps Neptune Saturn Evo MP-1 : MP-2
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except North
America
CE MARK (MDD) No Yes Yes No
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) Draw-over : 2 (O2, N2O)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 2 optional (O2, N2O) 2 optional (O2, N2O) No
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Halothane, isoflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane, Halothane, enflurane,
enflurane, sevoflurane halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, trilene, isoflurane
Type Cap screw or key filler Not specified Not specified Variable bypass
Number 2 2 3 1
Interlock No Yes Yes No
SUCTION SYSTEM Not specified Yes Yes No
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Electronic and pneumatic Electronic and pneumatic No
alarm system alarm system
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Minimum 30% O2 Yes Yes No
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC Yes; optional not built-in Yes Yes No
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Not specified One for neonate to adult One for neonate to adult NA
Type Electrically driven Horizontal bag in bottle Horizontal bag in bottle NA
Primary controls
Ventilation modes CMV, assisted CMV CMV, manual, CMV, manual, NA
spontaneous, PCV spontaneous, PCV
Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes NA
Range, cc 100-990 mL 10-1,600 mL 10-1,600 mL NA
Minute volume Not specified Yes Yes NA
Range, L/min Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Frequency, bpm 6-40 4-80 4-80 NA
Inspiratory flow, L/min Not specified Automatic Automatic NA
IE ratio 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, NA
1:5 1:5, 1:6, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 1:5, 1:6, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1
Inspiratory pause 5% inspiratory time 0-50% 0-50% NA
Pressure limit, cm 70, safety relief 7-99 mbar, adjustable 7-99 mbar, adjustable NA
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O NA 0-20 cm H2O adjustable, 0-20 cm H2O adjustable, NA
electronic PEEP electronic PEEP
Other controls None specified Auto self-test, full Auto self-test, full NA
test/maintenance test/maintenance
programs programs
System checks Overload, over range Leaks, resistance, Leaks, resistance, NA
preset, CPU observation compliance compliance
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional vacuum or Vacuum or active Vacuum or active No
exhaust
AUTO RECORD No Optional Optional No
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Not specified Optional Optional No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

72
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Yes Yes No
Where measured Circuit Patient circuit Patient circuit NA
High-pressure alarm Yes 7-99 cm H2O 7-99 cm H2O NA
Subatmospheric No Not specified Not specified NA
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure No Yes Yes NA
alarm
Low pressure/apnea No Yes Yes NA
Other pressure alarms Low pressure, electric Not specified Not specified NA
failure alarm
Expiratory volume/flow No Yes Yes No
Type of sensor NA Electronic Electronic NA
Where measured NA Circuit Circuit NA
Rate alarm NA Yes Yes NA
Apnea alarm NA Yes Yes NA
Reverse-flow alarm NA Yes Yes NA
High/low minute NA Yes Yes NA
volume
High/low flow NA Yes Yes NA
Other expiratory NA Leakage Leakage NA
alarms
O2 concentration Yes Yes Yes No
Type of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell NA
Response time, sec 12 (90%) Optional Optional NA
CO2 concentration 0-100% alarm range Optional Optional No
Apnea alarm No Yes Yes NA
N2O No Optional Optional No
Agent monitors No Optional Optional No
Type of agents NA Optional Optional NA
Auto ID NA Optional Optional NA
Agent concentration NA Optional Optional NA
alarm
ECG No Optional Optional No
Heart rate NA Optional Optional NA
ST segment NA Optional Optional NA
Noninvasive BP No Optional Optional No
Invasive BP No Optional Optional No
Temperature No Optional Optional No
Pulse oximeter No Optional Optional No
Other monitors None specified Optional Optional None
Other features Optional infant circle None specified None specified None specified
absorber

model(s). These
onto the next page.

73
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes No
Number Not specified 1 1 NA
Type Proximal airway pressure QVGA Color touchscreen NA
monitor (analog); O2
concentration, tidal
volume, breath rate
(digital)
Integrated Not specified Yes Yes NA
Interface with others Not specified No No NA
DATA INPUT No Knobs, keyboard Knobs, keyboard, No
touchscreen
PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Yes Yes No
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 131 x 54 x 66 144 x 60 x 70 158 x 65 x 80 43 x 35.5 x 24.5
Weight, kg 60 100 140 6.6 : 10.8
Shelves, cm 47 x 37 tabletop, 53 x 30 Not specified (1) Not specified (1) None : 19 x 36 (1)
monitor
Drawers, cm 15 x 44 x 35 Not specified (3) Not specified (3) None
Writing shelf, cm Tabletop Not specified (1) Not specified (1) None
Installation Manual Mobile on wheels Mobile on wheels Not specified
POWER REQUIRED, 110/220 100-240, 50-60 Hz 100-240, 50-60 Hz NA (pneumatic)
VAC
Auxiliary outlets Not specified Optional 4 NA
BACKUP BATTERY NA Yes Yes NA (pneumatic)
Type NA Lead acid Lead acid NA
Use per charge, hr NA 2 4 NA
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Y1,100,000 (US $9,800); Not specified Not specified Not specified
Y690,000 (US$6,100)
optional ventilator
Service contract Not specified Optional Optional At variable cost
Delivery time, ARO ~50 days 4-6 weeks 4-6 weeks 4-8 weeks
OTHER Clear hard acrylic cover None specified. None specified. Specially designed for use
SPECIFICATIONS (up-close/down-open in field hospitals and
sliding type) protects front similar locations; MP-1 is
control panel of ventilator; a basic draw-over
heavyduty steel finished machine; MP-2 includes
chassis; 2-tone color; bypass valve and
footrest; antistatic casters; rotameter box.
stainless steel tabletop;
monitor shelf.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

74
Anesthesia Units

MODEL NORMECA PENLON PENLON PENLON
MP-3 SP101 SP101R Rail Model SP102
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except North Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide
America
FDA CLEARANCE No Submitted Submitted Submitted
CE MARK (MDD) No Yes Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2, 3, or 4 (O2, N2O, air, 2, 3, or 4 (O2, N2O, air, 2, 3, or 4 (O2, N2O, air,
CO2) CO2) CO2)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES No 3 maximum 2 maximum, separate rack 4 maximum
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Halothane, enflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane,
trilene, isoflurane isoflurane, enflurane isoflurane, enflurane isoflurane, enflurane
Type Variable bypass Plenum Plenum Plenum
Number 1 1 1 2
Interlock No Yes Yes Yes
SUCTION SYSTEM Yes Optional Optional Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE No Yes Yes Yes
HYPOXIC MIXTURE No Integrated mechanical, Integrated mechanical, Integrated mechanical,
FAIL-SAFE paramagnetic, fuel cell paramagnetic, fuel cell paramagnetic, fuel cell
AUTOMATIC Yes Optional integrated AV-S1 Integrated AV800/9001 Optional integrated
VENTILATOR AV800/9001
Type Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending Ascending Ascending
Primary controls Control knob and
touchscreen
Ventilation modes CMV Standby, Volume, Standby, volume, Standby, volume,
Pressure, Spontaneous, spontaneous pressure spontaneous pressure
SIMV, SMMV, Pressure
Support
Range, cc 50-1,500 20-1,600 (adult)2 20-1,600 (adult)2 20-1,600 (adult)2
Minute volume No No No No
Range, L/min NA NA NA NA
Frequency, bpm 6-40 4-100 4-100 4-100
Inspiratory flow, L/min 0-50 NA NA NA
IE ratio 1:2 1:0.3 to 1:8 1:0.3 to 1:8 1:0.3 to 1:8
Inspiratory pause Not specified 25% Ti 25% Ti 25% Ti
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O Optional 0-20 4-30 4-30 4-30
Other controls Float-type flowmeter Print button, spirometry, Standby, spontaneous Standby, print button,
oxygen monitor, freeze mode, print button, spirometry, oxygen
waveform spirometry, oxygen monitor
monitor
System checks None Ventilator self-test Ventilator self-test Ventilator self-test
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional Optional vacuum or Optional vacuum or Optional vacuum or
exhaust exhaust exhaust
AUTO RECORD No No No No
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA No Optional Optional Optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

75
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure No Yes Yes Yes
Where measured NA Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb
High-pressure alarm NA Variable Variable Variable
Subatmospheric NA Yes Yes Yes
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure NA Yes Yes Yes
alarm
Low pressure/apnea NA Yes Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms NA See footnote3 See footnote3 See footnote3
Expiratory volume/flow No Yes Yes Yes
Type of sensor NA Differential press Differential press Differential press
Where measured NA In circle In circle In circle
Rate alarm NA No No No
Apnea alarm NA Yes Yes Yes
Reverse-flow alarm NA Yes Yes Yes
High/low minute NA Yes Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow NA Yes Yes Yes
Other expiratory NA No No No
alarms
O2 concentration No Integrated Integrated Integrated
Type of sensor NA Fuel cell Paramagnetic, fuel cell Paramagnetic, fuel cell
Response time, sec NA 20 to 95% FSD 10-20 10-20
CO2 concentration No No No No
Apnea alarm NA Yes NA NA
N2O No No No No
Agent monitors No No No No
Type of agents NA NA NA NA
Auto ID NA NA NA NA
Agent concentration NA NA NA NA
alarm
ECG No Not specified Not specified Not specified
Heart rate NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
ST segment NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
Noninvasive BP No Not specified Not specified Not specified
Invasive BP No Not specified Not specified Not specified
Temperature No Not specified Not specified Not specified
Pulse oximeter No Not specified Not specified Not specified
Other monitors None None specified None specified None specified
Other features None specified MRI compatible MRI compatible MRI compatible

model(s). These
onto the next page.

76
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS No AV900 AV900 AV900
Number NA 2 2 1
Type NA LED LED EL touchscreen
Integrated NA Modular Modular Yes
Interface with others NA Spacelabs, Agilent Spacelabs, Agilent Spacelabs, Agilent
PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Yes Yes Yes
PHYSICAL FEATURES
Weight, kg 16 70 35 75
Shelves, cm 25 x 43 (1) 48 x 40, 45 x 37 None 61 x 40, 61 x 37
Drawers, cm None 15 x 38 x 43 (3 maximum) None 15 x 38 x 43 (3 maximum)
Writing shelf, cm None 22 x 30 (1) None 22 x 30 (1)
Installation Not specified Mobile Wall-mounted rail Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, 230 110/240, universal power Not specified 110/240, universal power
VAC supply supply
Auxiliary outlets None 4 None 4
BACKUP BATTERY No Yes Yes Yes
Type NA Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid
Use per charge, hr NA 0.5 0.5 0.5
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified 6,000-18,000 6,000-18,000 6,000-18,000
(US$9,537-28,611) (US$9,537-28,611) (US$9,537-28,611)
Service contract At variable cost Yes Yes Yes
OTHER Specially designed for use Modular system with Modular system with Modular system with
SPECIFICATIONS in field hospitals and monitoring options; monitoring options; monitoring options;
similar locations; includes options include vaporizer, options include vaporizer, options include vaporizer,
bypass valve, rotameter A100 absorber, coaxial A100 absorber, coaxial A100 absorber, coaxial
box, ventilator, bag in circuits, IV pole, cable circuits, IV pole, cable circuits, IV pole, cable
bottle, and suction unit. management system, management system, management system,
suction regulator, and suction regulator, and suction regulator, and
receivers. Meets receivers. Meets receivers. Meets
requirements of BS, CSA, requirements of BS, CSA, requirements of BS, CSA,
DIN, ISO, JIS, and TUV. DIN, ISO, JIS, and TUV. DIN, ISO, JIS, and TUV.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1 1 1
Data Footnotes Latex-free and Latex-free and Latex-free and
autoclavable. 2Fresh gas autoclavable. 2Fresh gas autoclavable. 2Fresh gas
compensated. 4Pressure compensated. 3Pressure compensated. 3Pressure
versus time display, versus time display, versus time display,
volume versus time volume versus time volume versus time
display, compliance loop. display, compliance loop. display, compliance loop.

77
Anesthesia Units

MODEL PENLON PENLON PNEUPAC PNEUPAC
SP102 Rail Model SP102P Pendant Model 110 330 : 550
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA
FDA CLEARANCE Submitted Submitted No No
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 2, 3, or 4 (O2, N2O, air, 2, 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
CO2)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 maximum, separate rack 2 maximum No 4 (O2, N2O) : 4 (O2, N2O,
air)
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane,
isoflurane, enflurane enflurane, isoflurane isoflurane, enflurane isoflurane, enflurane
Type Plenum Plenum Variable bypass Variable bypass
Number 2 2 1 maximum 1 maximum : 2 maximum
Interlock Yes Yes NA NA : Yes
O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Audio and visual Audio and visual
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Integrated mechanical, Integrated mechanical, Yes Yes
FAIL-SAFE paramagnetic, fuel cell paramagnetic, fuel cell
AUTOMATIC Integrated AV800/900 Optional integrated AV900 Optional Optional
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric 350 or 1,500 mL 350 or 1,500 mL
Type Ascending Ascending Ascending, bag in bottle Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Standby, volume, Standby, volume, CMV, manual CMV, manual
spontaneous pressure spontaneous pressure
Range, cc 20-1,600 (adult)1 20-1,600 (adult)1 5-2,000 5-2,000
Frequency, bpm 4-100 4-100 5-50, 8-60 5-50, 8-60
Inspiratory flow, L/min NA NA 6-60 6-60
IE ratio 1:0.3 to 1:8 1:0.3 to 1:8 Infinitely adjustable Infinitely adjustable
Inspiratory pause 25% Ti 25% Ti No No
Pressure limit, cm 10-70, adjustable 10-70, adjustable 60 60
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 4-30 4-30 integrated Optional Optional
Other controls Standby, spontaneous Standby, spontaneous None APL valve
mode, print button, mode, print button,
spirometry, oxygen spirometry, oxygen
monitor monitor
System checks Ventilator self-test Ventilator self-test None specified None specified
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional vacuum or Optional vacuum or No Optional
exhaust exhaust
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional Optional No No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

78
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Yes Yes With ventilator With ventilator
Where measured Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Ventilator output Ventilator output
High-pressure alarm Variable Variable Yes Yes
Subatmospheric Yes Yes No No
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Yes Yes Optional Optional
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Optional Optional
Other pressure alarms See footnote2 See footnote2 None None
Expiratory volume/flow Yes Yes No No
Type of sensor Differential press Differential press NA NA
Where measured In circle In circle NA NA
Rate alarm No No NA NA
Apnea alarm Yes Yes NA NA
Reverse-flow alarm Yes Yes NA NA
High/low minute Yes Yes NA NA
volume
High/low flow Yes Yes NA NA
Other expiratory NA No NA NA
alarms
O2 concentration Integrated Integrated No No
Type of sensor Paramagnetic, fuel cell Paramagnetic, fuel cell NA NA
Response time, sec 10-20 10-20 NA NA
Apnea alarm NA NA NA NA
N2O No No No No
Auto ID NA NA NA NA
alarm
ECG Not specified Not specified No No
Heart rate Not specified Not specified NA NA
ST segment Not specified Not specified NA NA
Noninvasive BP Not specified Not specified No No
Invasive BP Not specified Not specified No No
Temperature Not specified Not specified No No
Pulse oximeter Not specified Not specified No No
Other monitors None specified None specified None None
Other features MRI compatible MRI compatible None None specified

model(s). These
onto the next page.

79
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS AV900 AV800 O2 monitor No No
Number 2 2 NA NA
Type LED LED NA NA
Integrated Modular Modular NA NA
Interface with others Spacelabs, Agilent Spacelabs, Agilent NA NA
PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes Yes No No
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 54 x 66 x 30 54 x 66 x 30 50 x 40 x 26 140.5 x 52 x 44 : 146 x 67
x 67
Weight, kg 40 40 14 30 : 75
Shelves, cm None None None 52 x 42 : 58 x 31
Drawers, cm None None None 4.3 x 13 x 30 : 50 x 40 x
12.5
Writing shelf, cm None None 40 x 19 46 x 31 : 53 x 31
Installation Wall-mounted rail Pendant NA (handheld, portable Mobile : Transportable
machine) (both with wheels)
POWER REQUIRED, Not specified 110/240, universal power None None
VAC supply
Auxiliary outlets None 4 None Optional (4-240 AC only)
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Not required Not required
Type Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acid NA NA
Use per charge, hr 0.5 0.5 NA NA
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price 6,000-18,000 6,000-18,000 1,236-5,044 (US$1,416- 3,086-10,872
(US$9,537-28,611) (US$9,537-28,611) 5,780) (US$3,536-12,454)
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year Available
Service contract Yes Yes Available Not specified
Delivery time, ARO 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks 60 working days 60 working days
OTHER Modular system with Modular system with Portable unit with handles; Mobile, modular unit; use
SPECIFICATIONS monitoring options; monitoring options; pipeline gauges. Meets in smaller ORs, casualty
options include vaporizer, options include vaporizer, requirements of BS 4272, departments, field
A100 absorber, coaxial A100 absorber, coaxial EN 740, and ISO 5356-1, hospitals, and anesthetic
circuits, IV pole, cable circuits, IV pole, cable 5358, and 9703-1. rooms : Modular,
management system, management system, transportable unit
suction regulator, and suction regulator, designed for applications
receivers. Meets receivers. Meets within OR, induction
requirements of BS, CSA, requirements of BS, CSA, rooms, and casualty
DIN, ISO, JIS, and TUV. DIN, ISO, JIS, and TUV. departments. Both meet
requirements of BS 4272,
EN 740, and ISO 5356-1,
5358, and 9703-1.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
1 1
Data Footnotes Fresh gas compensated. Fresh gas compensated.
2 2
Pressure versus time Pressure versus time
display, volume versus display, volume versus
time display, compliance time display, compliance
loop. loop.

80
Anesthesia Units

MODEL PNEUPAC PNEUPAC ROYAL MEDICAL ROYAL MEDICAL
770 880 MRI Multiplus1 Royal 771
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA Worldwide Worldwide
FDA CLEARANCE No No Submitted Submitted
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O), 3 (O2, N2O, 2 (O2, N2O), 3 (O2, N2O,
air) air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES No 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 max 4 maximum optional
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, sevoflurane,
isoflurane, enflurane isoflurane, enflurane enflurane, isoflurane enflurane, isoflurane
Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass
Number 2 maximum 1 max with optional 1 or 2 optional 2 or 3
parking
Interlock Yes NA Optional Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Audio and visual Audio and visual Audible alarm Audible alarm
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Yes Yes Yes Yes
FAIL-SAFE
AUTOMATIC Optional Optional Yes Yes
VENTILATOR
BELLOWS, SIZE 350 or 1,500 mL 350 or 1,500 mL Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric
Primary controls
Ventilation modes CMV, manual CMV, manual CMV, manual CMV, manual
Tidal volume No No Yes Yes
Range, cc 5-2,000 5-2,000 100-1,500; 0-300 pediatric 100-1,500; 0-300 pediatric
Frequency, bpm 5-50, 8-60 5-50, 8-60 5-80 5-80
Inspiratory flow, L/min 6-60 6-60 Not specified Not specified
IE ratio Infinitely adjustable Infinitely adjustable 1:1 to 1:3 1:1 to 1:3
Inspiratory pause No No No Not specified
Pressure limit, cm 60 60 0-80 0-80
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O Optional Optional 0-30 0-30
Other controls APL valve APL valve Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter
System checks None specified None specified None None
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional Optional Active or passive Active or passive
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA No No No No
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

81
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure With ventilator With ventilator Optional Optional
Where measured Ventilator output Ventilator output Optional Optional
High-pressure alarm Yes Yes Optional Optional
Subatmospheric No No Optional Optional
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Optional Optional Optional Optional
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Optional Optional Optional Optional
Other pressure alarms None None Optional Optional
Expiratory volume/flow No No Optional Optional
Type of sensor NA NA Optional Optional
Where measured NA NA Optional Optional
Rate alarm NA NA Optional Optional
Apnea alarm NA NA Optional Optional
Reverse-flow alarm NA NA Optional Optional
High/low minute NA NA Optional Optional
volume
High/low flow NA NA Optional Optional
Other expiratory NA NA Optional Optional
alarms
O2 concentration No No No No
Type of sensor NA NA NA NA
Response time, sec NA NA NA NA
Apnea alarm NA NA NA NA
N2O No No No No
Auto ID NA NA NA NA
alarm
ECG No No No No
Heart rate NA NA NA NA
ST segment NA NA NA NA
Noninvasive BP No No No No
Invasive BP No No No No
Temperature No No No No
Pulse oximeter No No No No
Other features None None specified None None

model(s). These
onto the next page.

82
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS No No Yes Yes
Number NA NA 1 1
Type NA NA LED LED
Integrated NA NA Yes Yes
Interface with others NA NA No No
DATA INPUT No No Keys Keys
PRIORITIZED ALARMS No No Not specified Not specified
PHYSICAL FEATURES
Weight, kg 16 60 100 100
Shelves, cm 60 x 24 47 x 40 30 x 40 Not specified
Drawers, cm None None 15 x 40 (2) Not specified
Writing shelf, cm 60 x 19 49 x 23 None Not specified
Installation Wall-mounted MRI machine Mobile Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, None None Not specified Not specified
VAC
Auxiliary outlets None None None 3
BACKUP BATTERY Not required Not required Yes Yes
Type NA NA Not specified Not specified
Use per charge, hr NA NA 0.5 0.5
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price 1,914-6,747 (US$2,192- 4,158-11,323 Not specified Not specified
7,728) (US$4,763-12,970)
Service contract Available Available Yes Yes
Delivery time, ARO 60 working days 60 working days 30 days 30 days
OTHER Wall-mounted unit; for use Designed for use in MRI None specified. None specified.
SPECIFICATIONS in anesthesia rooms, suite; mobile. Meets
casualty departments, requirements of BS 4272,
maternity suites, and EN 740, and ISO 5356-1,
plaster rooms. Meets 5358, and 9703-1.
requirements of BS 4272,
EN 740, and ISO 5356-1,
5358, and 9703-1.
Supplier Footnotes
1 1
Model Footnotes Multi Plus M (2 gassed 2 gassed machine, 2
machine, vaporizer, single vaporizers, Compact
CO2 absorber); Multi Plus absorber system,
MI (2 gassed machine, ventilator with tidal and
vaporizer, single absorber, minute volume monitoring.
I type mobile stand); Multi
Plus ME (2 gassed
machine, vaporizer, single
CO2 absorber, E-type
mobile stand); Multi Plus
MEV (2 gassed machine,
vaporizer, single CO2
absorber, E-type mobile
stand, ventilator); Multi
Plus MEVD (2 gassed
machine, vaporizer, dual
CO2 absorber, E-type
mobile stand, ventilator).
Data Footnotes

83
Anesthesia Units

MODEL ROYAL MEDICAL SAMED SIARE SIARE
Roytech 21 Anesthesia Unit "Inox" in AM 5000 MORPHEUS
Stainless Steel
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except USA
FDA CLEARANCE Submitted No Not specified Not specified
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 or 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O), 3 (O2, N2O, 3 (O2, N2O, air)
air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 4 maximum optional 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Halothane, sevoflurane, Halothane, isoflurane Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
enflurane, isoflurane halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane,
Type Variable bypass Vaportec III Variable bypass Variable bypass
Number 2 or 3 1 1, 2 1.2
Interlock Optional Yes Yes Yes
O2 FAIL-SAFE Audible alarm Audible Audible Audible
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Yes Yes Visual Audible (visual with
FAIL-SAFE electronic flow meter)
AUTOMATIC Yes Optional Optional Yes
VENTILATOR
Type Ascending, bag in bottle ABV-U Vertical Vertical
Primary controls
Ventilation modes CMV, manual Electronic, see Other IPPV, manual Manual, IPPV, IMV, PCV,
Specifications SIMV, assisted IPPV,
PSV, apnea backup
Range, cc 0-1,500 0-150 (0-40 ped) 50-1,500 20-1,500
Range, L/min NA 0-20 2-20 1-27
Frequency, bpm 5-80 6-60 5-70 5-140
Inspiratory flow, L/min Not specified 3-75 5-60 5-80
IE ratio 1:1 to 1:3 1:4 to 2:1 1:1.5 1:4 to 3:1
Inspiratory pause 0-60% No No Yes
Pressure limit, cm 0-80 10-60 50 0-80, adjustable
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-30 0-15 Optional 0-20 variable
Other controls Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter and None Trigger, effort
manometer
System checks Tidal volume compliance, Block N2O, audible alarm, None Yes
pre-use check for leaks patient disconnect,
stenosis
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Optional Optional active and Optional active and
passive passive
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA No No Optional Optional
MANAGEMENT

model(s). These

84
Anesthesia Units

Stainless Steel
MONITORS
Airway pressure Optional No Electronic Electronic
Where measured Optional NA Y-piece Y-piece
High-pressure alarm Optional NA 50 cm H2O 0-80 cm H2O
Subatmospheric Optional NA Yes Yes
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Optional NA Yes Yes
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Optional NA Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms Optional NA Yes Yes
Expiratory volume/flow Optional No Optional Yes
Type of sensor Optional NA Electronic Electronic
Where measured Optional NA Expiratory line Expiratory line
Rate alarm Optional NA No Yes
Apnea alarm Optional NA Yes Yes
Reverse-flow alarm Optional NA Yes Yes
High/low minute Optional NA Optional Yes
volume
High/low flow Optional NA No Yes
Other expiratory Optional NA Optional Yes
alarms
O2 concentration Optional No Optional Yes
Type of sensor Optional NA Galvanic cell Galvanic cell
Response time, sec Optional NA Not specified Not specified
CO2 concentration Optional No Optional Optional
Apnea alarm Optional NA Yes Yes
N2O No No Optional Optional
Agent monitors No No Optional Optional
Type of agents NA NA Sevoflurane, enflurane, Sevoflurane, enflurane,
Auto ID NA NA Yes Yes
Agent concentration NA NA Yes Yes
alarm
ECG No No Optional Optional
Heart rate NA NA Yes Yes
ST segment NA NA Yes Yes
Noninvasive BP No No Optional Optional
Invasive BP No No Optional Optional
Temperature No No Optional Optional
Pulse oximeter No No Optional Optional
Other features None None None Respiratory mechanics

model(s). These
onto the next page.

85
Anesthesia Units

Stainless Steel
DISPLAYS Yes Not specified Optional Yes
Number 1 Not specified 1 1
Type TFT LCD Not specified LCD LCD
Integrated Yes Not specified Yes Yes
Interface with others No Not specified No Yes
DATA INPUT Encoded keys Not specified Knobs, keyboard Knobs, keyboard
PRIORITIZED ALARMS Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm Not specified 147.7 x 56 x 50 : 137.4 x 145 x 55 x 54 144 x 80 x 65
50 x 51
Weight, kg 130 55 : 47 (both without 50 80
ventilator)
Shelves, cm Not specified 39 x 56 : 35 x 50 42 x 30 (1) 60 x 35
Drawers, cm Not specified 5.5-13.5 x 47 x 32 : 16.5 x 34 x 29 x 7 (2) 38 x 36 x 10
41 x 30
Writing shelf, cm Not specified 54 x 31 : 34 x 50 47 x 37 (1) 32 x 27
Installation Mobile On 4 antistatic wheels Mobile, pendant Mobile, pendant
POWER REQUIRED, Not specified No 110/220 110/220
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 3 No Optional Optional
BACKUP BATTERY Yes No Yes Yes
Type Not specified NA NA Lead acid
Use per charge, hr 0.5 NA NA 4
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified ~ITL 16,000,000 Not specified Not specified
(US$8,880); see Other
Specs
Delivery time, ARO 30 days 1 week, with ventilator 30 20-30 days 20-30 days
days
OTHER None specified. Ventilation modes: CMV, Low-flow system. Meets Low-flow system. Meets
SPECIFICATIONS S-CMV, PCV, S-PCV, requirements of IEC 601- requirements of IEC 601-
IPPV, IMV, SV-CPAP, and 1. 1.
manual; price varies by
customer request (with or
without vaporizer,
ventilator, or gas
scavenging system);
3,200 (US$3,590) for
simple anesthesia unit.
Supplier Footnotes
1
Model Footnotes 3 gassed machine, 2
vaporizers, Compact
absorber system,
ventilator with tidal and
minute volume monitoring.
Data Footnotes

86
Anesthesia Units

MODEL SIARE TAEMA TAEMA TAEMA
PERSEO Alys 2000 Clarys 2000 Felix Visio Integra
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except USA Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North Worldwide, except North
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified No No No
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 2 optional (O2, air) 2 optional (O2, air) 2 optional (O2, air)
halothane, isoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane, isoflurane, halothane,
Type Variable bypass Variable bypass, heated Variable bypass, heated Variable bypass, heated
(desflurane) (desflurane) (desflurane)
Number 1, 2 2 1 active, 2 storage 2
SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Yes
O2 FAIL-SAFE Audible Acoustic alarm, N2O block Acoustic alarm, N2O block Acoustic and visual alarm,
N2O block
HYPOXIC MIXTURE Audible Mechanical limit, O2 alarm Mechanical limit, O2 alarm O2 ratio controller, O2
FAIL-SAFE alarm
AUTOMATIC Yes Electronic controls, Electronic controls, Electronic controls,
VENTILATOR pneumatically driven pneumatically driven pneumatically driven
BELLOWS, SIZE Adult/pediatric 1 size 1 size 1 size
Type Vertical Descending Descending Ascending
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual, IPPV, IMV, PCV, Manual, spontaneous, VC, Manual, spontaneous, VC, Manual, spontaneous, VC,
SIMV, assisted IPPV, PCV PCV PCV, PS
PSV, apnea backup
Range, cc 20-1,500 20-1,500 20-1,500 20-1,500
Range, L/min 1-27 0.5-45 0.5-45 0.1-30
Frequency, bpm 5-140 5-60 0.5-60 5-60
Inspiratory flow, L/min 5-80 0-80 0-80 120 maximum
IE ratio 1:4 to 3:1 1:3 to 1:1 1:3 to 1:1 1:5.5 to 4:1
Inspiratory pause Yes 0-20% Ti 0-20% Ti 0-20% Ti
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 variable 0-25 electronic 0-25 electronic 0-20 electronic
Other controls Trigger, effort Plateau sigh, expiratory Plateau sigh, expiratory Plateau sigh, expiratory
pause pause pause
System checks Yes Autotest, leakage, Autotest, leakage, Autotest, system autotest,
compliance compliance leakage compliance
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional active and Vacuum/exhaust Vacuum/exhaust Vacuum/exhaust
passive
AUTO RECORD No Not specified Not specified Not specified
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA Optional External optional, digital External optional, digital External optional, digital
MANAGEMENT output, RS232 output, RS232 output, RS232

model(s). These

87
Anesthesia Units

MONITORS
Airway pressure Electronic Piezoelectric Piezoelectric Piezoelectric
Where measured Y-piece Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb
High-pressure alarm 0-80 cm H2O 11-81 mbar 11-81 mbar 11-80 mbar
pressure alarm
alarm
Other pressure alarms Yes None specified None specified High and low gas supply
Type of sensor Electronic Hot wire Hot wire Hot wire
Where measured Expiratory line Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory port
Rate alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow Yes No No No
Other expiratory Yes Sensor disconnect, sensor Sensor disconnect, sensor Sensor disconnect, sensor
alarms fail fail fail, leakage
Type of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Paramagnetic
Response time, sec Not specified 5 5 Not specified
CO2 concentration Optional External optional External optional Sidestream IR
Apnea alarm Yes External optional External optional Automatic
N2O Optional External optional External optional Sidestream IR
Agent monitors Optional External optional External optional Yes
Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflurane, External optional External optional Sevoflurane, enflurane,
halothane, isoflurane, isoflurane, halothane,
Auto ID Yes External optional External optional Yes
Agent concentration Yes External optional External optional Yes
alarm
ECG Optional External optional External optional External optional
Heart rate Yes External optional External optional External optional
ST segment Yes External optional External optional External optional
Noninvasive BP Optional External optional External optional External optional
Invasive BP Optional External optional External optional External optional
Temperature Optional External optional External optional External optional
Pulse oximeter Optional External optional External optional External optional
Other features Respiratory mechanics None specified None specified Stored trend, loops F37
(optional)

model(s). These
onto the next page.

88
Anesthesia Units

DISPLAYS Optional Yes Yes Yes
Number 1 2 2 1
Type LCD ED ED TFT LCD
Integrated Yes Yes Not specified Yes
Interface with others No Yes (through RS232) Yes (through RS232) Yes (through RS232)
DATA INPUT Knobs, keyboard Rotary knob, softkeys, Rotary knob, softkeys, Rotary knob, softkeys,
hardkeys hardkeys hardkeys
PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes Yes Yes 3 (caution, advisory,
alarm)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 144 x 80 x 65 134 x 69 x 81 134 x 74 x 75 or 75 x 60 x 160 x 60 x 100
73
Weight, kg 70 100 70 or 52 100
Shelves, cm 42 x 30 (1) Not specified Not specified Not specified
Drawers, cm 34 x 29 x 7 (2) Not specified Not specified Not specified
Writing shelf, cm 31 x 31 Not specified Not specified Not specified
Installation Mobile, pendant Mobile Mobile, wall, pendant Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, 110/220 100/240 100/240 90/264
VAC
Auxiliary outlets Optional 4 4 4
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Optional Optional Yes
Type Lead acid Not specified Not specified Lead acid
Use per charge, hr 4 Not specified Not specified 0.7 with gas monitoring
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Delivery time, ARO 20-30 days Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER Low-flow system. Meets Automatic compliance Automatic compliance 38.1 cm (15") color
SPECIFICATIONS requirements of IEC 601- compensation; automatic compensation; automatic display; software for
1. sensor calibration. sensor calibration. diagnostic and
maintenance; left- and
right-hand machine;
airway tightness check
function; optional MAC
and CEC functions.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

89
Anesthesia Units

MODEL TAEMA ULCO
Felix Visio O2C Integrus
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except North Worldwide
America
FDA CLEARANCE No Submitted
CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes
PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 optional (O2, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)
VAPORIZERS, AGENTS Sevoflurane, enflurane, Any
isoflurane, halothane,
desflurane
Type Variable bypass, heated Variable bypass
(desflurane)
Number 2 2
Interlock Yes Yes
SUCTION SYSTEM Yes Optional
O2 FAIL-SAFE Acoustic and visual alarm, Pneumatic with N2O
N2O block cutoff
HYPOXIC MIXTURE O2 ratio controller, O2 Ratio controlled, 25% O2
FAIL-SAFE alarm
AUTOMATIC Electronic controls, Pressure or volume
VENTILATOR pneumatically driven controlled
BELLOWS, SIZE 1 size Adult/infant
Type Ascending Ascending, bag in bottle
Primary controls
Ventilation modes Manual, spontaneous, VC, CMV, SIMV, PEEP,
PCV, PS CPAP, PSV
Tidal volume Yes Yes
Range, cc 20-1,500 50-1,300
Minute volume Yes Yes
Range, L/min 0.1-30 Not specified
Frequency, bpm 5-60 3-100
Inspiratory flow, L/min 120 maximum 10-160
IE ratio 1:5.5 to 4:1 1:0.5 to 1:9
Inspiratory pause 0-20% Ti 0-30%
Pressure limit, cm 10-80, adjustable 0-70
H2O
PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 electronic 0-30
Other controls Plateau sigh, expiratory Low- and high-limit alarms
pause
System checks Autotest, system autotest, Leakage, compliance; FG
leakage, compliance compensates for
compliance
SCAVENGING SYSTEM Vacuum/exhaust Active or passive
AUTO RECORD Not specified No
KEEPER
ANESTHESIA DATA External optional, digital No
MANAGEMENT output, RS232

model(s). These

90
Anesthesia Units

MODEL TAEMA ULCO
MONITORS Interface to Philips
IntelliVue (not supplied by
Ulco)
Airway pressure Piezoelectric Yes
Where measured Inspiratory limb Proximal airway
High-pressure alarm 11-80 mbar Yes
Subatmospheric Yes Yes
pressure alarm
Continuing pressure Yes Yes (cycle)
alarm
Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes
Other pressure alarms High and low gas supply None
Expiratory volume/flow Yes Yes
Type of sensor Hot wire Generic/non-specific
Where measured Expiratory port Proximal airway
Rate alarm Yes No
Apnea alarm Yes 6-60 adjustable
Reverse-flow alarm Yes No
High/low minute Yes Yes
volume
High/low flow No No
Other expiratory Sensor disconnect, sensor Yes
alarms fail, leakage
O2 concentration Yes Yes
Type of sensor Galvanic cell Not specified
Response time, sec Not specified 3 msec
CO2 concentration External optional No
Apnea alarm External optional NA
N2O External optional No
Agent monitors External optional No
Type of agents External optional NA
Auto ID External optional NA
Agent concentration External optional NA
alarm
ECG External optional No
Heart rate External optional NA
ST segment External optional NA
Noninvasive BP External optional No
Invasive BP External optional No
Temperature External optional No
Pulse oximeter External optional No
Other monitors None None
Other features Stored trend, loops F37 None

model(s). These
onto the next page.

91
Anesthesia Units

MODEL TAEMA ULCO
DISPLAYS Yes Yes
Number 1 1
Type TFT LCD Color LCD
Integrated Yes Yes
Interface with others Yes (through RS232) Yes
DATA INPUT Rotary knob, softkeys, Trimknob
hardkeys
PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (caution, advisory, Yes
alarm)
PHYSICAL FEATURES
H x W x D, cm 160 x 60 x 100 72 x 65 x 140
Weight, kg 100 120
Shelves, cm Not specified 56.2 x 40 (1)
Drawers, cm Not specified 56.5 x 42 x 15 (2)
Writing shelf, cm Not specified 56 x 32, working table (1)
Installation Mobile Mobile
POWER REQUIRED, 90/264 110/240
VAC
Auxiliary outlets 4 4
BACKUP BATTERY Yes Optional
Type Lead acid Not specified
Use per charge, hr 0.7 with gas monitoring 1
PURCHASE
INFORMATION
Price Not specified A$42,000-48,000
(US$27,325-31,223)
Warranty 1 year 1 year
Service contract Yes Not specified
Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified
OTHER 38.1 cm (15") color Modular unit; monitoring
SPECIFICATIONS display; software for of physiologic parameters
diagnostics and depends on monitoring
maintenance; left- and system chosen by
right-hand machine; customer. Meets
airways tightness check requirements of IEC 601
function and CEC function and TGA.
options.
Supplier Footnotes
Model Footnotes
Data Footnotes

92

Anesthesia Units

Transféré par

Informations du document

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Anesthesia Units

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

December 2005

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Gas supply and control

Because O2 and N2O are used in large quantities, they are

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Gas/Vapor Blending System Fresh Gas Flow Patient

N2O Shutoff/Low O2 Pressure Alarm

Gas Pipelines Reservoir

Figure 1. Continuous-flow anesthesia system

Circle Breathing Most anesthesia systems are continuous-flow

and the Scavenging System

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Monitors and alarms

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

used as part of an anesthesia information management system (AIMS).

Automated anesthesia record keepers/anesthesia information management systems

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Standards and guidelines

Anesthesia breathing circuits

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Standards for basic anesthetic monitoring. 1986 (reaffirmed 15 Oct 2003).

Specification for anesthetic equipmentoropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways [standard].

Medical electrical equipmentpart 1: general requirements for safety. Amendment 2 [standard].

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Anaesthesia and respiratory care alarm signalspart 3: guidance on application of alarms

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentconical connectorspart 1: cones and sockets

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipmentconical connectorspart 2: screw-threaded weight-

Anaesthetic gas monitors [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 11196:1995. 1995.

Inhalational anaesthesia systemspart 4: anaesthetic vapor delivery devices [standard]. ISO

Anesthesia unit vaporizers

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Anesthetic reservoir bags

Medical gas piping

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Citations from other ECRI publications

Anesthesia systems [update evaluation]. 2002 Apr;31(4):121-49.

Health Devices Alerts

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Health Devices Inspection and Preventive Maintenance System

Healthcare Risk Control

Operating Room Risk Management

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Datex-Ohmeda Inc, Div GE Healthcare [351254]

Datex-Ohmeda Ltd (UK) [354403]

Datex-Ohmeda Pte Ltd (Singapore) [351978]

Draeger Medical AG & Co KGaA [374044]

Draeger Medical Australia Pty Ltd [306071]

Draeger Medical Inc [371341]

F Stephan Middle East Office [428586]

Stephan Polska Sp z o o [428587]

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

Normeca Asia [321497]

Smiths Medical (Southeast Asia) Ltd [418055]

Phone: 82 (2) 3385561 Fax: 82 (2) 3363328

Oxigel Materiais Hospitalares Industria Comercio Ltda [152447]

K Takaoka Ind e Com Ltda [152442]

ECRI. All Rights Reserved.

About the chart specifications

AGSS Anesthesia gas scavenging ARO After receipt of order