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Distillation is a process of separating component substances (fractions) from the whole (liquid
mixtures) through vaporization and condensation. As substances (fractions) of liquid to be distilled
have different temperate for vaporization, a system should be designed to facilitate vaporization,
condensation and removal of the various condensates. Process removes fractions of whole and it is
specifically known as fractional distillation.

Benefits of distillation equipment manufactured by Kalina Engineering

We manufacture complete distillation system or individual equipment for distillation process
All equipment available in Carbon steel or Stainless steel
Manufactured as per your drawings and specifications
Strident quality assurance system
Manufactured as per ASME
Reliable and proven. With more than 30 years of experience
Complete supply of Pipes and Valves for the plant
Choice of buying Automation components of the renowned brands
Assistance in installing the system

Distillation System Description

Configuration of distillation system will depends on feed ( liquid to be distilled ) and desired products
(condensate). We will customize the distillation system as per your requirements.

A typical distillation system will have following equipment

Kettle reboiler-Distillation column- Main condenser and Product cooler

All equipments are also offered individually or as a system. It can be part of Alcohol distillation
system or solvent recovery system or complete system for Alcohol, Ethanol distillation or we can
also manufacture distillation system for your proprietary distillation process.

Brief Description of individual equipments of distillation system

manufactured by Kalina Engineering

1. Kettle Reboiler
Distillation is the process of collecting vaporizing vapor by condensation process. Kettle reboiler will
create the vapor of liquid to be distilled. Kattle reboiler will have U tube bundle inserted into the
cattle. Heating media will be circulated through the tube bundle, which in turn will transfer the heat to
the liquid inside the kettle.

2. Distillation Column
Distillation column is the heart of distillation system. Vapor created in kettle reboiler will be
condensed in the distillation column. Fractional distillation column will separate the components
(fractions) by repeated vaporization-condensation cycles within distillation column. We offer packed
as well as non-structured column. Read to know more

3. Condenser
Liquid to be distilled will be partially condensed in the distillation column and remaining uncondensed
vapor will be condensed in the condenser. It is shell and tube condenser with vapor in the shell and
water in the tubes.
The system can also have accessories and supporting equipments like Vent condenser, Reflux
drum, product cooler and a return line as per process requirement.

Vent Condenser
From the condenser, partially condensed vapor will further condensed in the vent condenser.

Reflux Drum
Part of Condensate collected from the condenser will be collected in the reflux drum. And will be
returned to the upper part of the distillation column. Inside the column, the down flowing reflux liquid
provides cooling and condensation of the up flowing vapors thereby increasing the efficiency of the
distillation tower.

Product Cooler
If your product needs to be further cooled after receiving from the condenser, we can be offer
Product Cooler.

Product Receiver
Condensed, final products will be collected in the product receivers. As per your requirements we
can manufactured the product receiver.and passing dirty solvent.
he Distillation is a Process of separation of constituents of a Liquid Mixture & separate
Recovery of Vapour Residue.
 Basics of Distillation Column

Various Kinds of devices Called Plates or Trays are used to bring the two phases in intimate
contact. The trays are stacked one above other & enclosed in a Cylindrical Shell To Form An
Equipment what we call as

'Distillation Column'.
TERMS USED IN DISTILLATION PROCESS
FEED :

Feed is a Material which is to be separated into fractions.

It is Introduced at One or more Points Along the Column Shell

 Due to Difference on the Gravity between Liquid Phase & Vapor Phases, the Liquid Runs
Down the column Cascading From tray to Tray while the vapour goes up the Column,
Contacting the Liquid at each tray.

ABSORPTION & STRIPPING

Flow Diagram of Absorption-Stripping system for Hydrocarbon recovery from Gaseous mixture

Many operations in Petrochemical Plants require the Absorption of component of gas

streams into lean oils or Solvent.

The resultant rich oil is then stripped or Denuded of the Absorbed Materials. The Greatest
use of this operation utilizes Hydro carbon materials but the Principles are applicable to other
systems provided adequate equilibrium data is available.
FRACTIONATION

Schematic Process of Fractionation Tower

Fractionation Column is a type of still.

Crude oil is a typical feed for such a Fractionation column & from it, the column can form
simultaneously several distillates such as Wax distillate, Gas oil, Heating oil, Naphta, & Fuel
gas.

The feed is heated in the furnace before it enters the Column.

As the feed enters in the Column, quantities of vapour are given off by flashing due to release
of pressure of the feed.

As the vapour rise up the column, they come in intimate contact with down flowing Liquid.
During this contact, some of the higher components of the vapour are condensed & some of
the higher components of the down flowing liquids are vaporised.

This process is termed as REFLUXING

REBOILER
 The reboiler can be thought of as a pot sitting on Heating surface of a Stove top. In order to
create & sustain two phases Needed for the separation, Heat exchanger must be regulated to
the Column.

The Reboiler is a large heat transfer unit that is Generally located outside of the column shell
of the distillation column.
Reboiler Connections
DISTILLATION COLUMN INTERNALS

DISTILLATION COLUMN INTERNALS

Column internals are based on the internal details i.e.

1) Plate Type.

2) Packed Column.
Process Flow Diagram

Distillation column process flow diagram