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Shahd Qum (d.935 AH/1528-29 CE), a poet at the court of Sultan Yaqb (d.

896 AH/1490-91 CE)


migrated to India after the Sultans death, traveling across Gujrt and the Deccan. Shahd Qum
and Lisn Shrz (d. 941-2 AH/1534-36 CE) are held to be the inaugurators of the literary
movement known as the maktab-e wuq, the realist school of Persian ghazal poetry, later
developed by poets like Sharaf-e Jahn Qazwn (d. 968 AH/1561 CE), Wahsh Bfq (d. 991
AH/1583 CE) and Muhtasham Kshn (d. 1588 CE). This school indited realist topoi of erotic
love for a profane beloved contra f-anagogic love for a divine Beloved, the dominant topos of
classical Persian ghazal poetry.

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