Foundations

Cofferdams & Caissons

Prepared By:
Manthan Bhandari
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE Assistant Professor
 COFFERDAMS
It is a temporary structure constructed in the River or lake or any other water body
for excluding the water from the given site to enable the building operation to be
performed in dry surface.
COFFERDAMS
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
Earthen Cofferdam

Rock Fill Cofferdam

Single Walled Cofferdam

Double Wall Cofferdam Constructed in the place where Depth of the water is not much
(1.3 to 1.8m)

Crib Cofferdam Top length of the bank is not less than 1 m

Side slop may very by 1:1.5 to 1:2

Cellular Cofferdam
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
Earthen Cofferdam

Rock Fill Cofferdam

Single Walled Cofferdam

Double Wall Cofferdam Constructed in the place where Depth of the water is not much
(1.8 to 3m)

Crib Cofferdam This construction is adopted if Stone is easily available in nearby area.

Cellular Cofferdam
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
Earthen Cofferdam
Rock Fill Cofferdam
Single Walled Cofferdam
Double Wall Cofferdam
Crib Cofferdam
Cellular Cofferdam
Constructed in the place where area to
be enclosed is very small and Depth of
the water is more(4.5 to 6m)
Timber pile say Guide Pile first driven
into the deep Ground.
Depending to the Current of the water
Distance bw two piles are very from
1.8m to 4m.
Longitudinal runners called Wales and
are secured to the Wales by bolts.
After it Steel or wood sheet pile is
driven into the river bad.
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
For enclosed larger area in deep water.
Earthen Cofferdam Double wall Cofferdam used when depth of
the water is 12m.

Rock Fill Cofferdam Distance bw two wall depends upon the

depth of water

Single Walled Cofferdam Upto 3 m

Thickness of the wall = Depth of the Water

Double Wall Cofferdam

For grater then 3 m
Thickness of the wall = 3 +
Crib Cofferdam the depth of water in excess of
3 m.

Cellular Cofferdam
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
Earthen Cofferdam

Filled with earth

Rock Fill Cofferdam or stones.

Timber

Single Walled Cofferdam

Wooden
Double Wall Cofferdam Crib

Crib Cofferdam

Used in deep water where it is difficult to penetrate guide pile.

Cellular Cofferdam
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
Earthen Cofferdam Circular type
Cellular Cofferdam
Each Cell act as a self supporting
Rock Fill Cofferdam Independent Unit.
Diaphragm type
cellular cofferdam.
Maximum permissible Dia. is 21m
Single Walled Cofferdam

Double Wall Cofferdam

Crib Cofferdam

Cellular Cofferdam
Constructed for depth of 18 to 21 m.
 CLASSIFICATION OF COFFERDAMS
Earthen Cofferdam Circular type
Cellular Cofferdam

Rock Fill Cofferdam

Diaphragm type
cellular cofferdam.

Single Walled Cofferdam

Double Wall Cofferdam

Crib Cofferdam

Cellular Cofferdam
Constructed for depth of 18 to 21 m.
 CLASSIFICATION OF CAISSONS
Open Single wall open
Caisson
Caissons

Box Cylindrical open

Caisson
Caissons

Pneumatic Open Caisson with

dredging wells.
Caisson

OPEN CAISSON
 CLASSIFICATION OF CAISSONS
Open Single wall open
Caisson
Caissons

Box Cylindrical open

Caisson
Caissons

Pneumatic Open Caisson with

dredging wells.
Caisson

OPEN CAISSON
 CLASSIFICATION OF CAISSONS
Open
Caissons

Box
Caissons

Pneumatic
Caisson

OPEN CAISSON
 CLASSIFICATION OF CAISSONS
Open This type of Construction is suitable for Depth renging
Caissons from 25m to 40m.

Box The person working inside the caisson for sinking

operation are liable to get caisson disease. (Resulting from
Caissons the expansion of bubbles of air trapped on joints, muscles
etc.)

Pneumatic
Caisson

OPEN CAISSON
Any Questions? Thank You