AELCS Lab Manual PDF

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ADVANCED ENGLISH
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
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LABORATORY MANUAL
B.TECH - III YEAR
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JNTU World English Lab Manual
A
BLUEPRINT
FOR
ACHIEVEMENT
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BELIEVE while others are doubting.
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PLAN while others are playing.
STUDY while others are sleeping.
DECIDE while others are delaying.

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PREPARE while others are daydreaming.
BEGIN while others are procrastinating.
WORK while others are wishing.

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SAVE while others are wasting.
LISTEN while others are talking.
SMILE while others are pouting.

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COMMEND while others are criticizing.
PERSIST while others are quitting

OBJECTIVE
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Communication skill is the backbone for facing the global competition, when you enter
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into professional life. The higher one climbs the ladder of success, the more he needs to
chisel his soft skills. Communication skills thus become important for individual success
and for the success of the company. This manual is an attempt to fulfill the basic
demands for fulfilling the gap between the skills already known and the fine skills
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required to excel.
This manual has eight chapters keeping in view the requirements of soft skills demanded
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by MNCs and other competitive evaluative tests. Apart from interactive sessions in the
lab classes and the software, this manual is a precise, clear overlook of matter with
suitable examples and exercises. The chapters include challenging topics like group
discussions, resume preparation, interview skills etc., which are required for the
selection process in software companies.
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CONTENTS
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S.NO TOPICS PAGE.NO
1 FUNTIONAL ENGLISH 5
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2 VOCABULARY BUILDING 10
3 READING COMPREHENSION 20
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4 WRITING SKILLS 24
5 GROUP DISCUSSION 33
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6 PRESENTATION SKILLS 39
7 INTERVIEW SKILLS 44
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FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Man has been using language as a tool of communication for centuries. It has
enabled him to interact with the environment and to regulate his social behavior.
Though there are a number of means of communication, language is the most widely
used instrument. Today, language is one of the most prized possessions for man. It
acts as a repository for wisdom, a propeller for the advancement for knowledge and
a telescope to view the vision of the future. Ever since the dawn of civilization man
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has been trying to exploit the flexibility and dynamism of language for the conduct
of his day-to-day affairs. With globalization there is a need to self evaluate oneself to
be in tune with the required communication skills.
SELF HELP QUESTIONS

1. Do I find it difficult to start a conversation?
or
2. Am I unable to pick a topic?
3. Am I unable to keep the conversation flowing smoothly?
4. Do I always agree with what others say or disagree with them all the time?
5. Do I frequently talk about myself, my family and my interests?
6. Have I a tendency to dominate every conversation situation?
7. Do I give the other participants a chance to speak?
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8. Have I any mannerisms likely to annoy people?
9. Do I respect other peoples time and interests?
10. Am I self-conscious about the language I use grammar pronunciation,
articulation, etc?
Role play is a means to correct oneself for above questions.
ROLE PLAY
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Learning by doing is mostly preferred in the process of effective language learning.

Role Play is the platform where the students improve the speaking skills, non-verbal
communication, and contextual usage of language makes the student understand
how to face real life situation.
When suddenly called upon to make a speech, or dialogue or role- play, the student
may experience a sinking feeling. Of course, one should precisely study the art of
public speaking. In countless instances, circumstances prevent the course of action.
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As we do not secure the essential training in time, we may resort to find sufficient
speech examples to meet the demands of almost any normal situation.
For example, may you assume that you have just been asked to introduce a speaker?
The president of your club looks in your general direction and says, I would like
the club member Shankar to introduce our speaker. This means you have just
acquired a speech assignment. So as a student, you must be prepared to face such
situations.
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The important aspects of role play are speaking skills, listening skills, and non-
verbal communication. One has to cultivate the habit of listening so as to
understand, answer according to the context.
POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND

1. Volume: important for the speaker to study the distance between him and
the listener to focus on proper audibility.
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2. Pitch and Modulation: modulating the voice and the pitch brings about the
grip of the dialogue for effective communication.
3. Pace, Pronunciation and enunciation: maintain optimum pace to be audible
and clear. Proper pronunciation of words and enunciation makes the
dialogue distinct and effective. So, one has to keep in mind the rules of stress
and intonation.
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4. Vocabulary and syntax: Apt vocabulary, correct usage of idiomatic
expressions, phrasal verbs and correct sentence structure help in
communicating effectively.
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION.
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This deals with things that are beyond verbal communication. Non-verbal
communication is partly instinctive, partly taught and partly imitative. Body
language plays a key role in most of the Oral communication. Some of the aspects of
non-verbal communication are following.
1. Eye contact: eye contact is the most powerful and direct element that conveys
ones attitude and readiness for any situation.
2. Facial Expressions: the face is the index of the mind. Universal facial
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expressions are connected with Universal Emotions. A smile indicates

pleasantness; wide opening of eyes shows interest etc.
3. Posture: the variations in three postures standing, sitting and lying down
exhibit negative and positive attitude. Upright position with shoulders in
straight line shows assertive attitude of a person.
4. Body movement and Gestures: body movement talks about movement of
head, hand and feet. Appropriate and controlled hand and feet movements
reveal an assertive and matured personality.
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5. Proximity: one has to analyze the situation and the relation with others to
maintain suitable distance.
6. Appearance: attire, jewelry, makeup, shoes, hairstyle all reveal your
personality, attitude and readiness to participate in a given situation.

EXAMPLES
DINIING OUT
Hostess: Hi, will you be having lunch?

Mary: Yes, but Im not very hungry. Its too hot outside.
Hostess: I know what you mean. Its a scorcher today.
May: Im not used to this kind of weather. Im glad that everything is air
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Conditioned here.
Waiter: Hi, my name is Carl and Ill be serving you today. Can I get you something
to drink?
Mary: Just water, please, with ice.
Waiter: Of course. Ill be back in a moment.
May: Thank you
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Waiter: Would you like to hear about our house specials?
Mary: I think Ill just have a salad, bread, and a glass of white
wine. Waiter: O.K. What kind of wine? Our house wine is quite
good. Mary: Fine, Ill have a glass of that.
Waiter: Would you like some dessert? We have a delicious chocolate cheese
cake.
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Mary: I dont think so. Im on a diet. Just bring the bill, please.
MAKING AN APPOINTMENT
Secretary: Good morning, Haskell, Cleaver, and

Young Alex: Id like to speak to Mr. Young please.
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Secretary: Whos calling please?

Alex: Im related to Stephanie Garner. Mr. Young asked me to get in
touch when I arrived in the U.S.
Secretary: please hold.
Mr. Young: Hello Mr. Alex. How are you? Im looking forward to meeting
you. Can you come by tomorrow at 10 a.m.?
Alex: Yes, I think so. Where are you located?
Mr. Young: Our offices are just behind the State Capitol building. You
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can walk from your hotel.

Alex: What time should I leave the hotel?
Mr. Young? Oh, maybe around 9.30. It should only take about twenty minutes on
foot.
Alex: Thanks, Ill see you tomorrow morning.

EXERCISES
1) Fix an appointment with sales manager of ABC Company for advertising your
special soft ware.
2) You meet your boss unexpectedly in a hotel and he is alone. You join him for tea.
He asks you casually about your past project experience in B.Tech final year. As
a fresher converse with your boss about the project.
3) You have to join a welcome dinner party organized by MNC Company. How do
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you converse in the party with your new colleagues? Converse at least with three
on GENERAL TOPICS.
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Exercise
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VOCABULORY BUILDING
Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be
conveyed. Says the linguist, David Wilkins about vocabulary learning. Vocabulary
is the name for the words that we must know in order to listen, speak, read, and
write effectively. Vocabulary and knowledge of words are closely inter-related. To
develop vocabulary one has to continuously read newspapers, magazines, books and
play language related games. The following are few aspects of vocabulary along with
illustrations that we should know for effective communication:
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SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS:
Words Synonyms Antonyms
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1. abandon Forsake,leave,relinquish Retain, stay.
2. abeyance Suspension, pause, break Continuation,
prolongation.
3. aboriginal Native,indigenious Immigrant, imported.
4. barricade Obstacle, barrier, hurdle. Approachable, help, open.
5. benevolent Charitable, benign, Malevolent, malice, stingy.
kindness,
6. clandestine
W Secret, undercover, Public, open, forthright.
underground
7. discrepancy Variance, divergence, Agreement, concordance,
disagreement. harmony.
8. encroach Intrude, trespass, invade, Desist, withdraw, respect,
violate, infringe. keep away from.
9. entangle Involve, implicate, and Unravel, free, clear.
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ravel.
10. entice Allure, attract, and yield. Repel, repulse, resist.
11. evasive Shuffling, equivocal. Frank, honest, sincere.
12. extrovert More concerned with Introvert, loner.
practical realities
13. fallacy Deception, illusion Truth, real
14. fidelity Faithfulness, loyalty, Faithlessness, disloyalty
dependability.
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15. fiscal Financial, budgetary, Non commercial

economic, money.
16. hazardous Adventurous, bold, Timid, safe, protected,
dangerous, threatening safeguard
17. hone Perfect, complete, edge, Blunt, dull
file, gravid
18. hypothesis Possibility, theory, Posterior, subsequent
antecedent
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19. idiosyncrasy Foible, mannerism Difference, not similar,

artlessness
20. imbibe Absorb, engross, Eject, discharge, vomit
assimilate, digest
21. industrious Hardworking, energetic Indolent, lazy
22. liquidate Knock off, pay off, do in, Endure
neutralize
23. lucrative Brilliance, brightness Dimness, plainness
24. meticulous Punctilious, accurate, Careless, sloppy
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cautious
25. mettle Courage, heart, nerve Cowardice, faint
heartedness
26. mitigate Perishable, deadly Immortal, imperishable
27. notorious Ill-famed, infamous, Anonymous
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disreputable
28. penchant Liking, taste, preference Aversion, dislike
29. proliferate Grow, multiply, manifold Decrease, dwindle
30. relinquish Let go, release Retain, keep
31. repudiate Check, hindrance Freedom, frankness
32. skepticism Disbelief, mental rejection Belief
33. taciturn Incommunicative, Fluent, talkative
W buttoned up, un talkative
34. versatile Various, adaptable, all- Inflexible, limited
purpose
35. vogue Trend, style Unfashionable,
unpopular, unstylish
36. wily Tricky, cunning, crafty Frank, modest
37. yearn Long for, desire strongly Dislike, hate
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38. yield Give, give way, concede Stand

39. zeal Eagerness, readiness, Indifference, lethargy
forwardness
40. zest Zestfulness, spice up, Dullness, lethargy
relish
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IMPORTANT WORD ROOTS

The Root is the basic part of a word. It shows its main meaning and other parts can
be added to it. The following are some root words; their meanings and the various
words formed using these roots.
ROOT MEANING EXAMPLES

Amgious A corner Angle, triangle
Anima, animus Life, mind Animal,animate, magnanimous,
unanimous
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Aqua Water Aquatic, aqueduct
Audio I hear Audible
Bios Life Biomedical, biography
Centrum Centre Epicenter, concentrate
Centum A hundred Centenary, century
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Chronos Time Chronology, anachronous
Corpus The body Corpse,corpulent, corporation
Demos The people Democracy
Floris A flower Flora, flourish
Geo Earth Geocentric, geography
Grapho I write Autograph, calligraphy, graphology
Homo A man Homage, homicide, humane
Impero
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Judicis A judge Judicial,adjudicate, judicious
Kosmos The world Cosmopolitan
Medius The middle Mediator,medium, intermediate
Monos Alone Monarch, monotony
Multus Many Multitude,multinational, multifaceted
Novus New Novice, novel
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Omnis All Omnipotent,omniscient, omnibus

Pathos Feeling Apathy,empathy, sympathy
Phileo I love Anglophile
Primus First Primary, premier, primitive
Scriptus I write Scripture, describe, proscribe
Tele After Telepathy, telephone
Theos A god Theology, theocracy
Thesis A placing Hypothesis
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Verbum A wokrd Adverb, verbal, verbatim
LIST OF IMPORTANT ONE-WORD SUBSTITUTES
Phrase/group of words One-word substitutes

Person who looks at the dark side of Pessimist
everything
Person who looks at the bright side of Optimist
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everything
Person who abstains from all alcoholic Teetotaler
drinks
One who conceals his identity as a writer Pseudonym
under an assumed pen name
Person who knows or can speak many Polyglot
languages
That which can be drunk Potable
That which can be eaten Edible
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That which can b easily digested Palatable
A state of complete continence Celibacy
A speech without any previous Extempore
preparation
A speech made by a speaker for the first Maiden speech
or
time in a particular gathering
A hater of women Misogynist
One who hates mankind Misanthrope
A physician who specializes in diseases Dermatologist
of skin
A physician who specializes in heart Cardiologist
diseases
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Specialist in bone or skeleton disorders Orhtopaedician
Specialist of eye diseases Ophthalmologist
Specialist of diseases of infants Paediatrician
Disease that spreads by contact Contagious
Disease that spreads by means of germs Infectious
carried in the atmosphere
Disease that affects a large number of Epidemic
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people in an area at the same time

Disease prevalent in a particular locality Endemic
Study of the origin of words Etymology
Medicine that loosens the bowels Laxative
Medicine used to calm or pacify Tranquilizer
Person who loves mankind Philanthropist
Person who renounces the world and Theist
practices self-discipline in order to attain
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salvation
Person who does not believe in the Atheist
existence of God
Person leading a life of strict self Ascetic
discipline
Person who is interested in antiquities Antiquarian
Things belonging to ancient times Antiques
Person of strong conviction or prejudice, Bigot
especially in matters of religion
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Incapable of being corrected Incorrigible

One who pretends to be what the is not Hypocrite
One who is all powerful Omnipotent
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES
In a sentence, a word can be used as a noun, verb, adjective or adverb. We can

improve our vocabulary by using words in different grammatical functions. A
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student of science, engineering and technology must be able to identify the
grammatical function of a word by looking at its form, especially, the suffix of the
word. For instance, the suffix ion comes at the end of a noun. Similarly, the suffix
ate comes at the end of a verb. However, it must be remembered that the same suffix
can be used for different functions. For example, the word condition stands for
both noun and verb. In the same way, suffix ate can be used for both adjective and
or
verb as in intimate.
Suffix Noun
-ade Blockade, decade
-age Voltage, package, drainage
-an/-ian/-en Mathematician, tactician, Indian,
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-ance/-ence Reluctance, distance, pretence
-ant Pedant, dependant
-ation/-tion/-ion Sedimentation, fragmentation, attention,
section, animation, fermentation
-ency/-ancy Proficiency, sufficiency, fluency,
buoyancy
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-icede/-ic/-ique Suicide, matricide, fratricide, panic,

unique
-ism Realism, sadism, Marxism
-ship Friendship, hardship, courtship
-it/-ity Certainty, elasticity, duplicity, electricity
-ure/-eur/-our Mature, future, amateur, honour, favour
Suffix Verb
-ate Dictate, intimate, duplicate
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-en Lengthen, weaken, strengthen

-ify/-fy Qualify, quantify, satisfy
-ize Maximize, materialize, civilize
Suffix Adjective
-able/-ible/-ble/-bile Capable, edible, applicable, audible,
mobile, amicable
-al Final, mental, dental, central
-ant/-ent Weaken, golden, wanted, educated
-esque Burlesque, grotesque, statuesque
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-ful Beautiful, useful, sorrowful

-ine/-ish Stylish, foolish, divine, ravine
-ous/-ious Callous, conscious, tedious, dangerous,
rigorous, vigorous, odious
-some Handsome, winsome
-y Needy, seedy, fruity, flowery
LIST OF PREFIXES
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Prefix Meaning Examples
a-/ab- Not Apolitical, asymmetrical,
abnormal, amoral, atheist
anti- Opposite, against Antiseptic, anti-social,
anti-national
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ante- Before Antecedent, antedate,
ante-room
arch- Chief Arch-bishop, arch-enemy
auto- Self Automobile, autograph,
automatic
bene- Well Benefit, benediction,
benevolence
bi-
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bilateral, bicycle
circum- Round Circumstance,
circumference
counter-/contra- Opposite, against Counterfeit, contradict,
countersign, controversy
demi- Half Demigod, demi-official
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e-/ex- Out of Emit, eject, expel, exit

hetero- Different Heterodox, heterogeneous
hexa- Six Hexagonal, hexameter
hyper- Over Hypertension,
hypersensitive
Infra- Below Infrared, infra-dig, infra-
structure
intra- Within Intravenous, intramural
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mono- Alone Monotheist, monomania,

monologue, monopoly
omni- All Omnipotent, omnibus,
omnivorous
phil-/philo- Love Philosophy, philanthropy
poly- Many Polyclinic, polytechnic,
polybion
pro- For Profile, pro-Indian
pseudo- False Pseudonym, pseudo-
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prophet
quadr- Four Quadrangle,
quadruplicate, quadrant
retro- Back Retrospection, retrograde
semi- Half Semi-conductor, semi-
final, semi-automatic
trans-/tra- Across Transfer, transport,
transcend,
transmigration, traverse
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ultra- Extreme, beyond Ultraviolet, ultrasound,
ultramicroscopic, ultra-
modern
uni- One Union, uniform,
unification
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up- Up Upgrade, upward, uplift
yester- Very, previous Yesterday, yester-years
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSION
The word idiom denotes a way of expression rather than mere collection of useful
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phrases. A careful study of the use of idiomatic expressions in our day to day life
helps us communicate effectively.
IDIOMS MEANING SENTENCE

An apple of discord The root cause of quarrel Kashmir is an apple of discord
between India and Pakistan
Add fuel to the fire Make matters worse Your explanation will only add
fuel to the fire
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At ones beck and call Ready to obey ones order The attender is always at the
beck and call of his officer
A black sheep One with the bad In every society there are
reputation bound to be some black sheep
To burn the candle at To waste The young man is burning the
both ends candle at the both ends, I feel
he will realize it shortly
Blow ones trumpet Self boasting It is really very foolish to blow
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ones trumpet
To cry over spilt milk To feel sorry for what had It is no use crying over spilt
happened milk
By fits and starts Irregularly Students must read hard, but
not by fits and starts
Pay heed to Listen Students should pay heed to
the word of the lecturers
Sack cloth and ashes To repent It is too much for us to expect
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our enemy to come in sack

cloth and ashes
Tooth and nail With utmost effort He fought tooth and nail to
defeat his enemy
A wild goose chase Useless venture Search for happiness is a wild
goose chase
To bear the burnt of To face the consequences The students have to bear the
burnt of the strikes
To burn ones fingers To get into trouble He burnt his own fingers in the
new business deal
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To get to rack and ruin To get ruined After the second world war,
Japan and Germany went to
rack and ruin
Hit the nail on the head Judge correctly or say You have hit the nail on the
something exactly right head about
This individual
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Grease someones Bribe someone The rich merchant always tries
palm to grease the palm of the
officer to get his work done.
A birds eye view A casual look Flying in a helicopter, we can
have a birds eye view on
Hyderabad
A Laughing stock
W An object of ridicule A forgetful man is a laughing
stock
Black and blue Severely The police beat the thief black
and blue
A close-fisted man A miser A close fisted man never parts
with a pie
A capital crime A crime that deserves Drug trafficking is a capital
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death sentence crime

To build castles in the To make imaginary Over ambitious people build
air schemes castles in the air
To move heaven and To make all efforts Opposition parties move
earth heaven and earth to pull down
the government
At sixes and sevens In disorder During Telangana agitation
the capital was at sixes and
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sevens
An uphill task A difficult exercise Becoming the prime minister is
an uphill task
To lend ones ears To listen to Students must lend their ears
to the advice of their parents
and elders
A fair weather friend An opportunistic friend One should never entertain
fair weather friends
A past master An expert Sachin Tendulkar is a past
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master in cricket
A man of letters A scholar Mulk Raj Anand was a man of
letters
To be all in all Having all authorities A collector is all in all in a
district
A jail bird A person who often People who have criminal
commits crimes tendencies turn into jail birds
Time and tide Opportunities Clever people make the best
use of time and tide
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In black and white In writing Your explanation should be
submitted in black and white.
EXERCISES
I) In the following questions a word phrase is given in bold letters followed by 4
or
alternatives. Select the alternative that conveys the same meaning as the word given
in bold.
1) Aberrant
a) Abnormal or deviant
b) Addition; appendix to book
c) Dry; barren
d) Refer indirectly
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2) abash
a) acquit
b) confuse
c) blush
d) condemn
3) imposter
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a) imposer
b) lazy
c) cheat
d) painful
4) shun
a) destroy
b) weaken
c) include
d) avoid
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II) In each question below you are given related pair of words or phrases. Select the
lettered word that best expresses a relationship similar to that in the original pair of
words.
1) Sewing machine : clothes :: ice cubes : _______
a) Water
b) Refrigerator
c) Ice
d) Summers
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2) scissors : paper :: drill : __________

a) furniture
b) wall
c) students
d) well
3) farmer : crops :: craftsman : ________
a) exhibition
b) things
c) handicrafts
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d) raw material
4) cleaner : dust :: orthodox : _______
a) generation gap
b) aged
c) thinking
d) enlightenment
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READING COMPREHENSION
Reading is a complex process which deals with recognizing the letter,

comprehending and evaluating it. A good reader is one who follows the sub skills of
reading and comprehends the passage appropriately. Thus the term comprehension
in its extension come from the root word in Latin COM (completely)
PREHENDERE (Hold, grasp). The chief purpose of comprehension is therefore to
get a complete understanding of what is read, so as to get the message what the
writer wishes to convey. The ability in comprehension may be tested in different
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formats. A passage followed by questions on comprehension and a passage followed
by objective type of questions are present in the common format.
TYPES OF READING SKILLS: There are four types of Reading as follows:
1. Skimming: The purpose of skimming is to get main idea or general idea of
or
material by following the methodology of sweeping the eyes across the line
and picking up key words. Thus generally in this type, the speed of reading
goes from 500 800 wpm (word per minute). Example when we skim the
books in library when they are relevant to our required topic.
2. Scanning: It is meant to locate specific answers or information as quick as
possible by glancing at information on the page as a whole. Thus the speed of
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reading in scanning includes 1000+ wpm. Example: dictionary.
3. Intensive Reading: It is to learn, understand and retain information by slow,
serious reading especially. The speed of reading here is 150 300 wpm.
Example when we read the whole text book for exams.
4. Extensive Reading: This is reading for the purpose of joy and pleasure
following free style of reading. It includes 200 250 wpm like in reading of
novels.
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TECHNIQUES OF COMPREHENSION
Reading Comprehension requires motivation, mental frameworks for holding ideas,

concentration and good study techniques. Here are some ideas or techniques for
effective comprehension:
Widen your basics: Widen your basics by reading newspapers, magazines and
books. Become interested in world events
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Learn the structures: good writers construct paragraphs that have a

beginning, middle and end. Often, the first sentence will give an overview
that helps provide a structure for adding details. Look for central point,
phrases in paragraphs that change the topic.
Recognize the reasoning type: Recognize whether the author is using cause
and effect reasoning, hypothesis, model building, induction or deduction,
systems of thinking.
Expect and Guess: really clever student will try to expect the author and
guess the future ideas and questions. If your expectations and guesses are
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right, this increases your understanding. If you are wrong, you make
adjustments quicker.
Method of organizations: See whether the material is organized,
chronologically, serially, logically, functionally, spatially, hierarchically.
Cultivate interest: Go through sample comprehension passages, ask questions,
and discuss ideas with friends and classmates. The more you cultivate
interest, the greater your comprehension.
Observe for supporting ideas: While practicing study pictures, graphs and
headlines. Read the first and last paragraph in a passage, or the first
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sentence in each section.
Underline, summarize and review: Just reading a passage once is not enough.
To develop a deeper understanding, you have to underline, summarize and
review important ideas.
Build vocabulary: for many, this is a lifetime project. The best way to
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improve your vocabulary is to use a dictionary regularly. You might carry
around a pocket dictionary and use it to look up new words. Or you can keep
a list of words to look up at the end of the day. Concentrate on roots, prefixes
and suffixes.
Vocalize words: Yes although it is faster to form words in your mind rather
than on your lips or throat, Eye motion is important. Frequent backtracking
slows you down considerably.
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EXERCISE:
Read the article about the performance of new product and choose the correct
answer:
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The PG Plunger Tea Concept
Unilever pulled the plug on its PG Plunger loose tea concept on March 2004 after
sales failed to reach the companys expectations. The product had been a bold move
by the food giant to inject some life into the flagging hot drinks market, which the
previous year had seen sales in top supermarkets drop by 1.3 % to dip below the $ 1
billion mark. However, despite receiving praise from buyers, the concept, which
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urged consumers to use cafeteria-style plungers (a kind of coffee pot) for brewing
tea, failed to capture the imagination of consumers. A $ 1.5 million first year
support programme and introductory packs on containing a cafetiere also failed to
stir much interest.
The decision to ditch the PG Plunger concept hit Unilever hard. The group
was desperate to find a way to keep ahead to its rivals in hot drinks. Despite its
continued success in March 2004, with its brand PG tips tea bags as the nations
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second favourite hot drink behind Nescafe original, the brands sales had suffered at
7.6 % drop in supermarkets previous year, failing to less than $ 90 million.
`A spokesperson for unilever said: From its launch in February 2003 until March
2004, the PG Plunger format unfortunately did not reach expected sales and so it
was no longer viable to continue production on the same basis. However he added
that since March 2004, the Plunger concept had continued to have a presence in
Food service outlets that is outlets other than shops and supermarkets, such as
hotel, pubs and leisure centers and that retailers could expect continued
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innovation from the PG brand.
Joise Wright, a retailing expert from leading supermarket chain, somerfield, said
that one of Unilevers biggest mistake was to assume that consumers would be
happy to use coffee-making equipment to tea. She explained: Unilever should be
praised for trying to breathe life into the loose tea market, which does have a rather
or
old-fashioned image, and they had a good concept. But the unforeseeable problem
was that consumers could not or would not use their cafeteria for making both tea
and coffee because of the taste clash.
1) The PG plunger loose tea concept was launched in order to [ ]

a) Meet targets set by group owner, Unilever.
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b) Increase sales across the PG owner to $ 1 billion.
c) Stimulate the declining market sector which included tea.
2) According to the first paragraph, how did consumers respond to the product?
[ ]
a) Those who bought the product gave positive feedback.
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b) Many bought the pack with a free gift but then lost interest.
c) They thought the cafeteria lacked originality.
3) What were the PG Tips tea bag brands standing in the market in March 2004?
[ ]
a) It had lost its lead to competitors.
b) It had kept its position behind one rival.
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c) It had struggled to stay at the top.
4) What happened to the PG Plunger format after March 2004? [ ]

a) It was replaced in the brand range with other innovations.
b) It was re-launched with some other alteration.
c) It was targeted at other stockists.
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5) What is Joise Wrights opinion of the PG Plunger concept? [ ]

a) Unilever should have researched consumer reactions more carefully.
b) Unilever deserves credit for their attempt to innovate.
c) Unilever had a good idea which could have been marketed better.
6) What is the main topic of this text? [ ]

a) The difficulties of expanding an established brand.
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b) The way different companies respond to declining sales.
c) The failure of the product to change peoples habits.
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WRITING SKILLS
Of the four skills in language learning, writing and speaking are known as
active skills while reading and listening are passive skills. In the course of a
students career it is important that he develops all four skills to grow in his career.
Communication is very essential in todays world. We all need to communicate our
needs and at the same time have the ability to grasp other peoples needs. We cannot
communicate by speaking all the time. We need to communicate with the written
word in most cases as a supplement to our spoken word or to make our needs
formal and taken seriously.
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RESUME WRITING
From the perspective of the hiring company, your resume is your initial brochure.
Period. Nothing more and nothing less. Once you start looking at the resume from a
marketing perspective, you will be on your way toward developing a more effective
or
resume. It cannot make the sale any more than a marketing brochure can sell a
car there still has to be the test drive, a look under the hood, a chance to kick the
tires, etc. But, if the marketing brochure is effective, you have already been sold on
the car before you arrive at the showroom.
RESUME OR CURRICULUM VITAE (CV)

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The primary difference between Resume and CurriculumVitae is the length, the
content and purpose. A resume is a one or two page summary of your skills,
experience, and education. A goal of resume writing is to be brief and concise since,
at best, the resume reader will spend a minute or so reviewing your qualifications.
A Curriculum Vitae, commonly referred to as CV, is a longer (two or more pager),
more detailed synopsis. It includes a summary, publications, presentations, awards,
honors, affiliations and other details. There is no correct way to construct a CV, but
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remember the following two principles:

Make it clear: Use direct, simple language, short headings and highlight the
important things like the titles of previous jobs.
Make it short, no more than two sides of paper. A busy human resources
manager with 20 CVs to read in half an hour wont want to read anything
longer.
POINTS TO CONSIDER WHILE PREPARING A CV

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Clear well-organized and logical

Concise relevant and necessary
Complete includes everything you need
Current up-to-date
INFORMATION TO INCLUDE IN YOUR RESUME

Contact section: Who you are and how can you be reached?
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Object statement: What do your want to do?
Education section: What have you learned?
Experience/Employment section: What can you do? What have you done?
Professional activities and accomplishments: How have you been recognized?
Miscellaneous: What else do they want to know about you?
Standard CVs are usually divided into a maximum of eight sections. One of the most
common ways to order the sections is like this:
1. Personal details: These are facts about you and how to contact you. The
section should include your name, address, date of birth (not age, as this will
have to change every year), and nationality. Some people attach a passport
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size photo, which can help attract an employers interest.
2. Career objective: This is recommended only for recent graduates or entry
level personnel. The purpose of the objective statement is to inform the
reader of your career goals. The statement should be written specifically
enough to let the reader know that you have a focus to your job research.
or
3. Education: This should outline your educational history and your
qualifications. Theres no need to give details about primary or elementary
school. If you left school some years ago and have done company or
professional training courses, it may be more important to highlight these. In
this case, you can call this section Education and training.
4. Employment: This should include the different jobs you have done. Start
with the most recent as this is usually the one where you had the most
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responsibility. You should list the main duties of each job as it may not be
clear from the job dealt.
5. Skills: Here you should list any other skills that employees might be
interested in, like computer skills or speaking another language.
6. Interests: This includes sporting and leisure interests. Avoid obvious ones
that most people share like reading and watching TV.
7. Personal profile: This section describes what kind of person you are and is
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usually written in complete sentences. Try writing down ten words or

phrases which describe your good points and then putting them into a
paragraph. Dont be modest and use phrases like fairly good or usually
hard-working. Other applicants will write the best descriptions that they
can, so you must too!
8. References: You should include two people who can provide you with a
reference. One should be your last employer, if possible. Make sure you ask
their permission first.
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TYPES OF RESUMES
2. Chronological Resume: In this type, job history is organized chronologically

with the most recent information first. Job titles and organizations re
emphasized and duties and accomplishments are described in detail. This is
easy to read, since it highlights names of employers and job titles, and
emphasizes career growth.
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A chronological Resume is advantageous when:

Your recent employers and/job tiles are impressive
You are staying in the same career field
Your job history shows progress
You are working in a field where traditional job search methods are utilized
(e.g., education, government)
A chronological Resume is not advantageous when

You are changing careers
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You have changed employers frequently
You want to de-emphasize age
You have been absent form the job market
3. Functional Resume: In a functional Resume, skill sand accomplishments

developed through work, academic, and community experiences are
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highlighted. Your skills and potential can be stressed and lack of experience
or possible gaps and work history de-emphasized. However, it is important to
realize employers often view functional resumes more critically for these very
same reasons.
The functional Resume is advantageous when:

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You want to emphasize capabilities not used in recent work experience
You want to emphasize personal qualities relevant to eh job such as
industriousness, cooperative attitude, related interests, and aptitudes
You want to focus on capabilities rather than lengthy employment history
You are changing careers/re-entering the fob market
Your career growth in the past has not been continuous and progressive
You have a variety of unrelated work experiences
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Your work has been free-lance, consulting, or temporary in nature.
The functional resume is not advantageous when

You have little work experience
You want to emphasize promotions and career growth
You are working in highly traditional fields, such as teaching, accounting,
and politics, where employers should be highlighted.
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4. Combination Resume: This format combines the best elements of the

chronological and functional types. It includes a candidates qualifications
summary as well as his work history and education summary. This format is
advantageous for those who wish to change to a job in a related career field.
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SAMPLE RESUME:
Justin Kelly
456, X Street, Y Avenue,
San Jose, CA-95110
(123) 456-7890
justin@email.com
Objective : To give my software career a solid start by joining eminent and highly
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professional software company and contribute to the success of the company by
outstanding performances and thereby advancing my career
Summary of Qualifications:
Exceptionally brilliant and superb academic records
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Profound knowledge about software development environments
and Substantial talent in achieving critical solutions
In-depth knowledge of fundamental development languages such as C, C++,
JAVA and uncommon talent of writing highly efficient programs
A high tendency and capability to suit to the high paced and largely
pressurizing work environment at a software development organization

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Through knowledge of traditional as well as modern operating systems and
great hand at their troubleshooting
Exposure to the hardware components of different makes of computer
systems and ability to handle simple hardware problems
Great fluency in spoken and written English, with working knowledge of
French and Spanish
Academic education:
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Graduated in Software Engineering from University of San Jose, San Jose,

CA (2006)
Academic projects:
"3rd normal form". This was my last year engineering academic project.
Through this project, I succeeded in achieving database normalization up
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to third normal form using normal development languages (C, C++, etc.)
Extra Curricular:
Completed training courses in Oracle-9i,DBA track and cleared the

respective online certification exams
Completed a special training course in Performance tuning-Oracle
9i database, at an Oracle training partner institute
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Undergone a 6 month special training of French and Spanish at

Alex Language Institute, San Jose, CA
Interests and Hobbies:
Traveling
Watching Baseball and Soccer
Reading
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Personal Details:
Date of Birth: XX / XX / 1988

Marital status: Single
Expected employment status: Full time
Ready to Relocate: Y / N
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References: Will be available on request
Date:
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*******
Exercise:
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Write a short note on resume.

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REPORT WRITING
A repot is a form of communication through which some information is conveyed. It

must be clear, simple, direct and readable. Again the person preparing the report
must have a clear and specific idea of the following:
The subject of the report

The person who requires the report
The purpose for which the report is expected to be used
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These reports are the channels of valuable information. They can be both verbal
and informal. But we are generally concerned with written and formal reports.
Again in general the formal written reports are divided into two types: short report,
which can be in the form of letter and memos etc with brief matter. Second one is
said to be detailed report, which can be in the form of project or documentary
including more number of pages.
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Guidelines to write official report:
The first step in writing an official report involves the collection of data
through investigations, inquiry, meeting, surveys etc.
The second step is to arrange the information in a format used for the
purpose.
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The style and tone used in official reports is usually formal.
It is important to present facts clearly and concisely because they will be used
to take decisions.
An official report must be accompanied by a formal covering letter thanking
the person, people or the organization concerned for assigning you the task
of making the report and stating your availability for further discussions and
clarifications.
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Use the right format to write the report.
FORMAT TO WRITE AN OFFICIAL REPORT
From ( name and designation of the person writing the report)

Date
To (name and designation of the person to whom the report is sent)
Title of the report
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Terms of reference (who authorized the report/why it is being made, what

the reporter has been asked to survey, etc.)
Abstract or summary (included when the report is very long, so that busy
senior colleagues may get the essence of the report quickly, without having to
go through the main body of the report)
Body of the report ( explaining how the necessary information/data was
collected and giving the findings of the investigation)
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Conclusion ( containing the reporters interpretation of the facts and his /her
comments and recommendations)
Signature (of the person writing the report)
Appendices (in case of large data or information, the writer can provide at
the end).
SAMPLE OF SHORT REPORT IN LETTER FORM:
DR.C.VIDYANIDHI
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Vice-Chancellor
Royal University
Nagpur
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Aug 10, 2010
To,
The Commissioner of School Education

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Government of Andhra Pradesh
Hyderabad
Title: Introducing computer education in school Curriculum
Terms of reference: as per your letter dated May 1 , 2010

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Findings: On 1 May this year, you asked us to study the feasibility and
desirability of introducing computer Education in all government, aided and
unaided schools in Andhra Pradesh keeping in view the changing trends of time.
Accordingly, we have made an indepth study of the issue. The report is
submitted as follows:
Enquiries made:
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We met different levels of people to elicit their views on feasibility or desirability

of Introducing computer Education in Schools. The schedule of our meetings
was as follows:
May 3, 2010 : Met senior officials of Department of school Education

at Hyderabad
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May 4-6, 2010` : Spoke to District educational Officers in person and

on telephone.
May 7-20, 2010 : Met representatives of private school managements,

Headmasters and staff of certain selected schools and
elicited their views
May 21-31, 2010 : Held informal discussions with the parents and the
students of certain selected schools.
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June 2-15, 2010 : Met computer professionals of reputed organizations
like Satyam computers and Wipro and held discussions
with them.
Present situations: At present the school curriculum does not provide for
or
computer education, the maximum focus is on
conventional type of education. In fact the school
authorities do not bother to update the curriculum and
do not realize the importance and necessity of computer
education.
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Future Policies: Computer science together with information technology is the
only way out for most of ills of society. Rather computer
become base for study, understanding and evaluation of
all other sciences. All the officials, teachers, students
and their parents have called for immediate
introduction of computer education in all the school in
Andhra Pradesh.
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Recommendations:
We therefore make the following recommendations:
I. A functional Computer Education curriculum be drafted and prescribed

in all school with effect from the academic year 2010- 2011.
II. All schools are provided with computers along with necessary laboratory
facilities.
III. Required number of trained teachers should be appointed immediately.
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We are unanimous in our opinion that these recommendations provide a sound

basis for introducing Computer Education in all the schools in the state of Andhra
Pradesh with effect from 2010-2011.
Vidyanidhi (Signature)
(Dr.C.Vidyanidhi)
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Vice-Chancellor
Royal University
EXERCISE:
Imagine that you are an officer in the Meghalaya Forest Department. The Secretary
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of the Department has asked you to report on the steps taken in the previous year to
converse the forests in and around Shillong. Use the points in the box below and also
browse the Net for more information to write the report, presenting facts and
making recommendations. (150-180words)
Expansion of areas under forest cover through regeneration and tree
or
plantation programmes, with focus on species having commercial and
economic value, protection of forests and their produce from fire, diseases,
chopping of trees, poaching and encroachments.
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GROUP DISCUSSION
Group discussion is an important part of selection process by organizations in their

search for right candidates to help to do their business effectively. It creates an
impression in the minds of the panelist regarding a candidate. It is a means to
evaluate the ability to work with co- technocrats. The ability of communicating
effectively and assertively in a group, to find solutions to the problem oriented
situations, analyzing the case logically in a case study are some of the aspects judged
in the G.D round. In short thinking, analyzing, arguing, convincing, persuading are
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the mental abilities that are evaluated in this qualifying test.
G.D generally last for 10 to 20 minutes, since their will be 6 to 10 members in the
group, one can speak not more than a minute and two. So the following four points
have to be remembered:
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Listen carefully.
Analyze what you are listening to.
Think quickly.
Talk briefly, precisely & relevantly.
PREPARING FOR THE G.D:

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A well prior preparation is needed to get through the G.D session, which includes
following points:
General Knowledge is important, which can be gain by reading news paper,

watching news channel etc.
Let the body language add meaning to whatever you are saying and
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strengthen it as expression is very important.

Learn the G.D skills i.e., if you are initiating the discussion; say what you
know not everything at once. If somebody else speaks up, dont cut their talk
stating dont say, wait etc. Listen carefully and completely. Be humble etc.
A FEW EXPRESSIONS USED IN G.D
Activity Expression
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1. Lead the discussion - Its not difficult to understand that problem

exists in.
The problem is We may begin
by looking at..
2. Draw someone into discussion What do you think?
Whats your opinion?
3. Refocus the discussion - Shall we look at the topic from another angle?
For instance
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4. Involve others in the discussion How will you.?

Dont you
think? 5. Help someone to participate Yes, You are right.
Please go on.
Can you elaborate?
6. Summarize - Its time to summarize what we have been saying..
7. Conclusion - Its time to conclude
8. Express opinion - I dont think so..
I agree with you
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DOS OF G.D:
Initiate discussion, if you can.
Keep discussion short but relevant and interesting.
Avoid repetition and be polite.
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Give time for others to make their own contributions.
Keep eye contact.
Substantiate your views with suitable examples.
Use appropriate gestures and follow correct body language.
DONTS OF G.D:
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Dont speak loudly or shout at others.
Dont become emotional
Dont be dogmatic.
Dont be silence for too long.
Dont repeat whats already said.
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EXAMPLE:
Topic: Which is more beneficial to the society: electronic or print media?
Examiner: Ladies and gentlemen! Please settle down and be relaxed to take part in
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a group discussion. The topic is: Which is more beneficial to the society: electronic
or print media? You are at liberty to speak in favor of either of them. Now we
recede to the back ground to evaluate your performance. Please start the discussion.
Speaker 5: Well friends! I would like to initiate the discussion be expressing my

view in favor of electronic media. T.V and internet have brought about
revolutionary changes in the world. News travels through electronic media so fast
transmitted thus giving easy fast access to the viewers.
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Speaker 2: I fully agree with speaker 5 .A TV has specific channels on science,

geography and education, which are knowledge based. Besides, there are plenty of
channels on entertainment which function round the clock. A person at any time
can turn to TV and enjoy any programme of his choice.
Speaker 3: Sorry to interrupt you madam. There are two sides of coin. The
electronic media had certain ill effects, which harm children and even adults.
Children are so glued to TV that they forget about their studies. One Day
international matches broadcast for seven or eight hours a day have negative effects
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on all. Besides students, even employees apply for leave and enjoy the matches.
Teenagers and elders surf internet against their health. The print media has no such
negative effects. There was a talk that electronic media may put newspaper out of
business but this has not happened. The print media is getting more popular over
the masses.
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Speaker 1: I am afraid I cant agree with the previous lady speaker. If popularity
alone is considered electronic media has a definite edge over the print media. These
days, every house has a TV; some of the theaters are being closed because people are
no longer attracted to it. They would like to watch a movie at home with their family
when they are free. Besides, the electronic media is known for the quickest
transmission of news and information. The news becomes stale by the time it
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appears on the papers, as people have already come to know of it from TV.
Speaker 4: Speaker 1 may be right as far as the quick transmission of news is

concerned but people these days would like the know the details of certain
happenings and for that it is the newspaper that is useful. In newspapers we find not
only news but views also. The print media is known for its authentic news and
constructive criticism of the activity of government. It reports and comments in
greater depth without fear than what the electronic media does. The channels on TV
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are few but newspapers, journals and magazines are innumerable and they reflect
the opinion of the people. The government can find out from the print media how
the public reacts to their policies. You can have TV and internet at office and at
home but cant carry them to bathroom! The print media on the other hand is handy
and you can take it anywhere you like.
Speaker 2: Our friend has spoken about the merits of print media. But all these
merits can be associated with even the electronic media. No doubt, we have critical
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comments on the policies of the government on the print media. But in TV, we have
open discussion on them in a live coverage where representatives from different
political parties sit together and discuss before a moderator, which is more effective
and exciting than a verbal description of the views.
Speaker 3: All these are nothing when compared to obscene dances and jokes
presented visually on TV and internet which are more likely to lead younger
generation astray.
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Speaker 1: The electronic and print media have their own good and bad effects. But,
why should we have negative approach? Let us choose what is good for us and avoid
the rest. The electronic media is certainly and effectively more beneficial to society
for job search. Young people depend more on internet facilities. Students and
researchers sit before an internet for hours, collecting information. Business
community looks for market on TV. The press media has become rather outdated.
Speaker 3: Sorry to object to this statement. Newspapers are read even in remote
villages. For the cultural and moral development of society, an honest mass media is
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essential and for that we cant think of other than print media.
Examiner: It is time for us to end. I feel that opinions are sharply divided on this
issue. It is difficult for us to reach a consensus. I thank you all for your participation
in the discussion.
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EXERCISE.
1. Education should be job oriented

2. Democracy in India is a failure
3. God created Man or vice versa?
4. Classroom learning vs. e-learning.
5.
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Euthanasia to be legal or not?
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Exercise
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Exercise
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or
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PRESENTATION SKILLS
In business or in a students career making presentations will be a part of the career

all throughout. Therefore, attention must be paid towards honing the skills of
effective presentation skills. Some of these presentations are made in formal
situations and few in informal situations and most of the times these presentations
are impromptu, meaning, a manager might ask an employee to discuss a technical
topic at a staff meeting, so the speaker begins speaking without preparation or
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planning.
Presentations are of 3 kinds

1. Impromptu: are those where the time given for preparation is minimal
2. Extempore: are the ones where the time given for preparation is adequate.
After adequate preparation, you can outline the speech and prepare lecture
or
notes and presentation aids, practice the presentation and then deliver the
presentation with ease
3. Seminar: are those where sufficient time is given to write a research article
that can be read out to the audience using suitable presentation aids.
FEW SELF HELP TIPS

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1. Research your topic
2. Analyze your audience
3. Outline your message
4. Use a multimedia approach
5. Rehearse the speech out aloud
6. Arrive early
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7. Start with an introduction

8. Use note cards or your visual aids
9. Dont let questions digress from your main topic
10. End with a summary of your main points
Presentations can be oral in the form of JAMs or Oral presentations or Seminars.

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JAM
Just a Minute or JAM is impromptu speech given in the time limit of one minute. In
this fast developing global technology there is need for quick analysis and
resourceful decision making. There is no extensive preparation and one has to speak
innovatively at the spur of the moment.
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS
Oral presentation is a formal address by a person to a group of people with or

without using visual aids and other tools like slide show, video or audio clip and
power point presentations.
Oral presentation serves various purposes for students and others. Considering
students, effective presentation skill can improve his or her chances of landing in a
good career. It has become an important medium to gauge the strength of a
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candidate with regard to aspects like language competency, arrangement of ideas
and persuasive skills. It is therefore advisable to improve oral presentation skill in a
proper manner.
FOUR P s OF EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION

1. Planning
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2. Preparation
3. Practicing
4. Presentation
In order to make a presentation more effective there should be use of visual written
aids like
1. Handouts
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2. Boards and Flip Charts
3. Power Point slides
4. Overhead projector slides
FEW DOS AND DONTS FOR AN EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION

Dos Donts
1. 1.Do your research thoroughly 1. Assume anything without
2. Organize the data in an researching.
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appropriate order. 2. Leave any stone unturned in

3. Prepare effective, appropriate, collecting data.
and clearly visible visuals and 3. Confuse the audience with
keep them in order. inappropriate order of ideas.
4. Ensure that visuals are properly 4. Present huge data in verbal form
visible to all the audience. with a visual supplement.
5. Introduce the presentation 5. Block the view of the visuals.
content to the audience. 6. Give complete information in the
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6. Wear polite and pleasant introduction.

expression and dont put on an 7. Be careless about non-verbal
act. communication.
7. Study the audiences non-verbal 8. Ignore the audiences distraction.
cues to understand whether they 9. Argue or debate with any one in
are getting convinced or not. the audience to make them
8. Be persuasive throughout the believe you.
presentation and make all efforts
to retain the audiences attention.
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EXERCISES
1. Android.
2. Digital jewelry
3. Stress in Engineering life
4. Mummification
5. Punishment to support social ethics
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or
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Exercise
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Exercise
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or
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INTERVIEW SKILLS
An interview is a powerful inter-personal communication between two individuals.

It may also be defined as a direct interaction between the candidate (employee) and
the employer with specific purpose and mutual benefits. In a face to face interview,
the candidate is in view before a panel of prominent persons and closely examined
by them.
The interviewing process is a complex means of gathering relevant data about a

candidate for a particular Job position, promotion or making a selection panel.
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Job interviews are turning out be more challenging these days for various reasons
like:
Limited vacancies for a large number of aspirants

Growing competitions in the job markets
or

Increasing focus on the candidates personal and inter-personal skills.
Success in a job interview depends on knowledge, good speaking skills, through

preparation and use of appropriate interview strategies.
PREPARING FOR AN INTERVIEW AND FACING IT EFFECTIVELY:

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The following are the points to help the candidates to face interviews
effectively:
Personal Information: Usually the candidate is asked to tell about

himself/herself. By grabbing the opportunity, the candidates are required to
tell their strong points, qualification, special interest, achievements etc.
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Analyze your skills: Every job has a set of functions and also requires certain
skills to perform. Analyzing your skills relating to the position offered by the
interviewer is necessitated during the interview.
Dress code: One has to present himself/herself in a neat professional look by
following neat and formal dress code; it instead gives the candidate a
confidence too.
Develop the interview file: You should develop the interview file that should
have documents such as: Original certificates, interview letter, certificates of
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merit, Experience certificates, and copies of your resume.
Dos of interview skills:
Be firm regarding your opinions

Be confident, a pre-requisite to great achievements
Be matured in answering and behave so.
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alla Reddy College of Engineering & Technology English Lab Manual
Be dressed clean and comfort and look pleasant.

Answer to the question with good supportive points
Be sure you read newspaper, thus aware of all around happenings
Be sure you reach the venue before time.
Wish the interviewers pleasantly after entering the room
Be a good listener so that you can answer what is asked correctly and criptly.
While asking, do keep the question brief
Say good day while leaving the room
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Be polite and accurate to your answer
Have a positive attitude.
Donts on interview skills:
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Dont be guided by emotions and external impressions.
Dont have nagging self doubts
Dont be immature in answering and behavior
Dont wear informal dress and look shabby
Dont be tensed

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Dont enter into the interview room without asking permission of the
interviewer
Dont interrupt or answer in mid way
Dont try to supply words or phrases to the interviewer.
FREQUENTLY ASKED INTERVIEW QUESTIONS:

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1. Tell us something about yourself?

2. What are your career objectives? What type of position are you
looking for?
3. Tell us something about your interests and activities?
4. Why should we hire you? What makes you fit for this position?
5. Why do you want to join our company?
6. Tell us something about your work experience?
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7. Where do you see yourself in five years?

8. Are you a leader or follower?
9. How long do you want to stay with us?
10. When can you join us?
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SAMPLE INTERVIEW BEFORE THE SELECTION COMMITTEE
Mr. Raj is neatly dressed with a nice tie and polished shoes. He looks fresh with
clean face. He is tension free and enters the room saying May I come in, Sir.
Mr. Raj sits at ease in the chair greeting them Good Morning gentlemen and
ladies
BOARD MEMBER 1: May I know your name?
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Candidate: I am Raj sir.
(The interviewer already knows the name through the resume but wants to confirm
it.)
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BOARD MEMBER 1: Will you tell us about your qualifications?
Candidate: I am an M.Tech from IIT (Madras) with Power systems as my

specializations. I am one of the toppers. I did my B.Tech in K.P.R College, near
Vijayawada. I did inter with good percentage in S.S.J College in Vijayawada. I
maintained a good academic record.
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BOARD MEMBER 2: Why do you want to switch over from teaching profession to
Software?
Candidate: Sir, I believe Software profession is a challenging career. It helps me to

explore my inherent skills. I have done considerable research too.
BOARD MEMBER 3: Are you confident that you can fare well here. You will have
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to work for longer hours?
Candidate: well sir, I am interested in finding out innovative methods. I used to

wake up late nights during my M.tech course and even there in teaching profession,
I used to spend most of my leisure time in the laboratory doing research work. I
have the necessary physical stamina and mental ability.
BOARD MEMBER 4: Suppose you are put in the Research and Development wing,
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sometime you may have to go to America for training. Are you willing?
Candidate: By all means, Sir, Learning is a continuous process. I am sure the

company and I will be benefited by the training. I do not hesitate to go there.
BOARD MEMBER 5: Are you familiar with any computer language courses?
46

Candidate: Yes, Sir. Though I studied Electrical and Electronics, I learnt some of
the computer languages like C, C++, Visual and Basic and Oracle. I am at present
familiarizing myself thoroughly with JAVA language.
BOARD MEMBER 4: Mr. Raj, How much salary are you expecting?
Candidate: The usual salary you offer for the person having these qualifications. I
want to show my mettle in the job assigned to me. After assessing my competence
and capability in my duties, you can increase my salary. Let me be given advance to
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serve your organization.
BOARD MEMBER 5: All right. You are welcome. Take the order from the
Administrative Office and join within a week.
Candidate: Thank you very much, Sirs. I shall join as early as possible.
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EXERCISE:
Write the dialogues of mock interview that you have done in the lab.
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47

Exercise
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or
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48

Exercise
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or
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49

OVERALL TEACHERS EVALUATION
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B.TECH - III YEAR

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STUDY while others are sleeping.

DECIDE while others are delaying.

BEGIN while others are procrastinating.

WORK while others are wishing.

SAVE while others are wasting.

LISTEN while others are talking.

SMILE while others are pouting.

COMMEND while others are criticizing.

PERSIST while others are quitting

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SELF HELP QUESTIONS

Learning by doing is mostly preferred in the process of effective language learning.

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POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND

expressions are connected with Universal Emotions. A smile indicates

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Hostess: Hi, will you be having lunch?

Secretary: Good morning, Haskell, Cleaver, and

Secretary: Whos calling please?

can walk from your hotel.

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Words Synonyms Antonyms

15. fiscal Financial, budgetary, Non commercial

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19. idiosyncrasy Foible, mannerism Difference, not similar,

38. yield Give, give way, concede Stand

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IMPORTANT WORD ROOTS

ROOT MEANING EXAMPLES

Omnis All Omnipotent,omniscient, omnibus

Verbum A wokrd Adverb, verbal, verbatim

LIST OF IMPORTANT ONE-WORD SUBSTITUTES

Phrase/group of words One-word substitutes

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