Biology 5A

Introduction to Cell & Molecular Biology

Lecture 12

Cellular Respiration (II)

Photosynthesis (I)

10/25/17
 Overview of cellular respiration
(in the presence of O2)
CYTOSOL Electron shuttles MITOCHONDRION
span membrane 2 NADH
or
2 FADH2

2 NADH 2 NADH 6 NADH 2 FADH2

Glycolysis Oxidative
2 2 Citric phosphorylation:
Glucose Pyruvate Acetyl acid electron transport
CoA cycle and
chemiosmosis

+ 2 ATP + 2 ATP + about 26 or 28 ATP

Maximum per glucose: About

30 or 32 ATP
 what does pyruvate do
in the absence of O2?
glycolysis still makes a bit of ATP
but it also generates NADH, pyruvate
which have no place to go

cells use fermentation to recycle

NAD+ back to glycolysis
 two types of fermentation

ethanol (alcohol) lactic acid

fermentation fermentation

bacteria, in our muscles

yeast
oxidation of other fuels
Beta oxidation
Cellular Respiration - summary

Glycolysis
Pyruvate oxidation
Oxidative phosphorylation
Fermentation
Energy flow in our ecosystem
Photosynthesis
occurs in
chloroplasts
Photosynthesis as a redox reaction

becomes reduced

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy C6H12O6 + 6O2

becomes oxidized

Has a G = +686 kcal/mol

Endergonic
Not spontaneous
Requires energy
Products have higher free energy than reactants
overall reactions of Photosynthesis
Electron carrier in Photosynthesis is NADP+
NAD+ NADP+
 pigments in
Porphyrin photosynthesis
ring

chlorophyll a, b,
carotenoids

structure of
chlorophyll a
Photosystem