FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

MACHINE TOOL TECHNOLOGY TUTORIAL 9

BTKM 2323 SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2013/2014

Tools for CNC

1. Explain why CNC machine have been widely used in manufacturing.

2. Compare the accuracy of a machinist with a CNC machine tool.
3. Explain the advantages of CNC as related to part accuracy and productivity.
4. Explain the two axes on a lathe (chucking center) and state what each controls in CNC
machine.
5. Explain the three axes on a vertical milling machine (machining center) and state what
each control in CNC machine.
6. Define the incremental dimensions or positions given in programming modes.
7. What code would the Machine Control Unit (MCU) understand for incremental
positioning?
8. Explain the absolute dimensions or positions given in programming modes.
9. What code would the Machine Control Unit (MCU) understand for absolute positioning?
10. When is point-to-point positioning used?
11. Explain THREE (3) common operations that may use point-to-point positioning.
12. Name FOUR (4) main components of a CNC system.
13. Name the two most common codes used for CNC programming.
14. What code is used for: (a) Linear interpolation and (b) Circular interpolation?
15. What miscellaneous code should be used for : (a) Turn the spindle on clockwise, and (b)
Turn the spindle off?

Solution:

1. Accuracy, reliability, repeatability, productivity.

2. Machinist: .001 in. (0.025 mm); CNC machine: .0001 to .0002 in. (0.0025 to 0.0050 mm).
3. Reduction of scrap, reduced lead time, maximum accuracy, lower tool costs, increased productivity,
less inspection, better machine use.
4. X axis: in and out movement of cutting tool; Z axis: carriage movement towards or away from the
headstock.
5. X axis: table movement right or left; Y axis: table movement towards or away from column; Z axis:
up or down movement of table or spindle.
6. From last known point.
7. G91
8. From fixed point
9. G90
10. To join points with straight lines
11. Drilling, reaming, machining straight line surfaces.
12. Computer, control unit, machine logic, MCU
13. G (preparatory), M (miscellaneous)
14. (a) G01 ; (b) G02 and G03
15. (a) M03 ; (b) M05