PRAJDHARA

ESSAYS ON
ASIAN ART, HISTORY, EPIGRAPHY AND CULTURE
in Honour of
Gouriswar Bhattacharya

VOLUME I

Edited by

Gerd J.R. Mevissen

and
Arundhati Banerji

2008
Kaveri Books
New Delhi - 110 002
Preface

The editors are extremely delighted to present this volume Prajdhara Essays on Asian Art, History, Epigra-
phy and Culture to Gouriswar Bhattacharya, a stalwart on every aspect of Indian Art and Indological studies. It
is this vastness of his knowledge that enabled him to contribute enormously on the Hindu and Buddhist art, ico-
nography and epigraphy, the subjects which he taught in many universities, museums and research institutes
during his long and eventful career.
Dr. Bhattacharya was born in 1924 at English Bazar, Malda, in then undivided Bengal. After obtaining his
M.A. degree in 1950 from Calcutta University in Sanskrit with specialization in Vedic studies, grammar, philo-
logy, rhetoric, iconography and epigraphy, he taught Sanskrit and epigraphy in the Vishva-Bharati University,
Shantiniketan, West Bengal, where he also served as Keeper of Sanskrit Manuscripts from 1951-55. He later
joined the Epigraphy Branch, Ootacamund (now at Mysore ), of the Archaeological Survey of India to assist the
eminent epigraphist Dr. Dinesh Chandra Sircar. In 1961 he moved to Europe to pursue modern painting. In 1962
he joined the University of Basle, Switzerland, to study Sanskrit under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Alfred Bloch, as
well as French and English literature. After completing his studies he was awarded the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy by the University of Basle in 1967.
Dr. Bhattacharyas association with the Berlin Museum of Indian Art (now Asian Art Museum) is also
significant as he served here from 1968 for a period of over two decades along with Prof. Dr. Herbert Hrtel.
Even today many students are fortunate to study under his guidance Indian art history, iconography and epi-
graphy, as he is still teaching at the Free University, Berlin, to keep himself moving from one part of the world
to the other. Very recently he delivered lectures on Indian art at the Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, besides
many other institutions in Kolkata, Banares, Dhaka and Bangkok.
To honour this great scholar, we proposed to bring out this volume containing papers devoted to a wide
range of subjects. These are contributed by scholars from different organizations and countries from all over the
world who are engaged in the studies on Asian art, history, epigraphy and culture. There are a total of fifty-one
papers with contributions on Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina art and iconography, architecture, painting, epigraphy,
numismatics, history and religious studies. The volume is presented to Dr. Gouriswar Bhattacharya to wish him
a long, active and healthy life to share his intellectual wealth with the academic world. We also seek his blessings
in all our academic endeavour. Hope this volume with its rich contents will be highly appreciated by the scholars
of art history and allied subjects.
To achieve our goal we invited papers in 2007. We are thankful to all our contributors for their overwhelm-
ing support without which it would not have been possible for us to bring out this volume so soon. We also would
like to place on record the services rendered by Shri Rakesh Goel of Kaveri Books who promptly agreed to take
up this project. We express our warm thanks to him for its speedy publication.
EDITORS
 Editorial Remarks xiii

I
came to know Dr. Gouriswar Bhattacharya in the 1980s, soon after starting my studies in Indian Art
History at the Free University in Berlin. By that time he had already worked for almost two decades
in the then Museum of Indian Art and after his retirement had taken up teaching in the Institute of
Indian Philology and Art History. Soon he became one of my most influential teachers, and indeed it
was him who persuaded me while still being a student to present a paper at the South Asian Archae-
ology Conference 1989 at Paris, the bi-annual, internationally renowned conference which he used to
attend from the early 1980s. Since then, every second year we both attended the conference together,
and gradually through him I was introduced to the world of scholars in which he was an integral part
since long. I also became a regular guest to GBs (as he is known to his German friends) parties,
gatherings at his residence in Zillestrae, to which he used to invite scholars from abroad when they
visited Berlin, always serving delicious Bengali food prepared by himself. These gatherings often
resulted in very animated discussions and fostered the exchange of information among the scholars,
thus making his home a veritable hub of the Indological world where the East meets the West.
By the mid-1990s, when the computerized style of preparing manuscripts of articles for pub-
lication became standard a type of modernity that till today has somehow remained alien to him
I gradually became his personal secretary. This was not an easy task since contrary to the usual
practice Gouriswar Bhattacharyas output of research papers did not decrease with age but increased
considerably over the years, as can be seen in his List of Publications on the following pages. In fact,
this list also shows clearly a very special feature of his work as a research scholar, namely that he
started writing articles quite late he was already well in his 50s when his first (and seminal) article on
Nandin and Vabha was published in 1977 and that the frequency of writing steadily increased after
his retirement from the Museums work, reaching a yearly output of up to five research papers plus
contributions to catalogues, etc., in the last decade of the past and the first decade of the present mil-
lennium, when he already left his 70s and entered his 80s. His productivity is still far from decreasing,
and I sincerely hope it will continue for long despite the considerable amount of time-consuming
computerizing work that keeps me busy but which, on the other hand, gives me the privilege to be the
first reader of his always innovative and well-founded arguments.
When Dr. Arundhati Banerji approached me with the idea to act as co-editor of a proposed felici-
tation volume in honour of Dr. Gouriswar Bhattacharya, I felt indeed very honoured, and I immediately
signalled my agreement, but for securing a volume really adequate and worth to honour such an emi-
nent and meticulous scholar I imposed a few conditions. This was generated on the one hand from
numerous critical comments of GB in which he pointed out editorial mistakes and inconsistencies
which resulted in distorting the meaning of what the authors originally intended to say, and on the other
hand from my own work of having edited some twenty books and volumes of journals, which had made
me aware of the traps an editor can fall into when he is not careful enough. Thus I requested that firstly
the whole typesetting and formatting had to be done by myself, and secondly that every contributor
would get annotated proofs including the illustrations in order to avoid wrong references, incon-
sistent diacritics, misleading captions, wrong hyphenation, etc.
The response to the invitation of contributing articles to the volume was overwhelming. We soon
received numerous articles from Indian as well as international scholars, and in summer 2007 I could
start preparing the files. While working on the papers, I frequently noticed that some contributors were
not aware of certain articles by GB (and by other authors too) directly relating to their subject. So I
made it a point of informing them and often sending them the scanned article(s) in order to secure
xiv Prajdhara Essays in Honour of Gouriswar Bhattacharya

proper reference to the writings of GB in the volume dedicated to him. Secondly, I often demanded
missing bibliographical details as it was my aim to follow a certain standardized type of bibliography.
I may have annoyed some authors by doing this, but it was necessary to achieve our aim. In many cases
I also counter-checked the references with the original publications and was thus able to eliminate
typing errors, etc. Thirdly, the use of diacritics has been standardized. In certain instances I corrected
wrong diacritics or suggested a modification which was welcomed in most cases, but in a few the
respective author declined the correction and insisted on wrong spellings, which was of course ac-
cepted by me, because eventually every author is responsible for his/her contribution. Thus, I also did
not change the spelling of Bodhisattva or Vajrasattva to satva, although GB himself is very adamant
about the correctness of the latter spelling, as evidenced in various notes in his articles (see also nos. 91
and 108 in the List of Publications). Fourthly, I worked quite hard on enhancing the illustrations to
extract the best possible quality, and I tried to arrange them in a way that meaningful clusters of plates
would emerge.
In view of the fact that GBs research covers many different regions and aspects of Asian art,
history and epigraphy, and since he is indeed a really cosmopolitan person every year he has been
travelling to different Asian as well as western countries the editors decided to organize the contribu-
tions in this volume according to distinct geographical regions, starting with Gandhra in the west of
the Indian subcontinent and stretching to Central Asia in the north and Cambodia in the east. By this
scheme it is also ensured that the various aspects of a certain region art and architecture, iconography,
epigraphy, numismatics, history, religion, etc. are grouped within the same section of the volume.
So far, two publications have been dedicated to Dr. Gouriswar Bhattacharya. The first is Volume
4, 1999, of the Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), edited by Enamul Haque. The weighty volume (520
pages) contains the papers presented at the Third International Congress on Bengal Art held at Raj-
shahi, Bogra and Dhaka in February 1999 (i.e. on GBs 75th birthday); it is subtitled Gouriswar Bhatta-
charya Volume and bears a preface titled Gouriswar-Praasti. The second volume is titled Interaction
Between Brhmaical and Buddhist Art (Lucknow/Varanasi/New Delhi 2004), edited by R.C. Sharma,
containing papers presented at the International Seminar on Interaction Between Brhmaical and
Buddhist Art held at Varanasi in February 2003 (i.e. on GBs 79th birthday); it is dedicated to both
Professor Herbert Hrtel & Dr. Gouriswar Bhattacharya. Thus, the present volume is the third in this
line, and it is hoped that more will follow.
The title of the present volume, Prajdhara, originally suggested by an American contributor,
was readily accepted by the editors; although the term obviously does not exist in Sanskrit language, it
is nonetheless quite an appropriate title for GBs Festschrift (as well as for GB himself), since he has
enlightened the world of scholars with his knowledge.
Finally I would like to quote a short passage from a letter written by the well-known scholar
R.C. Agrawala from Jaipur and sent to Dr. Bhattacharya in January 1996:
I value your writings for your scientific approach and deep probe into epigraphical mate-
rial. Indian scholars here are not in a position to go into literary texts like yourself and
Dr. N.P. Joshi. You are the only scholar outside India who is well versed both in Epigraphy,
Art and Literature. I wish you a long healthy life in the service of goddess Saraswati.
So do I.
Gerd Mevissen
Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008)

MONOGRAPHS

(1) Studies in the Concept of raddh in Post-Vedic Hinduism. Dissertation for the acquirement of the degree
of Doctor of Philosophy submitted to the Faculty of Philosophy and History of the University of Basle
[1967]. Berlin: Dissertationsdruckstelle, 1971. [129 pages]
(2) Essays on Buddhist Hindu Jain Iconography & Epigraphy. Edited by Enamul Haque. Dhaka: The Inter-
national Centre for Study of Bengal Art, 2000. (Studies in Bengal Art Series No. 1.) [654 pages]. (Review
by Asok Kumar Das in Mrg (Mumbai), Vol. 53, No. 4, June 2002: 108-109)
(3) Gag Viupad Ngin (1st Kumar Sarat Kumar Roy Memorial Lecture, delivered on 20th March
2002). Kolkata: Centre for Archaeological Studies & Training, Eastern India, 2003. [24 pages & 24 plates]

RESEARCH PAPERS
1977
(4) Nandin and Vabha. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlndischen Gesellschaft, Supplement III, 2: XIX.
Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 28. September bis 4. Oktober 1975 in Freiburg im Breisgau. Herausgegeben
von Wolfgang Voigt. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1977: 1545-1567. [Republished in (2) 2000: 149-
172, 552-554]
1980
(5) Stpa as Maitreyas Emblem. The Stpa: Its Religious, Historical and Architectural Significance. Edited by
Anna Libera Dallapiccola. Wiesbaden, 1980: 100-111. (Beitrge zur Sdasienforschung, Sdasien-Institut
Universitt Heidelberg, Band 55.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 17-27, 507-511]

1982
(6) Susilpin Amrita. Journal of the Epigraphical Society of India [Bharatiya Purabhilekha Patrika] (Being Vol.
IX of Studies in Indian Epigraphy) (Dharwar), Vol. 9, 1982: 20-22. [Republished in (2) 2000: 363-365]
(7) A Second Dated Tr Image of the Reign of Devapla. Indian Museum Bulletin (Calcutta), Vol. XVII, 1982:
21-23.
(8) Wer waren die Auftraggeber der Werksttten Mathurs? (Inschriftlicher Befund). Knstler und Werkstatt in
den orientalischen Gesellschaften. Herausgegeben von Adalbert J. Gail. Graz/Austria: Akademische Druck-
u. Verlagsanstalt, 1982: 109-118.
xvi Prajdhara

1983
(9) A Fragmentary Dedicatory Inscription of Purnarakhsita [sic]. Journal of the Epigraphical Society of India
[Bharatiya Purabhilekha Patrika] (Being Vol. X of Studies in Indian Epigraphy) (Dharwar), Vol. 10, 1983:
36-40, pl. III, [i]-[iii].

1984
(10) Representation of Nandin in Medieval Stone Sculptures from Bengal. Indian Studies. Essays presented in
memory of Prof. Niharranjan Ray. Edited by Amita Ray, H. Sanyal & S.C. Ray. Delhi, n.d. [1984]: 131-
137. [Republished in (2) 2000: 173-180, 554-556]
(11) On the fragmentary, bi-scriptual pedestal inscription from Mathur. Indian Museum Bulletin (Calcutta),
Vol. XIX, 1984 [1986]: 27-30. [Republished in (2) 2000: 367-371, 619]

1985
(12) The Newly Discovered Buddhist Temple at Nland. South Asian Archaeology 1983. Papers from the
Seventh International Conference of the Association of South Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe,
held in the Muses Royaux dArt et dHistoire, Brussels. Edited by Janine Schotsmans & Maurizio Taddei.
Naples, 1985: 719-740. (Istituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di Studi Asiatici, Series Minor
XXIII.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 43-49, 519-526]
(13) Two Interesting Items of the Pla Period (A token of gratitude to the late Professor D.C. Sircar). Berliner
Indologische Studien (Reinbek), Vol. 1, 1985: 135-147, figs. 1-5. [Republished in (2) 2000: 373-383, 619-
620]

1986
(14) A special type of Devi figure from Bihar and Bengal. Facets of Indian Art. A symposium held at the
Victoria and Albert Museum on 26, 27, 28 April and 1 May 1982. Edited by Robert Skelton, Andrew
Topsfield, Susan Stronge & Rosemary Crill. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1986: 33-40. [Re-
published in (2) 2000: 181-187, 556-559]
(15) Notes on Three Inscribed Buddhist Sculptures. Dnea-Vandan. D.C. Sircar Commemoration Volume (=
Journal of Ancient Indian History, Vol. XV, Pts. 1-2, 1984-85). Edited by Samaresh Bandyopadhyay.
Calcutta, 1986: 194-211. [Republished in (2) 2000: 51-60, 527-528]
(16) Two inscribed Buddhist images from the Museum of Indian Art, Berlin. Deyadharma. Studies in Memory
of Dr. D. C. Sircar. Edited by Gouriswar Bhattacharya. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1986: 29-45.
[Republished in (2) 2000: 61-73, 529-532]
(17) Identification of a strange relief from Bihar. South Asian Studies (London), Vol. 2, 1986: 45-51. [Repub-
lished in (2) 2000: 189-195, 560-562]

1987
(18) A Solitary Illustration of Eight Lokaplas from South Bihar. South Asian Studies (London), Vol. 3, 1987:
63-70. [Republished in (2) 2000: 205-214, 564-565]
(19) Four interesting votive slabs from Bihar-Bengal. Oriental Art (Richmond), N.S. Vol. XXXIII, No. 1,
Spring 1987: 84-94.
 Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008) xvii

(20) Three bronze images of the Snake-goddess from Bihar. Kusumjali. New Interpretation of Indian Art and
Culture. Sh. C. Sivaramamurti Commemoration Volume. Edited by M.S. Nagaraja Rao. Delhi, 1987, Vol.
II: 339-344. [Republished in (2) 2000: 215-221, 566-567]
(21) Dna-Deyadharma: Donation in Early Buddhist Records (in Brhm). Investigating Indian Art. Proceedings
of a Symposium on the Development of Early Buddhist and Hindu Iconography held at the Museum of
Indian Art Berlin in May 1986. Edited by Marianne Yaldiz & Wibke Lobo. Berlin, 1987: 39-60. (Verf-
fentlichungen des Museums fr Indische Kunst Berlin, Vol. 8.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 385-406, 621-
624]
(22) The God Pradyumnevara and Two Interesting Hari-Hara Figures from South Bihar. East and West
(Rome), Vol. 37, Nos. 1-4, December 1987: 297-307. [Republished in (2) 2000: 197-203, 562-563]

1988
(23) The New Pla Ruler Mahendrapla: Discovery of a Valuable Charter. South Asian Studies (London), Vol.
4, 1988: 71-73. [Republished in (2) 2000: 407-410, 624]
(24) The Physician Poets of Magadha. Sraddhnjali. Studies in Ancient Indian History (D.C. Sircar Comme-
moration Volume). Edited by K.K. Das Gupta, P.K. Bhattacharyya & R.D. Choudhury. Delhi: Sundeep
Prakashan, 1988: 53-59. [Republished in (2) 2000: 411-415]

1989
(25) A Unique Dnapati-relief. Nalinknta atavrik. Dr. N.K. Bhattasali Centenary Volume (1888-1988).
Studies in Art and Archaeology of Bihar and Bengal. Edited by Debala Mitra & Gouriswar Bhattacharya.
Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1989: 163-172. [Republished in (2) 2000: 223-232, 567-570]
(26) Buddha kyamuni and Paca-Tathgatas: Dilemma in Bihar-Bengal. South Asian Archaeology 1985.
Papers from the Eighth International Conference of the Association of South Asian Archaeologists in
Western Europe, held at Moesgaard Museum, Denmark, 1-5 July 1985. Edited by Karen Frifelt & Per
Srensen. London, Riverdale, MD: Curzon Press/The Riverdale Company, 1989: 350-371. (Scandinavian
Institute of Asian Studies, Occasional Papers 4.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 29-41, 511-519]
(27) Deva: Caturmukha-Pacamukha: Brahm and iva: ilpastras and art-objects. Shastric Traditions in
Indian Arts. Edited by Anna Libera Dallapicola. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, 1989: 51-70.
(Beitrge zur Sdasienforschung, Sdasien-Institut Universitt Heidelberg, Band 125.) [Republished in (2)
2000: 233-250, 570-574]
(28) New Light on the dating of Mahisantosh Image of the Sun-God. Ratna-Chandrik. Panorama of Oriental
Studies (Shri R.C. Agrawala Festschrift). Edited by Devendra Handa & Ashvini Agrawal. New Delhi,
1989: 251-259. [Republished in (2) 2000: 417-423, 625-626]

1990
(29) Hiuen Tsiang and the Nalanda inscription of Prathamasiva. Indian History and Epigraphy. Dr. G.S. Gai
Felicitation Volume. Edited by K.V. Ramesh, S.P. Tewari & M.J. Sharma. Delhi, 1990: 131-135.
(30) Buddha Sakyamuni under the Mango Tree. Oriental Art (Richmond), N.S. Vol. XXXVI, No. 1, Spring
1990: 31-34. [Republished in (2) 2000: 75-79, 533]
xviii Prajdhara

(31) Early Rmyaa Illustration from Bangladesh. South Asian Archaeology 1987. Proceedings of the Ninth
International Conference of the Association of South Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe, held in the
Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Island of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice. Edited by Maurizio Taddei with the
assistance of Pierfrancesco Callieri. Rome: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente, 1990, Part 2:
1043-1066. (Serie Orientale Roma, Vol. LXVI, 2.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 265-274, 577-584]
(32) Nagendravahin Dev the Snake-Goddess on an Elephant Mount. Makaranda. Essays in honour of Dr.
James C. Harle. Edited by Claudine Bautze-Picron. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1990: 173-184. (Sri
Garib Dass Oriental Series No. 105.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 251-263, 575-576]
(33) A Puzzling Report on a British Museum Buddhist Pedestal Inscription. South Asian Studies (London), Vol.
6, 1990: 39-42. [Republished in (2) 2000: 425-429, 627]

1991
(34) The Munificence of Lady Catusam. Akayanv. Essays presented to Dr. Debala Mitra in admiration of
her scholarly contributions. Edited by Gouriswar Bhattacharya. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1991: 313-
322. [Republished in (2) 2000: 281-291, 585-587]
(35) An Outstanding Image of a Buddhist Deity Seated on a Lion. Kalya-Mitta: Professor Hajime Nakamura
Felicitation Volume. Edited by V.N. Jha. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1991: 269-277. (Bibliotheca
Indo-Buddhica No. 88.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 81-89, 534]
(36) [with Pratapaditya Pal] Early Ramayana Reliefs from Bangladesh. Orientations (Hong Kong), Vol. 22, No.
8, August 1991: 57-62.
(37) The so-called bhicrika-mrti of Viu. Indian Museum Bulletin (Calcutta), Vol. XXVI, 1991: 51-54.
[Republished in (2) 2000: 275-277, 585]
(38) The so-called yaga. South Asian Studies (London), Vol. 7, 1991: 141. [Republished in (2) 2000: 279]

1992
(39) A Unique Viu Image from the National Museum of Bangladesh. South Asian Archaeology 1989. Papers
from the Tenth International Conference of South Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe, Muse national
des Arts asiatiquesGuimet, Paris, France, 3-7 July 1989. Edited by Catherine Jarrige. Madison, Wiscon-
sin: Prehistoric Press, 1992: 317-326. (Monographs in World Archaeology, 14.) [Republished in (2) 2000:
293-298, 588-590]
(40) Two Inscribed Images of the Jaina Mahiamardin. East and West (Rome), Vol. 42, Nos. 2-4, December
1992: 501-508. [Republished in (2) 2000: 343-348, 607-608]
(41) The New Pla Ruler Mahendrapla. Pratna Samiksha. Journal of the Directorate of Archaeology (Cal-
cutta), Vol. 1, 1992: 165-170. [Republished in (2) 2000: 431-437, 628]
(42) Note on an Inscribed Copper Vase from the Collection of Bangladesh National Museum. Journal of the
Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Dhaka), Vol. 37, No. 2, 1992: 89-90. [Republished in (2) 2000: 439-440]

1993
(43) An Inscribed Metal Vase Most Probably from Chittagong, Bangladesh. South Asian Archaeology 1991.
Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference of the Association of South Asian Archaeologists in
 Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008) xix

Western Europe held in Berlin 1-5 July 1991. Edited by Adalbert J. Gail & Gerd J.R. Mevissen. Stuttgart:
Franz Steiner Verlag, 1993: 323-338.
(44) Identification of a Group of Strange Sculptures from Bengal. South Asian Studies (London), Vol. 9, 1993:
93-95. [Republished in (2) 2000: 299-301, 590]
(45) Soma the Hindu Moon God. Orientations (Hong Kong), Vol. 24, No. 10, October 1993: 84-87. [Re-
published in (2) 2000: 303-307, 591-593]

1994
(46) Inscribed image of a aivcrya from Bengal. South Asian Archaeology 1993. Proceedings of the Twelfth
International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists held in Helsinki
University 5-9 July 1993. Edited by Asko Parpola & Petteri Koskikallio. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiede-
akatemia, 1994: 93-99. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. B, Tom. 271.) [Republished in (2)
2000: 309-313, 594-595]
(47) Newly Discovered Copper Plate Grants of the Pla Dynasty. Festschrift Klaus Bruhn zur Vollendung des
65. Lebensjahres dargebracht von Schlern, Freunden und Kollegen. Herausgegeben von Nalini Balbir &
Joachim K. Bautze. Reinbek: Dr. Inge Wezler Verlag fr Orientalistische Fachpublikationen, 1994: 195-
224. [Republished in (2) 2000: 441-454, 629-633]

1995
(48) Knch monks at Kukkuapda-giri-vihra. Evatu Ulkat Taml Mnu Tacvr 1995, Vilmalar
[Eighth World Tamil Conference Tanjavur 1995, Souvenir Volume]. Edited by I. Nagasami. Tanjavur,
1995: E89-E93. [Republished in (2) 2000: 91-96]
(49) The bhale symbol of the Jainas. Berliner Indologische Studien (Reinbek), Vol. 8, 1995: 201-228. [Re-
published in (2) 2000: 349-360, 608-618]
(50) The Dual Role of Ganesh in the Buddhist Art of South Asia. Ganesh the benevolent. Edited by Pratapaditya
Pal. Bombay: Marg Publications, 1995: 65-80 (= Mrg, Vol. XLVII, No. 2, 1995: 1-16). Second impres-
sion, Mumbai 2001. [Republished in (2) 2000: 97-106, 535-539]

1996
(51) The Buddhist Deity Vajrapi. Silk Road Art and Archaeology. Journal of the Institute of Silk Road
Studies, Kamakura (Japan), Vol. 4, 1995/96: 323-354. [Republished in (2) 2000: 107-129, 540-546]
(52) A New Phpati. Pratna Samiksha. Journal of the Directorate of Archaeology & Museums (Calcutta), Vol.
4 & 5, 1995-96 [1998]: 178-180. [Republished in (2) 2000: 455-457, 634]
(53) Trio of Prosperity: A Gupta Terracotta Plaque from Bangladesh. South Asian Studies (London), Vol. 12,
1996: 39-47. [Republished in (2) 2000: 315-321, 595-598]
(54) Discovery of a New Pala Ruler. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Dhaka), Vol. 41, No. 1, June
1996: 193-195. [Republished in (2) 2000: 459-460]
(55) An Incomplete Copper-Plate Grant Belonging to the Pla Ruler Nayapla. Berliner Indologische Studien
(Reinbek), Vol. 9/10, 1996: 315-325.
xx Prajdhara

(56) The Magnificient Bronze Image of Vajrasatva from Mainamati, Bangladesh. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka),
Vol. 1, 1996: 137-148. [Republished in (2) 2000: 131-137, 547-550]
(57) Donors of a few Tr images from Magadha or South Bihar. Festschrift Dieter Schlingloff. Herausgegeben
von Friedrich Wilhelm. Reinbek: Dr. Inge Wezler Verlag fr Orientalistische Fachpublikationen, 1996: 1-
28. [Republished in (2) 2000: 461-470, 634-639]
(58) A preliminary report on the inscribed metal vase from the National Museum of Bangladesh. Explorations
in Art and Archaeology of South Asia. Essays Dedicated to N.G. Majumdar. Edited by Debala Mitra.
Calcutta: Directorate of Archaeology and Museums, Government of West Bengal, 1996: 237-247, pls. 16.1-
16.10. [Republished in (2) 2000: 471-480, 640-644]

1997
(59) A Dated Avalokitevara Image of the Devapla Period. Living a Life in Accord with Dhamma: Papers in
Honor of Professor Jean Boisselier on His Eightieth Birthday. Edited by Natasha Eilenberg, M.C. Subha-
dradis Diskul & Robert L. Brown. Bangkok: Silpakorn University, May 1997: 83-90. [Republished in (2)
2000: 139-146, 550-551]
(60) A Unique Bronze Image from Bangladesh. South Asian Archaeology 1995. Proceedings of the 13th Con-
ference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, Cambridge, 5-9 [3-7] July, 1995.
Edited by Raymond Allchin & Bridget Allchin. U.S.A.: Science Publishers, and New Delhi, Calcutta:
Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1997: 779-788. [Republished in (2) 2000: 323-327, 564, 599-601]
(61) Bangladesh National Museum praasti of Phila (9th century A. D.). Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol.
2, 1997: 111-120. [Republished in (2) 2000: 481-487, 645-646]

1998
(62) Importance of Epigraphy as a Branch of Indology for the Study of Indian Art. Trends in Indian Studies.
Proceedings of the ESIS. Edited by Jaroslav Vacek & Jan Dvok. Prague: Karolinum, Charles University
Press, 1998: 21-30. [Republished in (2) 2000: 489-494]
(63) A Dated Viu Image of the Mahpla (I) Period. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 3, 1998: 151-155.
[Republished in (2) 2000: 495-497, 646-647]
(64) The New Pla Ruler, Gopla (II), Son of Surapla [sic] (I). Facets of Indian Culture. Gustav Roth Felici-
tation Volume, Published on the Occasion of His 82nd Birthday. Edited by C.P. Sinha, Kameshwar Prasad,
Jagdishwar Pandey, Umesh Chandra Dwivedi & Rajendra Prasad. Patna: Bihar Puravid Parishad, 1998:
177-181.

1999
(65) The Five Deities of Pacopsan. Studies in Hindu and Buddhist Art [K.K. Dasgupta Volume]. Edited by
P.K. Mishra. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications, 1999: 197-206. (Also published in Kalyan Bharati. Journal
on Indian History and Culture, Vol. III, Calcutta, 1999: 16-26 [K.K. Dasgupta Volume, ed. Sunil Chandra
Ray] with fewer plates.) [Republished in (2) 2000: 335-340, 603-606]
(66) Nalanda Vgvar and Mandhuk Gaea: Are they of the Same Period? Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka),
Vol. 4 (Gouriswar Bhattacharya Volume), 1999: 373-380. [Republished in (2) 2000: 499-503, 568, 648-
649]
 Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008) xxi

(67) Viu Assuming the Boar Form. Oriental Art (Singapore), Vol. XLV, No. 3, Autumn 1999: 44-47. [Re-
published in (2) 2000: 329-333, 601-602]
(68) The Myth of Vikramdev Mother of Devapla? Pratna Samiksha. Journal of the Directorate of
Archaeology & Museums (Kolkata), Vol. 6-8, 1997-99 [2001]: 84-87.

2000
(69) The Auspicious Symbol Commencing a Pla Record and Its Development. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka),
Vol. 5, 2000: 137-142.
(70) Nandipada or Nandyvarta The -motif. Berliner Indologische Studien (Reinbek), Vol. 13/14, 2000:
265-272.
(71) The Enigmatic Pot. South Asian Archaeology 1997. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Con-
ference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists held in the Istituto Italiano per lAfrica
e lOriente, Palazzo Brancaccio, Rome, 7-14 [7-11] July 1997. Edited by Maurizio Taddei and Guiseppe
De Marco. Rome 2000 [2002]: 1341-1365. (Serie Orientale Roma, XC.)

2001
(72) Mtk-s (akti-s) and the Viudharmottara. Kalyan Bharati. Journal on Indian History and Culture
(Kolkata), Vol. V, 2001: 9-17.
(73) Pretasantarpita-Lokevara. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 6, 2001: 21-44.
(74) Suvara-Vhi (The Golden Rice-Grain?). Hakim Habibur Rahman Khan Commemoration Volume. A col-
lection of essays on history, art, archaeology, numismatics, epigraphy and literature of Bangladesh and
Eastern India. Edited by Enamul Haque. Dhaka: The International Centre for Study of Bengal Art, 2001:
129-132. (Studies in Bengal Art Series No. 6.)

2002
(75) Vikama [sic] devi A New Mother for the Pala King Devapala! Essence of Art and Culture (In Memory
of Prof. Kalyan Kumar Ganguli). Edited by S.S. Biswas, Amita Roy, Deepak R. Das & Samir K. Mukher-
jee. Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan, 2002: 19-21.
(76) avalln of Tamilnadu and Natvara of Bengal. Foundations of Indian Art. Proceedings of the Chid-
ambaram Seminar on Art and Religion, Feb.2001. Edited by R. Nagaswamy. Chennai: Tamil Arts Aca-
demy, 2002: 50-60, figs. 1-14.
(77) A new aivcrya with disciples. Kalyan Bharati. Journal on Indian History and Culture (Kolkata), Vol.
VI, 2002: 5-14.
(78) The Pensive Bodhisatva from Uiyna (Swat Valley) to Paikera (Mainamati) A unique example from
Magadha (South Bihar). Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 7, 2002 [2004]: 125-138.
(79) Dev Viumy : Mahisuramardin. Kal. The Journal of Indian Art History Congress (Guwahati & New
Delhi), Vol. VIII, 2001-02 [2003]: 1-4, figs. 1-4.
xxii Prajdhara

2003
(80) Mainamati City on the Red Hills. Bengal Sites and Sights. Edited by Pratapaditya Pal & Enamul Haque.
Mumbai: Mrg Publications, Vol. 54, No. 3, March 2003: 64-75.
(81) aakar-Lokevara. Berliner Indologische Studien (Reinbek), Vol. 15/16/17, 2003: 369-402.
(82) An Inscribed Stone Image of the Buddhist Deity Aparjit. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 8, 2003
[2005]: 95-101.

2004
(83) Vsudeva-Viu-Padmapi and Avalokitevara-iva. Interaction Between Brhmaical and Buddhist Art
(Proceedings of the International Seminar on Interaction Between Brhmaical and Buddhist Art held
during 14-17 February, 2003 at Jna Pravha, Centre for Cultural Studies, Varanasi (UP) in collaboration
with Archarya [sic] Narendra Dev International Research Institute of Buddhist Studies, Lucknow). Edited
by R.C. Sharma & Pranati Ghosal. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd., 2004: 93-99, pls. 13.1-13.13.

2005
(84) A Unique Narrative Stone Panel Illustrating Revanta. South Asian Archaeology 2003. Proceedings of the
Seventeenth International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists (7-11 July
2003, Bonn). Edited by Ute Franke-Vogt & Hans-Joachim Weisshaar. Aachen: Linden Soft, 2005: 451-460.
(Forschungen zur Archologie Auereuropischer Kulturen, Band 1.)
(85) Identification of a Strange Stone Image from Nepal: Nepal and Tamil Nadu Connection. South Asian
Archaeology 2001. Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference of the European Association of
South Asian Archaeologists, held in Collge de France, Paris, 2-6 July 2001. Edited by Catherine Jarrige
& Vincent Lefvre. Volume II: Historical Archaeology and Art History. Paris: adpf ditions Recherche
sur les Civilisations, 2005: 393-400.
(86) Interesting Kua art device carried out by the later Indian artists. Kalyan Bharati. Journal on Indian
History & Culture (Kolkata), Vol. IX, 2005: 16-29.
(87) The Two Marriages of iva. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 9 & 10, 2004-05 [2007]: 247-256.

2006
(88) Two donations in favour of the Mahsghikas of Mathura. Hari Smriti. Studies on Art, Archaeology and
Indology. Papers Presented in Memory of Dr. Haribishnu Sarkar. Edited by Arundhati Banerji. Delhi:
Kaveri Books, 2006, Vol. II: 421-427, pls. 47.1-47.6.
(89) Once More Tamilnadu and Bengal? Iconographic affiliation: Bhikanamrti iva. Sahdaya. Studies in
Indian and South East Asian Art in Honour of Dr. R. Nagaswamy. Edited by Bettina Baumer, Chirapat Pra-
pandvidya, R.N. Misra & Devendra Handa. Chennai: Tamil Arts Academy, 2006: 295- 318.
(90) Vanaml of Vsudeva-Ka-Viu and Sakaraa-Balarma. Vanaml Festschrift A.J. Gail. SERTA
ADALBERTO JOANNI GAIL LXV. DIEM NATALEM CELEBRANTI AB AMICIS COLLEGIS DISCIPULIS DEDICATA. Edited
by Gerd J.R. Mevissen & Klaus Bruhn. Berlin: Weidler Buchverlag, 2006: 9-20.
(91) Bodhisatva or Bodhisattva? India and Indology: Past, Present and Future. Professor Sukumari Bhattacharji
Felicitation Volume. Edited by Dipak Bhattacharya et al. Santiniketan, 2006: 53-55 (in Bengali).
 Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008) xxiii

2007
(92) Vsudeva-Viu Images from Bengal: Development and Innovation: Is lotus an essential Attribute?
Kalhr (White Water-Lily). Studies in Art, Iconography, Architecture and Archaeology of India and
Bangladesh (Professor Enamul Haque Felicitation Volume). Edited by Gouriswar Bhattacharya, Gerd
J R Mevissen, Mallar Mitra & Sutapa Sinha. New Delhi: Kaveri Books, 2007: 99-108, pls. 12.1-12.20.
(93) Two inscribed bronze ekamukha-liga.s of the Devapla period. Tribus. Linden-Museum Stuttgart,
Staatliches Museum fr Vlkerkunde, Jahrbuch, Band 56 2007: 55-59.
(94) The British Museum Stone Inscription of Mahendrapla. South Asian Studies (London), Vol. 23, 2007:
69-74.
(95) The Nandins of Pundravardhana. Varendra Varenya: Adhyapak A K M Yaqub Ali Samvardhana Grantha.
Edited by A.K.M. Shahnawaz and Rahul Kuddus Md Saleh. Dhaka: Somay Prakashan, 2007: 459-464 &
notes 1-11 erroneously misplaced on pp. 486-487 [and misnumbered as 2-12, while notes 12-14 the
latter misprinted as 15 in the text on p. 483 are entirely missing; furthermore, the bibliographical
references on pp. 463-464 have been misleadingly numbered as 1-14].

2008
(96) Who Were the Donors of the Early Mathura Sculptures? What Was Their Social Status? Archaeology of
Early Historic South Asia. Edited by Gautam Sengupta & Sharmi Chakraborty. New Delhi, 2008: 495-
502, pl. XIX.43-46.
(97) Gaea with a Dagger. Religion and Art: New Issues in Indian Iconography and Iconology. Edited by
Claudine Bautze-Picron. London: The British Association for South Asian Studies, the British Academy,
2008: 141-152. (Volume 1 of the proceedings of the 18th conference of the European Association of
South Asian Archaeologists, London, 2005.)
(98) A Rare Bronze Object from Bangladesh. South Asian Archaeology 1999. Proceedings of the Fifteenth
International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, held at the Univer-
siteit Leiden, 5-9 July, 1999. Edited by Ellen M. Raven. Groningen: Egbert Forsten, 2008: 469-480.
(Gonda Indological Studies XV.)
(99) Brahm with Vishus Crown: How to Explain? Kaldarpaa: The Mirror of Indian Art. Papers Pre-
sented in Memory of Shri Krishna Deva. Edited by Devangana Desai & Arundhati Banerji. New Delhi:
Aryan Books International, 2008: 284-294.

IN PRESS

(100) The Snake-goddess from Rangpur How did they call her? Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 11.
(101) Pancavaktra or Krtimukha or Grasa (Illustrations from Bihar-Bengal). K.P. Sahar Felicitation Volume.
Edited by Bhagwant Sahai.
(102) From a mere bird to an anthropomorphic being: Garua in Indian art. V.S. Agrawala Commemoration
Volume. Edited by P.K. Agrawala.
(103) The inscribed stone image of Ca from Rampal and the iconographic problems connected with it. The
Journal of Ancient Indian History (Kolkata), D.C. Sircar Centenary Volume. Edited by Sudipa Ray
Bandhyopadhyay.
xxiv Prajdhara

(104) The Pala ruler Mahendrapla, son and successor of Devapala. Jagjivanpur Volume. Edited by Gautam
Sengupta. Kolkata: Centre for Archaeological Studies & Training, Eastern India.
(105) Nepal, Tamilnadu and Bengal connection. Kolkata: Centre for Archaeological Studies & Training,
Eastern India (1st Debala Mitra Memorial Lecture, 2006).
(106) Fauna Imagery in Early Eastern Art: A Survey. Proceedings of the Seminar on Fauna Imagery in Early
Indian Art held at Jna-Pravha, Varanasi, 27th - 28th January, 2008.
(107) New Element of Fantasy and Rhythm Introduced in Gupta Art. South Asian Archaeology 2007. Pro-
ceedings of the 19th International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists,
Ravenna, 2-6 July 2007. Eds. P. Callieri & L. Colliva. Oxford: Archaeopress-BAR.
(108) How to justify the spelling of the Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit term bodhisatva? From Turfan to Ajanta.
Festschrift for Dieter Schlingloff on the Occasion of his Eightieth Birthday. Edited by Eli Franco &
Monika Zin. Lumbini: Lumbini International Research Institute.

MISCELLANEA

(109) Die zehnarmige Gttin Durga (Devi Durga Dashabhuja): Die Entstehungsgeschichte ein historischer
berblick. 25 Jahre Durga Fest Berlin: Das Jubilumsheft 1999. Herausgegeben vom Sarbojanin
Durga-Puja Komitee. Berlin, 1999: [6]-[9].
(110) Lovedaler artist Sushil Mukherji [in Bengali]. Chrukal-2. Rjya Chrukal Parishad Patrik, Sam
1407 [2000-01 AD], Tathya o Saskti Bibhg, Pashchimbaga Sarkr. Edited by Ashok Bhattacharya.
Kolkata: 69-77.
(111) The Bengali Muslim Author, Syed Mustafa Siraj. Tofa-e-Dil. Festschrift Helmut Nespital. Edited by
Dirk W. Lnne. Reinbek: Dr. Inge Wezler Verlag fr Orientalistische Fachpublikationen, 2001, Vol. 1:
25-40.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CATALOGUES AND ENCYCLOPAEDIA

(112) [Contributions to:] Herbert Hrtel (ed.), Museum fr Indische Kunst Berlin, Katalog 1971, Ausgestellte
Werke. Berlin: Staatliche Museen Preuischer Kulturbesitz, 1971.
(113) [Contributions to:] Herbert Hrtel (ed.), Museum fr Indische Kunst Berlin, Katalog 1976, Ausgestellte
Werke. Berlin: Staatliche Museen Preuischer Kulturbesitz, 1976.
(114) [Contributions to:] Helmut Uhlig (ed.), Tantrische Kunst des Buddhismus (Ausstellung im Kunstamt
Berlin-Tempelhof). Berlin: Ullstein, 1981.
(115) [Contributions to:] Herbert Hrtel (ed.), Museum fr Indische Kunst Berlin, Katalog 1986, Ausgestellte
Werke. Berlin: Staatliche Museen Preuischer Kulturbesitz, 1986.
(116) [Inscriptions in:] Pratapaditaya Pal, Indian Sculpture Volume 2, 700-1800. A Catalogue of the Los
Angeles County Museum of Art Collection. Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press,
1988: 306-307.
 Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008) xxv

(117) [Inscriptions in:] Pratapaditya Pal, Stephen Markel, Janice Leoshko, Pleasure Gardens of the Mind:
Indian Paintings from the Jane Greenough Green Collection. Middletown, Los Angeles, Ahmedabad,
1993.
(118) [Colophons of Buddhist and Jain Manuscripts in:] Pratapaditya Pal, Indian Paintings. A Catalogue of the
Los Angeles County Museum of Art Collection, Volume 1, 1000-1700. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County
Museum of Art & Mapin, 1993: 363-367.
(119) [Inscriptions in:] Pratapaditya Pal et al., The Peaceful Liberators. Jain Art from India. Los Angeles &
New York: Los Angeles County Museum of Art & Thames and Hudson, 1994: 258-261.
(120) [Inscriptions in:] Ulrich von Schroeder, Buddhist Sculptures in Tibet. Volume One: India & Nepal. Volume
Two: Tibet & China. Hong Kong: Visual Dharma Publications Ltd., 2001: 228, 230, 234, 242, 244, 250,
252, 254, 256, 264, 266, 272, 290, 296, 390, 399, 400, 456, 458, 502, 898, 970, 1100, 1136, 1160.
(121) [Inscriptions in:] Pratapaditya Pal, Desire and Devotion. Art from India, Nepal, and Tibet in the John and
Berthe Ford Collection. London: Philip Wilson Publishers, 2001: 325.
(122) [Inscriptions in:] Pratapaditya Pal, Asian Art at the Norton Simon Museum, Volume 1: Art from the Indian
Subcontinent. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2003: 309-312.
(123) [Inscriptions in:] Pratapaditya Pal, Asian Art at the Norton Simon Museum, Volume 2: Art from the Hima-
layas & China. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2003: 261-262.
(124) Iconography (Stone Sculptures): Hindu, Buddhist and Jaina Images. Banglapedia. National Encyclo-
paedia of Bangladesh. Edited by Sirajul Islam. Dhaka: Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, 2003, Vol. 5: 215-
229 (including 44 illustrations). (Also published on a Multimedia CD, 1st Edition February 2004; and at
http://banglapedia.search.com.bd/ HT/I_0014.htm)
(125) Tantric Buddhist Images. Gale Encyclopedia of India. Edited by Stanley Wolpert. Farmington Hills, MI,
2005.
(126) Standing Buddha (Walking Buddha?); Brahm; Inscribed Two-Armed Avalokitevara [catalogue nos. 12,
13, 14]. In: Indian Art Treasures. Suresh Neotia Collection. Jna-Pravha, Centre for Cultural Studies
& Research, Varanasi. Edited by R.C. Sharma, Kamal Giri & Anjan Chakraverty. New Delhi: Mosaic
Books, 2006: 21-23.
(127) The River-goddesses Gag and Yamun; The Snake-goddess (Manas or Manasdev?); 41 Inscriptions;
Catalogue nos. *54, *92, *97, *179, *206, *245, *246, *248, *264, *303, *386, *395, *396, *397, *408,
*433, *452, *483, *504, *513, *515, *538. In: Sculptures in Bangladesh. An Inventory of Select Hindu,
Buddhist and Jain Stone and Bronze Images in Museums and Collections of Bangladesh (up to the 13th
Century). Edited by Enamul Haque & Adalbert J. Gail. Dhaka: The International Centre for Study of
Bengal Art, 2008. (Studies in Bengal Art Series No. 8.)
(128) Inscribed Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina Objects in the Victoria & Albert Museum, London (in press).

NOTES, REVIEWS, OBITUARY

(129) Letter to the Editor [on: P. Pal, A Kushn Indra and some related sculptures, Oriental Art (Richmond),
N.S. Vol. XXV, No. 2, Summer 1979: 212-226]. Oriental Art (Richmond), N.S. Vol. XXVI, No. 1,
Spring 1980: 129-130.
xxvi Prajdhara

(130) [Review of:] Enamul Haque: Bengal Sculptures: Hindu Iconography upto C. 1250 A.D. Dhaka: Bangla-
desh National Museum, 1992. East and West (Rome), Vol. 44, Nos. 2-4, December 1994: 550-554.
(131) [Review of:] R.C. Sharma: The Splendour of Mathur Art and Museum. New Delhi, 1994 (Perspectives
in Indian Art and Archaeology 1). Mrg (Bombay), Vol. XLVII, No. 1, 1995: 89-90.
(132) A Note against A Note on the Jagjibanpur Inscription of Mahndrapla [by B.N. Mukherjee, published
in Journal of the Epigraphical Society of India (Dharwar), Vol. 23 (1997): 22-24]. Pratna Samiksha.
Journal of the Directorate of Archaeology & Museums (Kolkata), Vol. 6-8, 1997-99 [2001]: 88-90.
(133) [Review of:] Puspa Niyogi: Buddhist Divinities. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.,
2001. Mrg (Mumbai), Vol. LV, No. 1, September 2003: 80-81.
(134) [Review of:] Corinna Wessels-Mevissen: The Gods of the Directions in Ancient India. Origin and Early
Development in Art and Literature (until c. 1000 A.D.). Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag GmbH, 2001.
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (London), Vol. 66, No. 2, 2003: 275-277.
(135) Obituary: Debala Mitra 1925-2003. Journal of Bengal Art (Dhaka), Vol. 9 & 10, 2004-05 [2007]: [11]-
[12].

EDITORIAL WORK

(136) Deyadharma. Studies in Memory of Dr. D. C. Sircar. Edited by Gouriswar Bhattacharya. Delhi: Sri
Satguru Publications, 1986. (Sri Garib Dass Oriental Series No. 33.)
(137) Nalinknta atavrik. Dr. N.K. Bhattasali Centenary Volume (1888-1988). Studies in Art and Archae-
ology of Bihar and Bengal. Edited by Debala Mitra & Gouriswar Bhattacharya. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publi-
cations, 1989. (Sri Garib Dass Oriental Series No. 83.)
(138) Akayanv. Essays presented to Dr. Debala Mitra in admiration of her scholarly contributions. Edited
by Gouriswar Bhattacharya. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1991. (Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica No. 86.)
(139) Kalhr (White Water-Lily). Studies in Art, Iconography, Architecture and Archaeology of India and
Bangladesh (Professor Enamul Haque Felicitation Volume). Edited by Gouriswar Bhattacharya, Gerd J R
Mevissen, Mallar Mitra & Sutapa Sinha. New Delhi: Kaveri Books, 2007.
 PRAJDHARA
ESSAYS ON
ASIAN ART, HISTORY, EPIGRAPHY AND CULTURE
in Honour of
Gouriswar Bhattacharya

Edited by

Gerd J.R. Mevissen

and
Arundhati Banerji

2009
Kaveri Books
New Delhi - 110 002
Contents

VOLUME I

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Editorial Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
Bibliography of Gouriswar Bhattacharyas Publications (1971-2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
List of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii
List of Figures, Illustrations, Tables and Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xlii
List of Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xlv

Section I: Gandhra
1. Yaodhars Dreams
ANNA MARIA QUAGLIOTTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. The Water Tank from Gandhara
MONIKA ZIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3. The Pious Donation of Wells in Gandhara
HARRY FALK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4. Two Stamps with the Bodhigarbhlakralaka Dhra from Afghanistan and Some
Further Remarks on the Classification of Objects with the ye dharm Formula
INGO STRAUCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Section II: Northern India, Central India, Nepal

5. Srya Worship in Vraja in Ancient Times with Special Reference to a Rare Kua Lintel
of a Srya Temple
VINAY KUMAR GUPTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
6. The Formation of Temple Ritual in the Gupta Period: pj and pacamahyaja
MICHAEL WILLIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
7. Mapping Masrurs Iconography
MICHAEL W. MEISTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
8. The Kashmir Connection of the Vaikuha Image of Khajuraho
DEVANGANA DESAI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
9. Vaukevara A Vma-Bhairava Sculpture in the Lucknow Museum
R. NAGASWAMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
viii Prajdhara Essays in Honour of Gouriswar Bhattacharya

10. The Identification of a Sculpture of Mtyujaya/Amtea and Amtalakm

in the Royal Bath in Patan (Nepal)
GUDRUN BHNEMANN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
11. Almora Copper Plate of Abhaya Candra, aka 1296 (AD 1374)
MAHESHWAR P. JOSHI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
12. Omkareshvar Mandhata and Transplantation of Temples
AMAR NATH KHANNA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
13. Recasting the Architectural Landscape: The Late 12th Early 13th-Century Ghurid
Annexations of Northern India
ALKA PATEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
14. Umrao Jan Ada: Her carte-de-visite
JOACHIM K. BAUTZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Section III: Western India

15. Coins of the City-State of Mhimat
DEVENDRA HANDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
16. Buddhism in Rajasthan Its Evolution and Devolution
NAYAN ANANDA CHAKRABORTY & SANGEETA CHAKRABORTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
17. Some Early toraa Representations from the Maharashtra Caves
PARUL PANDYA DHAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
18. To What God Shall We Render Homage in the Temple at Modhera?
K. MANKODI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Section IV: Southern India

19. Rkasas and puruamgas in the South-Western Corner of the Airvatevara Temple at Darasuram
CORINNA WESSELS-MEVISSEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
20. A Rare aiva Icon at Lepki
PIERRE-SYLVAIN FILLIOZAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
21. Two Klmukha Temples in Haveri District (Jakkacrigui in Karnaka)
VASUNDHARA FILLIOZAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
22. Girij-kalya Friezes in the Temple Art of the Gowas of Yelahaka
ANILA VERGHESE & ANNA L. DALLAPICCOLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
23. Genealogical History of the Nyakas of Vlr, South India, and their Patronage to
Art and Architecture (c. AD 1500-1604)
U.S. MOORTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

Plates (Sections I-IV)

 Contents ix

VOLUME II

Section V: Eastern India and Bangladesh

24. Mahmyr and Jgul as Attendants of Prajpramit. Investigation of an unusual iconographic

feature based on Bihari Aashasrik Prajpramit manuscripts from the 11th century
EVA ALLINGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
25. Illustrating the Perfection of Wisdom: The use of the Vessantara Jtaka in a manuscript of the
Aashasrik Prajpramit Stra
JINAH KIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
26. The Viu Image from Sarisadah in the Indian Museum, Kolkata
CLAUDINE BAUTZE-PICRON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
27. Further Observations on Some Unusual Aspects of a Recently Acquired Pla Masterpiece
in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art
STEPHEN MARKEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
28. Some Srya Images of the Pla-Sena Period in the National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi
IBRAHIM SHAH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
29. A Note on Some Interesting Sculptures in the Koch Bihar Palace Museum
BIMAL BANDYOPADHYAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
30. Jaina Cult in Ancient Bengal The Tutelary Couple of Deopara
ISABELL JOHNE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
31. Dedicatory Inscriptions of the Time of Mahendrapla: A Fresh Appraisal
RAJAT SANYAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
32. Re-Reading Two Copper Plate Inscriptions of Gopla II, Year 4
RYOSUKE FURUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
33. Re-Visioning the State Apparatus in Samataa (Mid-7th to mid-11th Century AD)
SHAHNAJ HUSNE JAHAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
34. Economy of Samataa in the Early Medieval Period: A Brief Overview
SUCHANDRA GHOSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
35. A Note on an Important Coin Collection of the Bengal Sulns in the Bode-Museum, Berlin
SUTAPA SINHA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
36. Incarnation Revived: Three Temple Sculptures from Mallabhma
SHARMILA SAHA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
37. A Note on the Majuvara Majur Image at the Khiching Museum, Orissa
RAJASRI MUKHOPADHYAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
38. New Light on the di-Bhajas of Khijjigakoa and Other Minor Ruling Families of
Their Times in Orissa (An Epigraphical Perspective)
SNIGHDA TRIPATHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
x Prajdhara Essays in Honour of Gouriswar Bhattacharya

Section VI: Pan-Indian Issues

39. Dikplas and Grahas at Paharpur in Context of Contemporaneous Pan-Indian Temple Imagery
GERD J.R. MEVISSEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
40. Icons of tripda Deities in Indian Art
ARUNDHATI BANERJI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
41. Revisiting the Va/Nandi Issue
PRATAPADITYA PAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
42. A Five-headed Wooden Elephant: A Case Study
N.P. JOSHI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
43. Jala Mandirs, Trtha-Paas and Cosmic Islands: Creating, Replicating and Representing
Landscape in Jaina Art and Architecture
JULIA A.B. HEGEWALD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
44. Hegel and the Trimrti
ADALBERT J. GAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
45. Can Guided Tours Make Sense of World Heritage?
N. JAMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

Section VII: Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Tibet

46. A Recently Discovered Srya Image from Thailand
PETER SKILLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
47. Sryas Ngas, Candras Square Seat and the Mounted Bull with Two Guardians
Iconographical notes on two Khmer illustrated stela inscriptions
ARLO GRIFFITHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
48. Indo-Tibetan Influences in Banners from Dunhuang
CHHAYA BHATTACHARYA-HAESNER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
49. Indras Visit
TIANSHU ZHU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
50. Wall Paintings in the Arhat Chapel of the Monastery at Zhwa lu, Tibet: Notes on
Iconography and Style
HELMUT F. NEUMANN & HEIDI A. NEUMANN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510
51. Iconographical Suppositions in Connection with a Thangka Series Made in the Qianlong Period
BLA KELNYI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

Plates (Sections V-VII)

List of Contributors

Mag. Eva ALLINGER, Member of the National Research Network, The cultural History of the Western Himalaya from
the 8th Century, Institute of Art History, University of Vienna. Mailing address: A 1090 Wien, Kolingasse
13/1/12, Austria, <eva.allinger@univie.ac.at>, <eva.allinger@chello.at>
Dr. Bimal BANDYOPADHYAY, Superintending Archaeologist, Archaeological Survey of India, Kolkata Circle, C.G.O.
Complex (4th Floor), Block-DF, Sector-1, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, India, <asical@vsnl.net>
Dr. Arundhati BANERJI, Superintending Archaeologist (Publications), Archaeological Survey of India, Janpath, New
Delhi - 110 011, India, <abanerji150@yahoo.com>, <arundhatibanerji.150@gmail.com>
Priv.-Doz. Dr. habil. Joachim K. BAUTZE, Gastprofessor fr Kunstgeschichte Sdasiens, Freie Universitt Berlin,
Kunsthistorisches Institut, Abteilung Sdasien, Koenigin-Luise-Str. 34a, D-14195 Berlin, Germany,
<JoachimKB@web.de>
Prof. Dr. Claudine BAUTZE-PICRON, Charge de recherche, C.N.R.S., Paris; Charge de cours, Universit Libre de
Bruxelles. Mailing address: Kantstr. 78, D-10627 Berlin, Germany, <cbpicron@gmx.de>
Dr. Chhaya BHATTACHARYA-HAESNER, Independent Researcher, Keithstrasse 15, D-10787 Berlin, Germany,
<chhaya-berlin@gmx.de>
Prof. Dr. Gudrun BHNEMANN, University of Wisconsin, Department of Languages & Cultures of Asia, 1240 Van
Hise Hall, 1220 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, <gbuhnema@facstaff.wisc.edu>
Mr. Nayan Ananda CHAKRABORTY & Dr. Sangeeta CHAKRABORTY, Dholavira Excavation (Report Writing)
Section, Archaeological Survey of India, Purana Qila, New Delhi 110 001, India,
<n_chakravartiasi@yahoo.com>
Prof. Dr. A.L. DALLAPICCOLA, Honorary Professor, University of Edinburgh, 4, Sydney Terrace, Edinburgh, EH7
6SL, Scotland, U.K., <Annadallapiccola@aol.com>
Dr. Devangana DESAI, Former Vice-President, The Asiatic Society of Mumbai. Mailing address: Shanti 1/30, 19
Pedder Road, Mumbai 400 026, India, <djdesai@bom3.vsnl.net.in>, <djdesai2001@yahoo. com>
Dr. Parul Pandya DHAR, Assistant Professor (History of Art), National Museum Institute, National Museum, Janpath,
New Delhi 110 011, India, <parulpandyadhar@hotmail.com>
Prof. Dr. Harry FALK, Freie Universitt Berlin, Institut fr die Sprachen und Kulturen Sdasiens, Knigin-Luise-Str.
27, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, <falk@zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Dr. Pierre-Sylvain FILLIOZAT, Membre de lAcademie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, 13, Rue Rambuteau, 75004
Paris, France, <filliozat@dataone.in>, <pierre-sylvain@filliozat.net>, <filliozat@noos.fr>
Dr. Vasundhara FILLIOZAT, Independent Researcher, 125, Vivekananda Road Cross, Yadavagiri, Mysore 570 020,
Karnataka, India, <filliozat@dataone.in>, <vasundhara@filliozat.net>
xlvi Prajdhara Essays in Honour of Gouriswar Bhattacharya

Dr. Ryosuke FURUI, Associate Professor, Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku,
Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, <rfurui@hotmail.com>, <furui@ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
Prof. i.R. Dr. Adalbert J. GAIL, Freie Universitt Berlin, Kunsthistorisches Institut, Abteilung Sdasien. Mailing
address: Hagenstr. 35a, D-14193 Berlin, Germany, <adalbert.gail@googlemail.com>
Dr. Suchandra GHOSH, Reader, Department of Ancient Indian History & Culture, University of Calcutta; 1/3, Gopal
Chandra Bose Lane, Kolkata 700 050, India, <suchandra64@gmail.com>
Prof. Dr. Arlo GRIFFITHS, Chair of Sanskrit, Kern Institute, Leiden University; Directeur dtudes, Southeast Asian
History, Ecole franaise dExtrme-Orient (Jakarta); Jl. Ampera III no. 26, Kemang, Jakarta Selatan 12550, Indo-
nesia, <arlo.griffiths@let.leidenuniv.nl>
Mr. Vinay Kumar GUPTA, M.A., National Museum Institute, New Delhi. Mailing address: H. No. 50, Indrapuri,
Dhauli Piyau, Mathura U.P. 281 001, India, <vinay511@yahoo.co.in>
Dr. Devendra HANDA, # 1401, Pushpac Complex, Sector 49 B, Chandigarh 160 047, India,
<devendrahanda@rediffmail.com>
Dr. Julia A.B. HEGEWALD, Art History and Visual Studies, Mansfield Cooper Building, The University of Manchester,
Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, Great Britain, <Julia.Hegewald@manchester.ac.uk>
Dr. Shahnaj Husne JAHAN, Assistant Professor, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh, House 56, Road 4/A
Dhanmondi R/A (Satmosjid Road), Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh, <adri_12002@yahoo.com>
Dr. Nicholas JAMES, Director, PNL James Management & Interpretation of Historical Resources, 59, Mawson Road,
Cambridge, England, <nj218@cam.ac.uk>
Mrs. Isabell JOHNE, M.A., Independent Researcher, Gondekerstr. 16, D-12437 Berlin, Germany,
<isabell.johne@t-online.de>
Prof. Dr. Maheshwar P. JOSHI, Professor & Head, Department of History (Retd.), Kumaun University, Nainital.
Mailing address: r Mallik Kuja, Malla Joshi Khola, Almora, Uttarakhand, India,
<mp_joshi20@rediffmail.com>, <mp_joshi56@yahoo.com>
Dr. N.P. JOSHI, Hon. Acharya, Jna-Pravha, Centre for Cultural Studies & Research, South of Samne Ghat, Varanasi
- 221 005, India, <jpvns@satyam.net.in>
Mr. Bla KELNYI, Curator of the Tibetan-Nepalese Collection, Ferenc Hopp Museum of Eastern Asiatic Arts,
H-1115, Budapest, Thallczy L. u. 26, Hungary, <kelenyi.bela@gmail.com>
Mr. Amar Nath KHANNA, Senior Technical Officer (Retired), Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts. Mailing
address: G-26, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi -110 076, India, <khannaan@rediffmail.com>
Dr. Jinah KIM, Assistant Professor of South Asian Art, Dept. History of Art, B#351801, Vanderbilt University, Nash-
ville, TN 37235-1801, USA, <prajna03@gmail.com>
Dr. Kirit MANKODI, Project for Indian Cultural Studies, Franco-Indian Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd., 20, Dr. E. Moses
Road, Mumbai 400 011, India, <klmankodi@francoindian.com>, <klmankodi@rediffmail.com>
Dr. Stephen MARKEL, The Harry and Yvonne Lenart Curator and Department Head of South and Southeast Asian Art,
Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 5905 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90036-4504, USA,
<smarkel@lacma.org>
Prof. Dr. Michael W. MEISTER, W. Norman Brown Professor of South Asian Studies, University of Pennsylvania,
Jaffe History of Art Building, 3405 Woodland Walk, Philadelphia PA 19104-6208, USA,
<mwmeister@yahoo.com>
 List of Contributors xlvii

Dipl.-Ing. Gerd J.R. MEVISSEN, M.A., Independent Researcher, Erasmusstr. 17, D-10553 Berlin, Germany,
<gerdmevissen@hotmail.com>
Dr. U.S. MOORTI, Joint Director, Center for Art & Archaeology, American Institute of Indian Studies, Plot No. 22,
Sector-32, Institutional Area, Gurgaon - 122 001 (Haryana State), India, <caa.research@aiis.org.in>
Mrs. Rajasri MUKHOPADHYAY, M.A., Research Fellow, The Asiatic Society, Kolkata, and Guest Lecturer, Department
of Islamic History and Culture, University of Calcutta. Mailing address: 29, Parasar Road, Kolkata - 700 029,
India, < rajasri70@yahoo.com>
Dr. R. NAGASWAMY, Tamil Arts Academy, 11, 22nd Cross Street, Besantnagar, Chennai, 600090, India,
<nagaswamy@msn.com>
Dr. Helmut F. NEUMANN & Mrs. Heidi A. NEUMANN, Independent Researchers, Spitzackerstrasse 24, CH-4103 Bott-
mingen, Switzerland, <helmut.neumann@switzerland.org>, <hneumann@intergga.ch>
Dr. Pratapaditya PAL, General Editor, Marg Publications, Mumbai. Mailing address: 10582 Cheviot Drive, Los
Angeles, CA 90064, USA, <chitpal@earthlink.net>
Dr. Alka PATEL, Department of Art History, 85 Humanities Instructional Building, University of California, Irvine,
CA 92697-2785, USA, <alkap@uci.edu>
Prof. Dr. Anna Maria QUAGLIOTTI, Associate professor for Indian and Southeast Asian Art History and Archaeology,
Univerist di Napoli LOrientale. Mailing address: Via Panama, 124, 00198 Roma, Italy,
<quagliottiam@libero.it>
Ms. Sharmila SAHA, M.Sc., Cataloguer, State Archaeological Museum, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata. Mailing
address: Basak House (Top Floor), 3, Princep Street, Kolkata 700 072, India, <arch4life@rediffmail.com>
Mr. Rajat SANYAL, M.Sc., Guest Lecturer, Department of Archaeology, University of Calcutta, Alipur Campus, 1,
Refomatory Street (7th Floor), Kolkata 700 027, India, <sanyal10@rediffmail.com>
Dr. Ibrahim SHAH, Associate Professor & Chairman, Department of Cultural Heritage and Tourism Management,
Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, NWFP, Pakistan, <ibrahimshah01@gmail.com>
Dr. Sutapa SINHA, Reader, Department of Islamic History and Culture, University of Calcutta, Alipur Campus, Kolkata
700 027, India, <sutapasinha@hotmail.com>
Dr. Peter SKILLING, Matre de confrences, Ecole franaise dExtrme-Orient, EFEO - Sirindhorn Anthropology
Centre, 20, Boromarachachonani Road, Taling Chan, Banglok 10170, Thailand, <vararuci@mac.com>
Dr. Ingo STRAUCH, Research Associate, Institut fr die Sprachen und Kulturen Sdasiens, Freie Universitt Berlin,
Knigin-Luise-Str. 34 A, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, <ingo.strauch@fu-berlin.de>
Dr. Snigdha TRIPATHY, Plot No. 1480, Gauda Munda Chhak, Bhubaneswar, Orissa.
Dr. Anila VERGHESE, Principal, Sophia College for Women, Bhulabhai Desai Road, Mumbai 400 026, India,
<anilaverghese@yahoo.com>
Dr. Corinna WESSELS-MEVISSEN, Independent Researcher, Quitzowstr. 126, D-10559 Berlin, Germany,
<tcmevissen@surfeu.de>
Dr. Michael WILLIS, Department of Asia, The British Museum, London WC1B 3DG, Great Britain,
<Mwillis@thebritishmuseum.ac.uk>
Dr. Tianshu ZHU, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, FSH, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China,
<tszhu@umac.mo>
Prof. Dr. Monika ZIN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt, Institut fr Indologie und Tibetologie, Department fr
Asienstudien, Ludwigstr. 31, D-80539 Mnchen, Germany, <m.zin@t-online.de>