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Occupational Hazards

Occupational Health Things you need to know


What is MSI? What causes What is the difference What is the safe lifting
it? between back pain and technique?
back strain?
Musculoskeletal Injuries Place your feet apart for
are when you injure a Back pain is very common balance, bend your knees
muscle, tendon, ligament among all age groups, but and hold the object as
or joint. They can occur back strains are much close to your body as
Strains and Sprains from heavy, awkward and more rare among young possible. Lift smoothly and
(Ergonomic) repetitive work. people and are a result of slowly, pivoting with your
Symptoms can be heavy lifting or working in feet to avoid twisting your
observed as swelling or an awkward position. back. Push instead of pull
redness, but also felt as if you have the option. If
pain, numbness or you can, share the load
tingling. with a partner or get
mechanical assistance.

What are symptoms of What are some health What are ways to prevent
heat stress? problems? heat stress?

Symptoms of heat stress If heat stress is not Work with others to


are headaches and recognized and treated in recognize the symptoms
nausea, lowered the early stages, it could in each other. Gradually
Heat Stress efficiency, co-ordination develop into heat expose your body to heat
and alertness, increased exhaustion or heat stroke, to help it acclimatize.
irritability, dizziness, which are much more Drink lots of water and
fainting and hands and dangerous and could avoid caffeine and alcohol.
feet and ankles swelling 1- potentially be fatal. Wear light breathable
2 days after exposure. fabric such as cotton.

List 4 ways to reduce sun exposure.

- Wear sunglasses with 100% UVB protection.


Sun Exposure - Wear long sleeve shirts and long pants.
- Wear sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher.
- Wear a wide-brimmed hat.

What is the What are some What is the best way to reduce noise
dangerous potential, but less exposure?
noise level? obvious, noise hazards?
The best way to reduce exposure is
Noises greater Potentially harmful workplace design. Employers can build
than 85 noises are kitchen sound-muffling enclosures or noise
Noise Exposure decibels for equipment like blenders, protection booths, install sound-
over eight musical instruments, absorbent materials or reduce noise
hours can recorded music or exposure with job rotations. Until
damage your movies, and cleaning these can be implemented, workers
hearing. equipment like vacuum should be provided with the proper
cleaners. hearing protection at no cost.
What is Asbestos? Health problems Health problems of Health problems
of ASBESTOS? LEAD? of DUST?
Asbestos is a
fibrous material Long-term Short-term exposure Dust can cause
that was used in inhalation of can cause irritation of the
many materials asbestos fibers constipation, eyes, coughing,
before the 1970s can cause memory loss, sneezing, hay
Mineral and Chemical for its strength and Asbestosis (a lung weakness etc. and fever, asthma
Hazards heat/chemical disease), lung long-term exposure attacks, and long
resistant cancer and can cause term exposure
properties. It can be Mesothelioma (a depression, high can cause
found in many old rare and deadly blood pressure, heart reduced lung
homes. form of cancer). disease, kidney function.
disease and reduced
fertility.

What are pesticides? How do you protect against pesticides?

Pesticides prevent, control and inhibit The first step is to limit your exposure to
the activities of pests. They are used to these chemicals. Limit your use of
limit pests threat to public health and pesticides in the house by using animal
the environment. Pesticides are traps or closing up cracks and if you do
commonly used in agriculture use them, only use the required amount.
Mineral and Chemical (insecticides and fungicides), forestry, Wash produce to remove pesticides, dirt
Hazards Continued industry (material preservatives), and and germs. Use personal insect repellent
society (personal insect repellents). sparingly and not on children under six
months. Store pesticides away from
children and dispose of them properly. If
poisoning is suspected, bring the
container with you to the doctor.

What are blood-borne diseases?

A blood-borne disease occurs when certain bodily fluids are infected with blood-
borne pathogens. Examples of these diseases are human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV), Hepatitis A, B and C, and AIDS or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, which
Biological Hazards
is caused by HIV. These can be transmitted by letting certain bodily fluids enter your
body; these fluids include Blood, Semen, Amniotic Fluid, most fluid in the body, Saliva
and Breast Milk. These diseases cannot be spread through the following fluids unless
you see blood in them: Tears, Snot, Sputum, Vomit, Urine, Sweat and Feces.

What are three ways our bodies can be How can we protect ourselves from
infected with blood and bodily fluids at Blood Borne diseases?
work?

Employees who outdoors or in areas Treat all fluids as if they are infected and
accessible to the public can encounter protect yourself first before offering help
Biological Hazards needles or condoms that are to someone else. Wear gloves if you are
continued contaminated with blood-borne disease. going to touch fluids and refrain if you
You can also encounter the blood of dont have any. In most cases if the fluid
other workers who are infected. Working only touches your skin you should be all
in a hospital or health facility gives you right, but if there is a small cut on your
an even greater risk because coming into hand or you touch your face afterwards,
contact with bodily fluids is more you will contract the disease. If you
common. personally have a blood-borne disease,
dispose of your bodily fluids properly to
prevent it from spreading.

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