D7 Stormwater Management

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
Contract No.
DEVELOPMENT DESIGN
SPECIFICATION
D7
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D07-Stormwater Management- Hastings 2003 Rev 1.doc February 2004 (Copyright )

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STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Contract No.
Amendment Record for this Specification Part
This Specification is Councils edition of the AUS-SPEC generic specification part and includes Councils primary amendments.
Details are provided below outlining the clauses amended from the Council edition of this Specification Part. The clause numbering
and context of each clause are preserved. New clauses are added towards the rear of the specification part as special requirements
clauses. Project specific additional script is shown in the specification as italic font.
The amendment code indicated below is A for additional script M for modification to script and O for omission of script. An
additional code P is included when the amendment is project specific.
Amendment Key Topic addressed in amendment Clause No. Amendment Author Amendment
Sequence No. Code Initials Date
0 Customisation for Hastings Council All inclusive OAM HC 31/7/03

Local Government Area
1 Relocation of Contents page to n/a AOM HC 26/02/04

beginning of document .
IPWEA MID NORTH COAST GROUP

AUSPEC-1 D07-Stormwater Management- Hastings 2003 Rev 1.doc November 2003 (Copyright )
Contract No.
CLAUSE CONTENTS PAGE
GENERAL ................................................................................................................................3
D7.01 SCOPE .........................................................................................................................................3
D7.02 OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................................3
D7.03 REFERENCE AND SOURCE DOCUMENTS.........................................................................................4
D7.04 PLANNING OF DESIGN ...................................................................................................................5
D7.05 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS...............................................................................................................6
D7.06 ACCEPTABLE MODELLING TOOLS AND METHODS ...........................................................................6
D7.07 TOTAL WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT PLAN .....................................................................................8
D7.08 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN...............................................................................................8
D7.09 BUFFER ZONES ............................................................................................................................8
STORMWATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................9
D7.10 STORMWATER RUNOFF .................................................................................................................9
D7.11 WATER QUALITY............................................................................................................................9
D7.12 STORMWATER TREATMENT MEASURES........................................................................................13
STORMWATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT DEVICES......................................................14
D7.13 SELECTION OF STORMWATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT DEVICES ...................................................14
D7.14 MAINTENANCE COST ...................................................................................................................14
D7.15 WET RETENTION BASINS/PONDS ..................................................................................................15
D7.16 TRASH RACKS.............................................................................................................................18
D7.17 GROSS POLLUTANT TRAPS ..........................................................................................................18
D7.18 LITTER BASKETS ........................................................................................................................19
D7.19 CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS AND PONDS ......................................................................................19
D7.20 INFILTRATION SYSTEMS ..............................................................................................................23
D7.21 VEGETATED SWALES..................................................................................................................26
D7.22 BIORETENTION SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................27
EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL .............................................................................28
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AUSPEC-1 D07-Stormwater Management- Hastings 2003 Rev 1.doc February 2004 (Copyright )
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Contract No.
D7.23 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN .......................................................................................28
D7.24 SOIL DISTURBANCE .......................................................................................................................28
D7.25 NO ACCESS AREAS .....................................................................................................................28
D7.26 DIVERSION WORKS .....................................................................................................................29
D7.27 DROP DOWN DRAINS ...................................................................................................................30
D7.28 STOCKPILES ...............................................................................................................................30
D7.29 SEDIMENT BASINS/TRAPS/DAMS...................................................................................................30
D7.30 SEDIMENT TRAPS / BARRIERS FOR MINOR CATCHMENTS...............................................................31
D7.31 LEVEL SPREADERS .....................................................................................................................32
D7.32 THE LOCATION OF SHAKEDOWN AREAS AND ACCESS STABILISATION.............................................32
D7.33 WIND EROSION/DUST CONTROL ...................................................................................................33
D7.34 REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING SITES ..........................................................................................34
D7.35 EXTERNAL SITE REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................34
D7.36 DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................35
APPENDIX A.......................................................................................................................39
TABLE D7A 2 WETLAND ZONES , TYPICAL SPECIES AND FUNCTIONAL PROCESS (Somerset et al 1996)..................39
TABLE D7A - 3 TOTAL WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS ................................................................44
TABLE D7A - 4 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS - SMP.................................................................45
TABLE D7A - 5 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN REQUIREMENTS ESCP......................................................47
TABLE D7A 6 POLLUTANT REDUCTION EFFICIENCIES ( Brisbane City Council Design Guidelines for Stormwater Quality
Improvement Devices Final Draft 4 November 1999)...........................................................................49
TABLE D7A 7 Brisbane City Council design guidelines for Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices Final
Draft 4 November 1999 .........................................................................................................50
Figure D7-10 Hastings and Camden Haven River Catchments water quality regions ......................................51
Table D7A 8 Environmental Values Hastings and Camden Haven Regions..................................................52
Fig D7A - 11 Coastal Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution................................................................................53
Fig D7A - 12 Lower Inland Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution ......................................................................54
Fig D7A - 13 Upper Inland Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution .......................................................................55
Table D7A 9 Landuse and Pollutant Concentrations .....................................................................................56
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DEVELOPMENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION D7
GENERAL
D7.01 SCOPE
1. Works covered by this specification include any land development or use including
Private, Council or other Authority works which may impact on the quality and quantity of runoff Land Development
discharging from the site or to any natural or artificial waterway or water body. It includes, but, is not limited to and Authority
construction, operation and use of: Works
Subdivisions
Buildings, structures and surrounds
Earthworks, dams, lakes, roadworks and drainage works
Trenches, pipelines
Development site works (access roads, car parks, landscaping, drainage works, pedestrian facilities,
fencing etc)
Extractive industries
Mining
2. This specification details the information relating to stormwater quality required to accompany development Specification
applications and construction certificate applications. Or in the case of Council or Authority works, Part V Details
assessments and detailed engineering plans.
D7.02 OBJECTIVES
1. To provide detailed design provisions in line with Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD), Water Principles
Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and Total Water Cycle Management (TCM) and principles.
2. Ensure retention and enhancement of natural watercourses, aquatic habitat and riparian vegetation. Retain natural
watercourses
3. Ensure stormwater runoff meets specified quality objectives during the construction and occupation Stormwater Quality
phase of a development.
4. To promote scenic, landscape and recreational values for stream corridors through the integration of Integration
stormwater treatment techniques into the landscape by incorporating multiple use corridors that maximise the
visual and recreational amenity of developments.
5. Provide an effective major and minor stormwater system that is cost effective and incorporates life Effective
cycle costs (LCC) of investigation, design, operation, maintenance and replacement of stormwater infrastructure. Stormwater
systems
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D7.03 REFERENCE AND SOURCE DOCUMENTS
(a) Council Specifications
D5 - Stormwater Drainage Design

D13 - Street & Landscape Design
C211 - Control of Erosion and Sedimentation
C273 - Landscaping
(b) NSW State Legislation
Environment Planning & Assessment Act, 1979

Dams Safety Act, 1978
Soil Conservation Act, 1938
Water Act, 1912
EPA Act, 1979
Local Government Act, 1993
Water Management Act 2000 No. 92
Protection of Environment (Administration) Act 1991
Protection of the Environment (Operations) Act 1997
Coastal Protection Act 1979
SEPP 71 Coastal Protection
SEPP 14 Coastal Wetlands
Environment Planning and Assessment Regulation 2000
(c) State Authorities
NSW Department of Housing

- Soil and Water Management for Urban Development
August 1998
- Managing Urban Stormwater Soils and Construction 1998
Roads and Traffic Authority
- Erosion and Sedimentation Design Considerations.
Soil Conservation Service
- Erosion and Sediment Control - Model Policy and Code of Practice (Discussion
Paper).
NSW Department of Land and Water Conservation (DLWC)
- Urban Erosion and Sediment Control.
- Constructed Wetlands
NSW Acid Sulfate Soil Management Advisory Committee

- Acid Sulfate Soil Manual 1998
MUS
- Urban Design to be released February 2004.
EPA
- Managing Urban Stormwater Council Handbook 1997
- Water Quality and River Flow Interim Environmental Objectives 2000
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(e) Other
Tweed Shire Council
- D7 Stormwater Quality
North Coast NSW Sustainable Water Model Planning Provisions (Draft 2003)
The Institution of Engineers Australia

- Australian Runoff Quality Manual June 2003 (ARQ) (Draft)
Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology

- Water Sensitive Road Design- Design options for improving stormwater quality
of road runoff (Report 00/1 Aug 2000)
- Water Sensitive Urban Design A Storm Water Management Perspective.
(Report 02/10 Sept. 2002)
Hastings Council
- Guide for Building Sites
- Erosion and Sediment control code (Code 18)
- Total WC Management Strategy (Expected completion April 2004)
- Hastings Stormwater Management Plan
Standards Australia
- AS3500.5: 2000 National plumbing and Drainage Part 5: domestic installations
Brisbane City Council

- Water Quality Management Guidelines Ver. 1 2000
- Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices Final Draft November 1999
- Natural Channel Design Guidelines December 2000
- Guidelines For Selecting Remedial Works July 1997
Melbourne Water
- Constructed Wetland Systems Design Guidelines for Developers 2002
Lower Hunter and Central Coast Regional Environmental Management Strategy (LHCCREMS)
- Draft Model Planning Provisions 1999 (Donovan, Cameron and Coombes)
AUSTROADS
- AP-R232 Guidelines for treatment of stormwater runoff from road infrastructure.
D7.04 PLANNING OF DESIGN

1. Prior to commencement of design an assessment of the physical characteristics and constraints of soils,
landform and drainage of the site shall be carried out. Planning and design of land development shall be based on Site Characteristics
water quality objectives to ensure there are either no negative stormwater impacts, or there is a beneficial impact,
on upstream or downstream land, watercourses and receiving waters.
Water quality design objectives include, but are not limited to, the following: Water Quality
Objectives
Existing natural watercourses and riparian vegetation (with appropriate buffer widths) are to be retained
and restored. Natural watercourses shall not be replaced with artificial drains or pipes.
Land use development design will have regard to landform and drainage of the site, the physical
characteristics and limitations of soils (including identification of actual and potential acid sulphate soils)
and likely impacts on stormwater quality.
Designs shall ensure stormwater runoff discharged from development sites conforms with water quality
objectives as outlined in this specification.
Plan submission requirements include, but are not limited to the following:
Plans submitted with a development application must be sufficiently detailed to allow the feasibility of
stormwater quality management proposals to be assessed.
Plans submitted with a construction certificate must contain all appropriate engineering drawings,
operation/cleaning/monitoring/action/maintenance schedules.
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2. No site works shall commence prior to approval of the Erosion & Sediment Control Plan (ESCP) and/or the
Stormwater Management Plan (SMP). Implementation must be supervised by personnel with appropriate Approval of the
qualifications and/or experience in soil conservation on construction sites. ESCP & SMP
D7.05 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
1. Unless advised elsewhere in this specification, works to capture pollutants from stormwater runoff shall be Design Average
designed to accommodate a design storm equivalent to a 3 Month ARI Storm Event (for calculation purposes 40% Recurrence Interval
of the 1 year ARI storm event is to be adopted.), overflow / bypass arrangements are to be designed to (ARI)
accommodate a 1 in 100 year ARI storm event without erosion, scouring or structural damage to erosion or
sediment control devices, or remobilisation of previously deposited sediment.
2. Erosion and sediment control works shall be designed in accordance with Managing Urban Stormwater
Soils and Construction NSW Dept of Housing 1998 (referred to subsequently as [REF 1] . Australian Runoff References
Quality Manual The Institution of Engineers Australia (ARQ) and Acid Sulphate Soil Manual NSW Acid Sulphate
Soil Management Advisory Committee 1998 (ASSM).
D7.06 ACCEPTABLE MODELLING TOOLS AND METHODS

1. Three methods or a combination thereof are recommended to determine the requirements to maintain or
Modelling Methods
enhance stormwater quality.
a. Best Management Practices (BMP).
b. An estimation of the average annual pollution loads from stormwater in kilograms of pollutant
exported per year, relating land use, annual rainfall, catchment runoff characteristics and
average pollutant concentrations to estimate the annual pollutant load generated from the
catchment under both pre and post development conditions (refer to D7.06.8). Once the
increase in pollutant loads is determined appropriate Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices
(SQIDs) shall be selected to conform to the criteria specified in Table D7-7. Refer to D7.25 and
Appendix A Tables D7A-6 & D7A-7 for SQID selection.
c. Comparison of water quality discharging from a proposed development catchment to

predetermined water quality objectives (Tables D7-4 to D7-7). And the design of Stormwater
Quality Improvement Devices (SQIDs) to enable conformance to the required water quality
objectives (Tables D7A-6 to D7A-7). Refer to D7.06.04 for Water Quality Models.
2. Best Management Practices (BMP) for erosion and sediment control during construction are required for
BMP Construction
all works. Requirements are specified in sections D7.23 to D7.35 of this specification and in REF1.
3. For BMPs to be applied to low risk developments such as Single Dwellings refer to D7.23. and
Low Risk Works
Appendix A Table D7A-5
Single Dwellings
4. Water Quality Models.
For development or development proposals which are deemed to be a High Risk to the environment. Water Quality
The following models and modelling approaches are acceptable for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with Models
this specification
MUSIC.
AQUALM.
Modelling approaches as listed in Chapter 13 of ARQ if appropriate to the requirements of water quality
objectives.
Preliminary assessment using simple modelling techniques as specified in Section D7.06.8 D7.06.9
5. Drainage Models
The following models and modelling approaches are acceptable to council for the purpose of demonstrating Drainage Models
compliance with this Specification: -
DRAINS, CIVILCAD or other models as approved by Council.
6. Modelling Parameters. Modelling

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Refer to Appendix A and Specification D5 Stormwater Drainage Design for the parameters required for modelling Parameters
of catchments within the Hastings LGA.
7. Rainfall Data Set.
Refer to Aus-Spec D5 Stormwater Drainage for IFD information for each region within the Hastings LGA Rainfall Data Set
The file (refer to Drains & Music Base Files) available from council provides the climatic data set to be used for
modelling purposes.
8. For preliminary calculations, checking purposes and determination of pollutant loads for Low Risk Preliminary
Development the modelling technique using constant concentration levels may be used. The following Calculations Low
formula shall apply. Risk Developments
L = PCvCA
Where L = average annual load (kg)
P = average annual rainfall (mm)
Cv = annual average volumetric runoff coefficient (dimensionless)
A = catchment area (km)
C = average event mean pollutant concentration (EMC) (mg/L) (refer to Chapter 3 of ARQ for landuse &
predicted pollutant loads) Refer to Table D7.4 and Appendix A Table D7A 9
9. For Preliminary calculations, determination of increased annual runoff volumes and determination of Preliminary
increased pollutant loads for High Risk developments and works the Spreadsheet file: Runoff Calculations High
Transposition V3-2.xls shall be available from Council. Risk Developments
10. For design purposes the Hastings LGA has been divided into regions with similar annual rainfall as Rainfall Regions
follows:
a. Coastal Region the area bounded by the eastern coastline, the northern & southern boundaries of the
Council LGA and the area east of the Pacific Highway.
b. Lower Inland Region the area bounded by the northern and southern boundaries of the Council LGA,
all areas west of the Pacific Highway with an elevation below 150m AHD.
c. Upper Inland Region the area as specified for the Lower Inland Region with an elevation above 150m
AHD.
11. The annual rainfall readings for the average dry, average and average wet year shall be used in Range of Rainfall
calculations to determine the variation in pollutant loads and to size proposed infrastructure accordingly.
Table D7.1a Runoff Coefficients

Development Type Average Runoff Table D7.1b Average Annual Rainfall
Coefficient Cv Hastings Council Region Average Annual
Rainfall (mm)
Forest 0.20
Woodland 0.25 Coastal Region Wet Year 2062
Agricultural 0.40 Coastal Region Average 1526
Open Space & Parks 0.35 Coastal Region Dry Year 1172
Rural 0.30 Lower Inland Wet Year 1814
Rural Residential 0.30 Lower inland Average 1297
Low density Urban 0.60 Lower inland Dry Year 974
Residential Upper Inland Wet Year 1225
High density Urban 0.75 Upper Inland Average 1040
Residential Upper Inland dry Year 837
Industrial / Commercial 0.95
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TWMP
D7.07 TOTAL WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT PLAN
1. A Total Water Cycle Management Plan shall be required for developments consisting of greater than 100
lots or greater than 8 Hectares in area (which ever is lesser). Refer to Appendix A Table D7A - 3 for
details of the requirements for a Total Watercycle Management Plan.
SMP
D7.08 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
1. A Stormwater Management Plan shall be required for all developments. For the plan requirements of
High Risk Developments (Developments greater than 6 Lots and / or greater than 2500m) and Low Risk
Developments (Single dwellings and Duplexes less than 6 Lots or less than 2500m in area). Refer to
Appendix A Table D7A - 4
D7.09 BUFFER ZONES
1. Buffer zones are corridors of vegetation adjacent to ephemeral and permanent waterways or disturbed Filters
areas. The vegetation shall be retained in order to filter suspended solids and reduce the nutrient levels in run-off.
Wetlands, stream and rivers adjacent to construction sites shall be protected by buffer zones.
2. Buffer zone performance increases as catchment area and slope gradient decreases. Buffer widths shall be Performance
nominated in accordance with Tables D7.2 and D7.3.
3. Where a conflict occurs in the determination of buffer widths between: slope, area, sensitivity & minor Width
tributaries the greater distance shall be adopted. Refer to Fig. D7.1 To determine the category of drainage channel
4 Buffer zones can reduce the need for other erosion and sediment control measures. However, Contaminated
contaminated water in a concentrated form shall require treatment both at its sources point and final disposal. Water
Table D7.2 Buffer Slope and Width Ratios

Side Slope % Buffer Width in Metres
(total width)
2 15
4 20
6 30
8 40
10 50
12 60
14 70
Table D7.3 Riparian and Waterbody Buffers
Catchment Area of Watercourse Buffer Distance in Metres (Distance
from each bank)
<100 Ha. 20m
>100<500 Ha. 30m
>500 Ha. 50m Fig. D7-1 Channel / Stream Ordering System
Environmentally Sensitive 50m
Minor tributaries, 1st,2ndOrder 10m
Drainage Channels/stream
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STORMWATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS
D7.10 STORMWATER RUNOFF
1. Any change of landuse within a catchment causes a variation to flow rate and duration of stormwater Landuse
runoff.
2. To maintain stormwater runoff from a catchment equivalent to the pre developed or existing flow rate
and duration a combination of detention and retention facilities shall be required.
3. Detention facilities shall be designed to attenuate the change in peak flow rate due to a change of Detention
landuse within a catchment to a level equal to the pre developed flow rate. Refer to Auspec Design Specification
D5 Stormwater Drainage for details of detention requirements.
4. Retention facilities shall be designed to hold stormwater runoff within the catchment for a period of time Retention
to enable water to continue in the hydrological cycle via infiltration and evapotranspiration. Refer to Section 7.31
Infiltration Systems and Section 7.33 Bioretention Systems of this specification for further details of design
requirements.
5. If the stormwater runoff flow rate and duration equivalent to the pre-developed conditions cannot be Downstream
achieved an upgrade of the existing council stormwater infrastructure downstream of the discharge shall be Infrastructure
required subject to approval by council.
6. Design details shall be submitted to council to prove the adequacy of the existing system and/or the
proposed upgrade works to handle the increase in flows.
7. Where the discharge point is located at a permanent natural waterway a permanent erosion control Downstream
design shall be provided to prevent the erosion of the downstream waterway to which the catchment runoff is Waterways
directed to. In lieu of NSW EPA documents relating to channel design (currently being developed) refer to Brisbane
City Council design guidelines Natural Channel Design December 2000 and Guidelines for Selecting Remedial
Works July 1997 .
8. Where in-stream erosion control measures or upgrade of infrastructure works cannot be carried out by
the proponent of the works a contribution (cost figures to be provided by Council) is to be provided for works to be
carried out by Council. Erosion control measures shall be required from the discharge point of the catchment to the
receiving waterway or to the next catchment discharge point with the shortest distance being the determinant.
D7.11 WATER QUALITY
1. Development or works that do not include water quality or quantity controls have the potential to
increase pollutant loads of receiving waters, relative to those occurring under pre-development
conditions.
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2. An assessment of water quality impacts and control measures to mitigate or improve the water quality
shall be a carried out by the following process.
a. Identify the Water Quality Objectives (WQO).
b. Determine the Risk Category of the proposal.
c. Determine the type and condition of the receiving water ecosystem.
d. Determine the pollutant loads generated by the proposed works.
e. Determine the types of treatment measures to be used to mitigate or improve the water
quality from the proposed works.
3. Water Quality Objectives (WQO) are used to describe the quality of water that is needed in a receiving Water Quality
water to protect or enhance Environmental Values (EV). Environmental Values are those values that a Objectives.
community believe a particular waterway should hold eg: ability to safely swim in a river or adjacent ocean
beach, or the ability of a waterway to sustain healthy aquatic ecosystems.
Water quality objectives in this specification are based on the guidelines as specified in the Water Quality
and river flow interim Environmental Objectives for the Camden Haven and Hastings River catchments
Refer to Appendix A Fig. D7 10 and Table D7A 8 and Chapter six (6) of the Australian Runoff Quality
manual 2003. Aquatic ecosystem values are to be used as a base to determine the protection level
required for a specified development. Unless determined otherwise by Council.
4. Water quality objectives shall be evaluated over the full range of rainfall conditions (Refer to Appendix A
Fig. D7A 14 Regional Rainfall Distribution Hastings LGA)) to maintain the long-term protection of the pre
determined Environmental Values (EV).
5. Water quality objectives shall be determined based on a developments RISK to the environment. Low Low Risk
Risk development (eg: single dwelling construction) will not be required to identify relevant water quality Development &
objectives for down stream receiving waters but will be required to follow Best Management Practices BMPs
(BMP) in relation to the control of erosion, sediment and stormwater quality as outlined in this specification
and in accordance with the document Managing Urban Stormwater Soils and Construction,
Department of Housing 1998 Chapter 9 Building sites. (Or current equivalent document.)
6. High Risk developments are classified according to the following criteria. Any development or High Risk
development proposal: Development
a. Located in a waterway corridor.
b. Located within the catchment of a wetland area.
c. Consisting of multiple dwellings or commercial uses with an impermeable surface area ( including roof
area) in excess of 2500m and / or
d. Subdivisions greater than 6 lots and / or
e. Industrial activities that are not impact assessable and at least 1000m in uncovered storage/working
space.
f. Uncovered car parks > 100 spaces.
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Ecosystem Type
7. The long-term water quality sustainability of a high-risk development shall be based on viable protection
levels of aquatic ecosystems. The classification of protection levels of aquatic ecosystems is defined as:
a. Pristine ecosystem or unmodified ecosystem, having high conservation values and protection status.
b. Slightly to moderately modified ecosystem, where the ecosystem is largely intact (habitats, limited
catchment clearing) such that some restoration of the original values is viable.
c. Highly modified ecosystem, where the original ecosystem is so disturbed that it cannot be restored to
a slightly to moderately disturbed condition, but is capable of sustaining some ecological and
conservation values with appropriate management. (Ref: ARQ Chapter 6)
Council shall confirm determination of the classification of the receiving ecosystem.
8. Estimation of Sustainable Average Annual Export Load (SAAEL) is to be a risk-based process where Sustainable
the export loads are compared to the trigger level for the receiving waterway Average Annual
(ref: ARQ 6.3.1 ARQ approach to estimating sustainable catchment loads). The median insitu water quality Export Load
indicator must be below the trigger level of a receiving waterway to comply with this specification. Refer to
tables D7.4 to D7.7
9. The assessment of potential water quality impacts shall be based on.
a. Changes in water quality discharging from a catchment and proposed management techniques to
ensure no increase of or an improvement in water quality.
b. Increase in the average annual load of key pollutants, above that occurring under existing conditions or
to levels compliant with predetermined water quality objectives.
10. Unmodified ecosystem median pollutant levels shall be within the or below those indicated in Table. D7.4 Unmodified
for compliance with this specification. (Sourced from ARQ and water quality and river flow interim Ecosystems
environmental objectives Hastings and Camden Haven Rivers 2000 .)
Table D7.4 Unmodified Ecosystem

TP TN DO % PH SS
Receiving Water
ug/L ug/L Sr Units mg/L
Upland Stream 10-20 100-250 80-90 6.5-7.5 25
Lowland Stream 10-20 100-250 80-90 6.5-7.5 50
Lakes/Reservoirs 5-10 150-300 80-90 6.5-8.0 6
Estuaries 10-20 150-300 80-90 6.5-8.0 6
Marine 25 120 80-90 8.0-8.4 0.5
11. Modified ecosystem median pollutant levels shall be below those indicated in Table D7.5. for compliance Modified
with this specification. Ecosystems
Table D7.5 Modified Ecosystem

TP TN DO % PH SS
Receiving Water
Upland Stream 20 250 90-110 6.5-7.5 25
Lowland Stream 50 500 85-110 6.5-8.0 50
Lakes/Reservoirs 10 350 90-110 6.5-8.0 6
Estuaries 4 300 80-110 7.0-8.5 6
Marine 25 120 90-110 8.0-8.4 0.5
12. Highly modified ecosystem median pollutant levels shall be below those indicated in Table D7.6 for Highly Modified
compliance with this specification. Ecosystems
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Table D7.6 Highly Modified Ecosystem

TP TN DO % PH SS
Receiving Water
Upland Stream 24 310 80-120 6.2-8.0 31
Lowland Stream 60 620 75-110 6.2-8.6 62
Lakes/Reservoirs 12 435 80-120 6.2-8.6 -
Estuaries 36 370 70-120 6.7-9.1 7
Marine 30 150 80-120 7.6-9.0 0.7
13. In addition to the aforementioned median pollutant levels, any stormwater treatments shall be designed to Pollution Retention
meet the minimum level of pollutant load objective in accordance with Table D7.7
Table D7. 7 Stormwater Treatment Pollutant Load (ARQ 2003)

Pollutant Objective Pollutant Objective
Suspended Solids 80% retention of Sediment 100% retention of
SS average annual load sediment greater than
0.125mm for flows up to
the 3 month ARI peak
flow
Total Phosphorus 45% retention of Oil & Grease No visible oils for flows
(TP) average annual load up to the 3 month ARI
peak flow
Total Nitrogen 45% retention of
(TN) average annual load
Litter 100% retention of
litter greater than 5
mm for flows up to the
3 mnth ARI peak flow
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D7.12 STORMWATER TREATMENT MEASURES
1. The main components required to enhance stormwater quality are as follows:

a. Vegetated Buffer Zones (VBZ) and filter strips, porous pavements, grass swales in landscaped areas or
similarly treated areas to facilitate the natural assimilation of water pollutants and reduce run-off. Swales
are not preferred as a substitute for kerb and gutter where on street parking is required, unless cars can
be excluded from swale areas on roads serving small lots with numerous driveways or where gradients
are <1% or >5%.
b. Where required, gross pollutant/sediment traps shall be designed to intercept litter, oil and debris to
maintain visual quality in downstream waterways, and to reduce the coarse sediment load on
downstream water management structures.
c. Wet retention ponds /permanent sediment ponds shall be designed to allow particulate matter to settle
out operating under both sedimentation and macrophyte regimes.
d. Wetland (Nutrient) Filter shall be designed to enhance the removal of fine sediment and nutrients from
stormwater run-off, (which are largely dependent on biochemical removal mechanisms).
e. Infiltration systems shall be designed to focus on the control of pollutants and the retention of
stormwater.
f. Selection of stormwater quality enhancement devices and practises shall be based on current
environmental guidelines and best practise management procedures. As a guide Tables D7A-6 and 7
may be used to select appropriate treatments.
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STORMWATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT DEVICES
SQIDs
D7.13 SELECTION OF STORMWATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT DEVICES
1. The appropriate selection of Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices. (SQIDs) will assist
developments meet Councils Water Quality Objectives (WQO). In selecting an appropriate SQID or
combination of SQIDs the following process shall be followed:
a. Risk Category identify whether the proposed development is low risk eg: Single dwellings &
Duplexes <6 Lots or < 2500m or high risk eg: Development >6 Lots and/or 2500m.
b. Pollutant Type identify the target stormwater pollutants for the proposed land use for the construction
and occupational phases of the development using tables D7A-3 And D7A-4 In appendix A
c. Construction Phase during this phase the primary contaminant of concern is usually sediment. To
identify the appropriate Best Management Practices (BMP) the guidelines contained within REF1 shall
be used.
d. Occupational Phase (low risk) if the development is low risk Water Quality Objectives (WQO) need
not be identified. Table D7A-6 (Appendix A) shall be used to select which type of quality control device
is appropriate. Table D7A -7 (Appendix A) may be then used to assist in sizing an appropriate device.
Additional references can be used to provide alternative treatment devices if appropriate.
e. Occupational Phase (high risk) if the development is high risk WQOs shall be identified as outlined
in section 7.06 Of this specification. Table D7A-6 (Appendix A) may be used to determine the
appropriate types of devices, but detailed analysis shall be required to determine pollutant export loads
and demonstrate that the device selection meets relevant WQOs for receiving waters.
f. Maintenance Plan where SQIDs are selected as an appropriate treatment device a maintenance plan
shall be required as specified in table D7A-4 (Appendix A).
g. Documentation the Stormwater Management Plan is to include details of the SQIDs selected, their
location, the timing for installation, and the maintenance regime.
D7.14 MAINTENANCE COST
1. An evaluation of costs shall be submitted stating the initial establishment costs and the annual
maintenance costs
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2. Establishment costs shall include the following: Establishment Costs
a. Total cost of feasibility studies; grant application costs (where applicable).
b. Total conceptual, preliminary and detailed design costs.
c. Total construction costs including project management and/or contract management costs.
3. Annual maintenance costs shall include the following:
a. Administration costs. Maintenance Costs
b. Staff training.
c. Inspections.
d. Waste disposal.
e. Restoration of infrastructure within the maintenance period.
f. Monitoring of pollutant levels.
Note: costs shall include any construction difficulty associated with:
Access requirements
Service relocations or provision
Geological conditions
Shallow bedrock
Water table level
Permeability
Erodibility
stability
D7.15 WET RETENTION BASINS/PONDS
1. Basins designed for water quality control should maximise the extent of settling. In general quiescent Maximise Infiltration
conditions and infiltration should be maximised.
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2. A wet retention basin can be located either on-line or off-line . Its capacity however needs to be Location and Size
considerably greater if it is located on-line. The wet retention basin usually has some form of energy dissipation
at the inlet or a sufficient length-to-width ratio (greater than 2:1) to prevent short-circuiting of flow across the pond,
although its shape may vary considerably. Ponds may vary in size, with the settling velocity of particles being the
basis for design. Refer to chapter 11 of ARQ for details of appropriate design procedures to be adopted. Basins
may be installed as smaller multiple units (in series) or as large single units. Fig D7-2 shows a typical preferred
configuration of a wet retention basin.
Figure D7-2 - Configuration and Design of Wet Retention Basins
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3. Other design guides that will make the basin efficient in removing particles and provide for public safety Basin Safety
include the following.
a. The minimum depth should be not less than 1.5 metres with an average depth of 2.5 metres. This
discourages infiltration growth in the deeper portions of the pond and also the breeding of
mosquitos.
b. The basins should have side slopes of 6(H) to 1(V).
c. If side slopes are to be steeper than 6(H) to 1(V) the basin/pond shall be enclosed by child proof
security fence.
d. The maximum velocity through the pond based on a 1 in 1 year storm should not exceed 0.3
metres per second (at 2.5 metres depth, this is the maximum practical flow velocity at which
optimum sediment removal can be achieved).
e. A minimum freeboard of 0.3 metres should be provided between a restricted discharge outlet for
the pond and a storm overflow weir This discharge outlet should be designed so that the weir
overtops on average three times per year. A freeboard of 0.5m shall be provided between the 1 in
100 year flood level and floor levels of dwellings.
f. Inlet and outlet structures should be located at extreme ends of the basin, with short-circuiting of
flow further minimised by the use of baffles.
g. Depth indicators shall be provided indicating maximum depth in the basin spillway.
h. Appropriate hazard signage shall be provided for the basin and spillway.
i. Protection of the low flow intake shall be provided to prevent blockage and to prevent the risk of
people being trapped.
j. Basins shall be designed so that no ponding of water occurs on to private property or roads.
4. Basins should be constructed prior to the commencement of any site clearing or construction works, and Construction and
should be de-silted before the design sediment depth occurs. Maintenance
5. It is preferred that urban retention basins incorporate an outlet device that enables dewatering of the Outlet Design
basin. This simplifies de-silting, enabling earthmoving equipment to be used for de-silting operations.
6. The high level outlet shall have capacity to contain a minimum of the 100 year ARI storm event. Additional
spillway capacity may be required due to the hazard category of the structure determined by reference to
ANCOLD (1986).
7. No basin spillway is to be located directly upstream of urban areas.
8. The minimum basin slope shall be 0.5%
9. An all weather access track shall be provided to the basin for maintenance works. Access Track
10. Basins shall be surrounded by buffer zones, typically comprising grassed foreshores of not less than 20 Buffer Zones
metres between the nearest development and the basin. This allows for some infiltration of drainage from
developments, permits the drainage authority scope to develop aesthetic surrounds and reduces the
likelihood of over the fence dumping of rubbish.
11. Wet retention basins are regarded as impoundments and normal dam safety requirements should be met. Basin Classification
A dam may be prescribed under the Dams Safety Act, 1978, depending on the recommendations of the
NSW Dams Safety Committee. A dam is normally prescribed if it is:
a. 10 metres or more in height and has a storage capacity of more than 20 megalitres; or
b. 5 metres or more in height and has a storage capacity of 50 megalitres or more.
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12. If the wet retention basin is a prescribed dam, the Dams Safety Committee will maintain an interest in the Dam Safety
dam will seek information from its owner and will require that reports be prepared on the dam and submitted to Committee
the Committee.
D7.16 TRASH RACKS
1. Trash racks are usually permanent structures, which intercept trash and other debris to protect the Environmental
aesthetic and environmental quality of water. Quality
2. Design criteria shall ensure:- Design Criteria
a. vertical bar screens with bar spacing of 40 mm clear;

b. the trash rack is designed to operate during the 1 in 3 month design storm event with 50%
blockage without overtopping.
c. they are as large as practicable while considering all other design criteria a maximum height of
1.2 metres is suggested;
d. the effect on upstream water levels shall be determined based on 100% blockage during the 100 yr
ARI storm event. Water levels are to comply with freeboard requirements specified in Aus-Spec D5
Stormwater Drainage
e. water can still flow past when the rack is fully blocked.
f. the structure drains by gravity to a dry condition; and
g. adequate access for maintenance which permits the use of mechanical equipment. For ramp
access the maximum slope shall be 1 in 4 with provision of a concrete plinth minimum width 1.2m
upstream of the trash rack to facilitate cleaning .
h. appropriate egress provision shall be included if steep side slopes exist adjacent to the trash rack.
4. Trash racks may be incorporated in the design of gross pollutant traps. Gross Pollutant Trap
5. A maintenance schedule for any trash racks shall be included in the SQIDs Maintenance and Operations Maintenance
Procedures
D7.17 GROSS POLLUTANT TRAPS
1. Gross pollutant traps (GPTs) are permanent structures used to trap coarse sediments, trash, litter, and Description
other floating materials. Usually, they are located upstream of constructed wetlands and receiving waters.
2. These traps have restricted application and each should be justified on individual merits. Selection of Applications
the size and type of GPT shall be based on information and guidelines contained in Chapter 7 of ARQ and with
reference to Appendix A of this specification. Confirmation from Council shall be required when a GPT type is
selected to ensure consistency and conformance with catchment management plans.
3. GPTs can be defined as major or minor: Definition
Major gross pollutant traps can be located on major floodways and waterways to intercept medium to
high flows; and
Minor, enclosed gross pollutant traps can be located at heads of major floodways and/or where
stormwater discharges into floodways or water bodies.
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4. Traps shall be designed to intercept at least 75 per cent of sediment with a grain size of 0.04mm or Sediment
greater under average annual runoff conditions. Further, ensure peak flow velocities are less than 0.3 metres per Interception
second in the design storm event, and taking into account any likely backwater effect from blockages.
5. The structure shall have sufficient capacity and stability to discharge the inlet flow with the trash rack fully Capacity
blocked without flooding adjacent properties.
6. Ensure GPTs are capable of gravity drainage to a dry condition for periodic cleaning and maintenance. Maintenance
Requirement
D7.18 LITTER BASKETS
1. Litter baskets are proprietary devices primarily designed to capture litter and gross pollutants. Description
2. These traps have restricted application and should be justified on individual merits. Selection of the Application
type of location of Litter Baskets shall be based on information and guidelines contained in Chapter 7 of ARQ and
with reference to Appendix A of this specification. An intention to utilise Litter Baskets shall be approved of by
Council at the concept stage of a development.
3. Litter Baskets are typically located within stormwater side entry drainage pits and are designed to Definition
collect and retain a range of pollutants including 95% of all solids greater than 2 mm.
4. Design loads and capture capacity shall be verified for each pit proposed from information found in Design
Appendix A of this specification and by information supplied by the individual product manufacturer. Provision for
access and OHS issues shall comply with current Australian standards.
5. All costs relating to design installation and maintenance shall be provided in accordance with section Maintenance
D7.14 of this specification
D7.19 CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS AND PONDS
1. Constructed wetlands and ponds shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of: Design
a) The primary reference documents shall be ARQ, Chapter 11, Austroads AP 232, Water Sensitive References
Road Design Design options for improving stormwater quality of road runoff Technical report 00/1
2000 CRC
b) Pollutant loads to target levels contained within this specification;
c) Council specifications and standard drawings (where available); and
d) Any other relevant Australian Standards as specified by Hastings Council.
2. The major elements include pre- treatment, inlet zone, ephemeral zone and macrophyte zone or
wetland zone as illustrated in Fig. D7-3
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Fig. D7-3 Typical Wetland Treatment Train
3. A Pre Treatment zone is required to remove litter and organic matter from inflows to allow easy Pre Treatment
collection by maintenance crews. A litter trap shall be capable of retaining litter of a size greater than 5 mm for all
flows up to a flow rate of 1 in 3 month ARI(the design rainfall event). A sediment trap may also be located within Zone
this zone.
4. An Inlet Zone has the primary functions of energy dissipation and sedimentation. Details of methods of Inlet Zone
sizing of sediment basins may be found in the specified reference documents. The inlet zone shall have the
capacity to remove 95% of all suspended sediment down to 125um during the design rainfall event. If a natural
stream is used to convey the waters to a downstream wetland a 1in 2 Year ARI event shall be the design rainfall
event. When the Inlet Zone is to be a pond structure the following shall apply:
a. The length to width ratio shall be between 5:1 and 10:1 with sufficient energy dissipation to reduce
velocities to below 1.0m/s. The maximum width shall be 14m to allow access for maintenance plant.
b. Maximum depth between 1.5 2.0 m
c. The preferred top water level shall be 0.5m above the downstream wetland zone.
d. Bypass facilities shall be included in the design to allow the water level to be lowered by at least 0.5m
for maintenance of the pond.
e. Access ramps and tracks must be capable of supporting maintenance plant.
f. Batter slopes shall be a maximum of 1 in 6
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5. The Ephemeral zone or marsh shall be used to trap leaf and other organic material prior to entering the Ephemeral Zone
wetland zone reducing the likelihood of anaerobic decomposition within the wetland zone. The design
requirements are:
a. The total area shall be 250m / m/sec of the design flow
b. A shallow rock lined channel shall meander to maximise length of travel and allow event flows to
inundate adjacent areas planted with ephemeral marsh plants.
c. Raised mounds consisting of topsoil positioned at 45 to the flow of water shall be included in the
design. It is preferable to form the mounds by removing material from the location of the mounds rather
than stripping the entire area and building the mounds.
d. Marsh plantings shall be arranged in offline cells to form a herringbone pattern.
e. A porous rock wall or similar shall be provided across the downstream end of the ephemeral zone to
allow flow attenuation during the design flow event.
6. The wetland Zone shall be designed to remove sediment less than 125 um and dissolved pollutants. Wetland Zone
Design criteria shall be as outlined in the reference documents, and shall include the following specific
requirements.
a. Treatment shall be obtained by retaining runoff in a macrophyte-dominated wetland.
b. A residence time in the wetland shall be at least 72 hours for the design stored event volume.
c. The maximum stored water level shall be 450mm above the normal top water level unless Hastings
Council gives specific approval.
d. Provision shall be made to minimise the velocity through wetland to less than 0.2m/s during the initial
stages of a storm event.
e. An accessible outlet control shall be designed to be blockage free and able to change flow rates to allow
initial plant establishment and for maintenance purposes.
f. A minimum of 80% vegetated marsh is to be arranged in bands across the flow path. The remaining
area shall be allowed for submerged marsh or open water areas.
7. Emphasis in planting design should be given to species growing naturally in local wetland remnants. A Vegetation
vegetation and weed maintenance program of at least 24 months after the initial planting of the wetland shall be
incorporated in the maintenance and operation procedures. Refer to Appendix A Table D7A 2 Wetland
Vegetation Selection.
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8. Safety considerations shall be included in the design of all structures. The following requirements shall Safety
be used as a minimum in the design.
a. Operational depths of sediment ponds to be from 1.5 to 2.0m. Shallow marsh areas, depths to 200mm,
deep marsh areas 200mm to 350mm with a periodic maximum up to 600mm.
b. Minimum offset to any allotment boundary to be 15m and up to 30m where access is available.
c. Batter slopes shall not exceed 1 in 6
d. No formal access points to water shall be included in the design unless there is appropriate safety
benching.
e. All edges to waterbodies and wetlands shall have safety benches of at least 1.5m to 3.0m wide from the
normal top water level except where transitions to culverts or waterways occur. Safety benches shall
have maximum slopes of 1 in 8 for the first 1.5m to 3.0m, a transition to 1 in 5 over 0.5m (min.) prior to
steeper grades up to 1 in 3. The safety bench shall be densely planted with emergent macrophytes to
preclude access.
9. Interim fencing is recommended between the construction and vegetation establishment where water Fencing
depths exceed 350mm.
Permanent fencing combined with dense impenetrable plantings shall be used adjacent to water depths
exceeding 350mm (normal top water level) areas where safety benches do not conform to the width criteria,
adjacent to unsafe structures, areas of high velocities or where batters are steeper than 1 in 6
Maintenance access areas shall be signed, fenced and gated where the safety measures above are not met.
10. Natural wetlands shall not be used for improvement of urban run-off quality. Figure D7-4 shows a Natural Wetlands
typical constructed wetland arrangement.
Figure D7-4 - Sediment Trap/Constructed Wetland
11. Where wetlands are natural, the provisions of State Environmental Planning Policy No 14 Coastal SEPP No 14
Wetlands, should be consulted. This policy protects wetlands from clearing, construction of levees, draining and
filing, but does not prevent wetlands being used for run-off control, provided safeguards and operation control
ensures their continued viability.
12. Wetlands are primarily to be designed to capture the ARI 3 month storm (deemed to be 40% of the ARI
one year event), however overflow structures and flow paths are to be provided to pass ARI 100 year storms Efficiency
ensuring no damage to the wetland or associated drainage or other ancillary works and no re-mobilisation of
captured sediments.
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13. Where possible, small islands or shoals should be constructed in the upstream areas of the wetland to Short Circuiting
reduce water velocities, prevent short-circuiting and promote aquatic plant growth.
14. These areas are best planted with vegetation native to the area, but they can be used as grassed areas Native Vegetation
and as an aesthetic feature.
15. A variety of plant species should be planted in artificial wetlands to achieve efficient colonisation and Revegetation
maximise pollutant removal. Establishment of plants should be through transplantation of seedlings during spring
and early summer. Refer to Appendix A for a list of recommended plant species
16. Wetlands will serve other purposes than just improving a quality of urban run-off. They will serve to Aesthetic Feature
attract a large range of biota and bird habitat. In areas where they have been installed, they have become an
aesthetic feature. Indeed, this may present problems as surrounding communities may resist efforts by the
controlling authority to de-silt the wetland.
D7.20 INFILTRATION SYSTEMS
1. Infiltration systems are best utilised as part of a treatment train consisting of elements such as grassed
surfaces, vegetated strips, swales, sand filters, gravel based reed beds, treatment train tanks and geotextile
filters. Infiltration systems are to follow the guidelines in Chapter 10 of Ref: ARQ or similar equivalent.
. Infiltration systems are to be designed to achieve the following:
a. Reduce the peak flow and volume of storm runoff
b. Minimise pollution conveyance from urban catchments to downstream waterways and

receiving waters.
c. To harvest and use storm runoff as a second quality water resource.
2. The design capacity of infiltration systems can range from designs catering for the minor system flows to
the major system flows.
3. Infiltration components can be constructed from the following:
a. Single sized gravel.
b. Slotted pipes circular or semi-circular.
c. Proprietary recycled drainage cell.
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4. Types of suitable infiltration systems include:
a. Leaky wells: typically concrete or PVC or similar pipe with perforated walls covered with
non-woven geotextile fabric. The well is to be surrounded with gravel, enclosed in non-woven
geotextile.
b. Trenches may be gravel or gravel with a slotted pipe, drainage cell or a combination of all. All
trenches embedded in host soil must be encased in non-woven geotextile fabric. Maximum
floor level below ground is to be 1.5m, top of gravel should covered with 0.3m of backfill.
c. Soakaways similar to trenches having a large plan area with depths ranging from 0.3m to
0.5m constructed of similar materials as trenches.
d. Infiltration dry ponds are structures similar in design to small-scale retention wetlands. They
are suited to sandy or sandy clay sites only with the screening of gross pollutants required
upstream of the structure. Safe water depths during runoff events are critical in the design of
this type of structure.
5. Appropriate types of runoff suitable to be directed to infiltration structures include:

a. Storm runoff from roofs, cleared of leaves or other litter may be passed into a rainwater
tank(s) and the overflow piped directly into an in ground device.
b. Storm runoff from paved or hardstand areas (courtyards, walkways, carparks etc.) are not to
pass directly to devices 5.a,b,c as described above. Such runoff must first pass across buffer
zones or treatment devices such as 5.d above.
c. Storm runoff from suburban scale areas are to be passed through a series of treatment
devices (eg; litter screens, soakaways or similar) before entering into aquifers, urban
waterways or receiving waters.
d. During construction of infiltration systems appropriate measures are to be undertaken to
ensure sediment is regularly removed prior to the infiltration system becoming operational.
6. The existing soil classification, permeability and water reactivity is to be determined by a geotechnical
engineer or other suitably qualified person to determine how soil conditions at the project site will affect detailed
design.
Table D7.8 SOIL PERMEABILITY CLEARANCES & SYSTEM SELECTION TABLE

Soil Type Hydraulic Conductivity Clearance to structures Recommended
or boundaries infiltration system
m/s mm/hr m
Deep confined or 5 x 10-5 180 12 Leaky wells, trenches,
unconfined Sands soakaways
Sandy clays 1x10-5 to 5x10-5 36 180 2 Trenches, soakaways
Medium clays 1x10-6 to 1x10-5 3.6 36 4 Leaky wells
Heavy clays 1x10-8 to 1x 10-6 0.036 3.6 5 Dry pond,soakaways
Constructed clays 1x10-10 to 1x10-8 0.0004 0.036 5 Soakaways
Shallow soil over rock 1x10-6 to 1x10-5 3.6 36 2 Leaky wells
(sandstone)
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Fig. D7- 5 Shallow retention/overflow trench Fig. D7-6 Perforated retention/overflow (Argue, 1994)
Fig. D7-7 Example of infiltration with pre-treatment provided by a grass buffer strip (Schueler, 1995)
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7. An alternative to clearance distances shown in Table D7.8 is to ensure that infiltration devices located in
soils with high heave potential are designed to empty rapidly. This type of design would allow a reduction in the
clearance distance of 50% to that recommended.
a) Conditions on selection of infiltration devices include the following:
b) Leaky wells and gravel filled trenches are not to be used in areas of wind blown sands or Aeolian sands.
c) Infiltration devices in areas of rock or shale of zero or near zero permeability are deemed to be
unsuitable.
d) Areas consisting of shallow soils over rock or lower permeable sands (eg; coffee rock) detailed
investigations are to be carried out to determine the existence of stored water near the lower level
layers (ie. Perched water table ) and the location of the emergence point of stored water. The impact on
downstream areas is to be assessed in the selection of infiltration devices in these areas.
e) A maximum slope of 5% and soil depth of at least 3m throughout a down slope area is required before
infiltration devices are to be considered in areas of steep terrain.
f) Infiltration devices are not to be used in areas of high or rising water table.
g) Infiltration devices are not to be used in areas adjacent to underground Carpark areas or lower
basement areas unless seepage from such devices is adequately catered for by sump pumps or similar
design to transfer flows to an appropriate drainage system or lower aquifer.
h) The location of infiltration devices is to be assessed to determine the impact of upstream infiltration
devices on valley floor watertables.
D7.21 VEGETATED SWALES
1. Swales are open vegetated channels that can be used as an alternative stormwater conveyance
system to conventional kerb and gutter only with the approval of Council.
2. Vegetation of the swale can range from grass to native shrubs, depending on hydraulic requirements.
3. Criteria for the design of vegetated swales is to include but not confined to the following:
a. The swale dimensions or catchment ratio should be designed so as to ensure 1 year ARI
peak velocities do not exceed 0.5 m/s and 100 year ARI velocities do not exceed 1 m/s. In
some situations, a high-flow bypass channel or underground pipe may be required.
b. Longitudinal gradients shall be in the range from 1% min. to 4% max.
c. The swale shall be integrated into the landscape character to enhance its aesthetic value.
d. The application of swales shall match the target pollutant characteristics. Where very fine
particulates, or soluble material are of concern, other treatment measures such as infiltration
systems or small wetlands shall be considered.
e. Established vegetation shall not be more than 75% inundated during the major design flow.
f. Swale profiles of triangular cross section are not acceptable, wide uniform flow shall be a
design objective. Maximum width shall be 2.5m unless structural measures are used to
ensure uniform spread of flow.
g. Mannings n value shall be between 0.15 and 0.3 for low flow conditions where the depth of
flow is below the height of the vegetation. For the major storm event the Mannings n value
shall be a lower value (eg: 0.03) where flow is above the vegetation level.
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D7.22 BIORETENTION SYSTEMS
1. Bioretention systems are designed to provide treatment of stormwater through fine filtration, extended
detention and some biological uptake.
2. Treatment Processes
Runoff is filtered through a fine media layer as it percolates downward into a perforated pipe or similar and
discharged either directly or via conventional stormwater conduit system.
An even flow distribution is required to allow water to infiltrate the filter media evenly and thus suited to flat terrain
of less 2%.
3. Filtration Soil Media
Selection of filter media is a function of the infiltration rate required, refer to Table D7.9, and the type of vegetation
utilised.
Table D7.9 Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

Soil type Particle Size Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
(mm) (mm/hr) (m/s)
Gravel 2 36000 1 x 10-2
Coarse Sand 1 3600 1 x 10-3
Sand 0.7 360 1 x 10-4
Sandy Loam 0.45 180 5 x 10-5
Sandy Clay 0.01 36 1 x 10-5
4. Vegetation Requirements
Vegetation shall be selected to complement the landscape of an area and to discourage movement and traffic
over the bioretention area.
Plants selected shall be suitable to tolerate periods of inundation.
Plants having extensive fibrous root systems or a spreading, rhizomatous or suckering habit are required for
efficient performance.
Plants with a clumped above ground habit shall not be used due to problems incurred by channelling, erosion and
preferential flow paths.
Fig D7-10 Schematic Representation of a Bioretention system (CRC Catchment Hydrology 2002)
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EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL
ESCP
D7.23 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
1. An Erosion and Sediment Control Plan shall be required for all developments. For the plan requirements of
High Risk Developments (Developments greater than 6 Lots and / or greater than 2500m) and Low Risk
Developments (Single dwellings and Duplexes less than 6 Lots or less than 2500m in area) refer to Appendix A
Table D7A - 5
D7.24 SOIL DISTURBANCE
1. The erosion hazard of a development site can be minimised by scheduling activities to time periods when Timing of
rainfall is lowest. The ESCP shall use soil loss class data to ensure that works are seasonally programmed to keep Development
soil loss rate below the rate of 37.5 tonnes/hectare/year in any 2-week period. If scheduling of activities cannot be
programmed to coincide with low rainfall periods, the design of erosion control measures shall be carried out using
the maximum annual rainfall average for the region for design purposes. The Revised Universal Soil Loss
Equation (RUSLE) Appendix A REF1 combined with Tables D7.10, D7.11, D7.12 and Figures D7A-11 to D7A 14
shall be used as a guide for planning the proposed works.
Table D7.10Soil Loss Table D7.11 Soil Class and Development Period
Soil Loss Erosion Calculated soil loss Period Soil Classes
Class Hazard (tonnes/ha/year as That May be
calculated by RUSLE) Developed
1 Very Low 0 to 250 January and February 14
2 Low 251 to 300 February to end of April 13
3 Low Mod 301 to 375 May and June 14
4 Moderate 376 to 500 July to end of September 16
5 High 501 to 750 October to end of December 15
6 Very High 751 to 1500 Note: Soil Loss Class 7 not recommended for disturbance.
7 Extreme 1501 to 3750
2. The maximum length of exposed (disturbed) slope shall be: Max. slope length = 90-48[log(%slope)] metres
Length of disturbed
slope
Table D7.12 Ratio of Slope Gradient to Disturbed Length

% Slope Max Slope % Slope Max Slope % Slope Max Slope
Length (m) Length (m) Length (m)
1 (1 in 100) 90 10 (1 in 10) 42 19 29
2 (1 in 50) 75 11 40 20 (1 in 5) 28
3 67 12 38 25 (1 in 4) 23
4 (1 in 25 ) 61 13 37 30 19
5 (1 in 20) 56 14 35 35 16
6 52 15 34 40 (1 in 2.5) 13
7 49 16 32 45 11
8 47 17 31 50 (1 in 2) 8
9 44 18 30 60 5
D7.25 NO ACCESS AREAS
1. Retained vegetation and buffers must be protected by a suitable fence barrier. Fenced areas shall be Fencing
clearly signposted No Access Area. A fence shall be used to exclude traffic from buffer zones to prevent
damage to the vegetation, particularly during any construction phase.
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2. The no access fence locations shall be shown on the detailed design. These locations will be No Access
approximate only as machinery type, topography etc will determine actual on site location.
D7.26 DIVERSION WORKS
1. Diversion works may be in the form of earth drains and banks, straw bales, sand bags or pipelines and Diversion Types
may be permanent or temporary. All control measures must be installed prior to clearing of the site.
2. Upstream run-on water shall be diverted around the site. Such flows shall discharge to a legal drainage Discharge Point
point or open areas where level spreader banks shall ensure a broad water spread to minimise flow velocity.
3. Pipelines may also be used to convey such run-on through the development site, and discharge the flow Pipelines
to a formal drainage point/dissipater if necessary. Such pipelines may also form part of the overall final drainage
system.
4. Design of the diversion system should suit the following:-

a. The drain should preferably be dish shaped with batter grades of less than 4:1 and in
accordance with [Ref 1] Drain Shape
b. If a piped system is selected its design capacity shall be a minimum of the capacity nominated
in the design Specification D5 STORMWATER DRAINAGE. Pipe Capacity
5. Diversion works are to be designed to carry peak flows at non-erosive velocities in bare soil, vegetated or Peak Flows
lined drains/banks.
6. Channels shall be lined with turf. Where velocities are designed in excess of 2m per second, non-erosive Non-Erosive Linings
linings such as concrete, geotextiles, grouted rock etc or velocity reducers (check dams etc) are required.
Evidence of the suitability of the proposed material to be used will be required prior to approval of the ESCP
7. Diversion Structures are to generally comply with Section 5.2.4 of [Ref 1]. A typical arrangement of
diversion drains and banks is shown in Figure D7-11.
8. Diversion of stormwater onto downstream properties will require legal agreement and approval by Council
prior to issue of a construction certificate.
BATTER GRADE
BATTER GRADE LESS THAN 2:1
LESS THAN 2:1
DIVERSION DRAIN DIVERSION BANK

Figure D7-11
- Diversion Drains/Banks
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D7.27 DROP DOWN DRAINS
1. These are temporary or permanent drains, which divert concentrated run-off down slopes such as road Lined Drains
batters without causing erosion. They usually consist of a dished earth drain smoothly shaped, consolidated and
lined with a variety of materials or they may be a flexible/rigid pipe or half pipe.
2. Drop down drains shall have sufficient capacity for a minimum 1 in 5 year peak flow without eroding. Capacity
Energy dissipaters may be required to reduce the flow velocity at the outlet of the drop down drain.
D7.28 STOCKPILES
1. Location of stockpiles shall be indicated on the approved engineering plans. Approved Plan
2. Stockpile sites shall be located: Location
a. Clear of existing or proposed drainage lines.

b. Clear of areas likely to be disturbed during construction.
c. Clear of the drip zone of trees.
d. Preferably on reasonably flat areas.
e. Clear of public footpaths, nature strips, roads, road shoulders or any public land.
f. At least 5 metres from any hazard, including surfaces with grades greater than 15%, zones of
concentrated flow, gutters, drains, driveways, swales or standing vegetation.
3. Stockpiles must be protected from erosion and sediment loss by: Erosion Protection
a. The installation of diversion works.

b. The use of silt fences, straw bales etc or other approved controls on the downstream side.
c. Compaction.
4. Site topsoil shall be isolated from subsoil material in separate stockpiles. Separate Stockpiles
5. Stockpiles if intended to be left exposed for longer than 14 days shall be revegetated immediately (see
specification C273 Landscaping).
D7.29 SEDIMENT BASINS/TRAPS/DAMS
1. Sediment traps are either permanent or temporary sediment control devices that intercept sediment and Sediment Control
run-off usually at the final discharge point of the site or at a location to protect a downstream watercourse,
wetland, riparian vegetated area or receiving water. Preferably they are to be located off line.
2. They are formed by excavation and/or by constructing embankments. Construction
3. There are two types, wet and dry basins. Types
4. Preferably sediment traps shall not be located directly upstream of residential areas. Location
5. Basin design must be in accordance with Managing Urban Stormwater Soils and Construction Design Criteria
(1998) Section 6.3.3.
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6. Where sediment retention basins are required, they shall be designed to treat the runoff from the design
rainfall event emanating from the site during land development works and they must remain in place and
be fully operational until removal is authorised or required by Council.
7. Where required as part of a permanent, public stormwater management system, basins located on public
land (or land to be dedicated to the public), may be accepted for Council ownership.
8. Where required as part of a permanent, site stormwater management system, basins located on the site
must be retained, operated and maintained in perpetuity by the landowner.
9. Where eroding soils contain more than 10% of dispersible fines:

a. all waters captured in sediment basins must be treated with an approved flocculating agent to
ensure that discharges contain no more than 50 milligrams per litre of total suspended solids.
b. sediment retention basins must be maintained at a low water level in readiness for treatment
and discharge of further runoff. All sediment captured in basins must be treated and discharged within 5
days of the cessation of a rainfall event.
c. a minimum stockpile of flocculating agents must be retained onsite to provide for at least three
complete treatments. All materials must be stored in a secure undercover location.
10. A marker must be placed within each sediment retention basin to show the level above which design Permanent Wet
capacity occurs. Basins
11. Materials removed from sediment retention basins must be disposed of in a manner approved by Council
and in accordance with current EPA guidelines.
12. Plans shall indicate whether basins are to be temporary or permanent.
D7.30 SEDIMENT TRAPS / BARRIERS FOR MINOR CATCHMENTS
1. Silt retention/filtering structures of a temporary nature shall be used in situations where the catchment Filtering Structures
does not exceed 0.25 ha.
2. Sediment traps/barriers may consist of: Barrier Types
a. silt fences
b. straw bales
c. blue metal groynes/sausages
d. filter fabric located beneath stormwater grates
e. gabions
f. or a combination of the above.
3. The choice of material and type of treatment will depend on the size of the catchment the location and Location of
the structure being treated shall be required at: Structure
a. surface inlet pits

b. kerb inlet pits
c. catch drain disposal areas
d. culvert inlets and outlets
e. minor construction/earthwork sites
f. check dams/velocity reducers etc.
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4. The design of sediment traps/barriers shall generally in accordance with [REF 1] chapter 6.3.4 except
as varied by the following criteria.
a) Maximum flow in to the silt fence from a design ARI 3 month storm is not to exceed 1.6l/sec/metre or
the maximum catchment per metre of fence etc. is not to exceed 45m and
b) The fence or structure must be structurally viable and able to support the hydraulic pressures generated
during the design recurrence storm
c) Maximum post spacing 2m or 3m with wire mesh backing.
d) In fences or structures longer than 30m, spill through weirs shall be installed at 20 30m intervals.
e) Spill through weirs shall consist of a rock filled wall contained between an enclosed steel mesh fence
retaining wall of typical dimensions of 1.2m length, 0.6m height with enclosed rock of 25 50 mm
aggregate.
5. Sediment shall be removed and disposed/reused in accordance with Council and EPA guidelines after
each rainfall event. Weirs shall be regularly maintained and cleaned to ensure effective operational condition.
Straw bales and slit fence geotextiles shall be replaced when damaged or permanently blocked and fully replaced
at not more than six monthly intervals.
D7.31 LEVEL SPREADERS
1. Level spreaders are outlets or sills having a level cross section. They convert erosive channelised flows Convert Flows
into non-erosive sheet flow.
2. Level spreaders can only be used to dissipate flows from small catchments. The area below the outlet Location
should be stable and of even cross section so that the water will not re-concentrate into channels.
3. To reduce flow velocity before the spreader, the channel grade shall not exceed 1 per cent for a minimum Design Criteria
of 8 metres. The outlet or sill width depends on contributing catchment, slope and ground conditions. The
minimum width should be four metres, and the maximum width 25 metres. Final discharge should be over a level
surface, which may require stabilising by turfing or seeding and fertilising or perhaps lining with a geotextile fabric
or something similar.
D7.32 THE LOCATION OF SHAKEDOWN AREAS AND ACCESS STABILISATION
1. Access to construction sites shall be limited to a maximum of two locations. Number of Accesses
2. Access locations and shakedown areas shall require Council approval. Location Approval
3. Shakedown areas or access stabilisation shall comprise a bed of aggregate on filter cloth or a metal bar Types
cattle grid located at any point where traffic enters or leaves a construction site. Stabilised accesses reduce or
eliminate tracking of sediments onto public rights of way or streets. Should such tracking occur the contaminants
must be swept off the roadway each day or before rain. Clean off draw bars etc after dumping and before starting
journey.
4. If a shaker grid is used, this should be so placed as to ensure the vehicles when crossing the grid have Cattle Grid
sufficient speed to shake the mud or other contaminants such as gravel from the vehicle. It must not be placed
where the vehicle is slowing to enter a roadway. Cattle grids shall be a minimum length of 7 metres.
5. A stabilised access comprises a vehicular pathway suitably constructed to facilitate the collection of any Stabilised Access
site debris in order to prevent such material leaving the site. Stabilised accesses are generally used on small
sites. The entrance shall be at least 15 metres long with a minimum width of 3 metres for a one-way entrance
and 6 metres for a two-way entrance.
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6. Surface water flowing to the street entrance/exit must be piped under the access, or a berm constructed Flow Control
to direct surface flow away from the exit.
D7.33 WIND EROSION/DUST CONTROL
1. Research has demonstrated average dust emission rates of over 2 tonnes per hectare per month at Erosion Rate
urban construction sites. This erosion rate is unacceptable.
2. Various measures are available to minimise such emissions, including:- Treatments
a. limiting the area of lands exposed, maximum 2 ha, to erosive forces through phasing
works/progressive revegetation and/or provision of a protective ground cover and/or keeping
the ground surface damp (not wet) and/or by using onsite water from detention basins where
available.
b. on building sites, installing a barrier fence on the windward side effective to a distance of 15
times its height, assuming an acceptable soil flux of 5 grams per metre per second. See
Figure D7-12.
c. control techniques may include the use of water sprays, application of dust suppressants,
surface stabilisation or covering of exposed surfaces.
3. Dust control techniques must be employed on site at all times including outside normal working hours.
4. All permanent roads and trafficable areas must be sealed or hard surfaced to minimise dust generation.
5. Unless an exemption from Council is obtained, all sites where over 1500 m are to be disturbed must be
provided with a barrier fence wind break [Ref 1] 6.3.6(b)(iii).
Fig. D7 12 Effect of distance from windbreak on soil loss,

wind blowing at less than 90 to the windbreak
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D7.34 REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING SITES
1. In addition to D7.23.1 and Council Code No.18 (Erosion and Sediment Control ), DCP 41 (Building
Construction and Site Management.), Council Policy No. E1/1 (Erosion and Sediment Control Policy) the following
shall apply.
2. The clearing of vegetation and preparation of building pads is to be undertaken in the last stages of Site Clearing
the development when the majority of the site has been effectively revegetated.
3. When the development calls for the construction of a number of buildings, the sediment trap/s and Development
other appropriate sediment controls shall remain operational. Control
4. Cross/catch drains shall be installed on long or steep unpaved driveways, disposing run-off to stable Driveway Control
areas.
5. Where a majority of the lot is disturbed the following controls or measures shall be undertaken: Lot Control
a. Silt fences, located around the downstream sides of the lot.

b. Sediment traps/barriers to be provided to all on-site and adjacent stormwater inlets.
c. Only one site access to be provided. This may require treatment to prevent soil being tracked
from the site.
d. All subsurface drainage for roofing must be in place prior to the installation of the roof and
gutter so downpipes can be immediately connected.
6. When roof structures and piped or artificial stormwater systems are in place, discharge water is to be
managed in a manner that reduces erosion. Roof water drainage systems must be functional and discharge to the
stormwater system before roof runoff begins. The stormwater system must prevent sediment from being eroded
from the site and deposited downstream.
D7.35 EXTERNAL SITE REQUIREMENTS
1. Sediment control devices or stabilising works shall be provided outside construction sites where Necessary Controls
necessary or as directed by the Superintendent.
2. Where increased stormwater run-off is likely to or is found to accelerate erosion of any downstream Accelerate Erosion
watercourse, the necessary remedial work shall be provided concurrently with other sediment and erosion
requirements.
3. Where sediment is likely to be transported from the site, all immediate downstream drainage inlets shall Downstream
have appropriate controls installed. Controls
4. If such works require entry onto private property, written permission shall be obtained prior to the entry Written Permission
and commencement of such works.
5. All disturbed areas on private property to be reinstated to original condition and to the satisfaction of the Reinstated
owner.
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D7.36 DEFINITIONS
Term Description
Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) Is the average time between storm events of a given value. Eg: a 1 in 2 year ARI storm event.[5]
Aquifer An underground water-bearing geological formation.[5]
Base Flows Underlying flow rate that cannot be directly attributed to storm events and is present during some or all dry periods.[5]
Best Management Practice (BMP) Structural and non structural measures used to reduce the impact of development on the urban
water cycle. [6]
Bioretention System A grassed or landscaped swale or basin promoting infiltration into the underlying
medium.[6]
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand [7]
Buffer zone The zone contiguous with a sensitive area that is required for the well being of the sensitive area.[7]
Catchment Area The contributing area of land which drains to a single point of interest.[7]
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand [7]
Constructed Wetland A man made artificial water body containing aquatic plants and designed to mimic the ecological and physical
tratment processes of natural wetlands.
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Detention Basin Detention basins are structures designed to retard the flow of minor and major storm events and to provide
controlled outlet of stormwater flows. They are provided with low level and high level outlets and are designed for a series of peak flow
events through the use of hydrographs. The low level outlet is designed to release flow at a predetermined rate for minor storm events
and the high level outlet is designed as an overflow for major storms.[8]
DO Dissolved Oxygen [7]
Easement A right of one owner of land over the lands of another.[7]
Ecological Sustainable Development (ESD) "Development that improves the total quality of life, both now and in the future, in a way
that maintains the ecological processes on which life depends."
Environmental Values The actual or potential function carried out by the water body (eg: suitable for recreational use).
Ephemeral Creek A periodically wet and dry watercourse.
Event Mean Concentration EMC The total mass of a pollutant constituent divided by the volume of surface runoff.[7]
Filtration A series of processes that physically removes particles from water.[7]
First Flush The Delivery of a disproportional large load of pollutants during the early part of storms due to the rapid suspension of
accumulated settled particles.[7]
Freeboard The distance required between a calculated or known water level to a specified location on a structure.
Floodway "A carriageway across a shallow depression subject to flooding, specially constructed to resist the effects of
submergence. [1]"
Gross Pollutant Trap(GPT) A structure designed to trap gross pollutants ( trash litter & vegetation > 5mm) for certain design storm
events.
Groundwater water saturating the voids in rocks; water in the zone of saturation in the earths crust eg: in aquifers.[5]
High Risk Development Any development in a waterway corridor; and/or Multiple dwellings or commercial developments with an
impermeable surface area in excess of 2500 m; and/or Subdivision where at least 6 lots are involved: and/or Industrial activities that are
not impact assessable and at least 1000m in uncovered storage/working space; and/or uncovered car parks with at least 100 spaces.
Infiltration System "A system which uses permeable material to infiltrate water into the soil. Infiltration trench, Infiltration wells,
Infiltration basins & onsite.
Intensity Frequency Duration (IFD) A three-way relationship that defines that statistical distribution of rainfalls expected to occur at a
particular location.
Interallotment Drainage A drainage system design to carry stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces that do not drain to a
street frontage, usually located along the rear boundary of a property. Primarily used where the natural slope drains to the rear of
property.
Life Cycle Cost "The total cost incurred to construct, operate, maintain and replace an asset over a given time frame.[6]"
Low Risk Development "Development subject to Council approval but specified as ""low risk development". Water quality impacts
shall be minimised by identifying and adopting best practice techniques."
Macrophyte zone That portion of a constructed wetland that contains macrophyte plants (eg: reeds, rushes)"
Mean Annual Runoff The average annual runoff from a catchment [5]
MUSIC The Model for Urban Stormwater Improvement Conceptualisation software developed by CRC for Catchment
Hydrology to model urban stormwater management schemes.
Natural Channel Design The design of hydraulic conveyance structures, which maintain the engineered and environmental values of a
waterway.
Natural Water Course "A river, creek or stream in which water flows either permanently, intermittenly or occasionally in a natural
channel, or in a natural channel artifically improved, or in an artificial channel that has changed the course of the water course.[7]"
Residence Time The average length of time the water stays in the wetland.[5]
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Retention Basin Basins designed similarly to detention basins.The difference is in their operation in that the outlet for low flow
is not provided but the high level overflow is retained. Wet retention basins are used in situations where significant reductions in pollution
concentrations are required. This is achieved by maintaining a constant pool of water within the basin and carrying out some form of
treatment process.[8]
Riparian "Concerning the banks of a stream, lake or canal.[7]"
River "A major watercourse with a large catchment, usually a wide flat channel bed, a high natural sediment flow and
a near constant base flow. In arid and semi-arid areas rivers can run dry. [4]"
Runoff Coefficient The ratio of how much water is likely to runoff a site against how much rain falls in any particular storm event
[10]
Sediment Basins "Permanent or semi permanent structures, which are used to trap sediment from disturbed or developed areas,
they are used as part of an overall designed system."
Sedimentation The process in which setteable solids are removed from the water column by gravity.
Short Circuiting "term used to describe a pond or wetland where water entering moves quickly to the outlet without interacting
with the treatment structures (eg: Ephemeral zone, wetland zone)"
Stochastic A random process that can be described using certain statisitical patterns.[5]
Stormwater Surface water run-off following a rain event (including piped flows)
Stormwater Management Plan (SMP) "A plan that evaluates options for the management of stormwater quantity, quality and ecological
values within a predetermined catchment. [9]"
Surcharge The increased water level in a storage beyond the designed operating level eg; storage of a reservoir above the
level of the spillway.
Surcharge Path The direct escape path for water.
Total Catchment Management "The coordinated and sustainable use and management of land, water, vegetation and other natural
resources on a water catchment basis so as to balance resource utilisation and conservation.[5]"
TP Total Phosphorus - a measure of organic and inorganic phosphorus in particulate soluble forms.[5]
Trunk Drainage Those drainage systems having catchment areas greater than 15 Hectares or runoff in excess of 3m/s during a
20% ARI event (Urban Drainage Design Manual Sutherland Shire Council ).
TSS Total Suspended Solids - a measure of filterable matter in a water sample.[5]
Turbidity "Measure of the clarity of water using a colorimetric scale, generally relating to suspended material in water.[5]"
RUSLE Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation
Water Sensitive Urban Design (WUSD) "A design principle which encourages the integration of principles such as detention of
stormwater, the use of vegetation for filtering purposes, water efficient landscaping, protection of water related environmental, recreational
and cultural values."
Water Table The surface of a body of ground water at which the pressure is atmospheric.[5]
Water Quality Indicator "an indicator for an environmental value measured in a quantitative way Eg. mg/L, pH . The water quality
indicator is compared to the water quality guidelines to determine if the environmental value is being achieved.[9]"
Water Quality Objectives measurable goals for the quality of receiving waters to ensure the Environmental Values are upheld.[9]
Source of definitions
"[1] Australian Standards (1972), Terms Used in Road Engineering. Australian Standard AS 1348-1972, Sydney."
"[2] Houghton, P.D. & Charman, P.E.V. (1986) Glossary of terms used in Soil Conservation. Soil Conservation Service of NSW."
"[3] Macquarie Library, (1981) The Macquarie Dictionary. Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, Sydney."
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"[4] National Steering Committee for the development of fish and flow friendly causeway, culvert and wetland inlet structures."
[5] The Constructed Wetlands Manual DLWC 1998
[6] Water Sensitive Urban Design - A stormwater management perspective -CRC Industry report 02/10 2002
[7] RTA Road Design Guide Section 7 stormwater Management and Drainage Design
[8] Practical design of stormwater retention basins. IPWEA June 2002
[9] Guideline on identifying & applying water qualtiy objectives in Brisbane City (V1)
"[10] Managing Urban Stormwater, Soils & Construction 1998
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APPENDIX A
TABLE D7A 1 MUSIC DEFAULT PARAMETERS ( Example Only-not for Design use )
Total Suspended Solids Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
(Log10 mg/L) (Log10 mg/L) (Log10 mg/L)
Land Use Parameter
Base Storm Base Storm Base Storm
Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow
Mean 0.99 2.18 -0.95 -0.47 0.19 0.26

Urban Residential
Std Deviation 0.38 0.39 0.34 0.30 0.19 0.23
Commercial
Mean 0.82 2.17 -0.66 -0.40 0.35 0.37
Std Deviation 0.40 0.39 0.49 0.35 0.30 0.33
Industrial
Mean 0.78 1.96 -1.15 -0.56 0.12 0.28
Std deviation 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.37 0.19 0.33
Mean 0.54 2.36 -1.52 -0.52 -0.52 0.36
Rural Residential
Std Deviation 0.24 0.51 0.41 0.27 0.42 0.25
Existing MUSIC defaults (after Duncan, 1999)
Urban
Mean 1.10 2.20 -0.82 -0.45 0.32 0.42
Std Deviation 0.17 0.32 0.19 0.25 0.12 0.19
Agriculture
Mean 1.40 2.30 -0.88 -0.27 0.07 0.59
Std Deviation 0.13 0.31 0.13 0.30 0.13 0.26
Forest
Mean 0.90 1.90 -1.50 -1.10 -0.14 -0.07
Std Deviation 0.13 0.20 0.13 0.22 0.13 0.24
TABLE D7A 2 WETLAND ZONES , TYPICAL SPECIES AND FUNCTIONAL PROCESS (Somerset et al 1996)
EPHEMERAL SWAMP
Typical Ecological Characteristics
Dominant species: eg. Eucalyptus, Melaleuca, Casurina, Juncus ; Vegetation: 2m woodland overstorey, low-high density
openclosed
canopy, ~0.5m low-high density grassland-rushland groundcover
Typical Physical Characteristics
Surface area : volume ratio: high (when inundated); Water depth: ~0.1-0.2m; Natural water regime: ephemeral (mostly dry,
occasional irregular inundation cycle)
Potential Treatment Processes and Mechanisms
Solids removal: sedimentation and filtration (particularly of fine particles); Mineralisation: microbial growth, enhanced by
wetting and drying; Nutrient uptake and transformation: microbial and macrophyte growth; Nutrient storage: sediment
adsorption
SHALLOW MARSH
Dominant species: eg. Baumea articulata (Jointed Twig rush) ; Vegetation: 0.3-0.7m, low-medium density open canopy,
typically supports epiphytic algae on submerged culms
Surface area : volume ratio: high; Water depth: ~0.1-0.2m; Natural water regime: ephemeral (regular seasonal dry cycle)
Aeration: surface exchange and epiphytic photosynthesis; Solids removal: filtration (surface adhesion); Mineralisation:
microbial growth, enhanced by wetting and drying; Nutrient uptake and transformation: microbial, epiphyte and macrophyte
growth; Nutrient storage: sediment adsorption
MARSH
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Dominant species: eg. Baumea sp. Bolboschoenus sp ; Vegetation: 0.5-1.5m high, high density closed canopy,
high litter production
Surface area : volume ratio :medium-high; Water depth: ~0.3m; Natural water regime: ephemeral (occasional-regular dry
cycle)
Solids removal: sedimentation and filtration; Mineralisation: microbial growth; Nutrient uptake and transformation:
microbial and macrophyte growth; Nutrient storage: sediment adsorption and litter accumulation
DEEP MARSH
Dominant species: eg. Eleocharis sphacelata (Tall spike rush) ; Vegetation: 1-2m, medium-dense semi-closed canopy,
supporting some epiphytic algae, moderate litter production
Surface area : volume ratio: medium; Water depth: ~0.4-0.6m; Natural water regime: permanent (occasional irregular dry
cycle)
Solids removal: sedimentation and filtration; Mineralisation: microbial growth; Nutrient uptake and transformation:
microbial, epiphyte and macrophyte growth; Nutrient storage: sediment adsorption and litter accumulation
OPEN WATER
Dominant species: algae (or submerged macrophytes in low nutrient conditions) ; Vegetation: phytoplankton growth resulting
in secondary solids production, (macrophyte growth inhibiting mixing and removing solids by sedimentation and filtration)
Surface area : volume ratio: low; Water depth: 1m; Natural water regime: permanent, generally well mixed but may stratify
during still conditions, particularly in the warmer months
Solids removal: sedimentation (and filtration); Aeration: wind mixing, algal photosynthesis; Sterilisation: UV exposure;
Nutrient uptake and transformation: phytoplankton and submerged macrophyte growth; Nutrient storage: sediment
adsorption and accumulation
WETLAND VEGETATION SELECTION LIST - Sandy Soils
WETLAND ZONE BOTANICAL NAME / COMMON NAME
Submerged Marsh 0.4 0.9 m below normal top water level .

Recommended plant density 2 plants / m
Potamageton crispus Curly Pondweed
Potamageton ochreatus Blunt Pondweed
Potamageton pectinatus Fennel Pondweed
Deep Marsh 0.2 0.4 m below normal top water level

The recommended plant density is 4 plants / m(planted
in bands perpendicular to flow).
Baumea articulata Jointed Twig-rush
Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-rush
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-rush
Triglochin procerum Water Ribbons
0 0.20 m below normal top water level
Shallow Marsh The recommended plant density 4 plants / m
(planted in bands perpendicular to flow).
Baumea arthrophylla Fine Twig-rush
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WETLAND VEGETATION SELECTION LIST - Sandy Soils

Bolboschoenus caldwelli Marsh Club-rush
Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge
Ranunculus inundalus Buttercup
Myriphyllum capul Medusa Cat Tail
Myriphyllum verrucosum Red water milfoil
Myriphyllum varriifolium milfoil
Schoenoplectus validus River Club-rush
Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-
flower
Ephemeral Marsh Above normal water level, temporally inundated

during high flows
plant density is 6 plants / m.
Carex appressa Tall Sedge
Carex gaudichaudiana Fen Sedge
Centella asiatica Centella Pennywort
Cyperus lucidius Leafy Flat-sedge
Juncus amabilis Hollow Rush
Philydium lanuginosum Frogsmouth
Ephemeral Wetland Above normal water level, temporally inundated
during high flows
Centella asiatica Centella Pennywort
Juncus pallidus Pale Rush
Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark
Persicaria decipens Slender Knotweed
lanuginosum Frogsmouth
Juncus usitatuss Tussock
Rush
Wetland Margin plant density is 6 plants / m.
Carex fasicularis Tassell Sedge
Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-rush
Juncus pallidus Pale Rush
Rush
Isolepis nodosus Club-rush
Leptospermum junipernum Tea - Tree
WETLAND VEGETATION SELECTION LIST Saline Soils (2000 to 10000 ppm)

Ruppia maritime Sea Tassel
Ruppia megacarpa Sea Tassel

Phragmites australis Common Reed
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WETLAND VEGETATION SELECTION LIST Saline Soils (2000 to 10000 ppm)

Myriphyllum verrucosum Red water milfoil
Myriphyllum salsugineum Lake milfoil
Schoenoplectus pungens Sharp Club-rush
during high flows
Juncus flavidus Yellow Rush
Juncus krausii Sea Rush
Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass
Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed
Triglochin striatum Streaked Arrow-grass
Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia
Ranunculus inundalus Buttercup
during high flows
Juncus flavidus Rush
Juncus kraussii Sea Rush
Melaleuca quinquenervia Broad leaved
Paperbark
Baumea juncea Bare Twig-rush
Juncus subsecundus Finger Rush
Juncus flavidus Yellow Rush
Juncus kraussii Sea Rush
Leptospermum junipernum Tea - Tree
Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia
Ranunculus lappaceus Common Buttercup
Isolepis nedosus Knobbly Club Rush
WETLAND VEGETATION SELECTION LIST - Salurian Soils

Potamageton crispus Curly Pondweed
Vallisneria americana Eel - grass

Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-rush
Ottelia ovalifolia Swamp Lily
Vallisneria americana Eel - grass
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WETLAND VEGETATION SELECTION LIST - Salurian Soils

Alisma plantago-aquatica Water Plantain
Cyperus gunnii Flecked Flat-sedge
Myriphyllum crispatum Upright milfoil
Myriphyllum varriifolium Variable milfoil
Ranunculus inundatus River Buttercup
Schoenoplectus validus River Club-rush
during high flows
Philydiva lanuginosum Frogsmouth
Melaleuca ericafolia Swamp Paperbark
Paperbark
Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass
Persicaria praetermissa Spotted Knotweed
Gratiola peruviana Brooklime
during high flows
Juncus amabilis Hollow Rush
Paperbark
Persicaria praetermissa Spotted Knotweed
Philydrum lanuginosum Frogsmouth
Gratiola peruviana Brooklime
Calistemon salignus Pink tipped Bottlebrush
Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-rush
Rush
Juncus vaginatus Rush
Paperbark
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 43
Contract No.
TABLE D7A - 3 TOTAL WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS

Development
>100 Lots or 8 Ha.
TYPE & SCALE OF DEVELOPMENT (Whichever is
Lesser)
STAGE OF PROJECT
DA Submission
Construction
Certificate
Pre DA : Preliminary (P) sketch/concept acceptable unless noted otherwise.
Pre- DA
DA Submission : Draft (D) sketch/concept acceptable unless noted otherwise.
Construction Certificate : Final (F) detail in accordance with relevant Council
Specification unless noted otherwise.
Site conditions topography, soils, groundwater, vegetation, and habitat
connectivity. P P F
Catchment context and land capability. P P F
Estimates of all water flows
o potable water supply requirements, N/A P F
o wastewater ( black and grey water components ), N/A P F
o roofwater volumes. N/A P F
Site and receiving water quality :-
o Water quality of the receiving waters
o Pre development modelled pollutant loads N/A P F
o Post development modelled pollutant loads. N/A P F
o A management plan identifying treatment measures, N/A P F
using a treatment train approach to meet water quality N/A P F
objectives. .
Site hydrology :-
o Pre development hydrology ;- runoff volumes, frequency,
and peaks. N/A P F
o Post development hydrology :- runoff volumes,
frequency, and peaks. N/A P F
o Stormwater volumes for pre and post development
scenario N/A P F
o A management plan which identifies measure to reduce N/A P F
hydrological changes.
Strategies for improving
o water efficiency and rainwater, stormwater, grey-water,
reclaimed wastewater, and reuse opportunities in P P F
accordance with Council policy/strategy
o protecting water quality,
o flood protection, P P F
o aquatic ecosystem protection or enhancement in P P F
degraded areas, P P F
o habitat connectivity protection or enhancement in
degraded areas. P P F
Integrated water infrastructure systems.
Proposed layout and street design measures to protect landform, natural P P F
water features and environment as per Chapter 4 of ARQ. P P F
Proposed trunk drainage measures to protect natural water feature and
environment . P P F
Proposed landscape features to protect natural water features and
environment as per Chapter 4 of ARQ. N/A P F
Provision of water tanks, detention, infiltration, SQID/s and other
stormwater infrastructure. N/A P F
Maintenance Operation Plan requirements for infrastructure and
stormwater treatment devices. N/A P F
Maintenance requirements for landscaping and rehabilitation.
Monitoring requirements (stream health, vegetation, water quality, N/A N/A N/A
rehabilitation works and systems). N/A P F
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 44
Contract No.
TABLE D7A - 4 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS - SMP

High Risk Low Risk
Development Single dwellings &
TYPE & SCALE OF DEVELOPMENT >6 Lots and/or Duplexes < 6 Lots or <
2500m 2500m
DA Submission
DA Submission
STAGE OF PROJECT
Construction
Construction
Certificate
Certificate
Pre- DA
Pre- DA
Details of the development showing :-
The boundary of the development. P F F P F F
The north point. P F F P F F
The location of services. N/A F F N/A F F
The footprint of the development. P F F P F F
The footprint of impermeable paved areas. N/A F F N/A F F
The location of fences P F F P F F
The total hardstand area of the site i.e the total area of roof area, garage area, N/A F F N/A F F
concreted area and impervious area ( footpaths, driveways, pool paved area).
A schematic showing the location and direction of flow of all sustainable water
elements (including: rainwater tank, infiltration, and detention system) and, if P F F P F F
applicable, the location of on site septic tank and disposal areas.
Where rainwater tanks are proposed to be installed :-

The location of the rainwater connection, N/A N/A F N/A P F
Size, height and type of storage. N/A N/A F N/A P F
Overflow and connection to stormwater / other systems. N/A N/A F N/A P F
Depth and details if to be constructed underground. N/A N/A F N/A P F
Details of pump. N/A N/A F N/A P F
Details of first flush system N/A N/A F N/A P F
Details of connections to internal and external plumbing. N/A N/A F N/A P F
Details of backflow prevention. N/A N/A F N/A P F
Details of connection to mains if rainwater is to be internally plumbed N/A N/A F N/A P F
Where infiltration and detention systems are proposed to be installed.
Soil permeability. N/A P F N/A P F
Size of system. N/A P F N/A P F
Overflow and connection to stormwater / other systems N/A P F N/A P F
Where OSD systems are proposed to be installed.
Size of system ( volume ) N/A P F N/A P F
Flow rate. N/A P F N/A P F
Overflow and connection to stormwater / other systems. N/A P F N/A P F
HYDROLOGY
Pre development hydrology ;- runoff volumes, frequency, and peaks. P F F P F F
Post development hydrology :- runoff volumes, frequency, and peaks. P F F P F F
Management measures to reduce impacts. P P N/A P F F
WATER QUALITY
Pre development water quality of receiving waters. N/A P F N/A P F
Pre development pollutant loads (modelled ). N/A P F N/A P F
Post development pollutant loads ( modelled ). N/A P F N/A P F
Management plan to address water quality. N/A P F N/A P F
Where the reinstatement of riparian vegetation is proposed :-
A landscape plan detailing the location and type of species. P D F P D F
Staging plan for works. P D F P D F
A maintenance and monitoring program for the first year of regeneration. P D F P D F
If cut and fill is undertaken the site a plan must be submitted to council which shows :-
Existing topography, P F F P F F
Existing overland drainage direction ( upstream and downstream ). P F F P F F
Location of upstream and downstream neighbouring landholders. P F F P F F
Proposed volumes and location of cut and fill. P D F P D F
The proposed source of the fill. P D F P D F
Proposed revised levels and topography of the site. P F F P F F
The overland drainage direction following cut and/or fill ( upstream and P F F P F F
downstream, ).
Description of any new overland flow on neighbouring properties. P F F P F F
SQID PLAN
How the chosen treatment devices relates to the treatment train and the rationale P D F N/A N/A N/A
for SQID selection as described in section D7.13
That the SQID/s chosen address target pollutants as listed in Tables D7A - 6 N/A D F N/A N/A N/A
That the SQID/s chosen meets the water quality objectives as listed in Section
D7.11 N/A D F N/A N/A N/A
The catchment area that the SQID is treating and the optimum treatment area for
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 45
Contract No.
High Risk Low Risk

Development Single dwellings &
TYPE & SCALE OF DEVELOPMENT >6 Lots and/or Duplexes < 6 Lots or <
2500m 2500m
DA Submission
DA Submission
STAGE OF PROJECT
Construction
Construction
Certificate
Certificate
Pre- DA
Pre- DA
the device chosen. N/A D F N/A N/A N/A
The Hydraulic regime of the SQID and the Hydraulic regime of the site, including
influence by tidal factors ( if applicable ). N/A D F N/A N/A N/A
The target pollutants to be removed by the SQID and how it relates to the
treatment train for the development. P D F N/A N/A N/A
An operations and maintenance plan detailing maintenance costs.
N/A D F N/A N/A N/A
SQID Maintenance and Operation Manual for the maintenance of Stormwater Quality
Improvement Devices must be prepared in accordance with Councils Maintenance
Operation Procedures Manual and contain:
Worksafe procedures (Workplace Health and Safety) for the safe operation and N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
maintenance of the SQID.
Supplier contact for parts, services and / or technical advice. N/A N/A F N/A N/A N/A
The mechanism required to clean the device ( eg manual removal, backhoe, N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
inductor truck ) etc.
Any consumables required for the maintenance of the device. N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
Maintenance and Inspection forms (REFER TO COUNCIL STD FORMS) which N/A N/A F N/A N/A N/A
clearly identify the data collection requirements.
A specified maintenance frequency Eg either in terms of maintenance on a N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
specific events basis, a periodic basis, or based on certain levels of material
trapped within the device. NOTE The statement Maintain as required is not
acceptable.
Dewatering and waste disposal procedures. This includes the names and N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
locations of licensed operators able to take the waste. Any and all regulated,
hazardous or other waste licensing requirements, which must be followed in the
transportation and disposal of the liquid and dry waste components.
Access points for vehicles / machinery as required. N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
An estimate of costs for maintenance incorporating the likely frequency of N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
cleanout, type of cleanout, the costs for transport, vehicle hire ( eg Inductor truck if
any ), disposal and consumables and replacement costs.
A schematic of the SQID, its connections to the drainage system, and description N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
of operations.
Electrical diagrams for any and all electronic components. N/A N/A F N/A N/A N/A
Inspection and monitoring frequency including the type of monitoring and data N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
collection required to assess the performance of the system.
Supplier contact for parts, services and / or technical advice. N/A N/A F N/A N/A N/A
The type of material likely to be caught in the device ( eg liquid or solid ). N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
A replacement cost for the asset. N/A P F N/A N/A N/A
Stakeholder notification requirements when undertaking maintenance. N/A N/A F N/A N/A N/A
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 46
Contract No.
TABLE D7A - 5 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN REQUIREMENTS ESCP
SCALE & TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT High Risk Low Risk

Development Single dwellings
>6 Lots and/or & Duplexes < 6
2500m Lots or < 2500m
STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
Construction Certificate
DA Submission
Pre DA : Preliminary (P) sketch/concept acceptable unless noted
DA Submission
otherwise.
DA Submission : Draft (D) sketch/concept acceptable unless noted
Pre DA
otherwise.
Pre-DA
Construction Certificate : Final (F) detail in accordance with relevant
Council Specification unless noted otherwise.
a. Plans of external and internal catchments N/A P F P F F
1. Site layout to include
Plans showing existing site topography, water courses, P F F P F F
contours
Final contours with cut and fill locations identified. P F F P F F
Property boundaries and lot lines. P F F P F F
General staging of works. P F F P F F
Staging of works including site clearing & topsoil stripping. N/A F F N/A F F
Location of site works, facilities and access. N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
Location of parking areas, roadways & tracks. N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
Location of site storage & stockpile areas.
N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
Utility plans.
N/A P F N/A P F
Erosion risk mapping identification of low, medium, high and
extreme erosion risk areas. N/A F F N/A F F
Topographic site limitations which may include:- excessive
slope gradients; unstable hazardous terrain; flood inundation
areas; rock outcrops; active coastal dune systems; land
subject to wave attack; existing erosion; water bodies;
drainage problem areas; areas of potential mass movement.
2. Vegetation layout
General location, nature and condition of existing vegetation. P F F P F F
Identification of buffer width requirements adjacent to N/A F F N/A F F
watercourses.
Location plan of protected trees and bushland, non N/A F F N/A F F
disturbance areas, buffer zones, disturbance control fencing
and limits of clearing.
Revegetation landscape plan (including staging). N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
3. Soil properties
Location and limitations of major soil types on site. N/A F F N/A F F
Identification of all known areas of dispersive soils (more than N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
10% being dispersive).
The R and K factors for the RUSLE and Soil Loss Classes N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
(delineated where more than one occurs).
Soil hydrologic group [ Managing Urban Stormwater, Soils N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
and construction NSW Dept of Housing 1998 Appendix F].
Soil texture group Type C, F or D N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
4. Drainage
Plans of both temporary and permanent drainage, including N/A P F N/A P F
design/capacities of major drains.
identification of all proposed temporary and final overland flow N/A P F N/A P F
paths.
any proposed diversions of overland flow paths or N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 47
Contract No.
SCALE & TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT High Risk Low Risk

Development Single dwellings
>6 Lots and/or & Duplexes < 6
2500m Lots or < 2500m
STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
DA Submission
Pre DA : Preliminary (P) sketch/concept acceptable unless noted
DA Submission
otherwise.
DA Submission : Draft (D) sketch/concept acceptable unless noted
Pre DA
otherwise.
Pre-DA
Construction Certificate : Final (F) detail in accordance with relevant
Council Specification unless noted otherwise.
watercourses from the site.
Lawful point of discharge, easements/land required for lawful N/A P F N/A P F
discharge.
5. Erosion and sediment control proposal including
Site specific text overview and design philosophy of erosion N/A P F N/A P F
and sediment control proposal
Location (on plans), type and function of drainage, erosion and N/A P F N/A P F
sediment control measures (the location plans must include
areas external to the site where these areas impact or are
impacted upon by the drainage or ESCP of the subject site).
Areas proposed for clearing (maximum of 2ha. Per stage ) N/A F F N/A F F
Calculation of Sediment pond sizes during construction. N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
Timetable, integration/sequencing of ESCP with staging of N/A F F N/A F F
works
RUSLE calculations to evaluate current annual soil loss and N/A P F N/A N/A F
likely annual soil losses from the proposed development
incorporating the proposed ESCP
Water quality monitoring program with water quality objectives, N/A N/A F N/A N/A F
parameters to be monitored, locations and monitoring
frequency.
N/A P F N/A P F
Proposed response to failure of system and non-compliance
with discharge quality standards.
N/A P F N/A P F
Reporting procedures.
N/A P F N/A P F
Procedures for amending the ESCP
g. Acid soil management plan. N/A P F N/A P F
h. Details of receiving waters including quality characteristics. N/A F F N/A F F
i. Assessment of effects of construction phase of development on N/A F F N/A F F
receiving waters.
j. Details of proposed water quality monitoring program. N/A P F N/A P F
k. If the development proposal is for a subdivision containing master N/A F F N/A F F
lots ie. Large lots to be further subdivided under a future DA, then the
ESCP must be prepared containing details of erosion and sediment
controls for each master lot, independent of the ESCP for any other
lots.
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 48
TABLE D7A 6 POLLUTANT REDUCTION EFFICIENCIES ( Brisbane City Council Design Guidelines for Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices Final Draft 4 November 1999)
Litter CoarseSednt Suspended Nutrients (N & P) Oxygen Hydrocarbons Pathogens Heavy Metals
Management Device Solids Demanding
Substances
Source Controls
Street Sweeping HM M - - L - - L
Rubbish Bins HM - - - L - - -
Education L L L L L L L L
Primary Treatments Small Scale
Litter Baskets LM L - - L - - -
Grates & Entrance Screens L - - - - - -

Side Entry Pit Traps LM L - - L - - -
Baffle Pits L LM L L L - - L
Catch Pits L LM L L L - - L
Oil & Grit Separators L LM L L L LM L L
Nets H - - - - - - -
Medium Scale Devices
Litter & Trash Racks M L - - L - - -
Downwardly inclined screens H - - - - - - -
Floating Litter Booms LM - - - - - - -
In Ground GPT H VH H L L LM L - L
In Line Separators M LM - - - - - -
Large Scale Devices
Open Gross Pollutant Traps MH H L L L L L L
Sediment Traps L H L L L L L L
Secondary Treatments
Filter Strips M H M LM L L M L
Grass Swales LM MH M LM L L M M
Sand Filters - MH MH M M M M M
Infiltration Trench / Basin - MH M M M M M MH
Porous Pavement - H MH M M M H MH
Extended Detention Basins - MH LM L L L M L
Tertiary Treatments
Water Quality Ponds M VH H LM LM L L L LM
Constructed Wetlands M - VH H M M L M M H
Legend: - = Neglible benefit L = 10 30 % Pollutant reduction efficiency M = 30-50% Pollutant reduction efficiency H = 50 75 % Pollution reduction efficiency VH = 75-100% Pollution reduction efficiency

Page 49
TABLE D7A 7 Brisbane City Council design guidelines for Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices Final Draft 4 November 1999
Device / Practice Maximum Flow Rate (L/S) for Design Event (Q 3 month)
Target Size 30 50 70 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2500 3000 4000
Pollutants Criteria
In Ground GPT
Humes Humeguard in Litter, Model No CONTACT CSR HUMES FOR SIZING INFORMATION
line Gpt Sediments
Ecosol RSF 4000 Flow L/S 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1800
Ecosol RSF 6000 Flow L/S 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1800
Rocla Cleansall Inlet CL375 CL600 CL900 CL1350 CL1800
Rocla Downstream Flow L/S DD1200 DD1800 DD2400 DD3000
Defender
Baramy Inlet 300 1300
CDS CDS unit Flow L/s F0908 P1512 P1516 P2018 P2028 P3024 * Combinations
Oil and Grit Separators
Humes Humeceptor Hydrocarbons Model No STC2 to STC27 CONTACT CSR HUMES FOR SIZING INFORMATION
Ecosol RSF 5000 Sediments Flow L/s 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1800
CDS CDS unit Flow L/s F0908 P1512 P2018 * SIZED ON FLOW, CAPACITY AND/OR MAINTENANCE COSTS
Grease Traps
Everhard Grease Traps Hydrocarbons Cap L 250-10000 L Traps
Open GPT
Baramy Direct Flow Litter, sediment Inlet Dia. 300 1500
Baramy Channel Litter Treatable Flow = 40% of Channel Depth
End of Pipe Litter Nets
Stormwater Pratten Trap PT Litter Inlet Dia PT 2000
Systems 2000
Net Tech Interceptor Inlet Dia ALL
Litter Baskets
Ecosol RSF Series Litter, Sediment Unit Dia. 300 450 600
Ingal Litter, Sediment
Side Entry Trap
Ecosol RSF 100 & GSP Litter, Sediment Pit Size Gully Pits and pavement grated inlets
Sediment Trap
Hydro Storm King Sediment Unit Size m 3.0 x 2.57 3.66 x 3 5.0 x 3.59 6.0 x 4.13
Hydro Overflow Sediment Unit Dia. 1.4 2.6 3.4 4.1 Sized to suit flow
Swales & Filter Strips
Grass Swales, Filter Strips, Nutrients, Sediments, Hydraulic residence time
Bioretention Systems Metals, Litter Refer to ARQ for design considerations
Notes:
Devices cannot be selected on the basis of size alone. All relevant design criteria must be taken into account when selecting a device.
Other relevant criteria include: Pollutant characteristics, maintenance, hydraulic head, pipe gradient, tidal influence, health, safety, aesthetics.
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 50
Figure D7-10 Hastings and Camden Haven River Catchments water quality regions
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 51
Table D7A 8 Environmental Values Hastings and Camden Haven Regions
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 52
Average Annual Rainfall

1526mm
Coastal Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution Average Annual
(Bureau of Meterology Port Macquarie 1960 to 2003) Maximum 2062
Average Annual
Minimum 1172mm
500.0
Average
450.0
437 Average Max
Average Min
400.0 400
357
350.0
313
300.0 298
Rainfall (mm)
269
259
250.0 243
195.6
177.8
200.0 199
159.5
154.0
182
151.1
147.3
155
122.3
121.7
150.0
103.2
130
103
94
93
91
100.0
72.5
79
79
63.0
69
57.9
67
58
50.0
37
32
29
0.0
Oct
Nov
Dec
Mar
May
Jul
Jan
Feb
Jun
Apr
Aug
Sep
Month
Fig D7A - 11 Coastal Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 53
Average annual Rainfall

1297mm Average Annual
Lower Inland Monthly Rainfall Distribution Maximum 1814mm Average
(Bureau of Meterology Site 060124 Wauchope 1960 to 2002) Average Annual Minimum
Average Maximum
974mm
Average Minimum
500
433
450
392
400
336
328
350
318
Rainfall (mm)
300
258
255
235
250
200
200
175
167
158
140
143
138
150
118
115
114
111
106
95
100
102
91
49
48
80
44
50 72
60 63 63
53 50
0 25 24 22
May
Jul
Jan
Feb
Jun
Mar
Aug
Sep
Nov
Dec
Apr
Oct
Month
Fig D7A - 12 Lower Inland Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 54
Average Annual Rainfall - 1040 mm

Average Annual Maximum - 1225 mm
Upper Inland Monthly Rainfall Distribution Average Annual Minimum - 837mm
(Bureau of Meterology Site 060121 1982 to 2002 )
350
303 301
300
Average
Maximum
250 245
Minimum
200
Rainfall (mm)
187 189
157
151
159 161
140
150 146
128
110
105
97
96
100
83
89
78
92 86
69
64
63
61
53
48
47
47
50
21 40
33
16 31
24
23
0
Oct
Jul
Jan
Jun
Nov
Dec
May
Mar
Apr
Feb
Aug
Sep
Month
Fig D7A - 13 Upper Inland Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 55
Regional Rainfall Distribution
2500
Average Annual Max
2062
Avaerage Annual
Avaerage Annual Min.
2000 1814
1526
Rainfall Averages (mm)
1500
1225
1297
1172
1040
974
1000 837
500
0
Coastal Region Lower Inland Upper Inland
Region
Fig. D7A 14 Regional Rainfall Distribution Hastings LGA

Table D7A 9 Landuse and Pollutant Concentrations
LANDUSE Suspended Total Total Ph Total Oil &
Solids mg/L Phosphorus Nitrogen mg/L Grease
mg/L mg/L mg/L
Forest 140 0.1 1.5 6.65 0
Rural Allotments 200 0.4 3.5 6.65 8
Woodland 100 0.75 0.85 6.65 0
Open space & Parks 200 0.5 3 6.65 0
Agriculture 300 1 6 6.65 0
Schools & Churches 300 0.5 3.5 6.8 9
Low Density Residential 220 0.6 4.5 6.8 8
High Density Residential 250 0.7 4 6.8 8
Rural Roads 150 0.3 3 6.9 17
Commercial 250 0.5 3 6.7 17
Urban Roads 400 0.6 3 6.9 17
Roofs 70 0.13 3 5.6 9
Industrial 300 0.5 3 7.1 9
HASTINGS COUNCIL
Page 56
Contract No.

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D7 Stormwater Management

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STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

D07-Stormwater Management- Hastings 2003 Rev 1.doc February 2004 (Copyright )

Amendment Record for this Specification Part

0 Customisation for Hastings Council All inclusive OAM HC 31/7/03

1 Relocation of Contents page to n/a AOM HC 26/02/04

IPWEA MID NORTH COAST GROUP

CLAUSE CONTENTS PAGE

D7.01 SCOPE .........................................................................................................................................3

D7.02 OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................................3

D7.03 REFERENCE AND SOURCE DOCUMENTS.........................................................................................4

D7.04 PLANNING OF DESIGN ...................................................................................................................5

D7.05 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS...............................................................................................................6

D7.06 ACCEPTABLE MODELLING TOOLS AND METHODS ...........................................................................6

D7.07 TOTAL WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT PLAN .....................................................................................8

D7.08 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN...............................................................................................8

D7.09 BUFFER ZONES ............................................................................................................................8

STORMWATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................9

D7.10 STORMWATER RUNOFF .................................................................................................................9

D7.11 WATER QUALITY............................................................................................................................9

D7.12 STORMWATER TREATMENT MEASURES........................................................................................13

STORMWATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT DEVICES......................................................14

D7.13 SELECTION OF STORMWATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT DEVICES ...................................................14

D7.14 MAINTENANCE COST ...................................................................................................................14

D7.15 WET RETENTION BASINS/PONDS ..................................................................................................15

D7.16 TRASH RACKS.............................................................................................................................18

D7.17 GROSS POLLUTANT TRAPS ..........................................................................................................18

D7.18 LITTER BASKETS ........................................................................................................................19

D7.19 CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS AND PONDS ......................................................................................19

D7.20 INFILTRATION SYSTEMS ..............................................................................................................23

D7.21 VEGETATED SWALES..................................................................................................................26

D7.22 BIORETENTION SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................27

EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL .............................................................................28

D7.23 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN .......................................................................................28

D7.24 SOIL DISTURBANCE .......................................................................................................................28

D7.25 NO ACCESS AREAS .....................................................................................................................28

D7.26 DIVERSION WORKS .....................................................................................................................29

D7.27 DROP DOWN DRAINS ...................................................................................................................30

D7.28 STOCKPILES ...............................................................................................................................30

D7.29 SEDIMENT BASINS/TRAPS/DAMS...................................................................................................30

D7.30 SEDIMENT TRAPS / BARRIERS FOR MINOR CATCHMENTS...............................................................31

D7.31 LEVEL SPREADERS .....................................................................................................................32

D7.32 THE LOCATION OF SHAKEDOWN AREAS AND ACCESS STABILISATION.............................................32

D7.33 WIND EROSION/DUST CONTROL ...................................................................................................33

D7.34 REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING SITES ..........................................................................................34

D7.35 EXTERNAL SITE REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................34

TABLE D7A - 3 TOTAL WATERCYCLE MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS ................................................................44

TABLE D7A - 4 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN REQUIREMENTS - SMP.................................................................45

TABLE D7A - 5 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN REQUIREMENTS ESCP......................................................47

Table D7A 8 Environmental Values Hastings and Camden Haven Regions..................................................52

Fig D7A - 11 Coastal Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution................................................................................53

Fig D7A - 12 Lower Inland Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution ......................................................................54

Fig D7A - 13 Upper Inland Region Monthly Rainfall Distribution .......................................................................55

Table D7A 9 Landuse and Pollutant Concentrations .....................................................................................56

DEVELOPMENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION D7

D7.03 REFERENCE AND SOURCE DOCUMENTS

(a) Council Specifications

D5 - Stormwater Drainage Design

(b) NSW State Legislation

Environment Planning & Assessment Act, 1979

(c) State Authorities

NSW Department of Housing

NSW Acid Sulfate Soil Management Advisory Committee

The Institution of Engineers Australia

Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology