NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SANTA

LANGUAGE CENTER CEIDUNS

SPAIN

STUDENTS NAME:

Sandoval Noriega Karen Jhanet

ADVISOR:

Dr. Lila Marisa Maguia Alvarado

BASIC LEVEL MONOGRAPH

Chimbote, August 18, 2017

 INDEX

I. INTRODUCTION: ........................................................................................ 1

II. CONTENTS: ................................................................................................ 2

2.1. GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION: ............................................................ 2

2.2. SOCIAL FACTS: ................................................................................... 2

2.2.1. Language: ....................................................................................... 2

2.2.2. Population: ...................................................................................... 4

2.2.3. Religion: .......................................................................................... 4

2.2.4. Weather: ......................................................................................... 4

2.2.5. Capital city: ..................................................................................... 4

2.3. MAIN CITIES: ........................................................................................ 5

2.4. TOURIST PLACES: .............................................................................. 7

2.5. GASTRONOMY: ................................................................................... 9

III. CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................... 11

IV. REFERENCES ........................................................................................... 12

I. INTRODUCTION:
Spain is a transcontinental country which has territories in North Africa
and Western Europe. It is a country full of history, culture, tradition and
majesty which makes it one of the most beautiful countries in the world.
Spain has a large multicultural richness that is reflected in its
monuments, its climate, its population and even in their language. The
official language is Spanish, but there are four co-official languages:
Catalan, Basque, Galician and Aranese.
Spain is the third most visited country in the world and the second
country in the world in economic income from tourism due to its long
history in the world, its historical-artistic heritage and its gastronomy.
The weather in Spain depends on the place. On the north coast of
Spain it is humid and temperate, in the center its either very hot or very
cold and in the Mediterranean coastal it's warm and its temperatures
are nice.
Spain has many tourist attractions such as the Prado Museum in
Madrid, the Mosque of Cordoba, declared World Heritage Site by
UNESCO, the Alhambra in Granada and other great wonders. The
main cities of Spain are: Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville,
Zaragoza, Malaga and Murcia.
Its gastronomy is characterized by the use of species and by not having
spicy food. Their most popular dishes are: Paella, Potato omelette,
Gazpacho and Escalivada. And its typical desserts are: the Spanish
donut, the chocolate with churros and the Custard.

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II. CONTENTS:
2.1. Geographical situation:
Spain is divided into seventeen autonomous communities and
two autonomous cities that are formed by fifty provinces.
Spain is a transcontinental country with territories in North Africa
and Western Europe. In Europe it occupies the archipelago of
the Balearic Islands (in the western Mediterranean Sea) and
most of the Iberian peninsula, known as peninsular Spain; In
Africa it occupies the Canary Islands (in the northeastern
Atlantic Ocean), the Chafarinas Islands (Mediterranean Sea),
the rock of Vlez de la Gomera (Mediterranean Sea), the islands
of Alhucemas (Gulf of the Al Hoceima islands) (Alboran Sea)
and two cities: Ceuta (on the Tingitana peninsula) and Melilla (in
the Cabo de Tres Forcas). The municipality of Llivia, in the
Pyrenees, constitutes an enclave completely surrounded by
French territory.
It has an extension of 505 370 km, being the fourth largest
country on the continent, after Russia, Ukraine and France. With
an average altitude of 650 meters above sea level is one of the
most mountainous countries of Europe.
The peninsular territory limits with France and with Andorra to
the north, with Portugal to the west and with the British territory
of Gibraltar to the south. In its African Territories, bordered by
Morocco. It shares with France the self-government over the
island of the Pheasants at the entrance of the river Bidasoa.

2.2. SOCIAL FACTS:

2.2.1. Language:
Several vernacular languages are spoken in Spain. The
official language in the whole country is Spanish, is the
prevailing mother tongue in almost all the autonomous
communities of Spain. Six of the seventeen independent
communities of Spain also have, along with Spanish,
other languages as co-official.

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Among them we have:
Catalan is spoken in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands
and the Valencian Community.
Galician is a co-official language in Galicia, and Its
historically related to Portuguese. Most of the
population uses Galician before Spanish, mainly
people from the countryside area.
Euskera has six distinct dialects and a standardized
variety; it is a co-official language in the Basque
Country and the northern third of Navarre. The
majority of the inhabitants use preferably Spanish,
because Basque is a difficult and less important
language in certain regions, compared to other co-
official languages such as Catalan and Galician,
which are much more integrated in their respective
communities of speakers.
Aranese is a co-official language in the Aran Valley
and since 2006 throughout Catalonia. Catalan and
Valencian are considered two varieties of the same
language. Aranese is the mother tongue of about
2,800 people, representing 0.007% of the population
of Spain.

There are also other languages that are considered

unofficial: the Aragonese and Asturian-Leonese.

All vernacular languages currently spoken in Spain,

except Euskara, are Romance languages, within the
Indo-European language family. The majority belong to
the subgroup of Ibero-Romance languages, with the
exception of the Catalan / Valencian belonging to the
Occitan-Romance and the Aragonese, of ascription
discussed between one subgroup and another.

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2.2.2. Population:
Spain has a population of around 47 million inhabitants
throughout its territory. Spain is the fifth most populous
country in the European Union, but its population density
(93.51 inhabitants / km in 2011) is lower than that of
most Western European countries.
2.2.3. Religion:
According to a study conducted by the Center for
Sociological Research in 2017, 68.4% of the population
is Catholic, agnostics comprise 16.8%, atheists 9.6%,
other religions such as Muslim, Protestant and Hebrew
religion represent 2.3%.
Freedom of worship is guaranteed by the Spanish
Constitution, so all religions have places to practice their
respective cults.
2.2.4. Weather:
Spain has a diversity of climates so temperatures depend
on the region and the month in which you are. The
climate in the coastal area of northern Spain is humid and
temperate. In the center, the temperatures are extreme,
or very cold or very hot, while in the Mediterranean
coastal area has warm and pleasant temperatures.
2.2.5. Capital city:
The capital city of Spain is Madrid or also known as "la
Villa y Corte". Madrid is the capital of Spain from the 19
of May of 1560, date in which the Court of Felipe II moved
to this city. However, the appointment was legally
instituted in 1931. It is currently the most populous city in
the country with a population of 3 165 541 inhabitants
according to INE data in 2016. It also ranks 38th in the
Economist Intelligence Unit list of cities with better
Quality of life in the world.
As capital of Spain, Madrid houses the headquarters of
the Government, the Cortes Generales, ministries,

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 institutions and associated organizations, as well as the
official residence of the kings of Spain and the President
of the Government. On the economic level, it is the fourth
richest city in Europe, after London, Paris and Moscow.
It is home to Europe's third largest securities market, and
is second in the Latin American (Latibex) and several of
the largest corporations in the world. It is the eighth
largest city in the world with multinationals, behind Beijing
and ahead of Dubai, Paris and New York.
At the international level, the headquarters of the United
Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the
headquarters of the International Organization of
Securities Commissions (IOSCO), the headquarters of
the Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB), the
headquarters The Organization of Ibero-American States
for Education, Science and Culture (OEI), the Ibero-
American Youth Organization (OIJ) and the Public
Interest Oversight Board (PIOB).
It also houses the main international institutions that
regulate and disseminate the Spanish language: the
Permanent Commission of the Association of Academies
of the Spanish Language, and headquarters of the Royal
Spanish Academy (RAE), the Cervantes Institute and the
Foundation for Urgent Spanish.
It is an influential cultural center and has some of the
most visited museums at international level, for example:
the Prado Museum, the National Museum of Art Reina
Sofa, Thyssen-Bornemisza and CaixaForum Madrid.

2.3. MAIN CITIES:

BARCELONA: It is known as "the jewel of the
Mediterranean" for being one of the most beautiful cities in
Europe. It is also the world's most modern, individualistic and
cosmopolitan city of Spain. Barcelona is located in the north-

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 east of the country, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea,
close to the French border. The two official languages are
Catalan and Spanish. The sights are: the Sagrada Familia in
Barcelona, the National Art Museum of Catalonia, the
Olympic Harbor, the Guell Park, the Picasso Museum.
VALENCIA: It is the capital of the Autonomous Community
of Valencia and is located on the banks of the Turia River, on
the east coast and only a few kilometers away from the sea.
Has tourist attractions such as the Plaza de la Virgen, the
Door of Serranos, the City of Arts and Sciences and the
Albufera Nature Reserve, one of the largest lakes in Spain
with a high cultural value, ecological and historical, which has
led it to be declared a natural park.

SEVILLE: Seville is the fourth most important city in Spain.

In Sevillla highlights a number of monuments such as the
Reales Alczares which constitute a set of original palaces
of the High Middle Ages; the Tower of Gold is located next to
the Plaza of Toris de la Real Maestranza, on the left bank of
the Guadalquivir river. Another tourist place is the Giralda,
declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO, is one of the

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 highest towers of Europe, even over Big Ben in London and
the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy.
ZARAGOZA is the capital of Aragon and is located on the
banks of the Rivers Ebro, Galician and Perth, which makes it
one of the major communications centers of Spain. One of
its main monuments is the Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of
the Pillar.
MALAGA. - it is the sixth most populous city in Spain and
capital of the province of the same name. Belongs to the
Autonomous Community of Andalusia and is located to the
west of the Mediterranean, in the so-called Costa del Sol.
MURCIA. - It is the seventh most populous city of Spain, is
the capital of the Autonomous Community of the Region of
Murcia. It is located on the banks of the river Segura, 40 km
from the Mediterranean Sea and a city with a great university
tradition because the first university was founded in 1272.
2.4. TOURIST PLACES:
Museum of Prado. - It is considered the best art museum in
the world. It is located in the central part of Madrid. Account
with one of the finest collections of European art, from the
12th century until the beginning of the 19th century. This
museum features works by Goya, Caravaggio, Fra Angelico,
Botticelli and Hieronymus Bosch.
Mosque of Cordoba.- It is one of the great architectural
wonders of Islamic art, declared a World Heritage Site by
UNESCO.
The Alhambra in Granada. Granada is a city and the capital
of the province of Granada. The Alhambra is one of the most
beautiful parts of this beautiful city. Part-fortress, part-palace
and garden, the Alhambra is situated on a plateau
overlooking the city of Granada in southern Spain. The
palace was built in the 14 century by the Nasrid Sultans.

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 Holy Family. - It's a huge Roman Catholic church located in
Barcelona, Spain. It was designed by Antonio Gaud, a
catalan architect who worked on this project for almost 40
years until his death in 1926.
The Guggenheim Museum - This museum of modern and
contemporary art, is considered one of the most significant
architectural structures of the 20th century. It is located in
Bilbao, Basque Country.
The Ramplas.- It is a pedestrian-only street because there
are markets, shops, cafes and restaurants.
The Royal Palace. -Is the official residence of the King of
Spain although is only used for state ceremonies and
currently the royal family does not live there. The palace is
partially open to the public, except when is used for official
business.

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2.5. GASTRONOMY:
The typical food Spain is characterized by the use of spices, and
of not having spicy foods. In the plates of food is very extended
the use of olive oil. The variety of regions in the country
contributes to a variety of vegetables, cereals, vegetables, meat
and fish. Thus it is considered that the ingredients enrich more
a dish that your same preparation.
TYPICAL MEALS
The paella.- It is composed mainly of rice seasoned with
lemon. In its preparation uses chicken, rabbit, snails,
legumes and vegetables.
The potato omelette. - Made from the mixture of
potatoes and beaten egg. It is a typical dish of Spain very
consumed in the restaurants and bars of the cities. It is
usually added onion according to the region or taste.
Gazpacho.- its a soup that is consumed during the
summer period in Spain, as it is a cold dish. It is made
mainly of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, onions, garlic,
olive oil and vinegar.
Escalivada.- The escalivada is a grilled or baked roast
composed of tomato, pepper, onion and aubergines,

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 usually dressing with olive oil and salt. It is usually served
on toast and anchovy fillets.
TYPICAL DESSERTS:
Spanish donut: It is made mainly of flour, egg, sugar,
yeast and milk. It is common the consumption of the
donut during Holy Week in Spain.
Chocolate with churros.- Chocolate is often eaten with
churros at breakfast or snack time. Usually consumed in
winter in Spain because it is consumed hot.
Custard. - Made with cream of milk, egg and sugar. Its
usually added vanilla, cinnamon or lemon essence. Its a
dessert that is eaten cold since before consuming its
cooled by two or three hours.

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III. CONCLUSIONS
Spain is and has been for millennia one of the cultural centers of
Europe due to its multicultural wealth that is expressed in its
monuments, its climate, its population and its language.
Spain was the third most visited country in the world after France and
the United States, according to a report published in 2014 by the World
Tourism Organization.
Spain is the third country in the world with more monuments declared
World Heritage of Humanity by Unesco, it currently has 44 declared
assets after Italy (49) and the People's Republic of China (45).
Spain has 14 intangible cultural properties, which makes it the first
country in Europe, with Croatia, in having the highest number of
declared assets on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Humanity. The Alhambra in Granada and the mosque of
Cordova in Andalusia are the most visited places in Spain. Both have
a Muslim influence and are wonderful.
Spain is famous for its gastronomy, especially by the potato omelette,
paella, gazpacho and escalivaza.

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 IV. LIST OF REFERENCES

Clima de Espaa. (2017). Obtained from turismo.org: http://turismo.org/clima-

de-espana/

Espaa. (2017). Obtained from Wikipedia:

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a

Fernandez, S. (2015). Las 10 ciudades ms importantes de Espaa. Obtained

from Viaje Jet.: https://www.viajejet.com/ciudades-mas-importantes-de-
espana/

Gastronoma de Espaa. (2017). Obtained from turismo.org:

http://turismo.org/gastronomia-de-espana/

Idiomas y Religin. (2017). Obtained from Espaa:

http://www.spain.info/es/informacion-practica/consejos-viaje/consejos-
practicos/idiomas-religion/

Lenguages de Espaa. (2017). Obtained from Wikipedia:

http://www.enfolang.com/internacional/articulos/lenguas-habladas-en-
espana.html

Lenguas habladas en Espaa. (2016). Obtained from Enforex:

http://www.enfolang.com/internacional/articulos/lenguas-habladas-en-
espana.html

Los Diez Principales Destinos Tursticos Para Visitar en Espaa. (2012).

Obtained from Mega Ricos: https://megaricos.com/2012/07/05/los-diez-
principales-destinos-turisticos-en-espana/

Madrid. (2017). Obtained from Wikipedia: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid

Religin en Espaa. (2017). Obtained from Wikipedia:

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religi%C3%B3n_en_Espa%C3%B1a#cite_
note-CIS-1

Top 10 de Barcelona. (2017). Obtained from civitatis Barcelona:

https://www.conocerbarcelona.com/top-10

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