Project : Woman & Child Hospital, Kuala Lumpur Design by : PRC Date: 18/11/13

SLAB DESIGN (FLAT SLAB) Location/slab mark: Typical panel Key in the RED field

(Refer to Clause 3.7, BS 8007)

ly = 8.00 m
lx = 8.00 m

Thickness of Slab, h = 200 mm

Self Weight, = 4.8 kN/m2 Concrete, fcu = 35 N/mm2
Superimposed dead loads = 6.05 kN/m2 Reinforcement, fy = 460 N/mm2
2
Dead Load, DL = 10.85 kN/m Effective depth, d (middle strip) = 159 mm
Live Load, LL = 3 kN/m2 As min = bh/100 0.13% = 260 mm2
n = 1.4DL + 1.6LL = 19.99 kN/m2 (from slab)
UDL, w = 19.99 kN/m Concrete cover = 25 mm clear
Rebars size used = 16 mm

Drop panel size (x-dir)= 2700 (y-dir) 2700 mm The average drop panel load per bay
Drop panel thickness, hdrop = 450 mm = 0.68 kN/m2
Column head, ho = 800 mm
Column head, hc = 0 mm Effective depth, d (support) = 409 mm
Effective span, L = 8.00 mm As min = bh/100 0.13% = 585 mm2

Width of column strip, b = 2700 mm Propotion to span = 0.675

Width of middle strip, bm = 5300 mm Propotion to span = 1.325

A) Design loads and moment

Total dead load, Gk = 11.53 kN/m2
Total live load, Qk = 3.00 kN/m2
Design ultimate laod, n = 20.95 kN/m2 Total design load per bay, F = 1340.6 kN

The moments are calculated using coefficient from Table 3.19, BS 8110
The moments distribution into panels of flat slab as per Table 3.20 Moment distribution
Column Strip Middle Strip
Near center of 1st span, M1span = +0.083xFxL = 890.2 kNm 55% 359.4 kNm 45% 530.8 kNm
1st Interior Support, M1supp = -0.063xFxL = 675.7 kNm 75% 451.8 kNm 25% 223.8 kNm
Center of Interior Span, Mspan = +0.071xFxL = 761.5 kNm 55% 307.4 kNm 45% 454.0 kNm
Interior Support, Msupp = -0.055xFxL = 589.9 kNm 75% 394.5 kNm 25% 195.4 kNm

M1sup = - 675.7 kNm

Msup = - 589.9 kNm

Mspan= + 761.5 kNm Mspan= + 761.5 kNm

M1span= + 890.2 kNm

Moment Envelop (kNm)

B) Column Strip Design

Negitive Moments:-

1st Interior Support Interior Support

M1supp = 451.8 kNm Msupp = 394.5 kNm
2 2
k = M / bd fcu k = M / bd fcu
= 0.0286 = 0.0250
z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d
= 0.967 d > 0.95 d = 0.971 d > 0.95 d
= 0.95 x 409 = 0.95 x 409
= 388.6 mm = 388.6 mm

As = m x / 0.87 fy z As = m x / 0.87 fy z
2 2
= 2906 mm = 1076 mm /m = 2537 mm2 = 939.6 mm2/m

2/3 of the bars are placed in the center half of column strip 2/3 of the bars are placed in the center half of column strip
As = 1937 mm2 = 1435 mm2/m As = 1691 mm2 = 1253 mm2/m
As req = 1435 mm2/m As req = 1253 mm2/m
Provide T 16 @ 125 mm c/c within 1/2 strip Provide T 16 @ 150 mm c/c within 1/2 strip
As prov = 1608 mm2/m > As req ==> OK ! As prov = 1340 mm2/m > As req ==> OK !

Remining bars required Remining bars required

As = 969 mm2 = 717.5 mm2/m As = 846 mm2 = 626.4 mm2/m
As req = 717 mm2/m As req = 626 mm2/m
Provide T 16 @ 250 mm c/c within 1/2 strip Provide T 16 @ 250 mm c/c within 1/2 strip
2
As prov = 804.2 mm /m > As req ==> OK ! As prov = 804 mm2/m > As req ==> OK !

Positive Moments:-

Center of 1st span Center of interior span

M1span = 359.4 kNm Mspan = 307.4 kNm
2 2
k = M / bd fcu k = M / bd fcu
= 0.1504 = 0.1287
z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d
= 0.788 d < 0.95 d = 0.827 d < 0.95 d
= 0.788 x 159 = 0.83 x 159
= 125.3 mm = 131.5 mm

As = m x / 0.87 fy z As = m x / 0.87 fy z
2 2
= 7169 mm = 2655 mm /m = 5841 mm2 = 2163 mm2/m
As req 2 As req 2
= 2655 mm /m = 2163 mm /m
Provide T 20 @ 100 mm c/c Provide T 20 @ 125 mm c/c
As prov 2 As prov 2
= 3142 mm /m > As req ==> OK ! = 2513 mm /m > As req ==> OK !
C) Middle Strip Design

Negitive Moments:-

1st Interior Support Interior Support

M1sup = 223.8 kNm Msup = 195.4 kNm
2 2
k = M / bd fcu k = M / bd fcu
= 0.0477 = 0.0417
z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d
= 0.944 d < 0.95 d = 0.951 d > 0.95 d
= 0.944 x 159 = 0.95 x 159
= 150.1 mm = 151.1 mm

As = m x / 0.87 fy z As = m x / 0.87 fy z
2 2
= 3727 mm = 703.1 mm /m = 3232 mm2 = 609.9 mm2/m
As req 2 As req 2
= 703 mm /m = 610 mm /m
Provide T 12 @ 150 mm c/c Provide T 12 @ 175 mm c/c
As prov 2 As prov 2
= 754 mm /m > As req ==> OK ! = 646 mm /m > As req ==> OK !

Positive Moments:-

1st Span Interior Span

M1sup = 530.8 kNm Msup = 454.0 kNm
2 2
k = M / bd fcu k = M / bd fcu
= 0.1132 = 0.0968
z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d z = [ 0.5 + (0.25 - k/0.9)1/2] d
= 0.852 d < 0.95 d = 0.877 d < 0.95 d
= 0.852 x 159 = 0.877 x 159
= 135.5 mm = 139.5 mm

As = m x / 0.87 fy z As = m x / 0.87 fy z
2 2
= 9784 mm = 1846 mm /m = 8132 mm2 = 1534 mm2/m
As req 2 As req 2
= 1846 mm /m = 1534 mm /m
Provide T 20 @ 150 mm c/c Provide T 20 @ 200 mm c/c
As prov 2 As prov 2
= 2094 mm /m > As req ==> OK ! = 1571 mm /m > As req ==> OK !
(D) Deflection Check (base on basic ratio in Table 3.10, BS8110)
(calculations are made using total moment at mid-span and the average of the column and middle strip tension steels)

Near center of 1st span

Near center of 1st span, M1span = +0.083xFxL = 890.2 kNm
2
M / bd = 4.40
2
Total rebars provided, Asreq aveg =( 2655 + 1846 )/2 = 2251 mm /m
2
Total rebars provided, Asprov aveg =( 3142 + 2094 )/2 = 2618 mm /m

fs = (5/8) x fy x (As / As prov)

= 247 N/mm2
2
Modification = 0.55 + (477 - fs) / [120 (0.9 + mx/bd )]
= 0.91 < 2.00
= 0.91

Allowable l/d = 0.91 x 26 = 23.69

Actual l/d = 8000 / 159 = 50.31 ==> Deflection check, FAIL !!!

Near center of interior span

Center of Interior Span, Mspan = +0.071xFxL = 761.5 kNm
2
M / bd = 3.76
2
Total rebars required, Asreq =( 2163 + 1534 )/2 = 1849 mm /m
2
Total rebars provided, Asprov =( 2513 + 1571 )/2 = 2042 mm /m

fs = (5/8) x fy x (As / As prov)

= 260 N/mm2
2
Modification = 0.55 + (477 - fs) / [120 (0.9 + mx/bd )]
= 0.94 < 2.00
= 0.94

Allowable l/d = 0.94 x 26 = 24.36

Actual l/d = 8000 / 159 = 50.31 ==> Deflection check, FAIL !!!

(E) Shear Check (base on basic ratio in Clause 3.7.6, BS8110)

Internal Columns
Punching shear check
2
Shear, V = 1.15xnx(Lx x Ly - ho2) Vmax = 1.166 N/mm
2
= 1526 kN < 0.8xfcu1/2 = 4.733 N/mm
==> Punching shear check, OK !

Shear check @ 1.5d from column face

perimeter, u =(2 x 1.5 x d) + ho)x4 Shear stress, v = 0.435 N/mm2
= 8108 mm Top reinforcement provided = 1340 mm2/m
shear plane, ls =(2 x 1.5 x d) + ho) = 2.027 m 100As/bd = 0.328
2
Shear, V = 1.15xnx(Lx x Ly - ls ) vc = 0.79x(100As/bd))1/3(400/d)1/4(fcu/25)1/3/1.25
= 1443 kN vc = 0.485 N/mm2
==> 1.5d shear check, OK !