CONTENTS

Page No.

1. INTRODUCTION OF THE SPORTS INDUSTRY

1-4

History

 Present Status of Sports Industries

2. COMPANY PROFILE

5 -10

3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

11-17

 Objectives

 Scope of the Study

 Data Collection

 Limitations

4. INTRODUCTION TO PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

18-24

5. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

25-38

6. FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

39-44

7. TYPES OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

45-46
8. CONCLUSION

47

9. ANNEXURES

Questionnaire

REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO THE SPORT INDUSTRY

COMPANY PROFILE

SCOPE

OBJECTIVES

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

DATA COLLECTION

DATA INTERPRETATION & FINDINGS

SWOT ANALYSIS

CONCLUSION

LIMITATIONS

SUGGESTIONS
 LIST OF GRAPHS

1. Figure showing production for supply to different markets.

2. Figure showing the major year where comparative

Increase in sales is recorded.

3. Figure showing peak year for the increase in production

Of balls.

4. Figure showing brand positioning in the local market.

5. Figure showing the production for supply to Indian

Exporters.
 LIST OF TABLES

1. Table for seeing the increase in sales from year 1983-85.

2. Table for seeing the increase in sales from the Year 1986-90.

3. Table for seeing the increase in sales from the Year 1991-95.

4. Table for seeing the increase in sales from the Year 2006-2007.

5. Table for seeing the production for supply the Different markets.

6. Table for the major years where comparative Increase in sales is

recorded.

7. Table showing the peak years for increase in Production of balls.

8. Table showing brand positioning in the local market

.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my greatest thanks to all the people who helped me during the

time of my study. I wish to extend my sincere thanks to the managing

director of LEGEND INTERNATIONAL, Mr. Anuj Pasricha and Mr. S.K.

Pasricha, who besides their very busy schedule spared time for me. The

production Incharge Mr. Shivlal was the major torch holder for my study.

Mr. Shivlal was the man who helped me to understand each and every

thing I could not have understood. I am very thankful to him.

Company as a whole was a great support for effective working. Everybody

was so devoted to work that I also felt working all the time.

Finally, I thank H.R.M.M.V, Jalandhar for offering me such a versatile

opportunity to study.

(ISHA SHARMA)
 CERTIFICATE

Certified that project report entitled “SURVEY ON PRODUCTION

PROCESS OF SPORTS GOODS” is a bonafide research work of Miss.

Isha Sharma conducted by him at Legend International, Jalandhar

under my guidance and supervision is an original piece of work. To, the

best of my knowledge this work has not been presented before.

Project guide

Miss. Kajal Vij

 HISTORY

Sports Industry was originated in India in the year 1890 at Sialkot (Now in

Pakistan). The Emergence of goods industry in India is very interesting, as

British Army officers used to entertain themselves with sports like Tennis,

Footbal and Cricket. Once the Tennis racket of British Army officer

required some repair. They called Mr.Anuj Pasricha, a clerk in army to call

local artisan to repair the Racket. That is how the racket was repaired and

thus Mr. Anuj Pasricha found a chance to start the sport goods industry in

India. As India has always been proud of its skilled artisans for the labour

force so it was then not a problem.

This sports goods industry was re-established in the year 1984 after the

partition. This was then shifted to Jalandhar, Meerut, Batala, Jammu,

Calcutta and Delhi. The Indian Sporting goods industry has always been a

pioneer in the export field as sports goods being one, amongst the first few

items to be exported from India in the early years of 20 Th century. The

Industry suffered a great set back during the time of the country’s partition

into India/Pakistan in the year 1947.

For over decades, the Indian sporting Goods Industry with the accelerating

govt. support, its aggressive marketing, cost competitiveness and quest for

excellence has built up its image in the world markets as suppliers of

quality traditional sorting goods.

 PRESENT STATUS OF SPORTS INDUSTRY

The Sports Goods Industry now occupies a prominent place in the Indian

economy in view of its massive potential for employment, growth and

exports. There has been an increasing emphasis on its planned

development, aimed at optimum utilization of available raw material for

maximizing the returns, particularly from exports. The exports of sports

goods have gained momentum during the past decade and achieved

impressive growth. Indian sports goods Industry has attained a well

deserved recognition in the international markets, besides being a

substantial foreign exchange earner for the country.

Indian sports Goods which are still sourced from the decentralized small

scale industries have established their identity in many countries across

the world irrespective of whether they belong to the developed or

developing category. India has emerged as a principal and reliable supplier

of quality sports goods to the international market.

The sports Goods Industry in India is export oriented, more than 60% of

India’s production of goods is exported. Production is concentrated mainly

in and around Jalandhar in Punjab and Meerut in U.P, where both wood

based as well as leather based rubber based sports goods are

manufactured. Presently, India exports sports goods to nearly 90

countries. However a lot of work is needed to be done which would be

made possible only through manufacture of quality products of

international standards through technology advancements, joint ventures

and Collaborations with world renowned companies.

The sport goods Industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth in a

short span of time reaching an export figure of Rs 217.51 crores during

2000-2001. A level of Rs.207.50 crores (US $ 62.04 millions) was reached

in 1999-2000.This sector represents an average 25.32% exports growth

rate per annum over the last five years. Today Sports export has become

recognized as one of the most significant foreign exchange earners for the

country. The commendable increase in exports of goods can be attributed

to the liberalized policies of Indian Government, who has announced

number of incentives to upgrade India’s exports, such as:

1. Simplified procedures for exports and Import.

2. Full convertibility of the rupee on trade account.

3. Cut in the excise and custom duties in inputs used by industry.

4. Relaxation in value addition norms for export oriented units

encourages indigenous purchases and availability of concessional

liberal credit.

This all have benefited the sports goods industry in upgrading its exports.
Sports Goods industry in India has a lot of space for expansion as India is

yet an insignificant player in the global market with its share contributing

less then 1% of the total world demand. During 1998-1999 exports of

Indian sports goods sector recorded at US$ 61.27 million, registered a

growth of 34.37% over the previous year. At present, only a few products

constitute the export basket of the sports goods. The sports goods industry

worlds wide have undergone a great change in terms of product, design,

technology and use of newly developed raw material for the production of

end products. The Indian sports goods industry is manufacturing mostly

traditional types of products .The product range and market destinations

have also remain narrow to raise the share in the world market, Indian

sports goods industry requires to diversify, modernize and equip its

production with computer aided designs and computer aided

manufacturing. The manufacturing of new products also helps in

maintaining competitive edge in the world markets.

 COMPANY PROFILE

LEGEND INTERNATIONAL is a part of the “Legend International group of

industries”. It is one of the main sale and export units of this group. The

LEGEND INTERNATIONAL group companies of

 Legend International

 Legend International Agencies

 Legend International sports and games

 Legend International sports (World wide)

There are varieties of products which are being produced under the

shadow of Legend International group of industries. It is a big

manufacturing and export unit with its sales hiking upto 10 crores per year.

The name Legend International is known for its diversity and quality, as its

slogan supports:

“QUALITY ONLY CARE, CAN GIVE”

The name Legend International was launched by the founder-chairman of

the Legend International family who laid the foundation of Legend

International Group to serve the sports industry in 1983, Mr. S. K. Pasricha

& Mr. Anuj Pasricha, proprietors and M.D of the Legend International

group of Industries .From the very beginning his aim was to excel in sports
line, starting from a few types of bails, he has now till date added up a

number of major products:

Hockey Balls

 Cricket Balls

 Tennis Balls

Protective Equipment for Hockey and Cricket

 Hockey and Cricket Helmets

 Soccer Balls

 Volley Balls

 Rugby Balls

 Cricket Bat Grips

 Football Shinguards

So, starting from rubber play, this company flourished to make a number of

products.

The managing Director says that all this has been made possible due to

the quality which has been provided over the years to the customers.

But this can be understood that quality alone cannot have brought this

time. There is definitely a very large amount of labour, manpower and

efforts applied to achieve this time. Legend International Sports (World

Wide) is a manufacturing concern basically with its edge over all other
 manufacturing concerns in terms of quality and capacity. It has different

departments under the head, Legend International sports (World

Wide).Theseare :

1. Hockey Ball Section

2. Cricket Ball Section

3. Tennis Ball Section

4. Cork Ball Section

5. Soccer Ball Section

a) Footballs

b) Volley Balls

c) Rugby Balls

d) Netballs

6. Bat and Hockey Section

7. Protective equipment Section

8. Helmet Section

9. Stamping Section

10. Packing Section

11. Raw Material Section

12. Stock Section

13. Security Section

 Recently, Legend International Sports (World Wide) has put up a new

plant called “Rotomoulding Ball Making Plant”, which just till date exists in

United Kingdom under the name of “Alfa Readers”. It is very big plant

which has a capacity of producing Hollow hockey Balls with high finishing.

Legend International will be second in the world to produce this kind of

balls. Talking of the history of Legend International Sports, it was the first

unit to manufacture Hockey Astro Turf Balls in India for it enjoyed

monopoly for over 8 years in the past. The credit of Indian Hockey balls

being used in international grounds goes to Legend International.

Legend International recently launched one more new item called Football

and Hockey Shinguards.

I being a trainee really felt very nice to see such a good range of

shinguards. They have a number of designs, qualities which would be

easily acceptable in the market. This product has a great scope for

advancement of exports in countries like U.S.A, England, Australia,

Malaysia, Srilanka, and Honkong.

Since many years China has a monopoly in this item, reason being their

low prices.
Now proprietor of Legend International Sports says that he will definitely

have a go at the Chinese market and give them a tough competition in

terms of quality and prices. Legend International’s major products remain:

 Hockey and Cricket Balls

 Cricket Helmets

 Cricket Tennis Balls

 Football Shinguards

 Protective Equipment

Also, in the history of Tennis Balls, Legend International Sports introduced

a new blast, which left every person’s eyes wide open, because it is

entirely a new thing; still nobody has come up with this kind of a ball. It is

called the “Pressure less Tennis Ball”.

Even the big name attached with tennis balls like Cosco has been left

behind in this race. All the balls till date made are pressureful and have a

limited life. But Legend International gives a guarantee of over 300 overs

for this ball and still left playable afterwards. So, this name has always

come up with a new inventions that too quality inventions which have

made the name Legend International, a recognized name.

BRANDS

The brands of this company have a high goodwill in the sports market. The

Legend International group works for the brand “FLASH”. Mainly the basic

trade of this company is to produce supplies for exporters likely 84% of the

exporters switch over to Legend International’s products, as they are sure

of the quality and a complaint less supply. The sale graph of the company

mainly started increasing after 1986, when it first introduced “HOCKEY

TURF BALLS”.

Since then the Flash people had never look back run. The situation now is

that Flash is a famous brand all over India.

Flash is Well-recognized as the products are also being introduced to the local

consumers.

The hand behind the success of this story is the man working for it for the

last 18-19 years and still has high hopes to reach at a particular spot in the

international market.

In disguise, the Flash balls are also competing the “KUKABURBA” balls

and will soon have ago at the ‘ALFA READERS’. Legend International has

a capacity to reach the sky and make a name for itself that every person

gets to know about it not only in India, but also in the rest of the world. This

group is now currently working for the development of trade in India

 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the project lies in an attempt to study the production,

techniques, procedures, systems and technology involved. The type of

products which are produced laid the signs of the technology to be used

and it also becomes important to employ certain other identical procedures

which are complimentary to the process of production of a particular

product. For instance as observed, while making of the Hockey Ball

several steps from weighing of material then mixing and then putting in

moulds and finally heating involves five different steps in making a Ball.

For all five steps, there has to be a different person and suitable machine

and of course the expertise to manage machines and labour together.

This project mainly conveys the different steps undertaken for making

different products, their separate systems and problems faced during the

whole cycle. Every production process involves different problems but in

various cycles the basic theme of the problems may stay identical. This

study has various aspects of the production unit which has to face many

problems in order to run successfully. This study will lead to understanding

the facts that have to be managed perfectly to ensure profitability.

So, this study of production unit of Legend International sport (worldwide)

will give an opportunity to clearly define and note each and every bit of
production process so as to manage the affairs like raw material, their

availability and the lag time between ordering and inventory replenishment.

This study will definitely help to spot the weak points and strong points of

the production cycles of different production units which would in turn

make the system analysis and remedy implementation easy and applicable

in a way to maximize the productional efficiency of the whole unit.

 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Objectives are fie basic steps which are to be kept in mind at the start of

the study and carried in mind throughout the process of the study.

Without any set objectives, the survey will definitely remain less

productive. So the issue of defining objectives is of utmost importance from

the point of view of study. As a matter of fact, the objectives of this detailed

study had to be laid down in advance, so that the study could be carried on

with effect. If the objectives are dear and well defined then whole situation

of the study remains in view all the time thus helping in understanding

each and every bit of work undertaken at any point of time. The objectives

which were kept in mind while undertaking this study are as follows:

1. To gain knowledge about the production of sporting goods.

2. To get the know how about-the type. of atmosphere involved at the

workshop level.

3. To get knowledge about the procedures involved in production of

various products.

4. To remain aware of the machines and equipments, their use and

application.

5. To know about the new developments and technological concepts

applied in the production of sporting goods.

6. To get knowledge about the kind of materials used in production of

various products.

7. To know about the behaviour and efficiency of the labour at

workshop level.

8. To sort cut the various types of problems that may be encountered

by the production managers and the ways and solutions they adopt

for tackling the problems.

9. To get an idea of the cost involved in the production of various

products.

10. To study the effect of Research & Development on production.

11. To study the type of advancement which is still needed in the

production process?
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research survey undertaken is of descriptive type, reason being the

depth of stream to be studied (production). The major purpose of

description study is the description of the stats of affair 8.3 it exists at

present and studying the affairs deeply and throughly in order to extract

each and every important detail from the existing pattern of working. This

type of study helps in knowing all details about the topic put under

research.

Thee type of methodology applied or used for study is Field setting

research.

Field setting is the most appropriate method which could be used in the

study of the production unit. As regards, the work in the survey was to

completely study, all the production processes, the techniques involved,

the working of labour, raw material management etc. So all these tasks

can only be look after if there is complete attendance in the workshop,

noticing each step taken in the production of a product. The field setting

research method was thus preferred to all other methods because here

persona interest and attendance of the surveyor was needed in order to

observe the work so that some conclusions can be drawn from the existing

working conditions and management.

 DATA COLLECTION

The collection of data is never an easy job. For field setting type of

research too, data was needed. So, being the field there was plenty of

primary data and just to increase the validity some books and journals of

the company were studied.

Collection of primary data : Primary data is the data collected from the

original source or the actual source of information, in the case of this study

or survey, there was optimum availability of primary data because every

aspect of producing a product was witnessed and each point was learnt so

as to explore knowledge about production of sporting goods.

Collection of secondary data: Some sports goods production related

books and journals were made available from the company itself so that an

easy understanding could be built up between company's production

processes.
 PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT IN LEGEND

INTERNATIONAL
All the data was available at the workshop level and was understood.

There are some processes of making different products which have been

noted down as under:

Flash classic tennis ball

Production process

It is pressure tennis cricket bail and it has characteristics of non

breakability, non crack ability and long playable life ideal for cricket.

Steps:

1. Preparation of core

a) Firstly mixture sheet made from EVA and other chemicals is

prepared with the help of needle point mixing machine.

b) The thickness of sheet remains nearly 1mm, then sheet are

rapped to give a round shape and put into the moulds.

c) The diameter of the core is 3rnm when mould are locked they

are put in hydraulic heat system which is steam operated. The weight

of core is nearly 55 grams and it is heated for 35 minutes to get

prepared cores. At a time 125 cores can be made in a single

Hydraulic press.
2. Preparation of Ball

After making core, a sticky solution is applied over the core, so that the

cloth can stick strongly. Then expert labour puts cloth over the core and

then ball is again heated for 9-10 times so that doth sticks and balls are

finally ready.

Hockey Balls: are of two types, Astro-turf Dimple Bails and Smooth Hockey

Balls, are made in the ROTOMOULDING

Plant: Legend International are the 1st unit m Asia to manufacture Bails on

this machine. This is a fully automatic plant it includes

1. CONTROL PANEL

2. BURNER

3. ROTATING CHANNELS

4. COLLING SYSTEM

5. DISPENSER FOR FILLING MATERIAL SN MOULDS

6. MOULD RACKETS

7. ARINS

Procedure

The moulds are fitted in the mould racket. The material is put in the mould

with a automatic needle dispenser, 160gm of material is required for

hockey ball, so dispenser is set at 160 point and it injects 160gms of semi-
liquid material in ail moulds. After loading, I the burner shift toward and the

channel starts rotating and arms too. After 20 minutes the burner

automatically moves back and the second loaded arm moves to the

Burner, where as the first one enters cooling chamber, in cooling chamber

both air and water cooling is done, then the Rackets are unloaded from the

Arm and mould’s are opened to get ready Bails.

This machine has a capacity to produce 1642 Balls in 8 hrs.

Football or volley ball etc. : To make football firstly rubber compound is

made which comprises of rubber, chemicals and colour. Three layers of

cloth are needed to be joined so as to make a 3-ply ball.

There is a special machine coiled calendar to paste the rubber compound

and doth together strongly. 8-9 people have to work together at this

machine. After sticking and pasting the sheet is cut to appropriate size.

Then cellophane stamps are put over the sheet and afterwards put for 3

minutes in steam chamber.

This gives finished football sheet but, it is not the end now according to the

size of the ball small pieces is cut and then a kit is prepared comprising of

either 32 panels or 18 panels. Then this kit is stitched with bladder inside

to get a football.
 Hockey and football shinguards : are the protective shields worn by the

players in order to protect themselves from injury to the legs.

This company has about seven types of shinguards which have different

designs and shapes but the basic process of making shinguards is almost

the same.

There is a mould made of C.P. material. An EVA sheet cutting of the same

shape is pasted and stitched along with an elastic then there is a different

socks type anklet protector which is attached to it 13 make the shinguard

complete

So, basically it comprises of

1. C. P. Mould

2. EVA Sheet Pad

3. Elastic

4. Anklet

Cricket bat handle Grips: This item is also one of the rubber chemical

items. As per information Rubber Grip can be made in different size and

design.

Machinery required

1. Hydraulic steam press

2. Moundsl (Rula)
Procedure

1. Firstly the Raw rubber is processed in a mixing machine with the

help of suitable processing rubber chemicals so as to make it ready

for making rubber grip.

2. The about 2-3 mm thick sheet is spread out from the machine.

3. Then, the sheet is cut according to the size and raped around the

mould and then put into the heating press for 70 minutes and then

ready Grip is taken off from the mould.

Sign of good grip

When stretched it should come back to its original form.

 SWOT ANALYSIS

For Legend International's Bail producing unit

SRENGTH

1. Quality

2. Uncrackability

3. Bulk production

4. Use of good quality raw material

5. Meeting international standards

6. Monopoly stayed for over 9 years

7. Better cores inside the balls

8. No complaints

WEAKNESS

 Labour problems

 Rejection from 1st quality (IInd)

 Management problems.

OPPORTUNITY

 To explore in international market.

 To increase sales

 Compete in international market.

 To bring India ahead! in sports line.

THREAT

 Excessive power cuts

 Bulk rejections

 Non supportive government policies

 High. Competition

 Problem of labour management

 No tax relief by Govt.

 Excessive pressure from various Govt. Deptt.

Legend International's sports (worldwide) are a big unit producing sports

goods. The sales for this unit have been increasing' years after years

sometimes slightly and sometimes considerably. This unit actually came

into existence 1933 when it was added to Legend International’s group of

industries. It was a great step taken by manager director of the company.

Since that time the success stones have been coming, in times of 1933,

company started with of 80 lacs, since then it has been increasing its

sales.

Years Crores (Rs.)

2005 0.80

2006 1.45

2007 1.95
Then, in 1S87 came the hi-time when Legend International introduced

India's first hockey turf bail under the brand FLASH, which was a very big

succe33. Since then this company has built its name in Bail producing line.

In these three years there was a great hike in sales.

Years Crores (Rs.)

2005 3.20

2006 4.80

2007 5.75

Then after this period, there was downfall in sales for 2 years due

recession in the sports market.

Years Crores (Rs.)

2005 7.80

2006 8.08

2007 8.18

After a great deal of recession in the year 1991-92, there was a certain

click in the sports market. According to marketing manager of the

company, Mr. CM Jain during that time even the rejected items were sold

at high prices.
After 1995, there was an addition of many items like helmets footballs,

shinguards, bat and hockey, tennis balls etc. This gave a wide scope to

Legend International's market for growing its sales.

Years Crores (Rs.)

2005 10.10
2006 11.5
2007 12.7
 PRODUCTION FOR SUPPLY TO DIFFERENT

MARKETS

20%

Local market
50% India level market
Exports
30%

INTERPRETATION

Production for Export Market is quite high as compare to Local and Indian

level market. This difference is just because the capacity of exporting

goods to various foreign markets in huge manner other that the local

market company has got substantial national market also.

 MAJOR YEARS WHERE COMPARITIVE

INCREASE IN SALES IN RECORDED

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2005 2006 2007

7.80

INTERPRETATION

In year 2005 the Sales was 7.80 which was increase by 3.20 (i.e.10.10).

There was much more increase in 2006 by 4.80 (i.e.11.5) as compared to

Previous year. In year 2007 it showing the growth by adopting new

technology was 12.7crore.

 PEAK YEARS FOR INCREASE IN

PRODUCTION OF BALLS

4
Peak year for
increase in 3
production
2

0
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
No. of Hockey bals producerd per year in lacs

INTERPRETATION

In year 2002-03 production of balls was 2.1 which further increase to 2.5 in

2003. There was much more increase in 2003-04 as compare to previous

year i.e. 4 lakh. In year 2006-07 it showed the growth to 5.5 lakh this is due

to new technology and efficient labour.

 BRAND POSITIONING IN THE LOCAL MARKET

JALANDHAR

5% Flash
15%
35% Jonex
Montex
20% Dixon
25% Others

INTERPRETATION

Legend International Sports supplies 35% to Flash 25% to Jonex 20% to

Montex 15% to Dixon and 5% to other suppliers. Almost covering

the whole local market.

 FOR SUPPLY OF BALLS TO THE INDIAN

EXPORTERS

16%

S-Mark
Others

84%

INTERPRETATION

Legend International Sports has maximum share in supplying balls to

Indian Exporters i.e. 84%. It is due to Brand Loyalty. Production is regular

and quality is good. Production technique is efficient and having new

technology.
 LEGEND INTERNATIONAL SPORTS

(WORLD WIDE)

TYPE OF BUSINESS ORGANISTSON

MATRIX

MR. S. K. PASRICHA

(MANAGING DIRECTOR)

FINANCE DEPTT. PROD & PERSONEL DEPTT. MARKETING DEPTT ACCOUNTS

DEPTT.

INCHARGE INCHARGE INCHARGE INCHARGE

MR. SA81SH MR. SHIVLAL MR. CM. JAIN MR. YELDOSE

PRODUCTION INCHARGE

HOCKEY & CRICKET BALLS SECTION MR.KRISHAN APRASAD

TENNIS BALL SECTION MR. AMAR

SOCCER SECTION MR. BHUSHAN KAPOOR

CORK SECTION MR. GORAKHNATH

PACKING SECTION MR. KOYA

BAT & HOCKEY SECTION MR. NANDA

STOCK INCHARGE MR. KULWANT

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SECTION MR. GORKHANATH

 LIMITATIONS
St was a great pleasure and experience working in Legend International

Sports (World wide). S worked there for about 6 weeks. Every person was

a great help. Assuccess there no major problem during time of study.

Besides all the help and facilities there were some problems like:

a) Situation of the company is very far away, S had to cover

20kms. Daily to reach there.

b) It was very hot in the workshop where I had to stand the whole

day due to hydraulic pressure and steam systems.

c) There was no lunch facility there and I had to move out during

the afternoon time to have food.

d) It was difficult to know exactly about machines in less time.

e) Smell of Rubber and chemicals caused allergy twice because

I was not use to it. After about 10-12 days, I got used to it.

f) There were number of Rubber chemicals used to cure Rubber

it was difficult to remember each of them.

g) Some of the workers in the workshop were not at all

supportive.

h) The foremen aid not discloses the functions of the chemicals

because they wanted them to be kept confidential.

i) It was very difficult get the details of the sales figures.
 CONCLUSION

It was a great experience working in a sports goods manufacturing

company. Since many years we had been using these bats, balls but it

was the hi-time when I learnt how these are made. Every aspect of the unit

was new to me. AH the officials were a great help in the company.

Mr. Shivlal, the production manager, is the oldest person working in the

company. He helped and guided me a lot about the work. It was very

exciting to that about 26 different types of products are being produced

under name of a single company. I saw about 14 types of Bails being

made in the workshop.

Legend International is the main operating unit of Legend International

group of industries Legend International sports has diversity, versatility and

quality that is the basic reason, it is rising in sports industry. Legend

International is a matrix organization, there every, person has, his own

responsibility. Duties of all the supervisors are overlapping.

It is a joint effort unit. This company has been introducing new products in

the sports market and this is a great thing to invest in research and

development too, besides increasing business.

 SUGGESTIONS

While working in Legend International sports (World wide), I came across

many new things- of which I had never thought of. As the time progressed,

I found myself familiar to the processes. As a matter fact the main thing

begin that I went there to learn and study the production department of the

company, no doubt they are handling it very well but at times there are

things which are over looked. Modification and upgrading of the work

system is always necessary because there are always some laggings and

weak points which become a necessity to be over come. Same is the case

with the company. I noted down some points which I think must be

implemented and improved upon. The recommendations are as follows:

1. In the workshop, the temperature becomes high, as a result the workers

felt very uneasy to work. The presses which are operated for heating

purpose make the workshop very hot.

 LEGEND INTERNATIONAL TYPE OF

BUSINESS ORGANISATION

So, Legend International sports need too consider this point. As correction

of this problem will facilitate.

 Good working Environment

 Increase in efficiency of workers.

 Good health of workers

 Increase in productivity

 Quality maintenance

2. Workers work in heat and drink water again and again and thus fall ill.

3. Legend International needs to make afire protection system.

4. The security checks are not up to the mark, regarding movement of

goods and labour in and out of the premises.

5. Need to maintain first aid facility for the accidental situation.

6. The rejection from the 1st quality goods sometimes exceeds the cost line

which should be controlled immediately.

 REFERENCES

1. Monthly issues of all India rubber association journals.

2. Sports goods journal for exports

3. Books on various production processes.

4. History of sports goods.

5. Directory of sports association.

 FINDINGS

 In Legend International Sports production takes place only of

footballs and Hosiery goods and as far as other items are concerned

like shoes, nets, shin guards etc., the concern is a trader of these

items. In case of footballs also only hand stitched footballs are

manufactured by concern. Moulded footballs are purchased from

market in finished form and further sold it by concern.

 In manufacturing wears basically two types of threads are

used - Cotton thread and polyester thread. For stitching purpose

polyester thread is used and for overlapping purpose cotton thread

is used.

 When the balls are manufactured, these balls are properly

tested in factory by inflating it with air through compressor pumps.

The balls are left for testing for atleast one night.

 I have found that mainly three types of balls are manufactured:

- PVC ball, PU balls & synthetic balls. PVC balls are cheaper than

PU balls. PU balls are of superior quality and when PU sheets are

purchased from local market, a cloth is pasted with it with adhesive

material and in case of PVC sheet, cloth is pasted with it with latex
 and in case of synthetic sheet, it is already printed and cloth is

pasted with it, when these are purchased from local market.

 There is no union among workers in this concern. There is

very good relation between employees and mgt. There is hardly any

idle time while manufacturing. Hosiery goods because to solve

electrical problem, there are 2 generators installed in factory and

one permanent electrician on monthly basis is employed. Thus it

avoids stoppage of production.

 The main difference between various balls like football,

volleyball, handball etc. is of weight & size like the std. size for

football is 68.5 - 68.5 cms. & weight is 440 - 445 Gms. The size &

weight of handball for men, women & junior is also different like size

of handball for men is 58-60 cms. & weight is 425 - 475 gms. and

size of hand- ball for women and junior is 54-56 cms. & weight is

325-400 gms. Moreover, football is generally of 32 panels.

 To make the Legend International Sports more and stronger

Govt. on this part had really tried its best so that this Industry could

flourish. Moreover, due to natural factors in our country industry

enjoys a lot of benefit, as the raw material is available in abundance.

The industry has shown considerably progress during last few years
 and it is posted for further growth in coming years, its products are

being exported to several countries and their demand in the market

is rising.

 The Govt. of India has really helped the sports goods industry

to explore new markets round the world. The best example is of

India's export to many African countries and South Africa which has

now turned into one of the major market for Indian Sports industry.

The Govts. With the help of its delegations to different countries has

created a global market for sports goods. It has helped the Industry

to come up with new range of product in camping equipments, other

winter games, golf, polo etc. to increase its scope worldwide.

 Trade fairs organised worldwide has helped industry to

show its worth. The annual trade fairs in Germany and America and

even in India always acts as a major contributor for increasing

exports of sports goods, as the sports goods industry in India is very

export oriented, more than 60% of India's production of sports goods

are exported.
 SUGGESTIONS

 Legend International Sports should avoid manufacturing defective

balls which will reduce their cost of manufacture. Thus proper care must be

taken in case of "Damages."

 Legend International Sports have a vast future if proper attention is

given for manufacture of traditional as well as non-traditional items,

although as well as non-traditional items, although sports Industry face

stiff competition at international market. The nature of the manufacturing of

the sports goods issue that there is very little scope for mechanisation. In

view of this, the need to train more & more skilled artisans in the

manufacture of sports goods can give boost to industry. Full attention

should be given for training of industry workers who could specialise not

only in production of traditional items but also in the manufacture of non-

traditional items. Because it is a perennial labour intensive firm as its

mechanisation even in the future seems to be remote.

 Legend International Sports must improve their purchasing policy, s

raw material is purchased by the company as per the orders and it may

create difficulty at the time of emergency.

 It further requires proper planning of production. Planning should

be made regarding that the how much units of various items should
 produce, so that company can meet consumer's demand any time,

moreover there should not be over production.

 Packing should be of fine quality. So that goods should be reached

to the ultimate consumer safely. Moreover, packing should be attractive

and it should not be very costly also.

 Legend International Sports must enlarge their range of products.

Legend International Sports Is trader of various items like Shoes, Nets,

and Shin Guards etc? Company should try manufacture these items at

minimum cost so that more profit can be earn by company.

 Price range should be reasonable so that middle class can easily

afford for their products. It range of product is not low then middle class

people, who give more stress on price, will shift to the cheaper substitute.

 Product development & newer market development would have to

go hand to hand. The firm needs to diversify its product range & should go

for production of non-traditional items like Ice-hockey. Accessories, Hi-

tech, physical fitness equipment, Goft camping, Hunting, Hiking,

Mountaineering, Hang Gliding equipments etc. This would require an up

gradation of technology. In turn it would not only help the firm to augment

their export but also to build up a reputation for reliability & quality which
 will fetch them dividends in long run and achieve newer heights and cross

furthest horizons of success.

 Proper professionalisation should be adopted in company.

 Proper advertisement should be made. Main media of advertisement

of company is press. Company should adopt new Medias of advertisement

also like advertisement through T.V. etc.

 With the above suggestions, Indian Sports Exporters will keep up

country's tricolor flying at the top amongst all the countries.

 PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

Production Management is primarily concerned with formulation and

design of various production policies. Production Management involving

planning, organising, directing and controlling the production function or

production system — a sub system of the business enterprise which itself

is the sub-system of its environment. Production management is the

process of effectively, planning, programming, co-coordinating and

controlling production i.e. the operations of that part of an enterprise.

Which is responsible for the actual transformation of materials into finished

products? It deals with man-machine organisation to accomplish both

productivity and satisfaction the desirable end results. Production function

has assumed great importance as a key function in all industrial

undertakings. All other functions revolve around this function. The

activities of production are independent of the size of the undertaking. In a

small concern one person may be undertaking this function whereas in

large organizations this activity may be undertaken by various individuals

or separate teams. The success / failure of an enterprise are dependent

upon the extent of care and accuracy with which production function is

managed. The performance of this function with rationality and

scientifically will help an undertaking to achieve its organisational

objectives.

Production is the creation of goods and services. In relation to goods,

production is the fabrication of a physical object through the use of men,

materials and equipment; whereas with reference to services, production is

the discharge of a function which has some utility. This interpretation of

production activity is very broad one and it doesn't coincide with the

commonly used practice of associating it with manufacturing process only.

DEFINITION OF PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

According to Elwood S. Buffa, "In a broader sense production

management is concerned with co-ordination of materials, men, methods,

machines and money in manufacturing goods. In a narrow sense it means

planning, scheduling, and controlling the flow of materials through a plant.

(i) This definition limits the scope of production of an enterprise

which are associated with the transformation process of input into

output. The definition does not include the human factors involved in

a production process. It lays stress on materialistic features only.

(ii) Production Management deals with decision making related to

production process Is that the resulting goods and services are

 produced in accordance with the quantitative specification and

demand schedule with minimum costs.

(iii) Production Management is a set of general principles for production

economies, facility design, job design, schedule design, quality

control, inventory control, and work study and cost budgetary

control.

This definition explains the main areas of an enterprise where the

principles of production management can be applied. This definition clearly

points out that production management is not a set of techniques.

It is evident from the above definition that production planning and

its control are the main characteristics of production management. In the

case of poor planning and control of production activities the organisation

may not be able to attain its objectives and may result in loss of customer’s

confidence and retardation in the progress of the establishment. In short

the main activities of production management can be listed as:-

(i) Specification and procurement of input resources namely

management, material and land, labour, equipment and capital.

(ii) Production design and development to determine the production

process for transforming the input factors into output of goods and

services.
(iii) Supervision and control of transformation process for efficient

Production of goods and services.

Production can be seen in the form of goods and services provided \

factories, offices, hospitals, markets, etc. The production process consists

of number of activities and operations. These operations and activities can

combinations and orders to achieve the desired objectives. The operations

be purchase of raw material, maintenance of inventory, transportation of

good etc. associated in production management are such that the

production manager should have the capability as well as the aptitude to

use qualitative are quantitative methods of analysis to get the desired

solutions.

The inputs can be raw materials, components, paper work etc. whereas

outputs are completed parts, products, paper work output, services and

sera The manufacturing system may, therefore, be viewed as an inter

depend group of sub-systems, each related to its successor, each

performing a different function through yet united with others for

achievement of the overall system objectives. It interacts with both internal

and external environment.

 BENEFITS OF GOOD

PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

Essence of good production management centers sound a trio of fore-

casting, planning and control to production. Modern management of

production uses scientific methods and disciplines. The results of good

production management are reflected in the serving of many interested

parties in production machine of a nation.

1. The Consumer

The consumer benefits from higher productivity, better and reliable

quality, reasonable price, satisfactory service, and timely as

well as speedy delivery of goods.

2. The Investors

When the enterprise has good production management, it is

prosperous. The investors get higher return of income and their

investments obtain capital appreciation also. Market value of

securities governed by the earning power and asset value of the

business.

3. The Community

When all business as operating in the community is prosperous due

to best production management, we have economic and social

 stability and the citizens of that community have both pride and

satisfaction.

4. The Suppliers

Small or large companies depend upon other companies as source

raw materials, components and services. We have effective co-

operation, be inter communication and mutual confidence between

the businesses buyers are their suppliers. The company and its

suppliers can have enduring partnership satisfaction to both.

5. The Employees

The employees including the management get higher remuneration,

stable employment, security of jobs, better working conditions, and

above alt enhanced personal satisfaction through sense of

achievement. Please note that productivity and satisfaction are

closely interdependent. High employee moral productivity and

satisfaction are closely interdependent. High employee morale due

to job satisfaction gives higher output.

6. The Nation

When all industries in the national economic system demonstrate

good production management, the entire national economy will

accomplish all round security and prosperity.

Major activities included under the production management are:

(1) Product planning and development i.e., evaluation of new products

and designing of those products on the basis of specific demands

received from marketing or sales department.

(2) Production Administration which deals with three specialised parts

Of production activity, name:

(a) Production engineering,

(b) Production planning,

(c) Production control.

(3) Execution of plans, policies and decisions, i.e., implementation

function. Here we have actual operations of manufacturing

processing of inputs into outputs. Please note that implementation of

decisions is a continuous managerial function involving direction and

motivation of people at work to get things done through them.

(4) Dependent services and departments, e.g., standardisation

simplification, specialisation, inspection and quality control inventory

control, research and development, diversification employee

amenities, etc.
 QUESTIONNAIRE

1. How often to you feel that an employee’s career is harmed in the

organization?
a) Almost always
b) Usually
c) Sometimes
d) Rarely
e) Almost never
2. To what extent do the superiors and the knowledgeable colleagues take
pains to help an employee who wants to learn more about his job?
a) To a great extent
b) To a considerable extent
c) To some extent
d) To a little extent
e) Not at all
3. Do people here get an opportunity to develop their skills
a) Almost all the people
b) Most of the people
c) Some of the people
d) A few people
e) Almost none
4. How much do you agree with the statement that this organization is
better than other similar organizations in the country to work in?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Neither agree not disagree
d) Disagree
e) Strongly disagree
5. “There is a general feeling here that grievances of the employees are
handled properly.” To what extent do you agree with his statement?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Neither agree nor disagree
d) Disagree
e) Strongly disagree
6. Do you agree that almost everyone here knows who is working under
whom in this organization?
a) Strongly disagree
b) Disagree
c) Neither agree nor disagree
d) Agree
e) Strongly agree
7. To what extent do people in your department encourage one another in
work?
a) Not at all
b) To a little extent
c) To some extent
d) To a considerable extent
e) To a very great extent
8. Is the organization receptive to new ideas?
a) It is never receptive
b) It is sometimes receptive
c) It is often receptive
d) Almost always receptive
e) Always receptive
9. “The general feeling here is that people do not get fair hearing from
those who are higher up.” How much do you agree with it?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Neither agree nor disagree
d) Disagree
e) Strongly disagree
10. To what extent do you feel that the employees here are allowed to
make decision to solve their problems without checking them with their
superiors at each stage of the work?
a) To a very great extent
b) To a great extent
c) To some extent
d) To a little extent
e) Not at all
11. Is there a general feeling amongst the employees of your level that
anybody can be removed from his job at any time?
a) Almost all the employees feel so
b) Most of the employees feel so
c) Some of the employees feel so
d) A few employees feel so
e) None of the employees feel so
12. How often the rewards (such as raise in salary and promotions) are
giving strictly on the basis of valid reasons?
a) Almost always
b) Usually
c) Sometimes
d) Rarely
e) Almost never
13. To what extent are people in the higher levels aware of the problems
of lower levels in this organization?
a) Not at all
b) To a very little extent
c) To some extent
d) To a considerable extent
e) To a very great extent
14. How often do you have advance information of any changes which
are planned?
a) Almost always
b) Usually
c) Sometimes
d) Rarely
e) Almost never
15. Which of the following best descries the manner in which problems
between departments are generally resolved?
a) The problems are worked out at the level, where they appeared,
though mutual effort and understanding
b) Very few of them feel happy to leave this organization
c) Some of them feel happy to leave this organization
d) Most of them feel happy to leave this organization
e) All of them feel happy to leave this organisation
16. How much do you think the top management of this organization is
aware of the working condition of its employees?
a) Not at all aware
b) Very little aware
c) Somewhat aware
d) Much aware
e) Very much aware
17. How often are the employees in this organization helpful to each
other?
a) Almost never
b) Rarely
c) Sometimes
d) Usually
e) Almost always
18. Do you agree that in this organization the capabilities of its employees
are fully utilized?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Neither agree nor disagree
d) Disagree
e) Strongly disagree
19. How often do you think the professional jealousies obstruct the
performance of duties in this organization?
a) Almost always
b) Usually
c) Sometimes
d) Rarely
e) Almost never
20. Do the employees here work with a team spirit?
a) Team spirit does not exists at all
b) Team spirit exists in a few members
c) Team spirit exists in quite a few members
d) Team spirit exists in many members
e) Team spirit exists in almost all the members
21. Are there things around you working environment (people, polices,
conditions) that discourage you from working hard?
a) Yes, practically everything around here discourages me from
working hard
b) Yes, a great many things around here discourage me from working
hared; only a few do not discourage me
c) About as many things discourage me as encourage me to work hard
d) No, most things around here encourage me to work hard
e) No, practically everything around here encourages me to work hard.
1.

2003 9.70

2004 9.51

2005 9.75

2006 10.10

2007 12.5
 PRODUCTION FOR SUPPLY TO DIFFERENT MARKETS

Table 5

Market % of supply
Local 20%

India level 30%

Export 50%

20%

Local
50% India level
Export

30%

Figure 1

Interpretation

The above figure shows that the major part of Legend International’s produce is

exported.
MAJOR YRS WHERE COMPARATIVE INCREASE IN SALES IS
RECORDED
Table 6
Year Sales
1 1.95
2 6.75
3 8.18
4 10.1
5 12.5

14 12.5
12
Sales pre year in crore

10.1
10
8.18
8 6.75
6 5
4
4 3
1.95 2
2 1

0
1 2 3 4 5
Years

Figure 2
Interpretations

The above figure that the sales of the company have increased since the

company flourished.
 PEAK YEARS FOR INCREASE IN PRODUCTION IN (LACS)
Table 7

Years No. of balls produced

2002-2003 2

2003-2004 2.4

2004-2005 4

2005-2006 4.3

2006-2007 6

7
Peak year for increse in production

6
6

5 4.3
4
4

3 2.4
2
2

0
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
No. of Hckey balls produced per year in lacs

Figure 3

Interpretation

This shows that these have been a tremendous increase production throughout

the year.
 BRAND POSITIONING IN THE LOCAL MARKET,
JALANDHAR
Table 8
Brands Market share
Flash 35%

Jonex 25%

Montex 20%

Dixon 15%

Others 5%

5%
15%

35% Flash
Jonex
Montex
Dixon
20%
Others

25%

Figure 4

Interpretations

The above figure shows that Legend International’s brand i.e. “FLASH”

holds a major share in the markets

FOR SUPPLY OF BALLS TO THE INDIAN EXPORTERS

Figure 5

16%

Others
S-Mark

84%
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS NAME NAME EDITION

OF AUTHOR PUBLISHER

Research Methodology Kothari C. R. Wishwa 2000

Production operations Goel B. S. Pragati 2000

Management Prakashan

History of Sports Kapoor G.

JOURNALS

NAME OF EDITOR

Rubber India June, 2002

Rubber India September, 2002

WEBSITES
www.Legend Internationalsportsworldwide.com

www.sportsline.com

OTHER REFERENCES
Directory of the sports association (Jalandhar)
 TEACHERS CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the training report titled “Production Process of

Legend International Sport Goods” submitted towards the partial fulfillment

of the requirement of bachelor of commerce under the seal of Guru Nanak

Dev University, Amritsar. This is a bonafide and original work carried out

by Isha Sharma a student of B.Com (Prof) II year from H.R.M.M.V,

Jalandhar under my guidance with all the best wishes.

Supervisor

Miss. Kajal Vij

 STUDENT DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the dissertation entitled Production Process

of Legend International Sports Goods submitted in the partial

fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of

Commerce – Professional (II Year) to Guru Nanak Dev

University, Amritsar is my original work.

Place : Jalandhar ISHA SHARMA

Date : Roll No. 3793
 A
Project Report
On
Production Management
In
M/s. Legend International

Submitted to Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar

In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE (PROF.) – II

Supervised By : Submitted By:

Miss. Kajal Vij Isha Sharma
Lecturer in Commerce B.Com (Prof.) – II
Roll No. 3793
Regd. No.
Univ. No.
HANS RAJ MAHILA MAHA VIDYALAYA,
JALANDHAR