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Applied Chemistry A_C_www.jntukinformation.com ( R13) 1

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Applied Chemistry Applied Chemistry ( R16) 1

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Question
Generally most of the fossil fuels contain
Which of the following is a fossil fuel
A substance which undergoes-------reaction can be used as a fuel
Which of the following is an example of primary gaseous fuel
Of the following which has the maximum adsorption (of gases) properties
Pulverization of coal means
How are the higher calorific value, lower calorific value, the latent heat of condenstion and hydrogen percentage of coal re
During the combusion of a fuel excess air is supplied. This is done because
Which of the following can be used as a preheated fuel
Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
Which of the following has a higher calorific value
Which of the following orders is the correct one with respect to its increasing carbon content or percentage of carbon
Which of the following has the lowest volatile content
Of the following which coal is having the minimum oxygen percentage
Which of the following has a higher percentage of carbon
Liquid fuel's calorific value is determined by using---------calorimeter
When coal is used as a fuel in a furnace we get its ------ calorific value only
In the estimation of moisture content, the coal sample is heated for one hour at -----C
The water equivalent of bomb calorimeter is determined by using
For the relationship between carbon content and calorific value, which of the following statemets is correct
Combustion apparatus is employed to estimate ------- in ultimate analysis of coal
Kjeldahl's method is used to determine --------- in coal
Washings from bomb calorimeter is used for determining ---------- in coal
Of the following which element does not contuibute towards the calorific value of Coal
Which of the following will decrease the calorific value of coal
The presence of ------ is highly undersirable in coke as it causes brittlencss of iron Produced
Sulphur present in coal is determined by using the wahings from bomb calorimeter, And the sulphur is precipitated as ------
In ultimate analysis carbon and hydrogen are determined by using --------- solutions respectively
In ultimate analysis of coal ------ is used to absorb the products of combustion to determine the carbon percentage
The major disadvantage of pulverized coal is
For determining the volatilc content in coal, the sample is heated at 920+/2)C for ------ minutes
For ash content determination of the sample is heated, in presence of air, at an out 750C ------
Fixed carbon present in coal is determined
Proximate analysis does not give information about ------- content in coal
Low temperature carbonization of coal results in coke with
In Otto Hoffmann's by-product oven process of carbonization of coal the fuel used is
In the bechive oven process of carbonization of coal, the fuel used is
Coal gas is recovered from the flue gases from the Hoffmann's process of carboni-zation of coal to get the byproducts ------
Dry quenching of coke, as is taken out of the oven involves
Coal tar is a
In an electrochemical reaction
In a Daniel cell the oxidation electrode and reduction electrodes taken are -------- respectively
In a galvanic cell the cell reaction was 2Al + 3 Zn⁺⁺ 2Al⁺⁺⁺ + 3 Zn, The anode in this cell is
The potential of which of the following can be determined directly
Cell reaction for the cell Zn / Zn⁺⁺ (1.0M)||Cd⁺⁺(1.0)|Cd is given by
Which of the following is correct for the potential of a galvanic cell
Copper electrode (reduction potential +0.34 volt) is coupled with silver electrode(reduction potential +0.80 volt) the cells p
Which metal dissolves when the galvanic cell Cu|Cu⁺⁺||Ag⁺|Ag is used
In the cell Ag | Ag⁺||Zn⁺⁺ |Zn the cell potential is 1.36v. It indicates that such a cell
The pH of a solution can be determined by combining any one of the following electrodes, except one, with a calomel elec
The potential of a cell is 2.71 v. If the oxidation potential of the cathode is 0.34 v. What would be the reduction potential o
Then term standard potential is applicable to
The potential of copper electrode is +0.34 volt
Of the following which is the primary standard electrode
The temperature usually taken for calculating the standard potentiaic is
Hydrogen electrode can act
Which of the following electrodes has the maximum oxidation potential
The following are the potentials of some of the electrodes:Zn⁺⁺/Zn : 0.76 v, Sn⁺⁺/Sn : 0.14 v,
Calomel is
The potentials of calomol electrode at a particular temperature are
The reference electrode is made from
Four metals A, B, C and D have potentials 3.05, 1.66, 0.40 and 0.80 volts. Of the four which is the most powerful reduc
Standard potentials of the systems A⁺⁺/A, B⁺⁺/B, C⁺⁺/C are 2.71, 0.76 and 0.23 v
For a reduction half cell the relationship between E and concentration of the electrolyte can be shown as
The standard reduction potential of an electrode (A⁺⁺ + 2e A) is 0.44 volt. If at 25 C, 0.01 M
In concentration cells
In the concentration cell, where solutions of the same electrolyte but of different concentrations C₁ and C<su
Fuel cells differ from primary and secondary cells in that they covert the
Fuel cells are better than galvanic cells because
The most preferred fuel to be used in a fuel cell is
In the Leclanche cell the electrodes are
The electrolyte employed in Leclanche cell is
What would be the maximum voltage that can be obtained with a Leclanche cell?
In lead accumulator the anode is
In lead accumulator, the electrolyte used is 20% sulphuric acid. During the usage of the cell the concentration of the acid
In lithium batteries, water or aqueous solutions are excluded because
The electrolyte used in Cd-Ni cell is
Button cells are also known as
In a Leclanche cell which of the following reactions is the main one at the cathode
In button cell used in watches the anode consists
Which of the following is not a fundamental particle
The origin of nuclear force between nucleons is due ot the exchange
Nuclear forces are
The process of producing a new stable nucleus from the other stable nucleus is called
Which of the following changes in the artificial transmutation of elements?0
A free neutron decays spontaneously into
Neutron was discovered by the experiment of
Thermal neutrons enegry is
Which decay causes decreases of atomic number by 2 units and mass number by 4 units
The speed of alpha particles is of the order of
Find the correct statement in the given
The penetrating power of , , radiations in decreasing order are
the phenomenon of radioactivity was first discovered by
- rays consist of a stream of
In radioactive decay an emitted electron comes from
Radioactive iodine is being used to diagonise the disease of
In the nuclear reaction ₆C¹¹ ₅B¹¹ + + X stands for
₁H¹ + ₁H¹ ₁H² + X + ₁e<sup>
Which of the following is not correct about nuclear forces?
Binding energy per nucleon is maximum for
The binding energy per nucleon is maximum at A = 56 and its value is around Mev/nucleon
The stability of the nucleus is not measured by
As the mass number " A " increases, the binding energy per nucleon in a nucleus
When the multiplication factor in nuclear fission reactions is less than 1 then the chain reaction is
Choose incorrect statement from the following
The average number of neutrons released per fission in the fission of U²³⁵ is
Most of the energy released in the fission is carried by
The working principle in atom bomb is
In a critical chain reaction
Unstable fission fragments decay by emitting neutrons and electrons, neutrons so emitted are called
Chain reactions can be initiated by
Cadmium and Boron rods are used in a nuclear reactor to
Heavy water is used as moderator in a nuclear reactor. The function of the moderator is
The reactor in which the number of fissionable nuclides produced are more than the used is called
Nuclear fission can be explained by
The operation of a nuclear reactor is said to be critical, if the multiplication factor has a value
Nuclear energy is released in fission because binding energy per nucleon is
The products of the fission of U-235 by thermal neutron are
In the fission of U²³⁵ which one is not true
The avarage life of neutron is
Radio active ₁₅P³⁰ decay into
The main source of sun's energy is
Fusion reactions takes place at high temperture because
Nuclear fusion is possible
In sun, the important source of energy is
In carbon - nitrogen nuclear fusion cycle, protons are fused to form Helium nucleus, prsitrons and release some energy. Th
A particle having no charge and almost no rest mass
To sustain the chain reaction mass of the material should be
The radiation in the sunlight that gives us the feeling of hotness is _______________
The energy which is not derived from the sum is ______________
Which of the following statements is an incorrect statement?
PV cells are made by
Which of the following one is correct statement?
Performance of a photovolatic array in not dependent upon
Heliostats are used in
Flat-Plate collectors are used when required tempertures are below about
Which of these is not a renewable source of energy?
The radiation emitted by the sun and reponsible for the cause of skin cancer are
The efficiency of the solar cooker can be increased by placinged____________
In a solar panel, the metal used is____________
Which of the following areas is preferred for solar thermal electric plants?
In solar thermal conversion systems the solar heat is not transferred to
Reflecting mirrors used for exploiting solar energy are called
The region of a atmosphere containing ozone is
Depletion of ozone layer is caused by
O₃ present in _____________ is harmful to living organisms
Unseasonable rains, cyclones which are observed due to
The important sink of CO₂ is
Increase of sea level is due to
Which of the following should not be called a pollutant?
The average temperature of the earth due to the absence of Green house effect is
Green house effect is mainly due to
The increase in precentage of CO₂ causes
Which of the following pollutants is considered as boon to industry but curse to the environment
The main function of Ozone layer in the atmosphere is
Although CFS are harmful, they are widely used because
Which of the following cause the least pollution when burnt?
Which of the these is not a renewable source of energy?
The average concentration of atmospheric CO₂ in the year 2005 was about

UNIT - 1
Water that does not form lather earily with soap is called
Hardness in water is caused by the charged particles called
Hardness in water can be removed by
Temporary hardness is a type of water hardness caused by the the presence of
Permanent hardness is a type of water hardness caused by the presence of
The degree of hardness of drinking water for soft water is
The degree of hardness of drinking water for soft water is
Temporary hardness of water is removed by
Solubility of calcium sulphate in water
Hard water can be softered by passing it through
Brackish water mostly contain dissolved
One part of CaCo₃ equivalent hardness per 105 parts of water is called
Boiler corrosion caused by using alkaline water in a boiler is called
Caustic embrittlement can be avoided by using
Caustic embrittlement is a type of
The soft loose and sling precipitate formed within the boiler is called
sludge can be prevented by
______________is a decay of boiler material by a chemical attack or by its environment
The scale is caused due to
If oils and greases are present, then they produce bubbles on the wate surface which incrase the wet steam production kno
Potable water treatment does not involve
Sodium meta aluminates used in internal treatment of boiler produces flocculent precipitates of
Ferrous sulphate is commonly used in treatment of municipal water for
Phosphate conditioning of boiler feed is carried out by
The external treatment of boiler feed water is done by
The exhausted zeolite is regenerated by
The formula of chloramines is
Calgon is a trade name given to
Which of the following methods seperates both ionic and non-ionic impurities from wate?
UNIT - 2
Castor oil is a
Equivalent conductivity of an electrolytic solution
In the salt bridge, Kq is used because
Cell reaction is spontaneous when
For galvoric cell, which one is worng ?
Nernst equation is
Cell constant of a conductivity cell
Which of the following conrtites Daniel cell
The units of specific conductivity are
Ionisation of an electrolyte in an aqueous solution is due to
The emf of a galvanic cell can be calculated from
Calomel electrode is reversible with respect to
The difference in the potentials of two electrons of a galvanic cell is called
The electrode potential of standard hydrogen electrode is
The reactions that take place at anode and cathode are respectively
If a salt bridge is removed between the half cells, the voltage
The electrode potential is the tendancey of a metal
Which of the following acts as " Indicator electrode "
The potential of saturated calomel electrode is
Electrolytes can conduct electricity because
Which of the following does not conduct electricity ?
The specific conductions of a solutions incrases with
The equation conductance of 0.1 N NaCI at 250C is 25.2 ohm Cm² eq¹ . The equation conducta
The molar conductivity of a solution of any electrolyte is the product obtains the multiplying
The potential of standard H₂ electrode dipped in a solution of 1 M concentration and H₂ gas is pa
The potential of two metal electrodes used in a cell are 0.35 V and 0.8 V. The emf of the cell formed by combines them is
The standard reduction potential at 298 K for Zn⁺²Cr⁺³, H⁺, Fe⁺³ are
A storage cell is a device that can operate
The cathode of Ni - Cd battery is compored of
Fuel cells convert
The ionization of a strong electrolyte increase when the solution is diluted and relation is given
Acetic acid is a week electrolyte because
The degree of dissociation of acetic acid in an aqueous solution of the acid practically unaffected
Calomel is
When storage cell is operated as voltaic cell it is said to be
When a storage cell is operating as voltaic cell it is said to be
In lead - acid storage cell during dircharging operation the concentration of H₂ SO₄
A fuel cell converts
In hydrogen - oxygen fuel cell, the electrodes are made of
The cell whose reaction is reversible is called
In the concentration cells, the electrical energy is due to
A battery is a device that can operate
H₂ - O₂ fuel cells are used as auxiliary energy source in
Which of the following is a secondary battery?
UNIT - 3
The rurting of iron is catalyzed by one of the following
Corrosion is an example of
For the corrosion of iron one of the following factor is errential
The buried pipeline is protected from corrosion by connecting to Mg block. It is called
During wet corrosion
The metal at the top of electrochemical series is
Electrochemical corrosion can occur only if
During the electro chemical corrosion in acidic environment
During galvonic corrosion the more noble metal acts as
The process of cementation with Zn powder is known as
The rate of corrosion of iron in atmoshere depends upon
In water line corrosion the maximum amount of corrosion takes places
Addition of hydrazine - hydrate to corrosive environment
Anodic coating protects the underlying metal
The function of ammonium chloride used as flux in galvonization is to
The process of covering steel with tin to prevent it from corrosion is called
Sandblasting is used for removing the following from the metal surface
Acid picking of steel is carried out by dipping in
The following reagents are used for solvent deaning of the metal surface
Electroplating is a process of deposting a thin layer of a
Cathodic coatings if punctured
The oxygen carriers of the paint is called
Opacity and desired color to paint is provided by
The following metal is used for the cladding of aluminium
During corrosion of iron in aq. Solution
The deciding factor in atmosphereic corrosion is
In electrochemical corrosion
Answer/Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
Carbon
Petroleum
exothermic
Natural gas
charcoal
powdering of Coal
L C V = H C V 0.09 H 587
it ensures more complete combustion of the fuel
gaseous fuel
Alcohol
Bituminous coal
liguite < bituminous coal < anthracite
anthracite
anthracite
anthracite
bomb
lower
105
benzoic acid
high carbon - high calorific value
carbon and hydrogen
nitrogen
sulphur
nitrogen
oxygen
phosphorus
Barium salt
KOH and CaCl₂
KOH
finely divided state of the ash
7
till a constant weight is obtained
from moisture content, volatile matter and ash content
sulphur
75 to 80% yield and 5 15% volatile matter
water gas
coal gas
ferric oxide
passing a cool ine
Source of aromatic compounds
the electron liberated can travel through a conductor and consumed at a different place
zinc and copper electrodes
Al
any galvanic cell
Zn + Cd²⁺Zn²⁺ + Cd
oxidation potential of anode + reduction potential of cathode
0.46 v
copper
the cell reaction in not spontaneous
copper electrode
+0.35 volts
any of the electrodes mentioned
it is its reduction potential
hydrogen electrode
25C
both as an anode and cathode
Li⁺/Li
Zn displaces copper from copper salt solution
Hg₂Cl₂
decrease with increase in concentration of KCl soln
Hg₂Cl₂
A
B will reduce C⁺⁺
E = E + 0.0592/n log[M⁺]
0.4992 v
the electrolyte is the same but of different concentrations
C₁ = C₂
fuel into electrical energy directly
the chemical energy is converted into electica energy to about 70-80%
hydrogen
zinc and carbon
all the three together
1.5 v
Pb coated with PbO₂
decreases
water reacts with lithium
KOH
Mercury cells
2MnO₂ + H₂O + 2 e Mn₂O₃ + 2O
Hg
Deuteron
Mesons
Spin dependent
Artificial transmutation
Nucleus
A proton, an electron and an anti neutrino
Artificial transmutation of 4 Be 9 by alpha particles
1 eV
decay
10⁶ m/s
- rays travel with the speed of light
, ,
Rutherford
Hesup>+2</sup>
The nucleus of the atom
Thyroid
A neutrino
Neutrino
They obey inverse square law
Intermediate nuclei
8.7
Ratio of number of positron
First increase and then decreases
Not possible
For heavy nuclei the increase in bindig energy per nuclcon shows the contribution of the decreasing coulomb repulsion
2.5
Fission fragments
Super - critical chain reaction
Energy is released at steady rate
Delayed neutrons
Delayed neutrons
Absorb excess number of thermal neutrons
To slow down the neutrons to thermal energies
Breeder reactor
Liquid drop model of the nucleus
1
Greater for fission fragments than for parent nucleus
Can be different in each fission
The prodcuts are always Ba and Kr
1000 sec
Silicon, Positron
Nuclear fusion
Kinetic energy is high enough to over come coulomb repulsion between nuclei
Only between light nuclei
Proton - proton cylce
4, 2
Neutrino
greater than critical mass
Ultra-violet
Nuclear energy
The amount of sunlight that arrives at the earth as surface is constant
Semiconductors
PV cells conver solar energy directly into electrical power
Reflected photons
Solar power towers
200 F
occan tidal energy
U.V.
Plane mirror
Silver
Hot arid zones
Copper rods
Heliostats
Stratosphere
NO
Troposphere
Global warming
Hydrosphere
Global warming
CO₂
18C
CO₂
Increase in sea level
Chlorofluoro Carbons
To cut off U.V.
Thery are cheap
natural gas
natural gas
380 ppm

Hard water
Ions
Boiling
Calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate
Calcium sulphates and magnesium sulphate
Soft water 0-60 mg/l
Very hard water > 180 mg/l
Boiling
Decreases with rise of temperature
Ion exchange resin
sodium chloride
Degree French
Caustic embrittlement
Sodium sulphate
Boiler corrosion
sludge
Blow - down operation
Boiler corrosion
Decomposition of calcium bicarbonate
Foaming
Demineraliration
Mg(OH)₂ and Ar(OH)₃
Flocculation
Na₃PO₄
Lime soda process
Brine
CINH₂
Sodium hexa metaphosphate
Reverse osmosis
Anti foaming agent
increases with dilution
K + and I - have the same mobility
G is negative
Reduction takes place at anode
<span class="latex">\tt E = E^{o} - \frac{0.0591}{n} \ \log \frac{[oxide^{n}]}{[Red^{n}]}</span>
Is independent of nature of electrolyte
Zn - Cu cell
ohm¹ cm¹
decrease in the electrostatic forces of attraction between opporitely charged ions
The E values of the half cells
Chloride Ion
E.M.F
OV
Oxidation, reduction
Decreases to zero
Either to lose or gain electrons
Quinhydrone
0.2422 V
Their molecules are broken up into ions, when the electrolyte is fused on disolved in a solvent
NaCI crystal
Increase in concentration
0.2
Specific conductivity with the volume of the solution containing 1 gm mole of the electrolyte
OV
1.15 V
Zn⁺²
Both as voltaic cell and chemical cell
parte of Ni o(OH)₂
chemical energy of fuds directs to electricity
Arrhenius equation
It is weakly ionized
By diluting with water
Mercurous chloride
Discharging
Discharging
Decrease
chemical energy of fuds directs to electricity
an alloy of P allodium and silver
Secondary cell
Transfer of substance from one solution to another
Both voltaic cell and electric cell
space vehicles
Ni Cad cell

H⁺
Oxidation
Presence of both moirture and oxygen
sacrificial anodic protection
The anodic part undergoes oxidation
More active
The liquid medium in contact with metal
H² evolution occurs
Cathode
Sherardizing
All the above factors
Allong a line just below the level of water menircus
Retards cathodic reaction by consuming dissolved O₂
one to its higher electrode potential
Prevent oxide formation
Tinning
Oxide scale
warm Dil.HCl
Naptha
Inferior metal over superior base metal
causes accelerated corrosion of the base metal
Driers
Pigment
99.5% pure Al
Corrosion occurs at anode
Presence of oxygen in air
Anode undergoes oxidation
asing coulomb repulsion