Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Method
1. Preliminary considerations
2. Creating a title
3. Posing a general question
4. Listing the types of data collection and analysis
5. Making explicit your worldview
6. Identifying your research design
7. Drawing a figure of your design
8. Writing a purpose statement
9. Writing research questions
10. Completing a research plan
1) Preliminary considerations
(before you begin to design)
Research problem
Content any topics
Fit the problem to mixed methods (arguments)
Receptive audience
2) Create a working title
Writing the title
Short
Topic
Participants
Include the words Mixed methods
Neutral neither quan or qual
3) Pose the general question
to be answered
Write it as a question
Look to see how it is phrased
Make sure that it is specific enough and focused (an answerable question)
Ask yourself, when I end the study, what question would like to have
answered?
List your types of data collection
(a review)
Quantitative data (closed-ended) Qualitative data (open-ended)
Interviews
Instruments
Observations
Behavioral checklists Documents
Records Audio-visual materials
4) List your approach to data
analysis (a review)
Quantitative analysis Qualitative analysis
Use statistical analysis, Use text and images,
For description For coding
For comparing groups For theme development
For relating variables For relating themes
Design-type Design-type
5) Determine your worldview
Postpositivism Constructivism
Determination Understanding
Reductionism Multiple participant meanings
Empirical observation and Social and historical
measurement construction
Theory verification Theory generation
Advocacy/Participatory Pragmatism
Political Consequences of actions
Empowerment issue-oriented Problem-centered
Collaborative Pluralistic
Change-oriented Real-world practice oriented
Research philosophy
Explanatory, sequential, quan first QUAN QUAL QUAN qual Quan QUAL
Exploratory sequential, qual first QUAL QUAN Qual QUAN QUAL quan
QUAL QUAN
QUAN QUAL
Identify
QUAN QUAN QUAN result that QUAL QUAL QUAL Interpretation
Data Data Results needs to be Data Data Result QUAN to QUAL
Collection Analysis further Collection Analysis results
explained
Procedures
Procedures Synthesize two set
Identify major quantitative of findings in one
finding as context for discussion section
qualitative study
Generate research questions
Identify participants
Concurrent Mixed Method
Design with Merged Results
QUAN QUAL
Data Collection Data Collection
QUAN QUAL
Data Analysis Data Analysis
QUAN QUAL
Result Result
MERGE
Procedures Products
QUAN+QUAL Discussion of QUAN and QUAL
Compare QUAN and QUAL results
and interpret results
Concurrent Mixed Methods design
with Data Transformation
QUAN QUAN
Data Collection Data Analysis
Identify
Interpret QUAN
QUAN EXPERIMENT ambiguous and QUAL after
and QUAL
Pre test Program Intervention Post test unexpected Intervention
result
QUAN result
Mixing the QUAN and QUAL data
Type of Mixing Type of Design Why Mixing Occurs Where Mixing Occurs in
Research Process
This mixed methods study will address _________________ (overall content-aim of the study).
A triangulation mixed methods design will be used, and it is a type of design in which different
but complementary data will be collected on the same topic. In this study, _________________
(quantitative instruments) will be used to test the theory of _____________ (the theory) that
predicts that __________________ (independent variables) will influence ________________
(positively, negatively) the __________ (dependent variables or outcomes) for ____________
(participants) at __________ (the research site). Concurrent with this data collection,
qualitative _______________ (type of qualitative data, such as interviews) will explore
____________ (the central phenomenon) for _________________ (participants) at
_____________(site). The reason for collecting both quantitative and qualitative data are to
bring together the strengths of both forms of research to ___________________ (e.g., compare
results, validate results, corroborate results).
Write a purpose statement for a embedded
design
This mixed methods study will address _________________ (overall content aim
of the study). An embedded mixed method design will be used, and it is a design
in which one data set provides a supportive, secondary role in a study based
primarily on the other data set. The primary purpose of this study will use
________________ (quantitative instruments) to test the theory of
_____________ (the theory) that predicts that __________________
(independent variables) will influence ________________ (positively, negatively)
the __________ (dependent variables or outcomes) for ____________
(participants) at __________ (the research site). A secondary purpose will be to
gather qualitative data _______________ (type of qualitative data, such as
interviews) that will explore ____________ (the central phenomenon) for
_________________ (participants) at _____________(site). The reason for
collecting the secondary database is ________________ (e.g., to address
different question, to provide support for the primary purpose).
Write a purpose statement for an
explanatory design
Content-focused:
How do the interviews with adolescent boys support the quantitative results
that their self-esteem changes during the middle school years?
Books:
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd
ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Greene, J. C. (2007). Mixed methods in social inquiry. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Mertens, D. M. (2005). Research methods in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with
quantitative and qualitative approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Plano Clark, V. L., & Creswell, J. W. (2008). The mixed methods reader. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative
approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (Eds.) (2003). Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral
research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Articles and Chapters:
Caracelli, V. J., & Greene, J. C. (1993). Data analysis strategies for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation
and Policy Analysis, 15 (2), 195-207.
Creswell, J. W., Plano Clark, V. L., Gutmann, M., & Hanson, W. (2003). Advanced mixed methods research designs. In: A.
Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research (pp. 209-240). Thousand Oaks,
CA: Sage.
Creswell, J. W., Plano Clark, V. L., & Garrett, A. L. (2008). Methodological issues in conducting mixed methods research. In
M.M. Bergman (Ed.), Advances in mixed methods research. London: Sage.
Greene, J. C., Caracelli, V. J., & Graham, W. F. (1989). Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs.
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 11 (3), 255-274.
Ivankova, N. V., Creswell, J. W., & Stick, S. (2006). Using mixed methods sequential explanatory design: From theory to
practice. Field Methods, 18(1), 3-20.
Morgan, D. L. (2007). Paradigms lost and pragmatism regained. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1, 48-76.
Morse, J. M. (1991). Approaches to qualitative-quantitative methodological triangulation. Nursing Research, 40, 120-123.