Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
and Tools
Pre-Optimization is an optional phase and might be required especially for new network
deployment or network extensions. This phase might incorporate tasks such as hardware
functionality checks (proper integration), coverage verification, adjustments for initial
antenna tilts, creation of initial neighbour lists, and RF parameter declaration. Other
optional tasks in this phase may include initial scanner drive test for coverage and
neighbour list verifications.
The objectives of the Service Measurement Based Optimization and the Drive Test Based
Optimization are to assess and improve network performance and quality. Both
optimization phases are independent of each other
Scanner Measurement Tools measure the UMTS physical layer. The system performs
absolute and relative channel power measurements of the Primary Synchronization
Channel (PSCH), Secondary Synchronization Channel (SSCH) and the Primary Common
Pilot Channel (P-CPICH). These three channel measurements can be performed
simultaneously for multiple scrambling codes. Scanners are able to perform power
measurements on the GSM DCS or PCS bands at the same time. The UMTS and/or GSM
channel power measurements are executed without using a UMTS/GSM test terminal.
Required key measurement capabilities are:
Scrambling Code Power Ec and Ec/Io (CPICH)
Scrambling Code Group and Scrambling Code Number
RSSI (Io)
Power measurements on GSM, DCS or PCS channels
Scanner measurement tools are used for pilot coverage surveys to analyze pilot
coverage, best server and pilot pollution, and to identify missing neighbors and non-
UMTS interference.
Service measurement tools must be utilized during the Service Measurement Based
Optimization. These tools are used primarily after network launch when live traffic
exists. Network performance data are collected at the OMC level.
Specific quality and performance criteria, within a UMTS network, are assessed by
certain measures and events. These specific measures and events are performance
metrics that are composed of a series of quality indicators. Since there is a large
amount of quality indicators used for functional and performance tests, a subset of Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) is chosen that best represent the quality and
performance of a UMTS network.
Call Mobility: Intra and Inter RNC Soft Handover Success Rate, Relocation Preparation
(for UMTS to GSM HO) and UMTS to GSM Handover Success Rate, Location Area (LA)
Update Success Rate, and Routing Area (RA) Update Success Rate.
Now we will see the basic RF UMTS optimisation/problem aspects, WCDMA call flow to
understand the performance counters in more detail.
1) Radio Coverage: Radio coverage is defined as an area where the Link Budget
condition, in particular the limited traffic channel path loss (UL or DL) for a service
type is met.
Coverage Hole or Outer Coverage Area Area with insufficient pilot RSCP signal
strength
No Dominant Pilot Area Area with sufficient pilot RSCP signal strength but no
dominant Ec/Io pilot. Usually the case when many equal strength pilots are measured
that lower the overall signal-to-interference.
Number of present pilots are larger than the Active Set Size
The optimization goal is to ensure that all power control algorithms are working
properly. Power control parameters are tuned only when there are obvious power
control failures.
It is important that all received UMTS sectors are either eliminated if not required to
sustain the communication or declared in the neighbour list. An un-optimized
neighbour list has a big impact to the quality and performance of connection. The
practise shows that mostly missing neighbour relations are encountered around RNC
borders.
Neighbour list are pre-optimized during the radio network design stage. Scanner data
can be used to automatically compute a neighbour list for an initial network rollout.
Furthermore, root cause analysis of drive test failures will also provide information on
missing neighbour relations. In all cases extensive drive test are required. Another
possibility to optimise neighbour lists is to use the performance management counters
(handover matrix) once commercial traffic is present.
9) HSUPA: High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) is aimed to improve throughput,
reduce delay and enhance the capacity of a release 6 compliant 3GPP UTRAN. Unlike
HSDPA, mobility is supported through soft handovers.
RRCSucConEst_HSPA RABSucEstTrch_HSPA
2. Accessibility HSPA = *
FRRCConreq_HSPA RABAttTrch_HSPA
AbRelReq_Voice_Cell
3. Retainability Voice = 1 RelComp_Voice_Cell
Blocking Cause:
VS.RadioBearerEstablishmentUnsuccess - #1629
Sub-Counter #0: invalid RAB parameters value
Sub-Counter #1: unavailable dl code resources
Sub-Counter #2: unavailable dl power resources
Sub-Counter #3: Unspecified
Sub-Counter #4: RL failure or RLC error
Sub-Counter #6: CAC RNC Processing resources
Sub-Counter #7: NodeB (CEM) lack of L1 resources
Sub-Counter #8: Lack of transport identifier on the Iu
Sub-Counter #9: Lack of bandwidth on the Iu
Sub-Counter #10: Lack of transport identifier on the Iur
Sub-Counter #11: Lack of bandwidth on the Iur
Sub-Counter #12: Lack of transport identifier on the Iub
Sub-Counter #13: Lack of bandwidth on the Iub
1. Performance metrics
Accessibility / Retainability
2. Mobility Metrics
Avg no of RL per user / Soft handoff success rate / Inter freq / Inter RNC
3. Traffic metrics
Erlangs / Traffic in Mbytes
4. Quality metrics
Throughput per sub / BLER
Accessibility
< target
Identify Top N
cells
Identify Worst
period
Per-fRRC-RRC establishment success rate (UE Perf-CN-Iu SCCP Connection success rate CN
Perf-RAB-RAB establishment success rate
perspective)
High nb
RF RRC SCCP RNC Alarm
unspecified
Conditions Congestion analysis Correlation
Ctg
Retainability
< target
Identify Top N
cells
Identify Worst
period
Qua-lRL-call drop RL
CORE
RF OAM Alarm
Network Mobility UE Prob
Conditions Reasons Correlation
issues
Traffic
Throughput
Total Calls
Idle activity
Call holding times
Call duration
Metrics
Identify Top N
cells
Identify Worst
period
CORE
RF OAM Alarm RNC/RAB
Network
Conditions Reasons Correlation resources
issues
Outages
RNC-Alarms
Overload
Node B alarms
Forced releases
CN Alarms
Quality
Uplink
Downlink
BLER
Noise rise
Power used
EcNo distribution
Metrics
Identify Top N
cells
Identify Worst
period
RL Analysis CORE HW
CORE
RF OAM Alarm
Network UE Prob
Conditions Reasons Correlation
issues
Outages
RNC-Alarms RFO Traces
Overload
Node B alarms
Forced releases
CN Alarms
1) CPV (Cell Performance Viewer): This tool is used for basic KPI monitoring &
performance reporting tool. It has a client-server architecture:
CPV CLIENT: A user-friendly GUI to report on the RAN performance & capacity history
of the Telecom NZ CDMA network.
CPV SERVER: A SQL database containing configuration and performance data based on
regular Prospect CDMA reports
4) WiPS (Alcatel Lucent 9352 Wireless Provisioning System): This tool is for making audit
and changes in the network. This tool is similar to ALU PRC generator in GSM.
6) Actix: This is the drive test Post-Processing Tool used here in TNZ.
Neighbor Tuning Module (CTn)- Tune neighbor list based on 3G-2g handover,
softhandover, HSxPA, inter-frequency, ping-pong triggers, including handoff failure
analysis based on system wide call trace. Similar to UNL+Handoff Matrix in the SPO
space with the addition in HSxPA, ping pong and advanced interfrequency analysis
Call Failure Trace Module(CFT-based on Ctg) - call trace reporting based on call trace
snapshots. Filters, with the option of drilling down to per mobile(IMSI) analysis(daily
granularity). More than 100 causes in CFT vs. 20 at Counter level. Covers all types of
failures in LCAP, NBAP, RANAP, RNSAP, RRC, RNC Internal Causes,etc.