IASbaba's Prelims 60 Day Plan - Art and Culture Subject Wise Compilation

IASbabas 60 Day Plan UPSC Prelims ART & CULTURE 2017
(Subject Wise Compilation)

Q.1) The Pattini Cult, prevalent in Sangam age was associated with
a) Worship of Ancestors
b) Worship of animals
c) Worship of Goddess Kali
d) Worship of Kannagi
Solution (d)
Pattini Cult which was prevanat during the sangam age was associated with the Worship of
Kannagi, the ideal wife, Kannagi was the Wife of Kovalan, their story was the subject of the
Tamil epic Silappadigalam (The jeweled anklet).
Legend has it that Kannagi took revenge on the King of Madurai, for a mistaken death penalty
imposed on her husband Kovalan, by cursing the city with disaster.
Q.2) Which of the following statements about the Fourth Buddhist Council is/are incorrect?
1. It was held under the patronage of Harsha

2. It resulted in the division of Buddhism into Hinayanism and Mahayanism
3. Its proceedings were conducted in Sanskrit
Choose the correct answer using the codes given below
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 1 only
c) 3 only
d) 2 and 3 only
Solution (b)
The Fourth Buddhist Council was held in Kashmir under the patronage of king Kanishka in 1st
Century A.D. It was presided over by Vasumitra. Its main purpose was to settle the difference
between all the 18 sects of Buddhism and to compose the commentaries.
www.iasbaba.com Page 1
It led to the divison of Buddhism into two sects, the Hinayanism and the Mahayanism.
Codification of Sarvastivadinn Doctrines into Mahavibhasa.
The whole Council was conducted in Sanskrit instead of Pali as was done earlier. It led to the
spread of Hinayanism to Burma and Sri lanka and Mahayanism to Central Asia, China and Japan.
Q.3) Consider the following statements with reference to the Buddhist Tripitakas
1. Sutta Pitaka contains the records of the Buddha's teachings and sermons
2. Abhidhhamma Pitaka set out the rules and guidelines for living the monastic life of the
sangha
3. All the Tripitakas were composed at the First Buddhist Council
which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Solution (b)
The Tripitaka was compiled and arranged in its present form by those Arahants who had
immediate contact with the Buddha.
Immediately after the final passing away of the Buddha, 500 distinguished Arahants held a
convention known as the First Buddhist Council to rehearse the Doctrine taught by the Buddha.
Ananda, the faithful attendant of the Buddha who had the special privilege of hearing all the
discourses the Buddha ever uttered, recited the Dhamma, whilst the Upali recited the
Vinayapitaka, the rules of conduct for the Sangha.
The Tripitaka consists of three sections of the Buddha's Teachings. They are the Discipline
(Vinaya Pitaka), the Discourse (Sutta Pitaka), and Ultimate Doctrine (Abhidhamma Pitaka). The
Sutta Pitaka consists chiefly of discourses delivered by the Buddha Himself on various
occasions.
The Abhidhamma is, to a deep thinker, the most important and interesting, as it contains the
profound philosophy of the Buddha's teaching in contrast to the illuminating but simpler
discourses in the Sutta Pitaka. It was Composed at a later stage than the other two Pitakas,
which were compiled at the First Council itself.
Q.4) In Jainism, Posadha means
a) Penance by the Jainas to confess for their sins at the end of the year
b) Fasting by lay Jain members on full and new moon day
c) Initiation ceremony for admitting the new members
d) Punishment given to the violators of the code of conduct
Solution (b)
Posadha is a fast kept by the lay followers of the Jainism, this was to be held twice in a month,
once on Full monn and once on new moon. During Posadha, the layman was to lead life like a
monk. He could not go outside the monastery.
Q.5) The Original Pipal tree at Boudh Gaya was cut down by
a) Sasanka
b) MihirKula
c) Pushyamitra Sunga
d) Dhanananda
Solution (c)
Pushyamitra Sunga was the founder of Sunga Dynasty of Magadha. Pushyamitra Sunga was a
military general in the Mauryan Army. He became the King by killing King Brihadratha, the last
Mauryan emperor.
Pusyamitra was a staunch Hindu, a champion of Brahmanism and that is why the Buddhist texts
show him as a cruel man.
The tree was again cut down by King Pushyamitra Shunga in the 2nd century BC, and by King
Shashanka in 600 AD.
Q.6) The Sulva Sutras dealt with the subject of
a) Astronomy
b) Chemistry
c) Medicine
d) Geometry
Solution (d)
Sulvasutras are sutra texts belonging to the rauta ritual and containing geometry related to
fire-altar construction.
The Shulba Sutras are part of the larger corpus of texts called the Shrauta Sutras, considered to
be appendices to the Vedas. They are the only sources of knowledge of Indian mathematics
from the Vedic period. Unique fire-altar shapes were associated with unique gifts from the
Gods.
Q.7) Which of the following was not a feature of Indus Valley Civilization?
a) Use of burnt bricks

b) Grid pattern of streets
c) Use of Horse drawn chariot
d) Cultivation of wheat
Solution (c)
The significant features of Indus Valley civilization are town planning, construction of burnt-
brick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, not one clear example of horse exists in the
Indus excavations and elsewhere in North India before c. 1800 BCE.
Wheat and barley were widely used; the evidence of Rice is found in only few places.
Q.8) The only Harappan city with houses having entry from main street is
a) Chanduraho
b) Lothal
c) Kalibangan
d) Mahenjodaro
Solution (b)
Lothal is the only Harappan city which had house entries on the main street, rest all the cities
had side entries. Lothal also had an artificial dockyard, a seal containg figure of a horse etc.
Q.9) which of the following Brahmanas describes the eastern sea and the western sea for the
first time
a) Satpatha Brahmana
b) Aithrya Brahmana
c) Gopatha Brahmana
d) Jaiminiya Brahmana
Solution (a)
The First ever mention of the Eastern Sea (Bay of Bengal) and the Western Sea (the Arabian
Sea) is found in the Satpatha Brahmana. It is a Bramhana text of Yajurveda.
Q. 10) Mahamastakabhisheka, a great religious event, is associated with and done for whom
of the following?
a) Mahavira
b) Buddha
c) Nataraja
d) Bahubali
Solution (d)
The Mahamastabhisheka (or Mahamasthak Abhishek) is an important Jain festival held once
every twelve years in the town of Shravanabelagola in Karnataka state, India. The festival is held
in veneration of an immense 18 meterhigh statue of the Bhagwan (or Saint) Gomateshwara
Bahubali. The anointing last took place in February 2006, and the next ceremony will occur in
2018.
Q.11) Which of the Following pairs are correctly matched:
Symbol : Event
1. Horse : Mahabhinishkramana
2. Bodhi Tree : Parinirvana
3. Wheel : Dharmachakrapravartana
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Solution (c)
Symbol Event
Lotus or Bull Birth of Buddha
Horse The Great Renunciation

(Mahabhinishkramana)
Bodhi tree Enlightenment (Nirvana)
Wheel First Sermon (Dhammachakraparivartan
Stupa Death of Buddha (Mahaparinirvana)
Q.12) Consider the following statements with reference to the Pavarana ceremony in
Buddhism
1. It is the Initiation ceremony to induct new followers into Buddhism

2. It is gathering of monks to Confess their misconduct during the indoor stay during the
rainy season
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 or 2
Solution (b)
Pavarana is a Buddhist holy day celebrated on Aashvin full moon of the lunar month. It marks
the end of the 3 lunar months of Vassa.
During the three-month rainy season, the Monks live indoors, at the end of rainy season,
Pravarana ceremony takes place where every monk irrespective of rank, accept, if any, violation
of the code of conduct on their part.
Q.13) Consider the following statements about the life of Chandragupta Maurya
1. He established Muryan Empire by killing the last Nanda ruler

2. Along with Sthulabahu he went to Shravanabelagola and undertook Sallekhana
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 or 2
Solution (a)
The Maurya Empire was founded in 322 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya, who had overthrown
the Nanda Dynasty and rapidly expanded his power westward across central and western India
in order to take advantage of the disruptions of local powers in the wake of the withdrawal by
Alexander the Great's armies.
According to Jain accounts, Chandragupta abdicated his throne in favour of his son Bindusara,
embraced Jainism, and followed Bhadrabahu and other monks to South India. He is said to have
ended his life at Shravanabelagola (in present-day Karnataka) through Sallekhana.
Q.14) Consider the following statements with reference to the Sangam literature
1. The main language used in Sangam literature was Telugu

2. The Sangam college flourished under the royal patronage of Cholas
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 or 2
Solution (d)
Sangam literature comprises some of the oldest extant Tamil literature, and deals with love,
war, governance, trade and bereavement. Much of the Tamil literature belonging to the
Sangam period has been lost. The literature currently available from this period is perhaps just
a fraction of the material produced during this period.
In the Sangam literature, the Tamil language had reached a level of maturity and began to serve
as a powerful and elegant medium of literary expression. Sangam Literature was patronized by
Pandyas who had their capital in Madurai.
Q.15) Tolkappiyam is a
a) Tamil epic
b) Book of sacrifices
c) Eulogy of Pandyas
d) Book on Tamil grammer
Solution (d)
Tolkappiam is a work on the grammar of the Tamil language and the earliest extant work of
Tamil literature and linguistics.
Tolkappiyam categorises alphabet into consonants and vowels by analysing the syllables. It
grammatises the use of words and syntaxes and moves into higher modes of language analysis.
The Tolkppiyam formulated thirty phonemes and three dependent sounds for Tamil.
Q.16) Which of the following Sultanates of Delhi was the first to use Red Sandstone widely for
construction
a) Slave dynasty
b) Khilji Dynasty
c) Lodhi Dynasty
d) Sayyid dynasty
Solution (b)
The architecture during Khilji dynasty was in the formative stage of building art that made a
little progress in the last years of the thirteenth century in India. Khiljis were the second Muslim
dynasty and ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1290 to 1320. Under the reign of Ala-ud-din Khilji,
who ascended the throne of Delhi in 1296, a crucial development in the field of architecture
took place. He was considered as a great patron of Islamic architecture. This ruler's most
important building projects were the extension of the Qutb mosque and the construction of Siri
Fort in Delhi.
Most of these monuments were built in the Arabian style of architecture. Ala ud-Din was an
ambitious builder and started the construction of a huge Minar near the Qutab Minar. This
building consists of square hall covered by dome, which arched doorways on each of its four
sides. The building was built with red- stone, while its surface was made of white marble. It
contained calligraphic inscriptions and decorative patterns.
The slave dynasty did not build much new buildings, rather they converted the old temples into
mosques. The Red sandstone was widely used by the Khiljis, the earlier dynasties used grey
sandstone. The use of red sand stone peaked during the reign of Mughals.
Q.17) The construction of Hanging Balcony is associated with which of the following style of
architecture
a) Mughal style
b) Jaunpur style
c) Rajput style
d) Bijapur style
Solution (c)
A Jharokha (or jharoka) is a type of overhanging enclosed balcony used in Architecture of Rajput
style in Rajasthan. Jharokhas jutting forward from the wall plane could be used both for adding
to the architectural beauty of the building itself or for a specific purpose. One of the most
important functions it served was to allow women to see the events outside without being seen
themselves. Alternatively, these windows could also be used to position archers and spies.
The jharokha is a stone window projecting from the wall face of a building, in an upper story,
overlooking a street, market, court or any other open space. It is supported on two or more
brackets or corbelling, has two pillars or pilaster, balustrade and a cupola or pyramidal roof;
technically closed by jalies but generally partly open for the inmates to peep out to see passing
processions. The jharokha is more formal and ornamental than English or French oriel and is
one of the most distinctive characteristics of the faade in medieval Indian architecture until
the 19th century.
The projected balcony is an essential element of Rajasthani architecture, both as decoration

and as a viewing platform. The chajjas - sloping eaves that projected out above the balconies -
increase protection from both the summer sun and monsoon rain. Jharokhas are mainly used in
palaces, havelis and temples
Q.18) Consider the following statements with reference to the Gandhara School of Arts
1. The sculpture of Gandhara school were made of Red Sandstone

2. Shatavahanas were the chief Patrons of Gandhara school of Arts
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (d)
The Gandhara School of Art (also Gandharva School of Art) occupies a high place in the history
of the Indian Art. This art form has played an important part in the development of the Indian
art.
Gandhara style of art that developed in sculpture was a fusion of Greco-Roman and Indian
styles. Gandhara school was heavily influenced by Greek methodologies, the figures were more
spiritual and sculpted mainly in Blue-grey Mica schist / Grey Sandstone, and great detail was
paid to exact depiction of body parts. It is also known as Graeco-Buddhist School of art.
The Gandharan Buddha image was inspired by Hellenistic realism, tempered by Persian,
Scythian, and Parthian models.
Theme is mainly Buddhist, depicting various stories from the life of Buddha. Sculptors
constructed Buddhist images with anatomical accuracy, spatial depth, and foreshortening.
The images of Buddha resembled Greek God Apollo. Buddhas curls were altered into wavy hair.
The Buddha of Gandhara art is sometimes very thin, which is opposite in Mathura art. More
stress is given to the bodily features and external beauty.
The Gaandhara as well as Mathura schools of arts were patronized by kushanas as well as
Shakas.
Q.19) Consider the following statements with reference to the Allahabad Pillar inscription
1. It gives a detailed account of the conquests of Samudragupta

2. the inscription is written in Sanskrit language
3. the author of the inscription is Harisena
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Solution (d)
The famous Allahabad pillar inscription of Samudragupta (335375 A.D.) is the most important
historical document of the classical Gupta age. Its detailed list of conquered and allied dynasties
and kingdoms contains not only a unique state of the art or who is who of contemporary
South Asia.
It also depicts the concentric structure of the emerging Gupta empire with its dynastic core
area, extended by annexed neighbouring kingdoms and surrounded by a circle of tributary
vassals and by powerful allies at the periphery the Gupta mandala. The list of twelve rulers
whom Samudragupta captured and released out of favour on his expedition to the South
(daksinapatha) provides an indispensable source of our knowledge of late fourth-century
eastern and southern India.
The inscription is written in excellent Sanskrit and its author Harisena rightly calls it a poem
(kavya). He was a princely minister of war and peace and a military commander and praised
Samudragupta as a God, living on earth only for performance of rituals and conventions.
Q.20) Consider the following statements with reference to the Miniature Paintings of Mughal
era
1. Religious rituals and mythology were the main theme of these miniatures
2. Hunting scenes and the scenes of court were also portrayed in these paintings
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (b)
Mughal Miniature are painted in opaque watercolour. Other materials used in the paintings are
ink and gold on paper.
It was customary for the Mughal Miniature painters to make their colours from the indigenous
materials. They extracted green from the green beetles. For getting yellow colour of some
strength, they used the dried urine of cow.
In the miniatures painted during the time of Mughal Empire and the Rajput kings have generally
depicted the life style of the kings and the prices. The Mughal Miniature painters chose their
subjects involving the courts and the kings.
These Miniatures were ruler oriented, Glorification of the ruler was the main themes in these
paintings. Along with this, the scenes from the court, the hunting scenes are also portrayed.
Animals and birds are painted accompanying the ruler. The Miniature artists also painted
animals like Cheetah in the scenes involving bravery of a prince. They would paint natural
scenes like trees and gardens. Such paintings are done for the illustrations of events narrated in
the book Akabarnama.
Thus, the birds and garden became the additional beauty of the miniatures done during and
after his time. However, in the subsequent period, the Emperors of Mughal dynasty were not
so fond of art. But the miniature paintings had become the integral part of Indias social
structure. The Rajput kings ruling present day Rajasthan and other areas supported the painters
and the art remained alive.
Q.21) Consider the following statements with reference to the Pahari school of paintings
1. It flourished in the Western Ghats region of India
2. Sense of depth is achieved by the extensive use of shading
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (b)
The style of painting which flourished in Basohli, Jammu, Garhwal, Chamba, Kangra, Guler and
Mandi in the hilly areas in the northwest has been termed the Pahari school. The art of
miniature painting in the Punjab hills known as Pahari painting was influenced to some extent
by the Mughal painting of Aurangzebs period.
During the reign of Aurangazeb, the patronage for the artists declined and they migrated to the
neighboring kingdoms, they spread across the foothills of Himalayas, and were given patronage
by the Rajput Kings.
Scholars have categorized Pahari paintings on the basis of geography and family style. These
paintings developed and flourished during the period of 17th to 19th century under the
patronage of Rajput kings. Indian Pahari paintings have been made mostly in miniature forms.
Paintings executed on the basis of texts like Bhagwad-Purana, Geet-Govind, Sursagar,

Rasikpriya, Bihari-Satsai, nayika-bheda and rag-ragini are the main heritage of the Kangra and
Basohli styles. In the Basohli style, like the Mewar style, indicative colors and folk art
predominate. In the Pahari school of paintings, expression of sentiment, rhythm in line and
color and diversity of subject matter are unique in the Kangra style.
Pahari Paintings are different from other types of Indian folk paintings because they use
shading extensively. This gives them a sense of depth which most other folk paintings lack. One
of the most extensive and exquisite collections of Pahari miniatures may be found in the Bhuri
Singh Musuem in Chamba, Himachal Pradesh.
Q.22) The Pattachitra paintings developed in which of the following regions
a) Andhra Pradesh
b) Karnataka
c) Orissa
d) Kerala
Solution (c)
Pattachitra is a general term for traditional, cloth-based scroll painting, based in the eastern
Indian state, Odisha. In the Sanskrit language, "Patta" literally means "cloth" and "Chitra"
means "picture". Most of these paintings depict stories of Hindu deities specially inspired by
Jagannath and Vaishnava sect.
Patta paintings are done on small strips of cotton cloth. The canvas is prepared by coating the
clothe with a mixture of chalk and gum made from tamarind seeds. Then it is rubbed by taking
the help of two different stones and then the cloth is dried.The mixture of gum and chalk gives
the cloth's surface a leathery finish on which the artists paint with vegetable, earth and stone
colours. The painters do not use pencil or charcoal for the preliminary drawings. They are so
expert in the line that they simply draw directly with the brush either in light red or yellow.
Then the colours are filled in. The final lines are drawn and the patta is given a lacquer coating
to protect it from weather, thus making the painting glossy. This process of glazing or varnishing
is quite interesting. The painting is held over a fireplace so that the back of the painting is
exposed to heat. On the surface of the painting fine lacquer is applied.
(Pattachitra Paintings examples)
Q.23) Consider the following statements with reference to the Thangka Paintings
1. These paintings are primarily found in West Bengal

2. The themes are primarily scenes of Hindu Mythology
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (d)
Thankas/Thangkas are religious scrolls found hanging in monasteries and in Sikkimese homes.
They normally depict life sketches of gods and goddesses in different forms. They may depict
life sketches of gods and goddesses in different forms. They may depict the life of Lord Buddha,
goddess Drolma (Tara), a wheel of life or any other deity. The central figure in a Thanka is
always a Buddha or any other deity or bodhisattva of Mahayana Buddhism. Other figures
depicted around the main deity have their mystical significance.
Thankas in Sikkim have a religious and spiritual significance and is regarded as a sacred object.
They occupy a predominant place in monasteries and home. The materials used are stone
colors and vegetable dyes together with gold dust and gold thread used for the tapestry. The
paintings are bordered with rich silk and brocade with heavily engraved silver knobs at either
ends at the lower half of the Thanka.
Thangka Painting.
Q.24) Consider the following statements with reference to the Tanjore paintings
1. These paintings are very richly decorated with glass beads, pearls and precious stones.
2. Extensive use of Gold leaf is the significant feature of these paintings
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (c)
Tanjore Painting is one of the most popular forms of classical South Indian painting. It is the
native art form of Thanjavur (also known as Tanjore) city of Tamil Nadu. The dense
composition, surface richness and vibrant colors of Indian Thanjavur Paintings distinguish them
from the other types of paintings.
Then, there are embellishments of semi-precious stones, pearls and glass pieces that further
add to their appeal. The relief work gives them a three-dimensional effect. Tanjore Painting of
India originated during the 16th century, under the reign of the Cholas.
Maratha princes, Nayakas, Rajus communities of Tanjore and Trichi and Naidus of Madurai also
patronized Indian Thanjavur Paintings from 16th to 18th century. Most of these paintings
revolve around the theme of Hindu Gods and Goddesses, along with saints.
The main figure is always painted at the center of the painting. Since Tanjore paintings are
mainly done on solid wood planks, they are locally known as 'Palagai Padam' (palagai meaning
wooden plank and padam meaning picture).
Laces or threads may also be used to decorate the painting. To further augment the effect,
wafer thin sheets of gold are pasted in relief on some parts of the painting, while the other
parts are painted in bright colors.
Tanjore Painting.
Q.25) Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?
Paintings style : Region
1. Warli painting : Maharashtra

2. Manjusha painting : Gujrat
3. Kalamkari painting : Andhra Pradesh
Choose the correct answer using the codes given below
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Solution (b)
Worli Paintings: Warli painting is a style of tribal art mostly created by the Adivasi from the
North Sahyadri Range in India. This range encompasses cities such as Dahanu, Talasari, Jawhar,
Palghar, Mokhada, and Vikramgadh of Palghar district. This tribal art originated from
Maharashtra, where it is still practiced today.
These rudimentary wall paintings use a set of basic geometric shapes: a circle, a triangle, and a
square. These shapes are symbolic of different elements of nature. The circle and the triangle
come from their observation of nature. The circle is representing the sun and the moon while
the triangle is derived from mountains and pointed trees. In contrast, the square appears to be
a human invention, indicating a sacred enclosure or a piece of land. The central motif in each
ritual painting is the square, known as the "chalk" or "Shaukat", mostly of two types known as
Devchauk and Lagnachauk. Inside a Devchauk is usually Palaghata, the mother goddess,
symbolizing fertility
Manjusha Painting: Manjushas are an Indian art form. They are temple-shaped boxes
comprising eight pillars. They are made of bamboo, jute and paper. They also contain paintings
of Hindu gods and goddesses and other characters. These boxes are used in Bishahari puja, a
festival dedicated to the Snake God that is celebrated in Bhagalpur (Bihar) and nearby regions,
India.
Manjusha art is the folk art of Ang region which is based on Folklore of Bihula-Bishari. In region
in modern era known as Bhagalpur. It is one of the popular art form of Bihar.
Manjusha art is believed to be the only art form in the history of art form in India which has a
sequential representation of the story and is displayed in a series. This is also called a scroll
painting.
Kalamkari Painting: Kalamkari literally means, Kalam - pen & kari - work, i.e., art work done
using a pen. Vegetable dyes are used to colour the designs applied on cloth. The art of painting
using organic dyes on cloth was popular in several parts of India, but this style of Kalamkari
flourished at Kalahasti (80 miles north of Chennai) and at Masulipatnam (200 miles east of
Hyderabad).
The Kalamkari tradition chiefly consists of scenes from Hindu mythology. Figures of deities with
rich border embellishments were created for the temples. In Masulipatnam, the weavers were
involved in the block printing art, while at Kalahasti, the Balojas (a caste involved in making
bangles) took to this art.
Q.26) Consider the following statements with reference to the Pottery of Indus Valley
Civilization
1. Painted Black and red ware was the most common type of pottery
2. Pottery was handmade as Harappan people did not know the use of pottery wheel
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
The Harappan pottery is bright or dark red and uniformly sturdy and well baked. It consists
chiefly of wheel made wares both plain and painted. The plain pottery is more common than
the painted ware. The plain ware is usually of red clay with or without a fine red slip.
The painted pottery is of red and black colours. Several methods were used by people for the
decoration of pottery. Geometrical patterns, circles, squares and triangles and figures of
animals, birds, snakes or fish are frequent motifs found in Harappan pottery. Another favourite
motive was tree pattern. Plants, trees and pipal leaves are found on pottery.
Q.27) Consider the following statements with reference to the Kalighat paintings
1. These paintings originated in Kerala
2. These paintings were generally made using oil paints
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (d)
Kalighat painting is a school of modern art that originated in 19th century Calcutta, India, which
was then the capital of British India. Made on mostly cloth or paper scrolls, Kalighat paintings
are so named due to the thriving settlement of the patuas or cloth-painters around the temples
of Kali at Kalighat in Kolkatta. The theme of these paintings were mostly mythological
characters that later evolved to civil life in Calcutta along with other secular and contemporary
themes. The brushwork on these paintings are deemed by experts as deft, seamless, flowing
and one of the smoothest art forms in India.
unconventional tools used to make these paintings. Squirrel and goat hair was used to make
the brush that was used for sketch drawings. The black ink used for this purpose was made
using soot produced by burning an oil lamp under a pot. The other vibrant colors used for filling
the painting were essentially homemade in the form of either vegetable dyes or powdered
stone fragments of different colors. The dry colors would be mixed with either gum or water to
create paint fit to be used on paper and textile.
Q.28) Consider the following statements with reference to the Mathura school of Art
1. Spotted red sandstone was the material used in this school

2. Images belonging only to Buddhism are found in this school of art
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
Mathura School of art is purely indigenous style. Mathura art developed during post Maurya
peiod (mainly during Shunga period) and reached its peak during the Gupta period (AD 325 to
600).
The traditional centre, Mathura, remained the main art production site whereas Sarnath and
Kosambi also emerged as important centres of art production. Spotted red sandstone was used
in this school.
The Mathura School of Art, noted for its vitality and assimilative character, was a result of the
religious zeal of Brahmanism, Jainism and Buddhism. Images of Vaishnava and Shaiva faiths are
also found at Mathura but Buddhist images are found in large numbers. The images of Vishnu
and Shiva are represented by their weapons. Images of the Buddha, Yakshas, Yakshinis, Shaivite
and Vaishnavite deities and portrait statues are profusely sculpted.
Q.29) Consider the following statements about the architecture of Tughlaq dynasty
1. Grey sandstone was used in the construction of buildings

2. Buildings of Tughlaq dynasty had elaborate decorations and carvings
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
Tughlaq architecture in the Indian subcontinent are mostly simple, monotonous and heavy
structures built during the Tughluq dynasty. They look more like fortresses with walls
surrounding them and lack decoration and embellishment. Their architecture suffers from a
lack of Hindu influence and craftsmanship which was later found in Lodi and Mughal
architecture. But Hindu influence on Tughluq buildings was not totally absent. Features of
Hindu influences on Tughluq architecture include the flat lintel instead of pointed arch, pillars,
windows with balconies and eaves and railings.
The forts and the earliest buildings were made of Grey sand stone, and were very simple in
construction. Later Tughlaqs used red sandstone and marble in the construction of tombs.
Tughluqs built three main types of tombs: square, octagonal and pavilion. The last type was the
simplest, consisting of a pavilion or a chhatri. The simple tombs are most likely to be those of
nobles and family members of the sultans.
Q.30) Panchayatan Style is associated with which of the following
a) Mughal garden architecture

b) Painting style that originated in Mysore
c) Hindu temple architecture
d) Buddhist Stupa architecture
Solution (c)
A Hindu temple is a Panchayatana one when the main shrine is surrounded by four subsidiary
shrines. The origin of the name is from the Sanskrit words Pancha (five) et ayatana (containing).
Generally, the Hindu temple are built along a west-east axis. So, the four subsidiary shrines are
at the north-east, south-east, south-west, north-west.
The circles with no 9 represent the subsidiary shrines, they are situated in the four corners of
the temple complex.
Q.31) Consider the following statements with reference to the Kuchipudi dance
1. It is a classical dance form which originated in Tamilnadu

2. The dance is accompanied by music which is in classical Hindustani style
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (d)
Kuchipudi is one of the classical dance styles of India. Around the third and fourth decade of
this century it emerged out of a long rich tradition of dance-drama of the same name.
In fact, Kuchipudi is the name of a village in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. It is about 35
km. from Vijayawada. To show the dexterity of the dancers in footwork and their control and
balance over their bodies, techniques like dancing on the rim of a brass plate and with a pitcher
full of water on the head was introduced. Acrobatic dancing became part of the repertoire. By
the middle of this century, Kuchipudi fully crystallized as a separate classical solo dance style.
Thus there are now two forms of Kuchipudi; the traditional musical dance-drama and the solo
dance.
The music that accompanies the dance is according to the classical school of Carnatic music and
is delightfully syncopatic. The accompanying musicians, besides the vocalist are: a mridangam
player to provide percussion music, a violin or veena player or both for providing instrumental
melodic music, and a cymbal player who usually conducts the orchestra
Q.32) Consider the following statements with reference to Mohiniyattam
1. It is a classical dance form of Kerala

2. It is performed in a group of two or more male dancers
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
Mohiniyattam literally interpreted as the dance of Mohini, the celestial enchantress of the
Hindu mythology, is the classical solo dance form of Kerala.
According to a Puranic story, Lord Vishnu took on the guise of a Mohini to seduce the Asuras,
both in connection with churning of the ocean and episode of the slaying of Bhasmasura.
Following on this tradition the Mohiniyattam is performed by females and is a solo dance.
The delicate body movements and subtle facial expressions are more feminine in nature and
therefore are ideally suited for performance by women. The dancers were called by different
names during different periods of time.
They were called as TaiNangai or Nangachi (one with beautiful hand), Dasi (servant), Tevitichi or
Deva-Adi-Achi (the one who served at the feet of the Lord), Koothachi (who performed koothu
or dance).
Mohiniyattam is characterized by graceful, swaying body movements with no abrupt jerks or

sudden leaps. It belongs to the lasya style which is feminine, tender and graceful.
The movements are emphasized by the glides and the up and down movement on toes, like the
waves of the sea and the swaying of the coconut, palm trees and the paddy fields. The foot
work is not terse and is rendered softly. Importance is given to the hand gestures and
Mukhabhinaya with subtle facial expressions.
Q.33) Consider the following statements with reference to Jhumar Dance
1. It is a folk-dance preformed during the harvest season

2. It is performed by the tribal people of Gujrat
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
This dance is performed mainly during the harvest season. The harvest season is usually
accompanied with the monsoon season i.e. from August to September. It mainly portrays the
happy lives of the tribal folk of Jharkhand and Orissa.
This dance is performed primarily by males. Their svelte gait and the style of dance is definitely
a treat for the eye. The dancers move around in circles with the musical instrument drum
placed at the centre. The melodious tunes are sung by the dancers during the dance.
Sometimes females also take part in this dance. Apart from the drum, various instruments used
are kartal, bansuri, dhol, sangi and so on. When females take part in this dance, Jhumar takes
the new name of Janani Jhumar.
Jhumer of Jharkhand is not to be confused with Jhoomer dance, which is associated with the
Punjab region.
Q.34) Which of the following art forms is did not originate in Kerala
a) Kudiyattam
b) Mohiniyattam
c) Yakshagana
d) Kathakali
Solution (c)
Yakshagana: Yakshagana is a traditional theatre form combining dance, music, spoken word,
costume-makeup, and stage technique with a distinct style and form. It is a theatre form mainly
prevalent in the coastal districts and adjacent areas, in Karnataka. It is closely connected with
other forms prevailing in other parts of Karnataka, and its neighboring states of Andhra Pradesh
and Tamilnadu.
Mohiniyattam: Refer solution of Q.32
Koodiyattam: Koodiyattam also transliterated as Kutiyattam, is a form of Sanskrit theatre

traditionally performed in the state of Kerala, India. It is officially recognised by UNESCO as a
Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Evidence show that this dance
form was in vogue in all major temples from ninth century, and it became a full-fledged
dramatic presentation before the fifteenth century. Koodiyattam literally means "acting
together". Koodiyattam used to be a combined dance drama conducted by the Chakkiyars (a
caste among Hindus), who provided the male cast and the Nangiars (women of the Nambiyar
caste), playing the female roles. Koodiyattam performance lasts for several days ranging from 6
to 20 days. Themes are based on Hindu mythology.
Kathakali: Kathakali, an important genre in the Indian classical dance form, is associated with
storytelling form of this art. It is the dance drama from the south Indian state of Kerala. Similar
to other Indian classical dance arts, the story in Kathakali is also communicated to audience
through excellent footwork and impressive gestures of face and hands complimented with
music and vocal performance. However, it can be distinguished from the others through the
intricate and vivid make-up, unique face masks and costumes worn by dancers as also from
their style and movements that reflect the age-old martial arts and athletic conventions
prevalent in Kerala and surrounding regions.
Q.35) The string puppet art form of Kathputli is associated with which of the following states
a) Bihar
b) Karnataka
c) Maharashtra
d) Rajasthan
Solution (d)
Kathputli is a string puppet theatre, native to Rajasthan, India, and is the most popular form of
Indian puppetry. Being a string marionette, it is controlled by a single string that passes from
the top of the puppet over the puppeteers. Kathputli is a join of two rajasthani language words
Kath meaning wood and Putli meaning a doll which has no life. Kathputli means a puppet which
is made entirely from wood.
Q.36) Consider the following statements with reference to Togalu gombeyaata
1. It is a puppet show unique to the state of Karnataka

2. It is a shadow puppet art form which uses dolls made of leather
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (c)
Togalu Gombeyaata is a puppet show unique to the state of Karnataka, India. Togalu
Gombeyaata translates to a play of leather dolls in the native language of Kannada. It is a form
of shadow puppetry
The puppets used in Togalu Gombeyaata are made of leather. Goat hide and deer skin are
generally used for making these puppets since they have the characteristic of transparency and
can easily absorb colours. The hide is then cut into appropriate shapes which are joined
together using strings and small sticks. For puppets representing human and animal figures, the
head and limbs are joined in such a way that they can be moved easily. The puppets are usually
characters from the Hindu epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata.
A stage is set up using bamboo stems and woollen blankets. A white semi-transparent cloth is
strung across and serves as a screen on which the images of the puppets are projected. The
puppets are strung across a rope behind the screen and a bright oil lamp placed behind the
puppets project their images on to the screen. The puppeteers sit behind the screen and
manipulate the puppets based on the scene being played
Q.37) Consider the following statements with reference to the UNESCOs List of the Intangible
Cultural Heritage of Humanity
1. Yoga and Navroz are the recent additions to this list from India
2. Sankirtana, a ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur was added to the list in
2013
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (c)
UNESCO established its lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring the better
protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their
significance. This list is published by Intergovernmental Committee for the safeguarding of
Intangible Cultural Heritage and the members to this are elected by States parties meeting in
UN general assembly.
The list was established in 2008 when the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage took effect.
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity comprises cultural

"practices and expressions that help demonstrate the diversity of this heritage and raise
awareness about its importance."
Nauroz/Navroz and Yoga were added to the list in 2016. In 2013, Sankirtana, a ritual singing,
drumming and dancing of Manipur was added to the list.
With the latest addition, the list has 12 cultural objects from India.
Q.38) Consider the following statements with reference to the Vinaya Pitaka
1. Vinaya Pitaka was compiled by Upali

2. It is a collection of sermons of Buddha
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
The Vinaya Piaka is a Buddhist scripture, one of the three parts that make up the Tripitaka. Its
primary subject matter is the monastic rules for monks and nuns. It was compiled at the First
Council shortly after the Buddha's death, and recited by Upali, with little later addition.
According to the scriptures, in the first years of the Buddha's teaching the sangha lived together
in harmony with no vinaya, as there was no need, because all of the Buddha's early disciples
were highly realized if not fully enlightened. As the sangha expanded situations arose which the
Buddha and the lay community felt were inappropriate for samanas. Sutta Pitaka is the
collection of sermons of Buddha.
Q.39) Consider the following statements with reference to the Baul music
1. Baul music is a form of folk music practiced in Bihar

2. It has been included in the UNESCOs list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (b)
The Bauls are Indias wandering minstrels of West Bengal, whose song and dance reflect the
joy, love and longing for mystical union with the Divine. Bauls are free thinkers who openly
declare themselves to be mad for the God who dwells within us all.
Their membership consists both of Hindus (primarily Vaishnavites, or followers of Lord Vishnu)
and Muslims (generally Sufis, or mystics). Their songs frequently deal with the love between the
human personality and a personal god, who resides within the individual. Little is known of the
development of the cult, as their songs began to be collected and written down only in the 20th
century. Rabindranath Tagore was one of many Bengali authors who acknowledged an
indebtedness of inspiration to Baul verse. It was incorporated into the List of intangible cultural
heritage in 2008.
Q.40) Mando musical art form is associated with which of the following states
a) Maharashtra
b) Goa
c) Karnataka
d) Kerala
Solution (b)
Mando or Manddo (Konkani mn) is a musical form that evolved during the 19th and 20th
century among Goan Catholics of Goa, India. It represents the meeting point of Indian and
western musical traditions. The music has elements of both Indian and western culture. The
males wear formal coats, showing Portuguese influence, while females wear a unique Indian
costume (bazu torop or pano baju).
The plural of manddo in Konkani is mande.The major theme of mandos is love, the minor ones
being historical narratives, grievance against exploitation and social injustice, and political
resistance during the Portuguese presence in Goa.With grace in voice charm in costumes the
performances are enhanced.
Instruments used in mando music are guitars, violins and the ghumot drum. The mando is
mostly a monologue, in the first person singular or plural, except for the historical narratives. In
some mandos, however, one person addresses another, who in turn replies. Singing is
accompanied by gentle turning sideways to the rhythm, thus creating both a visual and auditory
performance.
Q.41) Thang-ta, a martial arts dance form is associated with which of the following states?
a) Assam
b) West Bengal
c) Manipur
d) Uttarakhand
Solution (c)
Than Ta dance is a weapon based martial dance form of its state Manipur. This dance was
created by Meitei people in Manipur region. Also this dance name is derived from two words
which are commonly known as Thang means sword and ta means spear. As from the name this
dance form name means it is a sword and spear dance form and dancers make use of these
primary weapons in their dance form. The sword used in it is in non missile form while when it
is close and is thrown afar even. Some other weapons are even used in this dance form such as
axe and shield.
Thang Ta dance is a spectacular dance form which is which is carried out in three different ways
such as demonstration, ritual and combat. The ritual dance form for Thang ta is entirely related
to tantric practices and is ritualistic in nature. The demonstration consists of outstanding
performances involving usage of spear and sword dances. Sometimes these dances are
converted into actual fighting practices. The third dance category that is the combat is a true
dance category. Furthermore this dance is most exquisite dance form and is carried out by
usage of swords and spears. More of this dance is similar to martial dance form and is carried
out by the people of Manipur basically the Meitei residents. Now days this dance form has
become very popular and many women and men from other parts of India has specially taken
interest in learning this dance form.
Q.42) Consider the following statements with reference to the Silambam martial art form
1. It is a weaponless, hand-to-hand combat system

2. This martial art form is chiefly practiced in Tamilnadu
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (b)
Silambam is a traditional stick martial art from South India. South India has a rich culture of
many thousands years, at least inheritated since the Dravidian empires. The nowaday Tamil
culture and people still have highly valuable gems to share, amongst them is Silambam. Though
fighting with sticks is universal, it has reached there a summit in technics intricacy, complexity
and efficiency.
Silambam is the name in Tamil for a practice encountered throughout the whole South India. It
supposedly comes from Silam or Silambu, meaning hill in Tamil, and Bamboo, a Marhat word.
Hence Silambamboo, shortened to Silambam, roughly meaning "Bamboo from the Hills", as
sticks were usually made out of a special kind of filled, yellow bamboo found there.
We can point that the style hereby presented originates from the Kurinji Hills, presently in the
Kerala state, which also consolidates the reference to hills.
The salient parts of it are the very well structured techniques, deeply articulated to each others,
a lot of footworks, the fluency of play, and some fighting strategies.
It can be seen both as a healthy practice, like a Yoga, with beautifully flowing techniques, and as
an efficient, combative system.
Q.43) Which of the following is not a martial art form
a) Gatka
b) Huyen langlon
c) Mardani khel
d) Khalbelia
Solution (d)
Kalbelia or Kabeliya is one of the most sensuous dance forms of Rajasthan, performed by a tribe
of the same name. They are famous for their dance which is an integral part of their culture.
Both men and women in the tribe participate in this activity to celebrate joyful occasions.
Gatka is a martial arts form prevalent in Punjab, It uses the sword as its primary weapon, many
other weapons are available to the Gatka master. Today, this art exists exclusively amongst the
Sikhs who have passed down the techniques through generations. Gatka is a complete martial
system which uses spiritual, mental and physical skills in equal portions to help one fully
competent in defending themselves and others.
Huyen langlon is an Indian martial art from Manipur. In the Meitei language, huyen means war
while langlon or langlong can mean net, knowledge or art. Huyen langlon consists of two main
components: thang-ta (armed combat) and sarit sarak (unarmed fighting). The primary
weapons of huyen langlon are the thang (sword) and ta (spear). The spear can be used in its
non-missile form while in close or thrown from afar. Other weapons include the shield and the
ax. Unarmed combat incorporates hand strikes, kicks, and grappling (mukna). Because of
Manipur's cultural similarity and geographical proximity with Myanmar, huyen langlon is closely
related to Burmese bando and banshay.
Mardani khel is a weapon-based Indian martial art from Maharashtra. It is particularly known
for its use of the uniquely Indian pata (sword) and vita (corded lance).
Q.44) Consider the following statements with reference to the Lalitkala Academy
1. The Lalit Kala Akademi was setup for the development of Visual arts
2. It awards Bhasha Samman in recognition of works produced in regional languages
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
The Lalit Kala Akademi (National Academy of Arts) was inaugurated in New Delhi on August 5th,
1954, by the then Minister for Education, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. The youngest of the three
Akademies founded by the Government of India, the Lalit Kala Akademi was established in
pursuance of the dream of the first Prime Minister of independent India, Pandit Jawaharlal
Nehru for a cultural and national identity. Thus the Lalit Kala Akademi as one among three such
national organizations, that emerged. The LKA was the principal establishment to direct its
focus on activities in the field of visual arts.
It encourages study and research in the fields of creative arts such as painting, sculpture and
graphics.
Bhasha samman is conferred by Sahiyta Academy (national academy of letters), it was

instituted in 1996 to be given to writers, scholars, editors, collectors, performers or translators
who have made considerable contribution to the propagation, modernization or enrichment of
the languages concerned. The Samman carries a plaque alongwith an amount equal to its
awards for creative literature, i.e. rupees 1,00,000. The Sammans are given to 3-4 persons
every year in different languages on the basis of recommendation of experts' committees
constituted for the purpose.
Q.45) Kashida embroidery is associated with which of the following states?
a) Himachal Pradesh
b) Haryana
c) Jammu and Kashmir
d) West Bengal
Solution (c)
Kashida embroidery: Known to be one of the most ancient and traditional type of intrinsic art,
Kashida Embroidery, also spelled as Kasida defines its cultural essence through the medium of
bead and threadwork, which has gained maximum popularity, fame and recognition in the
ethnic land of Jammu and Kashmir. The purest essence and forms of nature like birds, leaves,
trees and many such natural motifs are replicated in this embroidery with multi colored threads
and beads woven into the fabrics like shawls and saris.
Single stitch style is considered to be the signature style of Kashida Embroidery. Besides there
are many other stitches like satin stitch, herringbone, stem stitch, chain stitch, knot stitch and
many more which are also creatively implemented. These stitches are however not executed
more than twice. There are many other intrinsic styles like sozni work, papier mache work and
even hook or ari work which comes under the wings of this embroidery style, as traditional
motifs like animals, birds, flowers, and fruits are woven into the fabric with the threads of gold,
silver and other metallic colored threads which replicate the sheer essence of the mystic
nature.
Q.46) Which of the following are the Martial Art forms of India?
1. Silambam
2. Thang ta
3. Gatka
Select the code from below:
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2
c) 2and 3
d) All of the above
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Silambam is a weapon-based Indian martial art from Tamil Nadu. Every states have its own style
of martial arts. A wide variety of weapons are used in silamban, some of which are not found
anywhere else in the world. Silambam art also used animal movements of snake, tiger, eagle
forms and footwork patterns is play a key role here as well. Another part of Silambam is Kuttu
varisai, it is the unarmed kind of martial art.
Thang Ta is popular term for the ancient Manipuri Martial Art also known as HUYEN LALLONG.
Manipuri martial arts with swords and spears, is a strong yet gracefully sophisticated art.
Gatkais weapon-based Indian martial art basically created by the Sikhs of Punjab. There are
many weapons used in Gatka like, Stick, Talwar, kirpan and kataar. The attacking and defense
methods are based upon the positions of the hands feet and nature of weapons used. It is also
displayed during the different celebrations or at fairs in Punjab.
Q.47) Consider the following statement related to Thumri
1. It is a love song.
2. It is termed as 'semi' or 'light' classical.
3. It is non-lyrical in its structure and presentation.
Choose the appropriate option from code given below:
a) 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) All of them are correct.
Solution (c)
Explanation: Thumri and Tappa are popular types heard in concerts. The thumri is very lyrical in
its structure and presentation. These forms are termed as 'semi' or 'light' classical. Thumri is a
love song and hence the textual beauty is very important. This is closely coordinated with the
musical rendition. And keeping in mind its mood a thumri is usually set to ragas like Khamaj,
Kaphi, Bhairavi and so on and the musical grammar is not strictly adered to. There are two
styles of thumri singing: the Poorab or Banaras which is fairly slow and staid and the Punjab
style which is more mercurial. Rasoolan Devi, Siddheshwari Devi are prominent musicians of
this style.
Q.48) Consider the following statement about Pakhawaj?
1. It is an example of Percussion Instrument

2. It usually accompanies Dhrupad style of singing
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both
d) None
Solution (c)
Explanation:
It is believed that the Tabla was derived from Pakhawaj. Pakhawaj usually accompanies
Dhrupad style of singing. Pakhawaj is a barrel-shaped drum with two heads which are made of
layers of skin. The heads of Pakhawaj are expanded by leather straps which run along the sides
of the body over small cylindrical wooden blocks that are used for tuning.
Q.49) Kundhei, Bommalattam are an example of
a) Theatre form of Kerala.

b) Form of String puppetry.
c) cloth painting of TamilNadu.
d) Folk dance of Karnataka
Solution (b)
Explanation:
Kundhei, Bommalattam, Gombeyatta, Kathputli etc are an example of String Puppetry.
Q.50) Vipassana, which means to see things as they are, is one of the most ancient techniques
of meditation. Which of the following is correct about it?
a) It belongs to Theravada tradition of Buddhism.

b) It belongs to Brahminical Tradition.
c) It is rediscovered during bhakti period of Medieval India.
d) It is a non-sectarian tradition.
Solution (d)
Explanation:
It is believed that Buddha rediscovered this lost technique 2500 years ago. It is a way of self-
transformation through self-observation. It focuses on the deep interconnection between mind
and body, which can be experienced directly by disciplined attention to the physical sensations
that form the life of the body, and that continuously interconnect and condition the life of the
mind.
Q.51) Ras and Sankirtana are popular forms of which of the following classical dances?
a) Sattriya
b) Manipuri
c) Kuchipudi
d) Kathakali
Solution (b)
Manipur dance has a large repertoire; however, the most popular forms are the Ras, the
Sankirtana and the Thang-Ta. There are five principal Ras dances of which four are linked with
specific seasons, while the fifth can be presented at any time of the year. In Manipuri Ras, the
main characters are Radha, Krishna and the gopis.
Q.52) Consider the following statements with respect to Bagh paintings:
1. The Bagh caves situated near Mandu were discovered by Dangerfield in 1818 CE.
2. It is a unique example of Buddhist tradition.
3. The paintings of Bagh are not related to the worldly life of humans.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Solution (c)
Explanation:
It is believed that Bagh Caves were first brought in to light by Lieutenant Dangerfield who
published his findings in the Transactions of the Literary Society of Bambay Vol.II in 1818. The
paintings of Bagh give an insight into the worldly life of humans. The most famous painting of
Bagh is a painting of music and dance. These are also famous for their Mural paintings. These
are associated with Buddhism and display the Buddhist tradition.
Q.53) Consider the following pairs
1. Zardozi Beautiful embroidery done using metal threads.

2. Phulkari Simple and sparse embroidery done on Shawls and Scarfs.
3. Ramman Festival of Karnataka based on Ramayana.
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) All of them are correctly matched.
Solution (a)
Explanation:
Zardozi comes from from 2 Persian word, "Zar" means gold and "dozi" means work. Zardozi
embroidery is a type of metal embroidery, which was once used to embellish the attire of Kings
and royals in Persia and later introduced to India.
Phulkari embroidery technique from the Punjab region, literally means flower work, which was
at one time used as the word for embroidery, but in time the word Phulkari became
restricted to embroidered shawls and head scarfs.
Ramman is a religious festival dedicated to Bhumiyal Devta which is celebrated in Uttarakhand

instead of Karnataka. It is celebrated in Garwhal region of Uttarakhand and it has been declared
as intangible world cultural heritage in 2009 by UNESCO. This Festival is based on Ramayan
and procession is based on lord Narshingh Dev.
Q.54) The sharia (the law governing the Muslim community) remain in news for various
controversial issues in recent times. It is evolved from which of the following sources?
1. Quran
2. Hadis
3. Qiyas
4. Ijma
Choose the appropriate option using code below:
a) 1,2 and 3 only

b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1,2 and 4 only
d) All of them are correct.
Solution (d)
Explanation:
The sharia is the law governing the Muslim community. It is based on the Quran and the hadis,
traditions of the Prophet including a record of his remembered words and deeds. With the
expansion of Islamic rule outside Arabia, in areas where customs and traditions were different,
qiyas (reasoning by analogy) and ijma (consensus of the community) were recognised as two
other sources of legislation. Thus, the sharia evolved from the Quran, hadis, qiyas and ijma.
Ref: Themes in Indian History II
Q.55) Consider the following statement regarding Qutub-uddin Aibak:
1. Qutub-ud- Din Aibak was the founder of first independent Turkish kingdom in Northern
India.
2. According to Minhaj-us- Siraj, Aibak has been given the title of Lakh Baksh or giver of
lakhs.
3. Hasan-un- Nizami, author of Tarikh-i- Mubarik Shahi was patronised by him.
4. Quwat-ul- Islam mosque was constructed by him.
Choose the correct option from the codes given below:
a) 1,3 and 4
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1,2 and 4
d) All of the above.
Solution (c)
Explanation:
Qutub-ud- Din Aibak was the founder of the Mamluk dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, and was
thus the first sultan of the sultanate.
Qutub-ud- Din Aibak was a great patron of learning and patronised writers like Hasan-un-
Nizami (Author of Taj-ul- Massir) and Fakhr-uddin (Author of Tarikh-i- Mubarik Shahi).
He built the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in Delhi and the Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra in Ajmer. He
started the construction of Qutb Minar in memory of sufi saint Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, which
was completed by his successor, Iltutmish.
Q.56) Which of the following kings engraved the image of Goddess Lakshmi in his coins?
a) Qutub ud din Aibak

b) Iltutmish
c) Akbar
d) Aurangzeb
Solution (a)
Qutub uddin Aibak was the only Muslim king who had a Hindu Goddess on his coins. He minted
his coins in the name of Muhammad Ghori. Hence many sources will tell you that Ghori had
goddess Lakshmi on his coins.
Q.57) Which of the following statements are correct regarding Alauddin Khilji?
1. He was the first Muslim ruler in India to have a standing army.
2. He introduced the concept of Dagh and Chehra to check corruption in Army.
3. He attempted a Minar, double the size of Qutub Minar, infront of Qutub Minar.
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
Solution (d)
Alauddin Khilji was the first Muslim king in India to have a standing army. He had an army 3.5
lakh strong and organized his army on decimal pattern i.e. multiples of 10.
He introduced the concept of Dagh (brandishing of Horse) and Chehra ( writing physical details
of soldiers to check imposters).
The language urdu was born in his army camps. Urdu is a Turkish word which means Camp.
He attempted Alai Minar, double the size of Qutub Minar in Delhi. Its incomplete first floor can
be seen now.
Q.58) Who of the following travellers wrote an account Kitab ul Rehla?
a) Al Beruni
b) Ibn Batutta
c) Megasthenes
d) Amir Khusro
Solution (b)
Ibn Batutta was a Moroccan traveler who visited the court of Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
He was made a Qazi (Judge).
Later he was sent to China as an ambassador of Mohammad bin Tughlaq.
He wrote his travelling account in his book Kitab ul Rehla
Q.59) Which one of the following Dynasties is not correctly matched with their founders?
a) Khilji Jalal Uddin Khilji

b) Tughlaq Mohammad bin Tughlaq
c) Sayyad Khizr Khan
d) Lodhi Bahlol Lodhi
Solution (b)
Khilji (1290 1320) Jalal Uddin Khilji

Tughlaq (1320 1412) Ghayas ud din Tughlaq
Sayyad (1412 1451) Khizr Khan
Lodhi (1451 1526) Bahlol Lodhi
Q.60) Consider the following statements regarding Adi Shankaracharya:
1. He gave the philosophy of Advaitavada (non dualism).

2. He established four Mathas at Badrinath, Dwarka, Sringeri and Puri.
3. His followers were called Gyan Margi.
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
Solution (d)
Adi Shankaracharya was a prominent Bhakti Saint from Kerala, who preached the philosophy of
Non Dualism (Advaitavada). According to it, the creator (God) and the created (man soul)
are not two but one. But they appear distinct because of Maya(Illusion.)
Maya is because of Agyanta which can only be removed through Vedic Knowledge. Then only
one can realize God.
The followers of Shankaracharya were called Gyanmargis.
Q.61) Which of the following Puranas refers to a detailed procedure related to the art of
painting?
a) Vishnu Purana
b) Vishnu Dharmottara Purana
c) Markandeya Purana
d) Vayu Purana
Solution (b)
Explanation:
Vayu puran mentions about geography of Indian culture and about prominent Indian
dynasties like Nanda, Maurya, Sunga, Satvahana and Gupta.
Vayu and Vishnu Puran mention India's geography.
Vishnu dharmottara puran depicts about wall paintings and iconometry.
The Markandeya text is probably one of the oldest Puranas in Hinduism. It deals with
socio-cultural information and symbolism for Vedic ideas and metaphysical thought.
Q.62) Consider the following statements:
1. Buland Darwaja was constructed by Akbar to commemorate his conquest of Malwa.

2. The Upanishads were rendered into Persian by Dara Shikoh under the title of Sirr-i-
Akbar.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both
d) None
Solution (b)
Explanation:
Buland Darwaza or the "Gate of Magnificence", was built in 1601 A.D. by Akbar to
commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It is the main entrance to the palace at Fatehpur Sikri.
Dara translated fifty Upaniadsunder the title Sirr-i Akbar (The greatest veil)from the
original Sanskrit into Persian.
Q.63) Consider the following matches:
Philosophy Founder
1. Sankhya Gautama
2. Yoga Patanjali
3. Vaisheshikha Kanad (Kannada)
4. Nyaya Kapila
Which of the statements given above is/are correctly matched?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 4 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 2 only
Solution (c)
Explanation:
Indian Philosophy or Hindu Philosophy is generally classified into 6 orthodox schools (stika)
and 3 heterodox (nstika) schools. The basic difference between the two branches of Hindu
Philosophy schools is said to be based on the recognition of Vedas.
Sankhya Philosophy kapila

Yoga Patanjali
Nyaya Gautam
Vaisheshik Kannada
Purva mimansa and Uttara Mimansa are two other schools.
Q.64) Which of the following were brought by the Portuguese to India?
1. Cotton and Banana

2. Tobacco and Red chillies
3. Assessment of land revenue on the basis of nature of the soil
4. Pineapples and Cashewnuts
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 2 and 4 only
Solution (d)
Explanation:
The Portuguese introduced into India the following agricultural products: cashew nut, tobacco,
the custard apple, guava, the pineapple, and the papaya, and an improved variety of coconut
seeds.
Todarmal introduced a system of land reforms, the essence of which was an assessment of the
land revenue according to the extent of cultivation, the nature of the soil and the quality of
crops.
Q.65) Consider the following:
1. Ibn Battuta i. Tabaqat I Nasri

2. Al beruni ii. Kitab ul Hind
3. Amir Khusro iii. Kitab ul Rehla
4. Minhas us Siraj iv. Tughlaqnama

Match the above writers and their works
a) 1-ii 2-iii 3-i 4-iv

b) 1-iii 2-ii 3-i 4-iv
c) 1-iii 2-ii 3-iv 4-i
d) 1-ii 2-iii 3-iv 4-i
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Al Beruni Kitab ul hind
Ibn Batutta Kitab ul Rehla
Amir Khusro Tughlaqnama (History of Ghayas ud din Tughlaq)
Minhaj us Siraj Tabaqat I Nasiri (history of Nasir ud din Mahmod)
Q.66) Consider the following statements
1. The iqta system acted as a tool for centralization under the sultanate
2. The holders of iqta were known as Muqti or Wali
3. Iltutmish was the first to regularize the Iqta system
4. Firuz Shah Tughlaq made iqtas hereditary
Which of above statements are true?
a) 2,3 and 4
b) 1 and 3
c) 1, 3, and 4
d) 1,2,3 and 4
Solution (a)
Explanation:
The institution of the Iqta had been in force in early Islamic world as a form of reward for
services to the state. In the caliphate administration it was used to pay civil and military
officers. After the establishment of the Sultanate iqta system was introduced by the Sultans. To
begin with the army commanders and nobles were given territories to administer and collect
the revenue.
The territories thus assigned were called iqta and their holders as iqtadar or muqti. In essence
this was a system of payment to the officers and maintenance of army by them. Gradually rules
and regulations were laid down to organize the whole system.
Through the years it became the main instrument of administrating the Sultanate. Further the
sultans could get a large share of the surplus production from different parts of the vast
territories through this system. From the 14th century we hear of Walis or muqtis who are
commanders of military and administrative tracts called Iqta. Their exact powers varied
according to circumstances.
In due course the muqti was given complete charge of the administration of the iqta which
included the task of maintaining an army. The muqti was to help the sultan with his army in
case of need. He was expected to maintain the army and meet his own expenses with the
revenue collected. From the time of Balban the muqti was expected to send the balance
(fawazil) of the income to the centre after meeting his and the armys expenses. This means
that the central revenue department had made an assessment of the expected income of the
Iqta, the cost of the maintenance of the army and the muqtis own expenses. This process
became even more strict during the time of Alauddhin Khalji. As the central control grew, the
control over muqtis administration also increased. The Khwaja (probably same as Sahib-i-
Diwan) was appointed to keep a record of the income of the Iqtas. It was on the basis of this
record that the Sultan used to make his revenue demands. A barid or intelligence officer was
also appointed to keep the Sultan informed. During the reign of Muhmmad-bin-Thughlaq a
number of governors were appointed on revenue sharing terms where they were to give a fixed
sum to the state. During the time of Feroze Shah Tughlaq the control of state over iqtas was
diluted when iqtas became hereditary.
Q.67) Consider the following statements
1. Pietra Dura is the technique of inlaying mosaic with precious stones

2. This technique was first used by Mughals in Taj Mahal at Agra
Which of the above statements is true?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both
d) None
Solution (a)
Explanation:
Pietra dura called parchin kari or parchinkari in South Asia, is a term for the inlay technique of
using cut and fitted, highly polished colored stones to create images. It is considered a
decorative art.
Itimad-ud-daulas Tomb is the first of the Mughal buildings to be sheathed in polished white
marble (as opposed to being built in red sandstone). The "most gorgeously ornamented
monument of the Mughals," every inch of its surface is decorated: inlay of precious stones (the
technique called pietra dura, used extensively here for the first time in Mughal architecture),
carving, marble screens, and in the interior painted panels and painted stucco muqarnas
(stalactites)
Q.68) Which of the following statements is not true?
a) Dagh and Chehra system were introduced by Muhammad Bin Tughlaq

b) The zabati system was introduced by Akbar
c) Kabuliyat and Patta as instruments of settlement were introduced by Sher Shah Suri
d) Balban constituted the military department or Diwan-I-Arz for first time
Solution (a)
Explanation:
Dagh (Brandishing of horse) and Chehra (Writing physical details of soldiers to check impostors)
was introduced by Alauddin Khilji.
Same technique was reintroduced by Akbar to check corruption in Mughal Army.
Diwan I Arz It was a Military department for inspection of Army, salaries and appointments. It
was introduced by Balban for the first time as a separate department.
Akbar introduced the Dahasala or Zabati system of land revenue collection in 1580-82 to
alleviate the problems arising due to fixing prices every year and doing settlements of revenues
of previous years. In this system, average produce of ten years was derived. One third of this
average produce was fixed in Rupees per Bigha and fixed as share of the state (Mal). Rest two
third share was left to the cultivators (Kharaj). The state demand in kind was given in maunds;
but for the conversion of the state demand from kind to cash, a separate schedule of cash
revenue rates for various crops was fixed, which were called as Dastur-i-amal. Each revenue
circle had a separate schedule of dastur-i-amal for various crops. Thus the peasant was required
to pay on the basis of local produce as well as local prices. Dahsala System or Zabti System was
introduced by Raja Todarmal, the able finance minister of Akbar, who had honed his skills under
his first master Shershah Suri. This system prevailed from Lahore to Allahabad and in the
provinces of Malwa and Gujarat. This remained a standard system of revenue assessment
during the greater part of the Mughal empire.
Q.69) Consider the following:
1. Nicolo de Conti
2. Ibn Batuta
3. Al Beruni
4. Marco Polo
Place these travelers according to the order they visited India starting from the earliest.
a) 2, 3, 4, 1
b) 4, 3, 2, 1
c) 3, 4, 1, 2
d) 3, 4, 2, 1
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Al Beruni was the First Muslim Scholar to study India and its Brahmanical tradition. He visited
India in 1030 AD.
Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant traveller. He reached India in 1288 AD.
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta, was a Moroccan Muslim scholar and traveler. He is
known for his traveling and going on excursions called the Rihla. He visited India in 1334 AD in
the court of Mohammad bin Tughlaq.
Nicolo di Conti was an Italian Merchant who visited the Vijayanagar Empire in 1420 AD.
Q.70) In which of the following monuments was the first true arch in India built?
a) Tomb of Iltutmish
b) Allai darwaza
c) Tomb of Balban
d) Quwwat ul islam mosque
Solution (b)
Mamluk dynasty did not employ true Islamic architecture styles and used false domes and false
arches. The first example of the true arch and true dome is in Alai Darwaja located in Qutub
Complex. It was built by Ala-ud-din Khilji in 1311 AD.
Q.71) Which of the following Sikh Gurus are correctly matched with the events associated
with them?
1. Guru Angad Pioneer of Gurumukhi script

2. Guru Arjan Compiled the Holy book Adi Granth
3. Guru Hargobind Built Harmandir Sahib
4. Guru Gobind Singh Started Khalsa (Sikh Militias)
a) 1 and 2
b) 3 and 4
c) 1,2 and 4
d) All of the above
Solution (c)
Guru Angad was the second Guru after Guru Nanak and he was the pioneer of Gurumukhi
Script.
Guru Arjan was the 5th Guru and the first hereditary Guru. He compiled the Sikh holy book Adi
Granth in 1604. Guru Arjan built Harmandir Sahib on the land donated by Akbar to Guru
Ramdas (Guru Arjans father).
Guru Hargobind (6th Guru) was the first Guru who started using weapons.
Guru Gobind Singh the 10th Guru established Khalsa panth in 1699. Khalsa is a term derived
from Khalis Pure. It comprised of dedicated Sikh militia.
Q.72) Urs is celebrated at the Mazars of Sufi Saints every year. It denotes
a) Birth anniversary of Sufi Saint

b) Death Anniversary of Sufi Saint
c) Commemorate the date of Sainthood
d) It is celebrated on a predetermined arbitrary day
Solution (b)
Urs is the death anniversary of a Sufi saint in South Asia, usually held at the saint's dargah
(shrine or tomb). In most Sufi orders such as Naqshbandiyyah, Suhrawardiyya, Chishtiyya,
Qadiriyya, etc. the concept of Urs exists and is celebrated with enthusiasm. The devotees refer
to their saints as lovers of God, the beloved.
Urs rituals are generally performed by the custodians of the shrine or the existing Shaikh of the
silsila. The celebration of Urs ranges from Hamd to Naat and in many cases includes the singing
of religious music such as qawwali. The celebration also features food samples, bazaar, and
various kinds of shops.
The Urs of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti at Dargah Sharif in Ajmer attracts more than 400,000
devotees each year and is regarded as one of the most famous urs festivals around the world.
Q.73) Which of the following statements are correct about Amukta Malyada?
1. It is a book on politics written by Krishna Deva Raya on Politics.

2. Amukta Malyada is written in Tamil.
Select the code from following:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
Last year a very specific question was asked on the literary contribution of Krishnadeva Raya. A
question can be asked in prelims this year.
Amukta Malyada is a book on politics written in Telugu. It was written by Vijanagara Ruler,
Krishnadeva Raya.
He also wrote a Sanskrit drama Jambavati Kalyanam.
Q.74) Consider the following statements:
1. He was declared as Crown Prince by Shah Jehan.

2. He translated 50 Upanishads from Sanskrit to Persian.
3. Because of his inclinations and fame amongst people, he was popularly known as Akbar
e Sani (Second Akbar).
The above statements refer to which of the following personalities?
a) Aurangzeb
b) Murad
c) Dara Shikoh
d) Jahangir
Solution (c)
Dara Shikoh was the eldest son and the heir-apparent of the fifth Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
Dara Shukoh is widely renowned as an enlightened paragon of the harmonious coexistence of

heterodox traditions on the Indian subcontinent. He was an erudite champion of mystical
religious speculation and a poetic diviner of syncretic cultural interaction among people of all
faiths. This made him a heretic in the eyes of his orthodox younger brother and a suspect
eccentric in the view of many of the worldly power brokers swarming around the Mughal
throne. Dara Shikoh was a follower of the Persian "perennialist" mystic Sarmad Kashani, as well
as Lahore's famous Qadiri Sufi saint Hazrat Mian Mir, whom he was introduced to by Mulla
Shah Badakhshi (Mian Mir's spiritual disciple and successor). Mian Mir was so widely respected
among all communities that he was invited to lay the foundation stone of the Golden Temple in
Amritsar by the Sikhs.
Dara Shikoh subsequently developed a friendship with the seventh Sikh Guru, Guru Har Rai.
Dara Shikoh devoted much effort towards finding a common mystical language between Islam
and Hinduism. Towards this goal he completed the translation of fifty Upanishads from their
original Sanskrit into Persian in 1657 so that they could be studied by Muslim scholars. His
translation is often called Sirr-e-Akbar ("The Greatest Mystery"), where he states boldly, in the
introduction, his speculative hypothesis that the work referred to in the Qur'an as the "Kitab al-
maknun" or the hidden book, is none other than the Upanishads.[ His most famous work,
Majma-ul-Bahrain ("The Confluence of the Two Seas"), was also devoted to a revelation of the
mystical and pluralistic affinities between Sufic and Vedantic speculation. The book was
authored as a short treatise in Persian in 1654-55.
The library established by Dara Shukoh still exists on the grounds of Guru Gobind Singh
Indraprastha University, Kashmiri Gate, Delhi, and is now run as a museum by Archaeological
Survey of India after being renovated.
Q.75) Which of the following statements are correct regarding Tomb of Itimad ud Daulah?
1. It was built by Shah Jehan.
2. It is the first complete marble building in India.
3. This is the first Mughal structure to use Pietra Dura(Stone inlay) technique.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
Solution (b)
Tomb of Itimad ud Daulah was built by Jehangir. Itimad ud Daulah was Wazir and Father in Law
if Jehangir.
It is the first complete marble structure in India. It is famous for Pietra Dura (Stone inlay work).
This is the first Mughal building to use this technique. It is also famous for its fine screen work.

IASbaba&#39;s Prelims 60 Day Plan - Art and Culture Subject Wise Compilation

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

IASbaba&#39;s Prelims 60 Day Plan - Art and Culture Subject Wise Compilation

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

IASbabas 60 Day Plan UPSC Prelims ART & CULTURE 2017

(Subject Wise Compilation)

1. It was held under the patronage of Harsha

Choose the correct answer using the codes given below

which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

Q.4) In Jainism, Posadha means

Q.6) The Sulva Sutras dealt with the subject of

a) Use of burnt bricks

Q.11) Which of the Following pairs are correctly matched:

Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Lotus or Bull Birth of Buddha

Horse The Great Renunciation

Bodhi tree Enlightenment (Nirvana)

Wheel First Sermon (Dhammachakraparivartan

Stupa Death of Buddha (Mahaparinirvana)

1. It is the Initiation ceremony to induct new followers into Buddhism

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. He established Muryan Empire by killing the last Nanda ruler

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. The main language used in Sangam literature was Telugu

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

The projected balcony is an essential element of Rajasthani architecture, both as decoration

1. The sculpture of Gandhara school were made of Red Sandstone

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. It gives a detailed account of the conquests of Samudragupta

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Paintings executed on the basis of texts like Bhagwad-Purana, Geet-Govind, Sursagar,

Q.22) The Pattachitra paintings developed in which of the following regions

1. These paintings are primarily found in West Bengal

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Q.25) Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?

Paintings style : Region

1. Warli painting : Maharashtra

Choose the correct answer using the codes given below

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. Spotted red sandstone was the material used in this school

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. Grey sandstone was used in the construction of buildings

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Q.30) Panchayatan Style is associated with which of the following

a) Mughal garden architecture

1. It is a classical dance form which originated in Tamilnadu

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Q.32) Consider the following statements with reference to Mohiniyattam

1. It is a classical dance form of Kerala

Mohiniyattam is characterized by graceful, swaying body movements with no abrupt jerks or

Q.33) Consider the following statements with reference to Jhumar Dance

1. It is a folk-dance preformed during the harvest season

Mohiniyattam: Refer solution of Q.32

Koodiyattam: Koodiyattam also transliterated as Kutiyattam, is a form of Sanskrit theatre

Q.36) Consider the following statements with reference to Togalu gombeyaata

1. It is a puppet show unique to the state of Karnataka

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity comprises cultural

1. Vinaya Pitaka was compiled by Upali

1. Baul music is a form of folk music practiced in Bihar

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. It is a weaponless, hand-to-hand combat system

IASbaba's Prelims 60 Day Plan - Art and Culture Subject Wise Compilation

IASbaba's Prelims 60 Day Plan - Art and Culture Subject Wise Compilation