ASD TGS-Operational-Manual - 19022009 PDF

TGS Operations & Maintenance Manual Revision No: 00
Ramp Services Document Ref. RS/OAM/01 Revision Date: 05-09-08
TGS Operations & Maintenance Manual
Second Edition
Issue date: 5th September, 2008

Effective date: 5th September, 2008
Up to date copy of TGS Manual is now available on PIA Local Area Network
(tms.piac.com.pk, webmail.piac.aero) and is accessible to all PIA employees.
Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission

Section - 1
TGS Operations

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION - 1: TGS OPERATIONS
1. GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1AMENDMENTS ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.2LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES .............................................................................................................. 5
1.3INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 6
1.4ABBREVIATIONS........................................................................................................................ 7
2. ORGANIZATION AND KEY JOB RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................. 8
2.1 DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATIONAL CHART ............................................................................. 9
3. INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMING THE DUTY FOR OPERATORS .................10
3.1 DUTY TIME REGULATIONS: .......................................................................................................... 11
3.2 WI FOR PERSONAL PROTECTION ON DUTY ................................................................................. 12
3.3 WI FOR OPERATING PRACTICES ON DUTY .................................................................................. 13
4. WI FOR VEHICLE INSPECTION .........................................................................................................15
5. EQUIPMENTS HANDLING AT RAMP AREA ...............................................................................17
5.1 WI FOR DRIVING THE GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENTS AT RAMP AREA .................................. 18
5.2 SOP FOR PRE-DEPARTURE PLANNING ........................................................................................ 20
5.3SERVICE DELIVERY PROCEDURE FOR AIRCRAFT DEPARTURE ..................................................... 21
5.4 WI FOR GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT POSITIONING FOR AIRCRAFT DEPARTURE ................ 23
5.5 SOP FOR PRE-ARRIVAL PLANNING ............................................................................................. 24
5.6 SERVICE DELIVERY PROCEDURE FOR AIRCRAFT ARRIVAL ......................................................... 25
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED FOR DEPLOYMENT OF AIRCRAFT ........................... 27
5.7 WI FOR GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT POSITIONING AT AIRCRAFT ARRIVAL ........................ 28
6. DEPLOYMENT OF GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT...............................................................29
6.1 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF TUG MASTER ON AIRCRAFT ............................................................... 29
6.2 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF GPU ON AIRCRAFT ............................................................................. 31
6.3 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF WATER CART/FLUSH CART ON AIRCRAFT ....................................... 32
6.4 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF AMBULIFTER ON AIRCRAFT ............................................................... 33
6.5 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF LOWER LOBE LOADER ON AIRCRAFT ................................................ 34
6.6 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF BELT LOADER ON AIRCRAFT.............................................................. 35
6.7 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF START CART ON AIRCRAFT ................................................................ 35
6.8 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF AIR CONDITIONING VAN ON AIRCRAFT ........................................... 37
6.9 WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF PASSENGER BUS ................................................................................... 38
6.10. WI FOR DEPLOYMENT OF TRACTOR TROLLEY ON AIRCRAFT .................................................. 39
6.11. RELEASE OF GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENTS FROM THE AIRCRAFT ....................................... 40
7. WI FOR POST FLIGHT ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................41
8. WI FOR MARSHALLING ......................................................................................................................42
9. AIRSIDE SAFETY.....................................................................................................................................46
9.1 WI FOR FIRE PROTECTION AND PREVENTION .............................................................................. 47
9.2. WI FOR HANDLING FUEL SPILLAGE............................................................................................. 49
9.3 WI FOR HANDLING DANGEROUS GOODS INCIDENTS ................................................................ 50
9.4SOP FOR HANDLING RAMP (GROUND HANDLING) ACCIDENTS / INCIDENTS ........................ 51
10. AIRCRAFT MOVEMENT SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ...........................................................52
10.1. WI FOR SAFETY CONSIDERATION AT THE TIME OF PUSH BACK OPERATIONS ........................ 53

10.2. WI FOR SAFETY CONSIDERATION AT THE TIME OF TOWING OPERATIONS ............................. 55

10.3 WI FOR SAFETY CONSIDERATION DURING THE MOVEMENT IN/OUT OF HANGERS .............. 56
10.4. WI FOR SAFETY CONSIDERATION WHILE OPERATING THE EQUIPMENTS ............................... 57
11. FOREIGN OBJECT DEBRIS (FOD) ...................................................................................................60
12. SOP FOR POTABLE WATER SERVICING .....................................................................................61
13. WI FOR PLACEMENT/REMOVAL OF SAFETY CONES ............................................................62
14. SAFETY CAUTION IN AIRCRAFT FUELLING OPERATION ..................................................63
1 Fuel safety zones:............................................................................................. 63
2 Fuel Hose Safety ............................................................................................. 63
3 Fuel spillage...................................................................................................... 64
ln the event of a fuel spillage the following actions should take place: ....................... 64
4 Ground support equipment: ........................................................................... 64
5 Fuelling with crew or other persons onboard ............................................ 65
f) Related Records ..................................................................................................... 65
15. SOP FOR THE ISSUANCE OF GSE DRIVING PERMIT .............................................................66
16 AIRCRAFT DEPARTURE PROCEDURE OF ALL AIRCRAFT OF PIA FLEET .......................68
17 AIRCRAFT ARRIVAL PROCEDURE FOR ALL AIRCRAFT OF PIA FLEET ...........................71
APPENDICES ..........................................................................................................................................73
(ANNEXURE I) .................................................................................................................................... 74
INCIDENT REPORT FORM ................................................................................................................... 74
(ANNEXURE II) ................................................................................................................................... 77
GSE DRIVING PERMIT ISSUANCE FORM.......................................................................................... 77
(ANNEXURE III).................................................................................................................................. 79
SPECIMEN OF GSE DRIVING PERMIT ............................................................................................... 79
SECTION - 2
TGS MAINTENANCE
1. GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1. AMENDMENTS ............................................................................................................................... 3
1.2. LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES ........................................................................................................ 5
1.3. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 6
1.4. ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................... 7
2. INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DUTY .................................................................................... 8
2.1. DUTY TIME REGULATIONS .............................................................................................................. 8
2.2. PERSONAL PROTECTION ................................................................................................................. 8
3. WI/OPERATING PRACTICES FOR SAFETY ........................................................................... 9
4. SERVICE DELIVERY PROCEDURE FOR EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE ...................10
4.1. SOP FOR UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE .......................................................................12
4.2. SOP FOR PREVENTIVE/SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE .................................................14
4.3. SOP FOR DAILY INSPECTION.................................................................................................15
APPENDICES ..........................................................................................................................................16
(ANNEXURE I) .................................................................................................................................... 17
FORM 1: EQUIPMENT LOGBOOK ........................................................................................................ 17
(ANNEXURE II) ................................................................................................................................... 18

FORM 2: DAILY INSPECTION REPORT ............................................................................................... 18

(ANNEXURE III).................................................................................................................................. 19
FORM 3: ISSUE VOUCHER (CONSUMABLE SPARES/CONSUMABLE STORES) .................................. 19
(ANNEXURE IV) ................................................................................................................................. 20
FORM 4: HELD UP FORM .................................................................................................................... 20
(ANNEXURE V) ................................................................................................................................... 21
TAG 1: REPAIR TAG ............................................................................................................................. 21
(ANNEXURE VI) ................................................................................................................................. 22
MASTER LIST OF EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................ 22

1. General
Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 1

Intentionally Left Blank

1.1 AMENDMENTS
S. ENTERED
CHAPTER/ REV. REV.
PAGE NO.
NO. SECTION NO. DATE By On


1.2 List of Effective Pages
Chapter Effective Revision

Title Revision No.
No. Pages Date
1 General 1-7 00 05-09-08
ORGANIZATION AND KEY JOB

2 8-9 00 05-09-08
RESPONSIBILITIES
INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMING THE

3 10-14 00 05-09-08
DUTY FOR OPERATORS
4 WI for Vehicle Inspection 15-16 00 05-09-08
5 EQUIPMENTS HANDLING AT RAMP AREA 17-28 00 05-09-08
6 Deployment of Ground Support Equipment 29-40 00 05-09-08
7 WI for post flight activities 41-41 00 05-09-08
8 WI for Marshalling 42-45 00 05-09-08
9 Airside Safety 46-51 00 05-09-08
10 Aircraft Movement Safety Considerations 52-59 00 05-09-08
11 Foreign Object Debris (FOD) 60-60 00 05-09-08
12 SOP for Potable Water Servicing 61-61 00 05-09-08
13 WI for Placement/Removal of Safety Cones 62-62 00 05-09-08
14 Safety Caution in Aircraft fuelling operation 63-65 00 05-09-08
15 Sop for the Issuance of GSE Driving Permit 66-67 00 05-09-08
16 Aircraft Departure Procedure of all Aircraft of PIA Fleet 68-70 00 28-01-09
17 Aircraft Arrival Procedure for All Aircraft of PIA Fleet 71-72 00 28-01-09
16 APPENDICES 73-79 00 05-09-08

1.3 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this manual is to lay down certain guidelines for all TGS
Ramp/Apron procedures and the complete method of handling an aircraft so
not to compromise the safety of the aircraft or passengers in any way. We want
to ensure that by following the correct procedures and the efficient use of ground
equipment, delays to flight are minimized and the safety factor for our
passengers, aircraft and equipment is improved.
The procedures reflected within this manual are to be adhered to at all times. In
case of doubt in any matter, please refer to a senior officer on duty.
TGS considers safety a top priority that cannot be overemphasized. We depend

on the operators ability to operate GSE and all vehicles properly. We also expect
operators to be aware of all required safety practices and to adhere to all the
policies and regulations. If rules and procedures are complied with on the ramp,
safety becomes the norm. Many of the rules and regulations listed within this
manual will be repeated several times as we are compelled to stress the safety
aspects of our operations at every opportunity.

1.4 ABBREVIATIONS
*TGS Technical Ground Support

PHS Passenger Handling Services
RS Ramp Services
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
WI Work Instructions
FOD Foreign Object Debris
GSE Ground Support Equipment
GPU Ground Power Unit
MG Mobile Ground
Km Kilometer
* Note: For reference purpose the term TGS may be read as GSE

2. ORGANIZATION AND KEY JOB

RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1 Departmental Organizational Chart

General Manager
Dy. GM Dy. GM
TGS- ISB Dy. GM Assistant Manager Dy . GM
TGS- LHE ( Operations) KHI Planning (GSE) (Maintenance ) KHI
Manager Ops
In Charge
In charge In charge OPS OPS In Charge Manager In charge ULDs
Non-Motorize
TGS- KDU TGS- MUX Control Officer Control Officer Ramp Transport Maintenance KHI Maintenance Shop
Shop
Shift A Shift B
OPS OPS Assistant

In Charge In charge Assistant Mgr Assistant Mgr
Control Officer Control Officer Manager Line
TGS- PEW TGS- LYP MGE Ramp Equipment
Shift C Shift D Stations
In Charge In charge loaders In charge

In charge In charge Engine LLL / (MDL) TGS- UET
TGS- GIL Scheduler
TGS- DEA Overhaul Shop
In charge
Towing In charge
In Charge In charge
TGS- CJL In charge Fork Lifter TGS- WNS
Tool Store
In charge
Ramp In charge In charge
In charge C/Van Shop TGS- SKZ
AC Shop
In charge
Mobile Ground In charge In charge
Equipment
. In charge Painting & Denting TGS- MJD
Aircraft Tow Tractor
In charge
Ramp In charge /Washing In charge
Transport In charge Servicing Shop TGS- TUK
Tyre Shop
Field
In charge Tractor In charge
Supervisor In charge
Battery /Electric & Truck Shop TGS- PSI
Shop
Equipment In charge pax step
Operators In charge In charge
& conveyor belt
Machine Shop TGS- GWD
In charge Ramp
In charge
Coaster & Coach
Shift Incharge
F/C W/C S/C GPU Shop
Maintenance
In charge
Electric Shop
Note: Detailed Job Descriptions are available in Job Descriptions Manual
9
3. INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMING

THE DUTY FOR OPERATORS

10
Before reporting duty you should have following documents complete and
valid.
1. Valid driving license from traffic police (for vehicle operators).

2. Valid apron driving license from Civil Aviation Authority (for operators
only).
3. Apron Pass.
4. PIA identity card.
5. GSE Driving Permit
3.1 Duty Time Regulations:
Duty time regulations are implemented for the safety of the personnel and
associated equipment. They are not to be taken lightly and must be strictly
adhered to. A specified period of rest following every shift is mandatory
before resumption of duty.

11
3.2 WI for Personal Protection on Duty
a) Purpose:
The following Work Instruction is to be followed for the personal
protection of personnel at the time of performing duty on ramp
area.
b) Scope/Application:
All ramp areas used by personnel to perform duty
c) Responsibilities:
All personnel performing duties at Ramp area
d) Instructions:
1. Safety Shoes (steel toe shoes) or boots should be worn to

prevent foot injuries.
2. Outer garments that contain reflective material and are of high

visibility colors should be worn by any person whose duties
require airside access. The design, material and layout of the
high visibility garment should take into consideration both
local regulations and specific operating conditions, e.g.
weather.
3. Gloves should be worn by material handling personnel and

equipment operators.
4. Protective gloves should be worn as appropriate to the job

function, e.g. lavatory servicing.
5. Jewellery such as rings and identification bracelets should not

be worn.
6. Neckties should not be worn, unless they are of the quick

release (clip) type.
e) Related Documents:
IATA Airport Handling Manual
f) Related Records:

12
3.3 WI for Operating Practices on Duty
a) Purpose:
The following Work Instruction is to be followed for the operating
practices on ramp area.
All ramp areas used by personnel to perform duty
All personnel performing duties at Ramp area
d) Instructions:
1. Personnel shall not walk or stand on a moving conveyor belt.
2. Personnel shall not ride up or down on the rear platform of a

loader.
3. Personnel should never attempt to jump off or on a moving vehicle.
4. Personnel should not be transported on equipment unless there is a

seat for the passenger.
5. Personnel on moving equipment must be seated properly and

should keep their bodies within the confines of the vehicle
structure.
6. Personnel must not ride on elevating platforms when the vehicle is

in the drive mode.
7. Personnel should not walk on rollers or castors.
8. Personnel should remain clear of propellers, engine inlets and

exhausts until after the engines have spooled down and, in case of
propellers have stopped turning.
9. Personnel and equipment must not pass through the arc of a

propeller at any time, including when it is stationary.
10. Personnel should stand clear of exits/entrances of facilities when a

train of carts/dollies passes.

13
11. Operators of equipment shall ensure that other personnel are not
entrapped by movement of load/pallets/containers either in the
aircraft or on the loading equipment.
12. Gates of loaded carts should be lowered carefully. Serious injuries

have resulted from cargo tumbling out of carts.
13. Loose objects (FOD) dropped or observed on the apron must be

picked up to avoid FOD.
f) Related Records:

14
4. WI for Vehicle Inspection
a) Purpose:
The following Work Instruction is to be followed to inspect all vehicles for
any problems or damage, prior to being taken responsibility of by an
operator.
All vehicles deployed by TGS Operations.
All Ground Support Equipment operators at all stations
d) Instructions:
1. After joining duty, check your vehicle according to inspection method.
2. Carefully view your vehicle and if any short comings/signs of accident

exist, report the same to your supervisor for resolving the problem.
3. Conduct the following exterior inspection of the vehicle before taking

the charge of vehicle.
Leakage of oil from engine.

Leakage of Petrol/Diesel.
Diesel quantity (capped properly).
Bonnet is fixed properly.
Side and back mirror.
Wind shield and wipers.
Doors opening/closing.
Air pressure in tyres.
Fire Extinguisher.
Rubber buffers.
Sign of any accident/damage.
4. Conduct the following electrical system inspection of the vehicle

before taking the charge of vehicle
Water level of battery and connection of terminals.

Upper half of head lights are painted black.
Indicators are working.
Tail and brake lights are working.
Apron light is working.
Red lights are working.

15
Horn is working.
5. Start engine and check oil, fuel electric and water meters.
f) Related Records:

16
5. Equipments Handling at Ramp Area

17
5.1 WI for Driving the Ground Support Equipments at Ramp Area
a) Purpose:
This Work Instruction explains the methodology, which should be
followed for driving the Ground Support Equipments at ramp area.
International & Domestic flights ramp area at all stations.
All Ground Support Equipment operators at all stations
d) Instructions:
1. Sit right behind the steering wheel. Considering steering wheel a clock,
keep your right hand on two and your left on ten.
2. Your hand will never cross each other while moving steering wheel.
3. Keep your driving seat according to height so that all the controls
remain in your reach. If necessary use extra cushions.
4. Do not use brakes only to slow down the vehicle as this could be done
by controlling engine. Try to minimize the use of brakes.
5. Always use indicators before turning or changing the lane and take a
while so that other vehicles see your indicators.
6. Take care of other people. Give sufficient space to other vehicles.
7. Take care of pedestrians. In case of accident moral supports always

rest with pedestrians which can cause trouble for you.
8. Concentrate on the road because road condition may suddenly change.

Prepare yourself for unforeseen/accident.
9. While on duty, racing is childish. Its better to proceed few minutes

earlier than overtaking other vehicles.
10. Never ever overtake on round-about, turnings, and crossings or on

narrow roads.
11. Make sure that the vehicle ahead can give you a way and only then
blow your horns. Also blow your horns well before you want to over
take.

18
12. Never overload your vehicle.
13. Never smoke while driving because it may affect your vision.
14. Drive more carefully if scattered goods or obstacles are in your way.
15. Drive very carefully in front of passenger lounges because any time
any puzzled passenger come across your vehicle.
16. Drive with extra courtesy and patience.
17. Whenever your vehicle is not in use, take the same to parking area.
18. Occupy minimum possible space while parking your vehicle and
always left sufficient space for other vehicles.
19. An aircraft has the right of way over all vehicles.
20. Use emergency stops only when necessary.
21. All GSE must yield to responding emergency vehicles.
22. Do not drive underneath any portion of an aircraft, except when

performing an assigned duty.
23. Any vehicle accidents, whether between another vehicle and an

aircraft should be reported immediately to a supervisor.
f) Related Records:

19
5.2 SOP for Pre-Departure Planning
a) Purpose:
This Standard Operating Procedure explains the methodology, which
should be followed for Pre-departure Planning of Ground Support
Equipment before the Aircraft departure on all International & Domestic
flights.
Manager Operations, Operation Control Officer, Scheduler, In-charge
Towing, In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground and In-charge
Transport.
d) Procedure:
1. The Manager Operations will distribute a plan to the Operations
Control Officer for provision of equipment and manpower on the basis
of seasonal schedule.
2. The Operations Control Officer will receive the daily Flight Movement
Plan and distribute copies to each of the 4 sections who will plan for
provision of equipments according to the type of aircraft.
3. The Scheduler will allocate the manpower for handling of each flight
in consultation with their concerned Sectional In-charges.
4. The In-charge Towing, Ramp, Mobile Ground and Transport will plan
for provision of ground equipment according to the type of aircraft
concerned.
5. The Operations Control Officer will check the equipment availability
and total number of arrivals/departures to manage the provision of
equipments.
6. If the equipments are unavailable, The Operations Control Officer will
coordinate with the Maintenance Manager for the availability of
equipment.
f) Related Records:
Mobile Ground Equipment Log
Towing Equipment Log
Transport Log
Ramp Equipment Log

20
5.3 Service Delivery Procedure for Aircraft Departure
21
a) Purpose:
should be followed for Ground Support Equipment provisioning before
the Aircraft departure on all International & Domestic flights.
Towing, In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground, In-charge Transport
and Field Supervisor at all stations.
d) Procedure:
Manager Operations makes equipment provision plan based on seasonal

flight schedule and disseminates to concerned areas of operations. Based
on this basic plan and daily flight movement Scheduler makes man power
availability in consultation with the concerned area in-charges. As shown
in service delivery procedure in planning stage all area in-charges make
provisioning of equipment according to the aircraft type on daily basis as
per flight movement. In case of non-serviceability or non-availability of
any equipment, maintenance section is coordinated for mitigation of
problem. In-charge Towing coordinates with Engineering Department for
timely parking of aircraft at designated bay.
In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground and In-charge Transport

ensures the parking of their equipment at standby as per standard time.
Field Supervisor ensures the functioning of all equipment and
replacement of unserviceable equipment in time. On completion of
operations on aircraft for departure he ensures the safe release of
equipment from aircraft at standard time maintaining close coordination
with GOC.
In-charge Towing coordinates with Engineering and GOC for push back
of aircraft at standard time before departure. Operations Control Officer
prepares post flight records. Manager Operations reviews performance or
any special incident with all area In-charges on daily basis and
communicate any improvement measures to all concerned to be catered
for in future.
f) Related Records:
Reference: WIs and SOPs for equipment provision at departure.

5.4 WI for Ground Support Equipment Positioning for Aircraft

Departure
a) Purpose:
followed for positioning of Ground Support Equipment for the Aircraft
departure on all International & Domestic flights.
In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground and In-charge Transport at all
stations.
d) Instructions:
1. If the equipments are available, the In-charges Ramp, Mobile Ground

and Transport will park their equipment in the standby position at
the standard time prior to scheduled arrival time.
2. The In-charge Towing will coordinate with Engineering and provide

towing facility to park the allocate aircraft at the standard time prior
to the scheduled departure time.
3. The In-charge Towing, Ramp, Mobile Ground and Transport will

park their equipment at standby position at the standard time prior
to scheduled departure time.
4. The In-charge Ramp ensures the placement of tractors, dollies and

trolleys at the baggage segregation area.
5. The Field Supervisor will check the functioning of equipments.
6. If equipment is not functioning properly, the Field Supervisor

coordinates with the Maintenance Recovery Unit to ensure the
replacement of equipment.
f) Related Records:

5.5 SOP for Pre-Arrival Planning

a) Purpose:
should be followed for Pre-arrival Planning of Ground Support
Equipment before the Aircraft arrival on all flights.
Towing, Ramp, Mobile Ground and In-charge Transport at all stations.
d) Procedure:
1. The Manager Operations will distribute a plan to the Operations

Control Officer for provision of equipment and manpower on the basis
of seasonal schedule.
2. The Operations Control Officer will receive the daily Flight Movement
Plan and distribute copies to each of the 4 sections who will plan for
provision of equipment according to the type of aircraft.
3. The Scheduler will allocate the manpower for handling of each flight
in consultation with their concerned sectional charges.
4. The In-charge Towing, Ramp, Mobile Ground and Transport will plan
for provision of ground equipment according to the type of aircraft
concerned.
5. The Operations Control Officer will check the equipment availability

and total number of arrivals/departures to manage the provision of
equipments.
6. If the equipments are unavailable, the Operations Control Officer will

coordinate with the Maintenance Manager for the availability of
equipment.
7. If the equipments are available, the In-charges Ramp, Mobile Ground

and Transport will park their equipment in the stand by position at the
standard time prior to scheduled arrival time.
f) Related Records:
Mobile Ground Equipment Log
Towing Equipment Log
Transport Log
Ramp Equipment Log

5.6 Service Delivery Procedure for Aircraft Arrival
25
a) Purpose:
This Service Delivery Procedure explains the methodology, which should
be followed for Ground Support Equipment provisioning before the
Aircraft arrival on all International & Domestic flights.
Towing, In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground, In-charge Transport
and Field Supervisor at all stations.
d) Procedure:
Manager Operations makes equipment provision plan based on seasonal

flight schedule and disseminates to concerned areas of operations. Based
on this basic plan and daily flight movement Scheduler makes man power
availability in consultation with the concerned area in-charges. As shown
in service delivery procedure in planning stage all area in-charges make
provisioning of equipment according to the aircraft type on daily basis as
per flight movement. In case of non-serviceability or non-availability of
any equipment, maintenance section is coordinated for mitigation of
problem.
In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground and In-charge Transport

ensures the parking of their equipment at standby as per standard time
before arrival. Field Supervisor ensures the functioning of all equipment
and replacement of unserviceable equipment in time. On completion of
operations on aircraft he ensures the safe release of equipment from
aircraft at standard time maintaining close coordination with GOC.
In-charge Towing coordinates with Engineering for towing the aircraft to

their facility for servicing if required. Operation Control Officer prepares
post flight records. Manager Operations reviews performance or any
special incident with all area In-charges on daily basis and communicate
any improvement measures to all concerned to be catered for in future.
f) Related Records:
Reference: WIs and SOPs for equipment provision at arrivals.

Additional Instructions to be followed for Deployment of Aircraft
1. Aircraft engineer or authorized technician will be in charge or all vehicular

movement around aircraft before thumbs up signal.
2. Instructions of Aircraft engineer or authorized technician to be followed before

approaching for deployment.
3. No vehicle to approach aircraft until aircraft is parked.
4. All vehicular movement in or around aircraft wait for thumbs up hand signal
before positioning of vehicle.
5. Ensure no movement of aircraft is observed.
6. In addition, after thumbs up signal all vehicles operator to ensure visually,

placement of chocks fore and aft on nose and main landing gear (out board tyres
only) before approaching the aircraft.

5.7 WI for Ground Support Equipment Positioning at Aircraft Arrival
a) Purpose:
followed for positioning of Ground Support Equipment before the
Aircraft arrival on all International & Domestic flights.
In-charge Ramp, In-charge Mobile Ground and In-charge Transport at all
stations.
d) Instructions:
1. The Ramp, Mobile Ground and Transport In-charges will park their
respective equipment at standby position at standard time prior to
arrival.
2. The Field Supervisor will check the functioning of equipments.
3. If equipment is not functioning properly, the Field Supervisor

coordinates with the Maintenance Recovery Unit to ensure the
replacement of equipment.
4. The Field Supervisor will then also check the functioning of the
replaced.
f) Related Records:

6. Deployment of Ground Support Equipment

6.1 WI for Deployment of Tug Master on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Tug Master on aircraft.
Tug Master Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. The Tug Master must be driven very slowly at all times, with a
maximum speed of 5km/h.
2. Marshalling the Tug Master is the responsibility of the Engineering

Personnel.
3. When approaching the aircraft, the operator will test the brakes at a
distance of 20 feet from the aircraft.
4. The operator will position the Tug Master with the help of the
Marshaller.
5. The Engineer will then attach the tow bar, already attached to the
aircraft, to the Tug Master.
6. The Engineer will remain in contact with the cockpit, and with the
use of signals, communicate the direction of pushback to the Tug
Master operator.
7. The operator of the Tug Master will approach the aircraft nose gear
from in front of the aircraft, in reverse, stopping at a distance of 20
feet to perform a brake check.
8. The operator will then proceed to approach the aircraft following the
Marshallers instructions.
9. The tow bar, which must already be attached to the aircraft, will then
be attached to the Tug Master by the Engineering Personnel.

10. The Tug Master operator will then check the tow bar connection, the
locking pin and the shear bolts and ensure that they are correct.
11. The Engineering Personnel, who are in contact with the cockpit, will
coordinate the release of the aircraft brakes with the Tug Master
operator thereby transferring the brakes to the Tug Master operator.
12. Under normal circumstances, the Engineer will be responsible for

ensuring the aircraft surroundings are clear, however when required,
Engineering will depute wing walkers who will follow the progress
of the aircraft through the pushback until it is clear of any adjacent
aircraft.
f) Related Records:

6.2 WI for Deployment of GPU on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of GPU on aircraft on all International &
Domestic flights.
GPU Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. Position the GPU on the right side of the aircraft.
2. Check the brakes at a distance of 20 feet from the aircraft.
3. Do not proceed closer to the aircraft until the aircraft has been
chocked and the marshal gives the go ahead.
4. Stop at a distance of 10 feet from the aircraft. You should be visible to

the aircrafts first officer.
5. Deploy the hand brake and chocks, leaving the vehicle in neutral
gear
6. Normally it is the responsibility of the Engineering Department to

marshal the GPU, and attach the GPU receptacle to the aircraft.
7. The driver is to remain with the vehicle throughout the procedure.
8. Upon removal, replace the lead and the ladder in the GPU.
f) Related Records:

6.3 WI for Deployment of Water Cart/Flush Cart on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Water Cart/Flush Cart on aircraft on all
International & Domestic flights.
Water Cart/Flush Cart Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. Position the vehicle 20 feet away from the aircraft in the reverse
position.
2. After ensuring the path behind the vehicle is clear, and the Marshaller
is visible at all times.
3. Following the Marshallers instructions, reverse and stop the vehicle 5

feet from the aircraft.
4. Deploy the hand brake and the chocks and leave the vehicle in neutral.
5. After servicing, carefully drive the vehicle away from the aircraft.
6. Operation of water cart and flush cart must not be performed at the
same time.
7. Operator to ensure that he will not fill water/blue water more than the
specified limit of the tank
f) Related Records:

6.4 WI for Deployment of Ambulifter on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Ambulifter on aircraft on all International &
Domestic flights.
Ambulifter Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. Position the vehicle perpendicular to the aircraft whilst outside the

equipment restraint area.
2. Apply the brakes 20 feet from the aircraft.
3. Traffic personnel will marshal the vehicle to within 5 feet of the aircraft
ensuring that it remains perpendicular to the aircraft.
4. Align the vehicle perpendicular to the aircraft, and with the help of the
Marshaller, bring the loading platform to within a few inches of the
closed door.
5. After the door has been opened, gently attach the loading platform
with the aircraft, taking care not to damage the door.
f) Related Records:

6.5 WI for Deployment of Lower Lobe Loader on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Lower Lobe Loader on aircraft on all
Lower Lobe Loader Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. With the help of a Marshaller, the driver will position the vehicle 3
feet from the aircraft and deploy the hand brake.
2. The Marshaller will signal the driver from the upper platform to
bring the platform to within 6 inches of the door.
3. The traffic personnel will open the door of the aircraft and Marshall
the loader into position.
4. The driver will deploy the handbrake and lower the hydraulic jacks,
and leave the gear in neutral.
5. Upon unloading, the traffic personal will close the door after which
the driver will lower the platform from the aircraft.
6. The driver will then raise the hydraulic jacks, and with the directions
of the Marshaller back away from the aircraft.
7. At a distance of 10 feet from the aircraft, the Marshaller will direct

the driver towards a clear area, and the driver will vacate the area
driving forwards.
f) Related Records:

6.6 WI for Deployment of Belt Loader on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Belt Loader on aircraft on all flights.
Belt Loader Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. The belt loader should be parked perpendicular to the aircraft, when in

the equipment holding area.
2. At a distance of 20 feet from the aircraft, the operator should perform a

brake test.
3. A quick inspection of the vehicle paying particular attention to the

rubber buffer at the end of the belt should be made.
4. With the help of the Marshaller, the driver will slowly bring the
vehicle to within 10 feet of the aircraft.
5. The driver will then raise the belt to the height of the aircraft door and
proceed further, with the help of the Marshaller attaching the belt to
the aircraft.
6. The driver will then apply the handbrake and chock the vehicle.
7. After unloading, the driver will perform a visual inspection of the area
around the vehicle for fallen luggage/debris, before slowly backing
the vehicle away from the aircraft with the help of the Marshaller.
8. At a distance of 15 feet from the aircraft the operator will lower the belt
and proceed to back away from the aircraft.
9. At a distance of 20 feet from the aircraft the operator will vacate the
area normally.
f) Related Records:
6.7 WI for Deployment of Start Cart on Aircraft

a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Start Cart on aircraft on all International &
Domestic flights.
Start Cart Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. The start cart is positioned in reverse, and must be done carefully with
the help of a Marshaller.
2. The driver will test the brakes at a distance of 20 feet from the aircraft,
keeping the vehicle positioned so as to reverse into its position.
3. Keeping the Marshaller in view, the driver will reverse slowly till a
distance of 10 feet from the aircraft, where he will stop the vehicle and
apply the hand brake.
4. Upon completion of duty, the driver will secure the pipe, and with the
help of the Marshaller vacate the aircraft.
5. The driver should be aware that of oil/fuel spills so near to the aircraft.
6. Equipment will remain in standby and will only be deployed on

request of aircraft engineer or authorized technician.
f) Related Records:

6.8 WI for Deployment of Air conditioning Van on Aircraft

a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Air Conditioning Van on aircraft on all
Air conditioning Van Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. The operator will test the brakes at a distance of 20 feet from the
aircraft, keeping the vehicle positioned appropriately in the
equipment holding area.
2. Keeping the Marshaller in view, the operator will reverse slowly till a
distance of 10 feet from the aircraft, where he will stop the vehicle
and apply the hand brake.
3. Upon completion of duty, the operator will secure the pipe, and with
the help of the Marshaller vacate the aircraft.
4. Keeping the Marshaller in view at all times, the operator will position
the vehicle at a distance of 10 feet from the aircraft, where he will
apply the hand brake and chock the vehicle.
5. The operator will securely attach the pipe to the aircraft and then
start the A/C engine.
6. The operator will remain with the vehicle continuously, monitoring

the temperature. In case of the engine overheating, he will shut it
down.
7. Upon completion of duty, the operator will secure the pipe and
remove the chocks.
8. Keeping the Marshaller in sight, the operator will slowly back the
vehicle away from the aircraft.
9. In case the operator looses sight of the Marshaller he should stop the
vehicle immediately until he regains sight of the Marshaller.
f) Related Records:

6.9 WI for Deployment of Passenger Bus
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Passenger Bus for passengers transportation
till aircraft on all International & Domestic flights.
Passenger Bus Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. Prior to closing the doors, the operator must ensure that there is no
passengers/baggage in the doorway.
2. Before driving the vehicle, the operator should perform a quick visual
check to ensure all passengers are seated or holding on to handles.
3. Check that the elderly and women are seated.
4. Disengage the clutch slowly, and make a slow and cautious start.
5. All braking must be performed gently.
6. Upon disembarkation, ensure that all passengers have disembarked

with their baggage.
7. Inform traffic personnel of any leftover baggage.
f) Related Records:

6.10. WI for Deployment of Tractor Trolley on Aircraft
a) Purpose:
followed for deployment of Tractor Trolley on aircraft on all International
& Domestic flights.
Tractor Trolley Operator at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. A maximum of 4 trolleys are allowed per tractor.
2. Organize the baggage on the trolleys in an orderly fashion, and refrain

from stacking it too high as it might fall off the trolley enroute.
3. Ensure that pallets are correctly loaded and locked on the dolleys.
4. Ensure that the parking brake is operable on the baggage

trolleys/dolleys
f) Related Records:

6.11. Release of Ground Support Equipments from the Aircraft
The Flight/Ramp Supervisor will coordinate with the GOC and ensure the safe
release of equipment from aircraft after performing the required task and the
equipment attached with the AFT hold will be released when the positive
boarding control is achieved at the time of departure. Where as; at the time of
arrival the equipments will be released after disembarkation of
passenger and unloading of baggage.

7. WI for Post Flight Activities
a) Purpose:
followed for performing the post flight activities on all International &
Domestic flights.
Manager Operations, Operation Control Officer and other In-charges
involved in operations at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. The Operations Control Officer ensures the completion of necessary

documents and recordings of any discrepancy if any.
2. The Operations Manager reviews the performance with the

concerned area In-charges on daily basis for continuous
improvement.
f) Related Records:

8. WI for Marshalling
a) Purpose:
followed for the marshalling of the equipment near aircraft on all
International & Domestic flights at all stations.
Marshaller at all stations.
d) Instructions:
Following are the standard Marshalling signals to be employed

between traffic personnel responsible for marshalling and TGS
operators during all vehicle movements within the vicinity of aircraft.
1. Deployment Position
This identifies, where the equipment is to be positioned.

2. Forward Movement
This signal indicates the vehicle to move forward slowly towards the
aircraft.
3. Stop
This signal indicates the discontinue of all sort of vehicle movement.

4. Move Slowly
This signal indicates the vehicle to move very carefully and slowly towards
the aircraft.
5. Change of direction
This signal indicates the vehicle to turn in the direction of arm in 180
degree.

6. Move up & Down
This hand signal is used to control up and down movement of vehicle.
7. Clear to Push
This indicates to the tug driver that all equipment is clear of the
aircraft, the chocks have been removed, and aircraft brakes are off and
the flight crew has given clearance to commence pushback.
f) Related Records:

9. Airside Safety

9.1 WI for Fire Protection and Prevention
a) Purpose:
This work Instruction explains the methodology which should be
followed for the fire protection and prevention. They outline the safest
method to reduce the possibility and hazards caused by emergencies
encountered on the ramp.
All TGS personnel are responsible for being familiar with the
procedures and to employ the training provided when encountering an
emergency.
d) Instructions:
1. Fire prevention is more important than fire fighting
2. Good housekeeping is essential with regards to garbage which

should not be allowed to accumulate, but should be disposed of
into approved containers.
3. Any suspected or known fire must be reported immediately to

immediate superior.
4. Smoking shall NOT be permitted on any apron areas or in any

vehicles on the apron.
5. The wearing of boots with steel tips showing, steel heels or nails
in soles should be prohibited.
6. The location of fire-fighting equipment, fire alarms, emergency

shut-offs, etc must be known to personnel.
7. Access to fire-fighting equipment, fire alarms. Emergency shut-

offs, etc should not be obstructed.
8. If fire occurs on a piece of ground equipment, it should be

controlled utilizing either the apron fire extinguishers or
extinguishers on the equipment. As soon as possible the
equipment should be removed from the vicinity of the aircraft.

9. Equipment should not be operated in the vicinity of a fuel spill.
10. Personnel should know the types of fire fighting equipment

available and should be trained in their use.
f) Related Records:

9.2. WI for Handling Fuel Spillage

a) Purpose:
followed for handling the fuel spillage. They outline the safest method
to reduce the possibility and hazards caused by emergencies
encountered on the ramp.
emergency.
d) Instructions:
1. In the event of a fuel spillage the following actions should take

place
2. SHUT OFF all the equipment near the spillage area.
3. As directed by the Captain or appropriate authority, evacuate

all persons from the immediate area.
4. Mobilize all available fire fighting equipment as standby

protection until the arrival of the airport emergency services
5. Control the movement of unauthorized personnel and

equipment into the area.
6. As far as possible restrict all activities inside and outside the

spill area to reduce the risk of ignition.
7. All electrical equipment in use during the fuelling operation

must be switched off immediately.
8. Normal operations must not be resumed on the aircraft or any

engines started before the person in-charge of the emergency
declares that it is safe to continue.
9. If fuel is spilled on any load then such items are NOT TO BE

LOADED into the aircraft.
f) Related Records:

9.3 WI for Handling Dangerous Goods Incidents

a) Purpose:
followed for handling the dangerous goods incidents during the
transportation inside the Ramp area. They outline the safest method to
reduce the possibility and hazards caused by emergencies encountered
on the ramp.
emergency.
d) Instructions:
1. In the event of damage to or leakage from any item containing

dangerous goods during transportation from Cargo to ramp and
vice versa, the following procedure is to be followed.
2. Do not approach the damaged/leaking item containing

Dangerous Goods.
3. Inform the Corporate Safety and Cargo Personnel to handle the

situation.
4. Do not attempt to move the damaged/leaking item.
5. As directed by the Supervisor, evacuate all persons from the

immediate area.
6. Control movement of unauthorized personnel and equipment

into the area.
7. As far as possible restrict all activities inside and outside the

spill area.
8. Do not allow the damaged cargo to be moved until
repacked/secured by cargo personnel and clearance has been
provided.
f) Related Records:

9.4 SOP for Handling Ramp (Ground Handling) Accidents /

Incidents
a) Purpose:
should be followed for reporting the any accident/incident at ramp
area on all International & Domestic flights.
All supervisory personnel are responsible for familiarizing themselves
with this procedure and implementing it.
d) Procedure:
1. After any Incident/Accident, equipment involved should be left

as is until a Supervisor has surveyed the scene.
2. Immediately report to a Supervisor and inform Corporate

Safety and Airport Emergency Services.
3. Provide exact details to the Supervisor as to be entered in the

Ramp Accident/Incident Report (Ref: Annexure I )
4. Do not move the involved vehicles until allowed to do so by a

supervisor.
5. In case of personnel injury, inform the appropriate emergency

services.
6. The record of such incident will be maintained and copy will be

sent to all concerned including Manager Ramp Services of the
respective station.
7. In case the accident causes a spill, conform to all spill response

procedures as in 12.2.
f) Related Records:
Accident/Incident Report From(Annexure I)

10. Aircraft Movement Safety Considerations

10.1. WI for Safety Consideration at the Time of Push Back

Operations
a) Purpose:
followed for providing the safe push back to the aircraft on all
International & domestic flights.
d) Instructions:
1. Tractor and towbar/shear-pin combination should be suitable for

the operation, considering: the aircraft type and weight, weather
conditions and airport surface conditions
2. Towbar should be attached to the aircrafts nose-gear before

connecting to the tractor.
3. Tractor should be in the appropriate drive mode prior to the

commencement of the operation.
4. Tractor and towbar should be fully secured to the nose-gear and

parking brake set before chocks are removed from the aircraft.
5. When connecting the towbar to the tractor personnel should be

facing the towbar and have both legs on only one side of the
towbar i.e. they should not straddle the bar.
6. The Tractor and towbar should be in line with the centre line of
the aircraft before the pushback commences.
7. The Tractor should not be left unattended with its engine running.
8. The wheels on the towbar should be fully retracted/off the

ground before the pushback commences.
9. For aircraft fitted with steering by-pass system, ensure that the
bypass pin is correctly installed prior to connecting the towbar to
the aircraft and before pushback commences and is removed after
pushback is complete.

10. For aircraft not fitted with a steering by-pass system, ensure that
either the steering hydraulic system is depressurized or the nose
leg steering torque links are disconnected (as applicable).
11. Personnel should not step across the towbar whilst the pushback
operation is in progress.
12. If the connection between the aircraft and the tractor should be
lost while in motion it is important to inform the flight deck to
apply brakes gently.
13. At the end of the pushback sequence and before the towbar is
disconnected, the flight deck should be instructed to set the
aircraft brakes and confirm to ground staff.
14. The towbar should be disconnected from the tractor before it is

disconnected from the aircraft.
15. A chock may be positioned in front of the nose wheel while the
towbar is disconnected.
16. Before the aircraft commences taxiing under its own power,
ground staff shall give the all-clear signal, display the by-pass pin
(if appropriate) to the flight deck and receive acknowledgement.
f) Related Records:

10.2. WI for Safety Consideration at the Time of Towing Operations

a) Purpose:
followed for providing the safe towing of the aircraft on all
d) Instructions:
1. The Tractor and towbar/shear-pin combination should be
suitable for the operation, considering: the aircraft type and
weight, the weather conditions, the apron surface conditions.
2. The Tractor should be in the appropriate drive mode prior to the

commencement of the operation.
3. Chocks should not be removed from the main gear until the
tractor and towbar are fully secured to the nose gear and the
parking brakes on the tractor are set.
4. For aircraft fitted with a Steering by pass system, ensure that the
by pass pin is correctly installed prior to connecting the towbar to
the aircraft and before the pushback commence and is removed
after pushback is complete.
5. For aircraft not fitted with a Steering by pass system ensure that
either the steering hydraulic system is depressurized or the nose
leg steering torque links are disconnected.
6. Prior to the commencement of any towing operation a check

should be made that the communications link between the tractor
and the aircraft is functional.
7. In the event that the communications link between the tractor and
the aircraft is broken during the tow the operation should be
stopped immediately.
8. When towing down a slope the operation should be at a very low

speed to prevent the aircraft overtaking the tractor.
f) Related Records:

10.3 WI for Safety Consideration during the Movement In/Out of

Hangers
a) Purpose:
followed for safe movement of aircraft to/from the hangers of aircraft
on flights.
d) Instructions:
1. Only those personnel trained and qualified in the movement of

aircraft in/out of hangars should perform this operation and a
crew chief assigned to the operation.
2. Adequate personnel (wing/tail walkers) should be assigned to the

operation to ensure clearances between the aircraft and objects in
the hangar.
3. Method of communication between the personnel involved in the

aircraft movement in/out of the hangar should be agreed upon
before any movement is started.
4. The tractor and/or towbar/shear-pin combination should be

suitable for the operation, considering: the aircraft type and
weight, the weather conditions, the apron surface conditions.
5. Hanger doors should be opened and secured to ensure sufficient

wingtip and horizontal/vertical surfaces clearances under all
operational conditions.
6. Aircraft docking systems and all other equipment must be

removed and stowed out of the path of travel of the aircraft.
7. Consideration should be given to the ability of the tow tractor to

maneuver in/out of the tow position in the hangar.
8. Floor markings and stop signs should be in accordance with

aircraft type operating in/out of hangars.
f) Related Records:

10.4. WI for Safety Consideration while Operating the Equipments
a) Purpose:
followed for safe operation of Ground Support Equipments movement
on all International & Domestic flights.
Ground Support Equipment Operators at all stations.
d) Instructions:
1. Only adequately trained, qualified and authorized personnel

should be permitted to operate equipment.
2. Personnel must not operate motor vehicles or equipment whilst

using hand held portable electronic devices.
3. Equipment should never move across the path of taxiing aircraft

or embarking and disembarking passengers.
4. Equipment should only be used for its intended purpose.
5. Apron equipment is to be positioned behind the equipment

restraint line with the parking brakes applied prior to the arrival
of the aircraft at the parking position.
6. The passenger loading bridge is to be in the fully retracted

position prior to aircraft arrival.
7. Equipment must not move towards the aircraft until it has come
to a complete stop, chocks are positioned, engines shut down, anti
collision beacons switched off.
8. Equipment shall have parking brakes applied, with gear selector

in park or neutral when parked away from, or positioned at the
aircraft.
9. Ground support equipment should be in good mechanical

condition.
10. Equipment when approaching or leaving an aircraft should not be

driven faster than walking speeds.

11. Guides and safety tails on loaders must be properly deployed.
12. Prior to the movement of any ground support equipment a walk

around check must be made.
13. Hoses or cables on equipment must be securely stowed before the

unit is moved.
14. Elevating devices must not be driven in the elevated position

except for final positioning.
15. Baggage/cargo must not be transported on equipment not

specifically designed for that purpose.
16. Cargo should be stowed evenly, in cargo carts, with heavy pieces
on the bottom and the centre to ensure stability. All doors, gates
and curtains should be secured to prevent cargo from falling out.
17. The movement of carts/dollies by hang-operated equipment is

very simple, however, it has resulted in many injuries, and
additional care must be taken.
18. Loaded transporters and dollies must have the load secured from
movement by the use of locks, stops, tails or straps at ALL Times,
except when the load is being transferred onto or off the
equipment. All locks, stops, rails and straps should be checked
every time before use.
19. Trains of carts, trolleys tend to drift in or shorten the turning

radius on corners. Therefore, drivers should avoid turning prior
to, or immediately after, passing an obstacle.
20. When positioning the equipment, special care must be exercised

to ensure adequate clearance of vehicles, aircraft and other
equipment and facilities.
21. When operator vision is restricted (such as positioning certain

pieces of equipment to or backing away from an aircraft) a guide
person should be used.
22. The guide person must be positioned so that clearances can be

accurately judged and be visible/able to communicate the signals
to the vehicle operator at all times. If visual contact with the guide
person is lost, the driver will stop immediately.

23. When electrical/motorized equipments are in operating mode, an

operator must be within easy reach of the controls. Vehicles
without external emergency controls that have their engines
running may not be left unattended in the stand area., The
operator must remain in the driving position, in control at all
times.
24. Motorized equipment must make a full stop as a brake check

before entering the equipment restraint area and again before
reaching the aircraft side.
25. Protective rubber bumpers on equipment must not be compressed

against the aircraft fuselage, in order to prevent damage and to
allow for aircraft settling during servicing.
26. When loading has been completed remove all loading equipment
well clear of the aircraft.
27. Before removing ground support equipment from any aircraft

cabin access door, the operator must advice the cabin crew.
Ground Support Equipment must not be removed unless a safety
device has been put across the door opening or the door being
closed.
28. All equipment, except that necessary for the departure, is to be

positioned behind the equipment restraint line before the aircraft
pushback is commenced.
29. The passenger loading bridge is to be in the fully retracted

designated parking position before the aircraft departure.
30. On an open gate area, equipment must be positioned so as to

allow the clear movement of the aircraft.
f) Related Records:

11. Foreign Object Debris (FOD)
a) Purpose:
To ensure that the all areas of TGS operation are kept free of debris and
foreign objects thereby eliminating the chances of engine ingestion.
International & Domestic flights ramp area at all stations
All personnel are responsible for keeping the ramp clear of FOD.
d) Procedure:
The powerful modern day jet engine can easily ingest heavy objects and
debris left on the ramp creating damage to the engine. This damage can be
costly and dangerous, and loss of life is also possible.
1. FOD prevention can be achieved by good housekeeping discipline

on the part of all personnel. The best cure for FOD is to ensure no
debris on the ramp.
2. You are required to use garbage cans, and FOD bins that are
provided to keep the ramp area clean. If any debris is seen lying on
the ramp, pick it up, regardless of who left it.
3. Every individual on the ramp has a duty to ensure he does not

leave behind any sort of debris, and to ensure that any debris he
sees is removed from the ramp.
f) Related Records:

60
12. SOP for Potable Water Servicing

a) Purpose:
should be followed for providing the potable water servicing.
International & Domestic flights all stations
All portable water servicing operators at al stations.
d) Procedure:
1. Following steps will be ensured for cleaning and disinfecting;
The tank of the Portable water cart shall be cleaned with enriched
chlorination every 3 months.
The interior of the water tank must be scoured after every 3 months to
remove deposits (if any).
Water sample to be collected in sterilize jar every year for
bacteriological examination from water supply system.
All measures to be taken to avoid contamination of water by the
operator.
2. Prior to driving the vehicle, the operator must ensure:

That the pump is operating.
To check that the lift if operational.
To perform a brake check at a distance of 20 feet from the aircraft.
To perform a visual check that the path to the airplane is clear of all
obstacles and that the Marshaller's position will allow him to be visible
to the operator at all times.
To use the Marshaller for guidance, slowly maneuver the vehicle to a
distance of 5 feet from the aircraft.
To apply the hand brake, put the gear in neutral, and set the wheel
chocks.
That the operator will monitor the progress of the cabin staff on the lift,
being ready to turn off the master switch; in case the lift gets too close
to the aircraft.
To lower the lift and turn the master switch off., 1!:fter servicing is
complete.
To remove the chocks, and make sure the path away from the aircraft
is clear of any obstacles.
To use the MarshalJer for guidance, maneuver the vehicle away from
the aircraft slowly.
f) Related Records:

61
13. WI for Placement/Removal of Safety Cones
a) Purpose:
This work instruction explains the methodology, which should be
followed at the time of placement/retrieval of safety cones. The purpose
of coning an aircraft is to create a safety buffer around specific areas on
aircraft that are susceptible to ground damage
Manager Operations, Operation Control Officer, and Field Supervisor at
all stations
d) Procedure:
1 The design of cones should:

Be conical in shape
Be of a minimum height of 750mm (28.5)
Have a minimum base weight of 4.53kg (10 lbs)
Be orange in color with reflective striping.
2 Cones should be positioned:

At each wing tip
In front of all wing-mounted engines
In front of other areas on an aircraft that are in conflict with the normal
flow of equipment during handling operations
At areas where the proximity of the aircraft could impact on the flow
of ramp traffic, e.g. tail/roadway
At wing tips immediately after the aircraft is at its parking position
At others areas around the aircraft only when clearance to approach
the aircraft has been given
At a distance from the protected area such that the intended purpose
of cone is not diminished.
3 Cones should be removed:

Just prior to the aircraft departure to ensure maximum protection of
the aircraft
After use, the cones should be stored in a designated area area.
f) Related Records:

62
14. Safety Caution in Aircraft fuelling operation
a) Purpose:
This procedure will explains the methodology, which should be followed
before & during the aircraft fuelling operation to ensure safety of personal
involved & property.
Ground Support Equipment Operators at all stations
d) Procedure:
1 Fuel safety zones:
Due to the fire hazard associated with fuel vapors all personnel must
be cautioned to ensure that items and processes such as; matches, open
flames, welding, use of photographic flashbulbs etc. are kept out of the
fuelling safety zone.
Portable electronic devices, such as portable Radios and Pagers, may
be used within the fuel safety zone providing a separation distance of
not less than 3m (10ft) is maintained from aircraft fuel vents and/or
equipment.
The refueling safety zone shall be regarded as an area extending 3m
(10 ft) radically from fuelling receptacles, tank vents and fuelling
equipment
GSEs performing aircraft servicing functions shall not be positioned
within a 3m (10ft) radius of aircraft fuel system vent openings.
2 Fuel Hose Safety
Refueling vehicles and equipment should have of sufficient length to

allow the fuelling platform to be fully lowered whilst the
hoses/couplings are connected to the aircraft fuelling manifold.
Extreme care must be taken to position refueling vehicles and equipment
correctly, ensuring that strain is not applied to the fuelling hoses, coupling
and manifolds on the aircraft when the platform is lowered.
Care must be taken to ensure that the fuelling hoses do not become
entangled on equipment during movement of the fuelling vehicles
platform.

63
3 Fuel spillage
ln the event of a fuel spillage the following actions should take place:
STOP the refueling operation; inform the Captain, Flight purser ,

Supervisor/SSM, Corporate Safety personal and Emergency Response
Planning section at their respective numbers
The supervisor/SSM must isolate the fuel spillage area & evacuate all
persons from the immediate area.
Also inform airport emergency services so that the fire fighting
equipment be mobilize near the areas to meet any emergency demand.
SSM Control the movement of unauthorized personnel and equipment
into the area.
Restrict all activities inside and outside the spill area to reduce the risk
of ignition.
All electrical equipment in use during the fuelling operation must be
switched off immediately.
Unload the APU and shut it down. DO NOT start APU until the
spilled fuel is removed and there is no further risk of spilled fuel or
vapors.
Normal operations must be resumed on the aircraft or any engines
started before the person in charge of the emergency determines that is
safe to continue.
lf fuel is spilled on any load(baggage/cargo), then such items are NOT
TO BE LOADED into the aircraft.
4 Ground support equipment:
The engines of unattended vehicles should be switched off.

Vehicles MUST NOT be parked under the aircraft wingtip fuel vents.
Equipment must be positioned so that the fuelling vehicle has a clear
exit route and can be moved away from the aircraft in a forward
direction.
A distance of 3m (10ft) should be maintained, wherever possible
between ground support equipment and any fuelling equipment, i.e.
vehicles, hydrant pits.
Ground power Units (GPUs) must not be operated unless they are
positioned 6m (20ft) from the aircraft fuelling venting points.
The use of metal- wheeled equipment in close proximity to the aircraft
is prohibited.

64
lf the bonding cable connecting the fuelling vehicle to the aircraft

becomes disconnected around operations the fuel operator must be
immediately advised.
5 Fuelling with crew or other persons onboard

Fuelling operator in collaboration with operational staff shall inform
crew/staff on board and around the aircraft that fuelling is about to
commence and fuelling is completed.
Fuelling operator shall inform the crew/staff on board if any
hazardous situation arise
Ground activities outside the aircraft and work within the aircraft such
as catering and cleaning should be conducted in such a manner that
they do not create a hazard or obstruct emergency exits.
All exit areas, exit accesses areas, cabin aisles and cross aisles inside the
aircraft should be kept clear of obstructions.
The ground area beneath exit should be kept clear of any obstructions.
When passenger loading bridges are in use, access to the terminal must
be available.
When a passenger loading bridge is not used, as a minimum a set of
aircraft passenger steps should be positioned at the door normally
used for boarding.
Aircraft fitted with integral stairs (ATR) must have these deployed.
f) Related Records

65
15. Sop for the Issuance of GSE Driving Permit
a) Purpose:
The purpose of this Standard Operating Procedure is to ensure safety at
workplace by limiting the unauthorized operation of Ground Support
Equipment. This procedure will also provide a guideline for the issuance
of Ramp Driving Permits.
All Domestic stations
Manager Operations/OJT Instructor
d) Procedure:
Steps to be followed by operator:

1. Obtain GSE Driving Permit Issuance Form from respective Manager
Operations office.
2. Fill the respective portion of the form and must agreed upon the oath
printed on the form
3. Attach the following mandatory documents with the form;
a. Two Recent Photographs 1x1
b. A copy of CNIC
c. A copy of Valid Driving License
d. A copy of Valid Airport Driving Permit
e. A copy of Valid Airport Entry Pass
f. A copy of PIA Card
4. Sign the form and submit it in the concerned office.
The OJT instructor must ensure the following:

1. Check the Validity of police Driving License
2. Check the Validity of Apron Driving Permit
3. Check the training record of the operator and tick the appropriate box for
issuance of Driving Permit.
4. Ensure that all information available in the form are correct as well as the
required documents are attached.
5. If the operator fulfills all the requirements mentioned above, then the OJT
instructor will forward his application form to the competent authority
with his recommendations.
If the Manager Operations satisfy with the recommendations of OJT instructor,

he will approve the GSE Driving Permit Application and issue him a GSE
driving permit with control number.

66
Controlled number for GSE Driving Permits:

The GSE driving permits will be controlled through a unique number
which in the following serial pattern:
GSE/STN/###/YR
a. The term GSE referrers to Ground Support Equipment
b. STN refers to IATA defined airport codes, like for Karachi it is KHI
c. ### refers to the driving permit number
d. YR refers to the year of issuance
Validity of GSE Driving Permit

The GSE Driving Permit will expire upon the termination or resignation of
employee or due to any physical inability to perform the respective job.
In case of loss of GSE Driving Permit:

The operator who loses his GSE Driving Permit is responsible to report the
loss immediately to the Manager Operations office by submitting a
written application.
Such an operator will not be allowed to operate any vehicle on the ramp
side, until the original GSE Driving Permit is found or the duplicate
Permit is issued (after paying applicable fine).
f) Related Records
GSE Driving Permit Form (Ref: Annexure-II)
Specimen of GSE Driving Permit (Ref: Annexure-III)

67
16 Aircraft Departure Procedure of all Aircraft of PIA Fleet

a) Purpose:
The procedure outline the steps to be followed and terminology used for
the departure of aircraft
All Domestic/International Stations
c) General
The procedure effects the following personnel:
Licensed Engineer or Approved Inspector
a) Technician
b) Tug Master Driver
The following list gives the normal engine starting sequence applicable to each
type of aircraft until and unless any other starting sequence is requested by the
pilot
Aircraft Type Engine Start-up Sequence

ATR-500 2,1
B-737 2,1
A-310 2,1
B-777 2,1
B-747 4,3,2,1
1. It should be ensured that Ground Fire extinguisher is available in the vicinity

of the aircraft
2. Serviceability of Head set and other equipment, to be ensured before
attending the departure
3. All hand signals or handling of the aircraft be done from left hand side and
ground crew should ensure that he can be seen by the pilot from the cockpit
until and unless the situation does not permit
4. The word Ground and Cockpit should be used during communication
between ground and cockpit Crew
5. Steering bypass pin should be installed before connecting Tow Bar and Tug
Master/ Tow Cart
6. Licensed Aircraft Engineer / Approved Inspector / Master Technician can
perform the Engine starting / push back function of the aircraft.
d) Procedure:
Normal start and departure:

1. Verify that all doors, cowls, panels and access doors are closed, pitot
covers, landing gear lock pin removed and stored onboard and nose
wheel chocks are in position.

68
2. Ensure that all personnel and equipments are clear of engines, aircraft
adjacent and jet blast areas
3. Ensure no damage has been caused to the aircraft by Ground Equipment
or during baggage loading by performing walk around check of aircraft
just prior to departure.
4. Advise pilot to start the appropriate engine Clear to start Engine No .
a. Note: 1) Normal starting sequence of engine each type of aircraft
should be followed or as specified by the pilot.
b. 2) Advise the Pilot in Negative, or for Standby if clearance can not
be given for Engine start due to any reason
5. Wait for pilot to start appropriate Engine

6. Repeat step 1&2 for starting other engines.
7. Once engine have started, wait for pilot to communicate DISCONNECT
(Start Cart, Ground Power if connected, depending on type of aircraft and
serviceability of APU)
8. Wait for Pilots instruction for push back
9. After getting push bacfk clearance from cockpit remove nose wheel
chocks
10. Once chocks have been removed, advise the pilot to Release Brakes.
11. Wait for pilot to confirm that Brakes Release.
12. Advise Tug Master drive with hand signal that brakes are off to
commence push back operation.
13. Observe towing angle limitation and clearance precaution during push
back operation
14. When push back has been completed, apply Tug Brake then ask cockpit to
put Brakes On
15. Wait for pilot call to remove Tug Master Tow Bar and steering by pass pin
16. Advise pilot to standby and wait for final hand signal on the left
17. Remove, Tug Master, Tow Bar, Steering by pass pin and head phone set
from the aircraft

69
18. Reach for position on left hand side so as pilot can see you. Give pilot
ICAO all clear hand signal and simultaneously hold up steering by pass
pin in left hand for the pilot to see.
19. Use torch or any battery power signal for final hand signaling during
night
20. Wait for the pilot to acknowledge the signal and aircraft to start taxing
before leaving the site
f) Related Records
Aircraft Specific Transit & Pre-Departure Check Sheet
Aircraft Specific Turnaround Check-Sheet
Note: this procedure is performed by engineering and maintenance department. It has been included in this manual
for reference purpose only

70
17 Aircraft Arrival Procedure for All Aircraft of PIA Fleet
a) Purpose:
The procedure outline the steps to be followed and terminology used for
the Arrival of aircraft
All Domestic/International Stations
c) General:
The procedure effects the following personnel.
Licensed Aircraft Engineers

Ground Personnel
1.Adequate ground personnel shall be provided to accomplish the arrival of

aircraft.
2.The necessary ground equipment, to handle the Engineering functions shall
be prepared and ready at the designated parking area (safety zone for GSE
parking) prior to the aircraft arrival
3.The personnel attending arrival shall observe all safety precautions. All
personnel must use standard ear muffs or head phones to prevent damage to
hearing. All personnel shall keep a safe distance from and never turn their
backs to the aircraft
d) Procedure
1. Wait until the aircraft has stopped

2. Position wheel chocks fore and aft of the nose wheel
3. Connect the head phone to the aircraft inter phone jack on the nose gear
right side
4. Advise Cockpit Crew Nose Chocks in Position. Release brakes
5. Use appropriate hand signal if Inter phone is unserviceable or aircraft is
having no interphone system
6. Ensure that safety cones has been placed prior to GSE deployment on the
aircraft

71
7. Connect Ground power unit according to aircraft type

8. Install landing gear down lock pins if aircraft on prolonged transit,
layover or night stop.
9. Check Engine Oil Quantity and record in aircraft Technical Log. Observe
the dip checking time as per requirements given in aircraft /engine type
maintenance Manual
10. Meet flight Crew if possible to discuss defects if any
11. Perform Aircraft Turn Around Check & fill the form with necessary
information
12. After passenger disembarkation, check aircraft technical log book for
defects reporting and carry both Flight Log and Aircraft Technical Log to
Technical record section for issuance of work sheet if any check is due
before next departure
13. Remove first aid kits from aircraft and handover to tool store
14. Representative from Flight Pack section will review from aircraft technical
log and flight pack file if any item from flight pack was consumed. If so he
will replenish the flight pack according.
15. If aircraft is to stay for longer period on ground, install pitot static cover,
Flight control lock, Engine intake and exhaust cover as applicable to each
aircraft type.
f) Related Records
Aircraft Specific Turnaround Check-Sheet
Note: this procedure is performed by engineering and maintenance department. It has been included in this manual
for reference purpose only

72
APPENDICES

73
(Annexure I)
Incident Report Form
Technical Ground Support Division AIRPORT
GROUND INCIDENT/ACCIDENT/DAMAGE REPORT
Title:
One Line Statement of the Main Features of the Incident / accident
Part 1. DAMAGE BY ( ) Date

Time of Occurrence
Other Aircraft Phase of Operation
Ramp Equipment Area (Stand. Stc.)
Vehicle Aircraft Reg.
Foreign Object Aircraft Type
Jet Blast Flight Nr.
Unknown (Previously Unreported) Scheduled Ground Time
Other (Specify) Flight Delay Hrs. Min.

(Delete as
Flight Cancelled Yes / N0 appropriate)
Part 2. DETAILS OF DAMAGE Part 3. NUMBER OF CASUALTIES
Non
Fatalities Fatal
Employees
Passengers
Others
Part 4. VEHICLE/RAMP EQUIPMENT DETAILS AND CONDITION REPORT
Serviceable Fault Serial Fleet Nr.

( ) ( ) Type
Tyres Owner
Brakes Area (Stand, etc.)
Steering Age of Vehicle/Ramp Eq.
Lights Remarks Last Overhaul

74
Wipers
Protection
Warning Devices
Stablisers
Tow Hitch
Field of Vision
From Driving position
Part 5. DETAILS OF PERSONNEL INVOLVED

1 2 3
Name Name Name
Job Title Job Title Job Title
Company Company Company
Staff Nr. Staff Nr. Staff Nr.
Licence Licence Licence
Part 6. CONDITIONS
Weather Surface Lightning
Use of offical met. Report
Rain Dry Good
Visibility _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m_ _ _ _ _ _ km Snow Wet Poor
Wind/gust _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / lf kts Sleet Snow Day
Temperature _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c Hail Slush Night
Fog Ice Twilight
Contamination
Part 7. CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS

Identify by code from the checklist factors which in your opinon to the incident/accident by major factor
Other Factors (specify)

Which of these contributory factors are normal practice?
Part 8. SKETCH
Part 9. NARRATIVE Give a description of what happened. Include details of relevant contributory factors inedntified.

75
Part 10. INITIAL FINDINGS Part 11. INITIAL ACTION TAKEN
Part 12. CLOSING ACTION
Part 13. PREPARED BY

Name
Signature (Block Capitals)
Status

76
(Annexure II)
GSE Driving Permit Issuance Form

77

78
(Annexure III)
Specimen of GSE Driving Permit

79
Section - 2
TGS Maintenance

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION - 2
TGS MAINTENANCE
1. GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................ 1
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ............................................................................................................... 2
1.1. AMENDMENTS ............................................................................................................ 3
1.2. LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES ...................................................................................... 5
1.3. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 6
1.4. ABBREVIATIONS......................................................................................................... 7
2. INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DUTY .................................................................................... 8
2.1. DUTY TIME REGULATIONS ..................................................................................................... 8
2.2. PERSONAL PROTECTION.......................................................................................................... 8
3. WI/OPERATING PRACTICES FOR SAFETY ........................................................................... 9
4. SERVICE DELIVERY PROCEDURE FOR EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE ...................10
4.1. SOP FOR UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE.....................................................12
4.2. SOP FOR PREVENTIVE/SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE ...............................14
4.3. SOP FOR DAILY INSPECTION ..............................................................................15
APPENDICES
(ANNEXURE I) .................................................................................................................................... 17
FORM 1: EQUIPMENT LOGBOOK ........................................................................................................ 17
(ANNEXURE II) ................................................................................................................................... 18
FORM 2: DAILY INSPECTION REPORT ............................................................................................... 18
(ANNEXURE III).................................................................................................................................. 19
FORM 3: ISSUE VOUCHER (CONSUMABLE SPARES/CONSUMABLE STORES) .................................. 19
(ANNEXURE IV) ................................................................................................................................. 20
FORM 4: HELD UP FORM .................................................................................................................... 20
(ANNEXURE V) ................................................................................................................................... 21
TAG 1: REPAIR TAG ............................................................................................................................. 21
(ANNEXURE VI) ................................................................................................................................. 22
MASTER LIST OF EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................ 22

81
1. General

1

2
1.1. AMENDMENTS
S. ENTERED
CHAPTER/ REV. REV.
PAGE NO.
NO. SECTION NO. DATE By On

3

4
1.2. List of Effective Pages
Chapter Effective Revision

Title Revision No.
No. Pages Date
1 GENERAL 1-7 00 05-09-08
2 INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DUTY 8-8 00 05-09-08
3 WI/OPERATING PRACTICES FOR SAFETY 9-9 00 05-09-08
SERVICE DELIVERY PROCEDURE FOR

4 10-15 00 05-09-08
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
5 APPENDICES 16-28 00 05-09-08

5
1.3. INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this manual is to lay down certain guidelines for all TGS
maintenance procedures and the complete method of servicing the Ground
Support Equipment. We want to ensure that by following the correct
procedures and efficiently employing manpower, the serviceability of ground
equipment is maximized, and delays to flight are minimized whilst the safety
factor for our passengers, aircraft and equipment is improved.
The purpose of this manual is not however to outline the maintenance of the
vehicles. This will be performed as per the manufacturers specifications,
using the manufacturers own maintenance manuals. This manual is simply to
outline the procedures internal to TGS and PIA by which day to day
maintenance takes place.
The procedures reflected within this manual are to be adhered to at all times.
In case of doubt in any matter, please refer to a senior officer on duty.
TGS considers safety a top priority that cannot be overemphasized. We

depend on the technicians ability to maintain vehicles properly. We also
expect technicians to be aware of all required safety practices and to adhere to
all the policies and regulations. If rules and procedures are complied with in
the maintenance section, safety becomes the norm throughout the system.
Many of the rules and regulations listed within this manual will be repeated
several times as we are compelled to stress the safety aspects of our
operations at every opportunity.
In keeping with this policy, it is compulsory that this manual be available at

all TGS maintenance locations.

6
1.4. ABBREVIATIONS
*TGS Technical Ground Support

PHS Passenger Handling Services
RS Ramp Services
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
WI Work Instructions
FOD Foreign Object Debris
GSE Ground Support Equipment
GPU Ground Power Unit
MG Mobile Ground
Km Kilometer
* Note: For reference purpose the term TGS may be read as GSE

7
2. INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DUTY
Before reporting for duty you should have following documents complete
and valid.
1. Apron Pass (For operations maintenance crews)

2. PIA identity card
2.1. Duty Time Regulations
Duty time regulations are implemented for the safety of the personnel and
associated equipment. They are not to be taken lightly and must be strictly
adhered to. A specified period of rest following every shift is mandatory
before resumption of duty.
2.2. Personal Protection
1. Jewellery such as rings and identification bracelets should not be worn.
2. Neckties should not be worn, unless they are of the quick release (clip)
type.

8
3. WI/OPERATING PRACTICES FOR SAFETY
a) Purpose:
The following procedures dictate the conduct which should be
followed by all personnel employed in TGS maintenance.
All areas where TGS maintenance is conducted.
All personnel whose duties involve maintaining TGS equipment.
d) Instructions:
1. Personnel shall not walk or stand on a moving conveyor belt.
2. Personnel shall not ride up or down on the rear platform of a

loader.
3. Personnel should never attempt to jump off or on a moving vehicle.
4. Personnel should not be transported on equipment unless there is a

seat for the passenger.
5. Personnel on moving equipment must be seated properly and

should keep their bodies within the confines of the vehicle
structure.
6. Personnel must not ride on elevating platforms when the vehicle is

in the drive mode.
7. Personnel should not walk on rollers or castors.
8. Personnel should stand clear of exits/entrances of facilities when a

train of carts/dollies passes.
e) Related Document:
f) Related Records:

9
Airport Services Document Ref. ASD/OAM/01 Revision Date: 15-04-05
4. SERVICE DELIVERY PROCEDURE FOR EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

a) Purpose:
This Service Delivery Procedure entails methodologies and sequence of
activities to be followed for scheduled and unscheduled maintenance of
equipment and vehicles.
TGS Operations/ Maintenance Areas.
All TGS Maintenance personnel.
d) Procedure:
Manager Maintenance bears the overall onus of timely and effective
planning for scheduled maintenance of all equipment and vehicles
employed in operations for smooth dispensation of operational activities.
Besides he is also responsible for the maintenance of unprecedented
breakdown and un-serviceability of equipment and vehicles. Assistant
Manager assists the Manager in swift and effective coordination regarding
maintenance activities over the network. Work Shop In-charges ensures
that maintenance activities are undertaken and completed effectively in
time with out hampering operations. Commonly used spares are
maintained at an optimum level in Stock Room all the times and in case of
any discrepancy Procurement Section replenishes the same on request by
purchasing spares from approved suppliers.
Manager Maintenance evaluates the gravity of problem reported over the
network regarding equipment repair/ service on individual basis and
coordinates with the station head for fixing the problem.
Requests for repairs or incidental break downs are evaluated at spot for
fixing problems through concerned work shop in-charge. Equipment is
towed to the work shop for maintenance if problem could not be resolved
at spot. Required spares and parts are issued through Stock room and in
case of non-availability of any part Procurement Section provides the
required part on proper requisition. Concerned workshop carries out
maintenance/ repairs on the equipment and ensures the proper
functioning before handing it over to operations.
Concerned area officer is handed over the equipment/ vehicle and logs
are updated and maintained for future. Manager Maintenance reviews the
activities with all area in-charges and takes necessary actions for
continuous improvement.
f) Related Records:
Reference: WIs and SOPs for maintenance.

11
4.1. SOP for Unscheduled Maintenance
a) Purpose:
The following Service Delivery procedure is to be followed in event
a vehicle is found unserviceable whilst on operations.
TGS Operations Areas
All TGS Maintenance personnel
d) Procedure:
1. Upon receiving a complaint of malfunctioning equipment

during operations, the initial response will be by the
operations maintenance team who will attempt to address the
malfunction on site so as to avoid any delays and keep the
equipment serviceable.
2. In the case that the vehicle is deployed upon an aircraft with a

critical time period i.e. departure time, priority should be
given to removing the vehicle from the aircraft so as not to
delay the aircraft. Repairs must not interfere with the schedule
of flights
3. Upon finding the equipment unserviceable on site, and in case

of deployment on an aircraft, removing it, the equipment will
be handed over to Maintenance who will bring the vehicle to
the appropriate shops.
4. The concerned workshop in charges will fill in the Logbook

regarding the problem, after which they will determine
whether it is repairable or a new part is required or if it is
repairable.
5. In case of new part required, they will fill out a Held up Form
(Ref: Annexure IV).
6. The item will then be procured and will be received into one
of three stockrooms (SR-58, SR-38 and the tool store).
7. The mechanic will receive the part with an issue voucher (Ref:
Annexure III), depending on whether it is a consumable (oil,
coolant, grease etc) or spares (filters, general spares).

12
8. He will then install the part/repair the vehicle and after

verifying its operation, fill in the logbook and return the
vehicle to operations.
9. In case the malfunction is repairable, they will determine

whether it is an in house job, our out house job.
10. In case of in house job, they will perform the repair and fill out
the logbook.
11. In case of an out house job, the procurement dept will handle
the part, and the associate stock room will issue it to the
involved shop who will install the item, perform a test and
return the equipment to operations.
12. A list of all TGS equipment is available in the Index, and all
manufacturers parts and repair manuals can be found in the
TGS office, according to which all maintenance will be
performed.
13. The manager maintenance will check the requirement of parts,

and if appropriate approve them for issue from the stock
rooms or procurement.
14. The workshop in charges will repair the equipment and upon
find the work done satisfactorily, will inform the officer in
charge of operations of that particular equipment, and after
making the logbook entry explaining the repairs, hand over
the equipment to operations.
15. In case of the repair of a part that is not immediately required

by a vehicle, a Repair Tag (Ref: Annexure V) will be added
to the item, and it will be sent to the stockroom for later use.
f) Related Records:
Held Up Form (Ref: Annexure IV)
Issue Voucher (Ref: Annexure III)
Repair Tag (Ref: Annexure V)
Master List of TGS Equipments (Ref: Annexure VI)
Defect/Out Register
Vehicle Log book

13
4.2. SOP for Preventive/Scheduled Maintenance
a) Purpose:
The following Service Delivery Procedure is to be followed on a
regular basis as recommended by the manufacturer so as to
maintain equipment in an operatable and efficient manner.
TGS Maintenance.
All TGS Maintenance personnel.
d) Procedure:
1. As per manufacturers recommendations, at the prescribed

intervals, vehicles will be called in for the regular servicing.
2. This will be performed as per manufacturers recommendations.
3. Each shop will create a preventive maintenance schedule based

on the manufacturers recommendations, for each vehicle
type/make and keep that updated and readily available.
4. A list of all TGS equipment is available in the Index, and all

manufacturers parts and repair manuals can be found in the
TGS office, according to which all maintenance will be
performed.
5. All the maintenance activities of TGS equipments will be

recorded in their respective log book.
Preventive Maintenance Schedule
f) Related Records:

14
4.3. SOP for Daily Inspection
a) Purpose:
The following Service Delivery Procedure is followed for daily
inspection to evaluate the serviceability of TGS equipment on a
regular basis so as to maintain equipment in an operable and
efficient manner.
TGS Maintenance Daily inspection personnel in all TGS operations
areas.
Daily Inspection personnel designated to this task are responsible
for inspecting TGS equipment on a daily basis to observe for any
signs of disorder or wear and tear that results from regular use.
d) Procedure:
1. A daily inspection team will perform an inspection on the

operational equipment daily.
2. During their inspection, the team will fill out a Daily

Inspection Report (Annexure II).
f) Related Records:
Daily Inspection Report (Ref: Annexure II)

15
APPENDICES

16
(Annexure I)
Form 1: Equipment Logbook

17
(Annexure II)
Form 2: Daily Inspection Report

18
(Annexure III)
Form 3: Issue Voucher (consumable spares/consumable stores)

19
(Annexure IV)
Form 4: Held Up Form

20
(Annexure V)
Tag 1: Repair Tag

21
05
(Annexure VI)
Master List of Equipment
S.NO. EQPT. MAKE & MODEL QTY. PIA NO. ACQ. YEAR
I) Hobart - 140 KVA (140 - 17K) 01 286 1973
ii) " 08 340 / 443, 483 / 637, 665, 667, 668, 691 1974/76/79
iii) " 03 1231, 1232, 1233, 1988
iv) " 04 (774) 1749 , (510) 1765, (771) 1766, (666) 1767 (1979) 1998
v) " 01 1832 2001
vi) 90G20S 07 587,588, 643, 645, 631, 644, 747 1978
1 G.P.U. vii) 90G20P 12 + 4 1479, 1480, 1481, 1482, 1483, 1484, 1485, 1486, 1487, 1488 1992 + 1996
ENGG. 1489, 1490, (Engineering 1719, 1720, 1721, 1722)
viii) Auto Diesel 140 KVA
994/140R 04 1054, 1055, 1057, 1059 1984
ix) Auto Diesel 100 KVA 994/100R 03 1357, 1358, 1359 1990
x) Auto Diesel 100 KVA 994/100R 03 1361, 1362, 1363 1990
xi) Arvico / 4.140 STD C-140 07 1809, 1810, 1811, 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 2000
Total 53 + 4
I) Atlas Copco MA6 GD
(180PPM) 11 593, 594, 621, 622, 624, 625 / 706, 718, 726, 775, 776 1978 / 80
ii) Atlas Copco MAS 8 CUD
(300PPM) 07 1037, 1065, 1066, 1067, 1068, 1069 / 1188 1985 / 87
iii) Atlas Copco MA 3Dd (128
2 START CART
PPM) 02 1249, 1260 1989
iv) S&S TMAC-200 (200
PPM) 02 1546, 1587 1993
v) Atlas Copco MAS 6 GD (180
PPM) 03 1791, 1792, 1793 1999

05
vi) S&S TMAC-250 (250

PPM) 01 1807 2000
Total 26
I) Air-a-Plane 652D (106 Tons) 01 568 1977
ii) ACE ACE406-720 (110
Tons) 08 632, 634 / 659, 681, 684, 685, 687/ 890 1978/79/83
iii) ACE ACE806-D620 (125
Tons) 06 1062, 1063, 1070, 1113, 1114, 1128 1984 / 85
iv) Air-a-Plane 652D (110
Tons) 03 1310, 1311,1318 1989
v) Air-a-Plane 652D (110
3 A. C. VAN Tons) 10 1438, 1439, 1440, 1441, 1442, 1443, 1444, 1445, 1466, 1467 1992
vi) S&S 2452D (110
Tons) 06 1642, 1643, 1644, 1645, 1646, 1647 1994
vii) S&S 1900D ( 55
Tons) 06 1670, 1671, 1672, 1673, 1674, 1675 1995
viii) Air-a-Plane 652 D (110
Tons) 05 1760, 1761, 1762, 1763, 1764 1998
ix) TLD 802DDS 06 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864, 1865 2003
Total 51
280, 282, 307, 308, 323 / 487, 633, 648 / 663, 664, 671, 672,
I) NORDCO 18 673 1973/78/79
753, 754, 756, 757, 946 1980 / 83
1038, 1039, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043 / 1071, 1072, 1073,
ii) EQUISA EABC3 22 1074, 1075, 1984 / 85
4 PAX STEPS
1091, 1092, 1093, 1094, 1101, 1102, 1103, 1115, 1116, 1117,
1118
iii) STINAR 05 1303, 1304, 1305, 1306, 1307 1989
1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525, 1526, 1527, 1528,
iv) NORDCO 3003 12 1529,1530,1531,1532 1993

05
v) STINAR SPS 6018 06 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1998
vi) TASH 02 1805, 1806 2000
Total 65
I) PAYMOVER T-500 03 380 / 994 / 1175 1975/84/86
ii) DOUGLAS DC 12/4 05 689 / 708, 709, 710, 725 1979 / 80
iii) SHCOPF F 356 01 1323 1989
iv) SCHOPF F 246 03 1322, 1325, 1326 1989
A/C TOW v) PAYMOVER T-400 01 1226 1988
5
TRACTOR
vi) S&S T-400 03 1553, 1554, 1555 1993
vii) S&S T-650 01 1611 1994
viii) S&S GT-110 04 1774, 1775, 1776 / 1808 1998 / 2000
ix) TLD 02 1868, 1869 2003
Total 23
I) BEDFORD CJP3BZO 07 736 / 1155, 1156, 1157/ 1288 / 1371, 1372 1980/85/89/90
ii) HINO FB 113KA 09 1509, 1510, 1511, 1512 / 1631, 1632, 1633 / 1724, 1725 1993 / 94 / 96
6 F/TRUCK
iii) SHEZORE 02 1849, 1850 2003
Total 18
I) FMC JCPL 02 333 / 499 1974 / 76
ii) SHINCO PDL 68-360 04 951, 952, 953, 954 1984
iii) TREPEL 21545SP 09 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086, 1087, 1088, 1089, 1090 1985
7 L. L. L. iv) TREPEL PCL 70 / 37 08 1329, 1331, 1332 / 1425, 1426, 1449, 1450, 1451 1990 / 92
v) TREPEL PCL 70 / 37 10 1667, 1668 / 1727, 1728, 1730, 1731, 1732, 1733, 1734, 1735 1994 / 97
vi) TREPEL CHAMP-70S 03 1870, 1871, 1872 2004
Total 36

05
I) COCHRAN 316 01 690 1979

ii) TREPEL PCL 21560 02 879, 880 1983
8 M. D. L.
iii) TREPEL PCL 200/56 03 1330 / 1545 / 1666 1990/93/94
Total 06
I) DIETHELM LAV BDR-T-1500 02 1021, 1025 1984
ii) STINAR SLS-500L 03 1252, 1253, 1266 1989
9 FLUSH CART iii) ACE 1012 07 1620, 1621, 1622, 1623, 1624, 1625, 1626 1994
iv) DENGE 01 1854 2003
Total 13
I) DIETHELM WAT-DBR T-1000 01 1001 1984
ii) STINAR SPL - 500 PL 02 1251, 1265 1989
10 WATER CART iii) ACE 2303 06 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638, 1639 1994
iv) DENGE 01 1855 2003
Total 10
I) COCHRAN 660 04 309 / 760, 762 / 941 1973/80/83
ii) WEIDMAN F-500 03 1029, 1031, 1032 1984
iii) DIETHELM BLPDL-9 01 959 1984
11 BAGGAGE BELTER iv) WEIDMAN F-350D 03 1246, 1247, 1248 1988
v) WOOLARD TC 886DL 03 1314, 1315, 1316 1989
vi) AET CB2-15-01 08 1627, 1628, 1629, 1630, 1648, 1649, 1650, 1651 1994
vii) ACE 4269 - 2532 04 1745, 1746, 1747, 1748 1998

05
Total 26
786, 787, 788, 789 790, 791, 793, 794, 795 / 856, 908, 909 /
I) TREPEL 747-3556 22 1035, 1980 / 83
1049, 1050, 1051 / 1130, 1131, 1141, 1142, 1143 / 1198 1984/85/87
ii) CONTRAC / CCS-4000 02 1350, 1351, 1990
12 CATERING VAN
1592, 1593, 1594, 1595, 1596, 1597, 1598, 1599, 1600, 1601,
iii) HI-WAY P-89-21R 20 1602, 1993
1603, 1604, 1605, 1606, 1607, 1614, 1615, 1616, 1617
Total 44
I) TOYOTA FD 60 01 515 1976
ii) TOYOTA FD 80 01 514 1976
iii) TOYOTA 2FD 80 01 567 1977
13 FORK LIFTER iv) TOYOTA FD 20 04 651, 652, 653, 654 1979
v) TOYOTA 3FD 60 03 655, 656, 657 1979
vi) TOYOTA 4FD 25 01 936 1983
Total 11
I) NEOPLAN N-922 08 911, 912, 913, 914, 937, 938, 939, 940 1983
ii) NEOPLAN N-922 06 1079 / 1217, 1218, 1221, 1222, 1225 1985 / 88
RAMP COACH / iii) NEOPLAN N-922 04 1533, 1534, 1535, 1536 1993
14 1319 /, 1353, 1354, 1355, 1356 / 1447, 1448, 1468 / 1508,
BUS
iv) HINO AK 176 KA 15 1513 1989/90/92/93
1514, 1515 / 1663, 1664, 1665, 1993 / 94
v) HINO AK 174 KA 02 1740, 1741 1997

05
vi) HINO AK 176 MA 04 1866, 1867 / 1873, 1874 2003/04

vii) NISSAN CB 12P 02 1382, 1383 1991
Total 41
I) TOYOTA BB-20R 10 926, 928, 930, 931 / 1159, 1160, 1161, 1162 / 1257, 1258 1983/85/89
ii) TOYOTA BB-21R 04 1193, 1194, 1195, 1197 1987
iii) TOYOTA HDB 51 - ZCMZX 10 1556, 1557, 1558, 1559, 1560, 1561, 1562, 1563, 1564, 1565 1993
15 COASTERS
iv) TOYOTA BB-42R - ZRMSS 15 1570, 1571, 1572, 1573, 1574, 1575, 1576, 1577, 1578, 1579, 1993
1580, 1581, 1582, 1583.1584 1993
Total 39
I) TOYOTA HIACE LH 61 RV-
QRB 05 1107, 1108, 1110 / 1229, 1230 1985 / 88
16 DLVRY VAN ii) MITSUBISHI L-33 02 1380, 1386 1990

iii) L-300 05 1415, 1454, 1455, 1456 / 1537 1992 / 93
Total 12
I) SUZUKI VAN ST-308 03 857 / 942 / 1370 1982/83/90
ii) SUZUKI VAN ST-91 01 1250 1989
iii) SUZUKI VAN ST-308 VTR 04 1417, 1418 / 1659, 1660 1992 / 94
iv) SUZUKI PICK-UP ST-30 01 877 1983
17 SUZUKI v) SUZUKI PICK-UP ST-308 R 04 1409, 1410, 1411, 1412, 1992
vi) SUZUKI PICK-UP ST-308 VTR 01 1661 1994
vii) SUZUKI JEEP 01 888 1983
viii) SUZUKI JEEP POTOHAR 01 1726 1996
Total 16
I) TOYOTA LN40 02 859, 884 1982
18 HI-LUX
ii) TOYOTA LN55R-ICR 03 981, 982, 983 1984

05
iii) TOYOTA LN 85R 10 1431, 1432, 1433, 1434, 1497, 1498, 1499, 1500 / 1777, 1778 1992 / 98
Total 15
I) TOYOTA TD-25 18 799 / 897, 900, 901, 903, 904, 905 / 1237, 1238, 1239, 1240, 1980/83/88
1241, 1242, 1243, 1244, 1245, 1263, 1264 1988
1457, 1458, 1459, 1460, 1461, 1462, 1464 / 1856, 1857,
ii) TOYOTA 2TD-25 11 1858,1859 1992 / 2004
1313 / 1381, 1385, 1387, 1388, 1389, 1390, 1391,1392, 1393,
iii) MILLAT 28 1394, 1395 1989 / 91
BAGGAGE
19 1652, 1653, 1654, 1655 / 1678, 1679, 1680, 1681, 1684,
TRACTOR
MF-240 1685, 1686, 1687 1994 / 95
1688, 1689 / 1794, 1795, 1995 / 99
iv) HARLAN HTAB-30-50 SDWFN 10 1750, 1751, 1752, 1753, 1754, 1755, 1756, 1757, 1758, 1759 1998
v) CHINESE 05 1692, 1694, 1695, 1696, 1697, 1995
Total 72
I) NORDCO FF 620 02 353 / 602 1974 / 78
ii) 01 1048 1984
20 AMBULIFTER iii) 01 1180 1986
iv) ERMA AET CHTP-05 01 1723 1996
Total 05
21 C.PICKER I) JLG - 60 02 344 / 723 1974 / 80
22 C.CRANE I) 03 716, 717 / 1134 1980 / 85
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TGS Operations & Maintenance Manual Revision No: 00

Ramp Services Document Ref. RS/OAM/01 Revision Date: 05-09-08

TGS Operations & Maintenance Manual

Issue date: 5th September, 2008

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission

SECTION - 1: TGS OPERATIONS

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission

10.2. WI FOR SAFETY CONSIDERATION AT THE TIME OF TOWING OPERATIONS ............................. 55

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission

FORM 2: DAILY INSPECTION REPORT ............................................................................................... 18

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Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 1

Intentionally Left Blank

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 2

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 3

Intentionally Left Blank

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 4

1.2 List of Effective Pages

Chapter Effective Revision

1 General 1-7 00 05-09-08

ORGANIZATION AND KEY JOB

INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMING THE

4 WI for Vehicle Inspection 15-16 00 05-09-08

5 EQUIPMENTS HANDLING AT RAMP AREA 17-28 00 05-09-08

6 Deployment of Ground Support Equipment 29-40 00 05-09-08

7 WI for post flight activities 41-41 00 05-09-08

8 WI for Marshalling 42-45 00 05-09-08

9 Airside Safety 46-51 00 05-09-08

10 Aircraft Movement Safety Considerations 52-59 00 05-09-08

11 Foreign Object Debris (FOD) 60-60 00 05-09-08

12 SOP for Potable Water Servicing 61-61 00 05-09-08

13 WI for Placement/Removal of Safety Cones 62-62 00 05-09-08

14 Safety Caution in Aircraft fuelling operation 63-65 00 05-09-08

15 Sop for the Issuance of GSE Driving Permit 66-67 00 05-09-08

16 Aircraft Departure Procedure of all Aircraft of PIA Fleet 68-70 00 28-01-09

16 APPENDICES 73-79 00 05-09-08

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 5

TGS considers safety a top priority that cannot be overemphasized. We depend

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*TGS Technical Ground Support

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission 7

2. ORGANIZATION AND KEY JOB

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2.1 Departmental Organizational Chart

OPS OPS Assistant

In Charge In charge loaders In charge

3. INITIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMING

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1. Valid driving license from traffic police (for vehicle operators).

3.1 Duty Time Regulations:

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3.2 WI for Personal Protection on Duty

1. Safety Shoes (steel toe shoes) or boots should be worn to

2. Outer garments that contain reflective material and are of high

3. Gloves should be worn by material handling personnel and

4. Protective gloves should be worn as appropriate to the job

5. Jewellery such as rings and identification bracelets should not

6. Neckties should not be worn, unless they are of the quick

Controlled Document Do not Copy or reproduce without prior permission

3.3 WI for Operating Practices on Duty

1. Personnel shall not walk or stand on a moving conveyor belt.