HOUSING IN THE

PHILIPPINES
I. INTRODUCTION
Typical housing typologies:

1. Single Detached
- Free standing
residential building

-Unit layout can be

flexible at lower
densities.

-Type of house for larger

lot sizes.

- Design do not permit

the use of a firewall at
one side of the property.
 Typical housing typologies:

3. Duplex (semi-attached)
- defined as a dwelling having apartments with
separate entrances for two families.

-two-story houses having a complete apartment on

each floor and also side-by-side apartments on a
single lot that share a common wall.
 Typical housing typologies:

4. Rowhouse
series of houses, often of similar or identical design, situated
side by side and joined by common walls.

Common types:

Apartments
TownHouses
Pabahay
 Typical housing typologies:

5. Multi-Family dwellings

- Four or more
dwelling units in a
detached building,

- designed with
massing and details to
appear similar to a
very large single
detached house..
 Typical housing typologies:

6. Medium-rise Housing

- three to five storey

walk-up buildings in
high-density urban
areas.
 Typical housing typologies:

7. High-rise Residential Buildings

- Rising at least eight

stories on a small
footprint, this type is
characterized by interior
access to units, and a
limited range of
unit types.
II. HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

BATAS PAMBANSA 220 (BP 220)

- Regulatory set of standards and technical

requirements

- low-cost land development and housing

- Economic and Socialized Housing

- Low-income sector in urban and rural

areas
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

CORE HOUSE / CORE SHELTER

- Central or basic
part of dwelling unit
to which further
improvement can be
added

- Basic dwelling
spaces: open living
area, toilet,
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

CORE SHELTER PROGRAM (CSP)

CORE HOUSE PROGRAM (CHP)

- Low cost strategy particularly suited to

provide housing solutions for low-income
families

- maximize number of potential

beneficiaries
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

ECONOMIC HOUSING SOCIALIZED HOUSING

- Housing for low-
income and middle
income groups
-Thru Government
intervention and private
sector involvement.
-Little or no subsidy
-Housing solely for low-
income.
-Thru Government
intervention.
- substantial subsidies
and direct assistance
from government

- More financially viable

in terms of return of
investment
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

COMMUNITY SPACE

- Shared community
facilities within the site
or housing project

- parks, playgrounds,
church sites, community
centers,
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION

- Non-profit, legally
constituted organization
of dwellers within a
particular housing
community.

- Functions provides:
security, maintenance,
and other similar service
to the community
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

HOMESITE
- Parcel of land suitable
for a dwelling unit
usually within a
developed or
developable subdivision

HOUSING DENSITY
- Ratio of number of
dwellings to a given unit
area express in dwelling
units per hectare or acre
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

HOUSING DENSITY
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

HOUSING DENSITY
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

HOUSING PROJECT
- Planned residential
development.

-Consist of buildings,
group of buildings, or
group of individual or
multiple dwelling units

- Utilities and other

facilities
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

LAND CONVERSION
- Legal process of reclassifying land uses, esp.
agricultural land to residential use.

- Under responsibility and authority of Department

of Agrarian Reform.

OCCUPANCY RATE
- Number of persons or households per rooms or
per dwelling.
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

OFF-SITE HOUSING
- Housing provided for a community on sites other
than those land they occupied

- Example is a relocation housing

ON-SITE HOUSING
- Housing provided for a community on sites originally
they occupied.

SELF-HELP HOUSING
- Housing built by the owner.
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES

AMORTIZATION
- the process by which your loan principal
decreases over the life of your loan.

- Liquidation of a future obligation by periodic

charges against the capital account

BRIDGE FINANCING
- financial assistance extended to private developers of
housing projects for site development and construction of
dwelling units in the form of short term loans, with interest
lower than prime commercial bank rates.
HOUSING TERMINOLOGIES
AMORTIZATION
- the process by which your loan principal
decreases over the life of your loan.

- Liquidation of a future obligation by periodic

charges against the capital account
BRIDGE FINANCING
- financial assistance extended to private developers of
housing projects for site development and construction of
dwelling units in the form of short term loans, with interest
lower than prime commercial bank rates.

SWEAT EQUITY
- in lieu of cash equity, participation of recipients of housing
assistance in the form of labor.
III. HOUSING SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

*As of 2010..
1. Housing shortage seven (7) million housing units.

2. 250,000 to 280,000 households/families are

increasing annually.
3. 70-80% of these families are unable to finance the
construction of their own houses
4. Around 30,000 housing units are being built
annually.
5. 4 million Filipinos lives in slum areas in Metro
Manila
*Wiping out RP's housing backlog
By Mary Ann Ll. Reyes (The Philippine Star) Updated
July 09, 2010 12:00 AM
IV. BARRIERS TO LOW INCOME HOUSING

1. Lack of land access

2. High cost of development and

construction
3. Difficulty in accessing finance program

4. High cost of financing.

5. Limited private sector participation.

 RESPONSE TO HOUSING PROBLEM
IN THE PHILIPPINES:
Government and Private Sector

December 17, 1986,

Executive Order 90: The National Shelter Program

(NSP) and the creation of Housing and Urban
Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC)

Purpose of making shelter AFFORDABLE and

ACCESSIBLE to everyone.
 RESPONSE TO HOUSING PROBLEM
IN THE PHILIPPINES:
Government and Private Sector

March 24, 1992,

Republic Act No. 7279: Urban Development Housing

Act of 1992 (UDHA)

An act to provide a comprehensive and continuing

urban development housing program
 Housing and Urban
Development
Coordinating Council

National Housing Authority

National Home Mortgage Finance
Corporation
Home Guaranty Corporation
Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
Social Security System
Government Service Insurance
System
Home Development Mutual
Fund
THE KEY HOUSING AGENCIES
HUDCC: planning and technical assistance,
policy making body, program design and
monitoring.
NHA: delivery of housing program
HIGC: guarantee schemes to encourage
financial institutions
HLURB: Extend planning assistance to
LGUs, Review and ratify Land use plans.
Enforce zoning regulations
NHMFC: bank of housing industry, primary
institution for generating mortgages
THE OTHER ENTITIES
LGUs: comprehensive land use
plans
NEDA: data for forward planning
Private sector and NGOs:
investments
Project Beneficiaries:
involvement in programs
 COORDINATING objectives
policies
HUDCC strategies
program design
monitoring
Home Financing UHLP
SSS, GSIS, HDMF NHMFC
Land Tenure CMP Guaranty & Appraisal
NHMFC HIGC

Devt Financing SOCIAL HOUSING

DEVT LOAN FUND Funders
Developer LGU
Landowner NGO SSS HDMF
NHMFC GSIS WB
Low-income housing
production JOINT VENTURE
PROGRAM Originators
Developer LGU
Landowner NGO NHA developers NGO
NHA HIGC
Financial
institutions
Regulatory
HLURB
THE PRODUCTS
rationally sited settlements
livelihood components
basic services
affordable packages
needs-specific units
use of indigenous materials and
alternative technologies
COMMUNITY MORTGAGE PROGRAM
(CMP) of NHMFC

CMP: major program of government designed

to respond to the homelessness of the urban
poor
-Enables urban poor communities to purchase
the land they are occupying.
-Financing scheme
Major key Players of CMP
urban poor and its organization who occupies
lots which do not belong to them.
landowner
NHMFC
Originators (i.e. NGO, NHA, LGU)
Advantages of CMP
security of land tenure
incentive for development of homes and
community
additional loans from NHMFC
FACTS about CMP

1. Objectives
To allow community of blighted areas or
areas for priority development (APD) to own
the lots they occupy prior to February 25,
1986 and to improve or construct their
houses.
FACTS about CMP
2. Site Requirements
a. lot must be covered with torrens certificate of
title.
b. Schematic site development plan.
c. Intent to sell (owners) and intent to buy
(urban poor organization)
d. Zone as residential with tax declaration
e. Must be free from lien and encumbrances
f. Shall follow / adhere existing laws.
FACTS about CMP
3. Originators
NGO, LGU. NHA, warranty and assistance.
4. Loan Terms
25 years monthly amortization at interest of
6% per annum
STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELINES IN
APPLYING CMP ASSISTANCE
1. Establish a Community Organization (CO)
thru HIGC or Cooperative Devt Authority.
2. CO negotiates to landowner, both signs a
MOA
3. CO chooses an Originator warrants
involvement in community development.
4. Originator applies to NHMFC for project
commitment.
5. CO and Originator submits Loan Documents
STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELINES IN
APPLYING CMP ASSISTANCE
6. NHFMC conducts loan evaluation and
mortgage evaluation.
7. Transfer of property, NHFMC and the owner
thru letter of guarantee
8. Loan and Property take out.
9. NHFMC and CO signs collection agreement
10. Individual members pay amortization to CO
which in turn remits the money to NHFMC.
11. NHFMC monitors collection.
 NHA National Housing Authority
Key Function:
(NHA) is the sole national agency mandated to engage
in housing production for low income families.

History:
1. Roots Peoples Homesite Corporation (PHC) (1938)
and National Housing Commission (NHC) 1945.
Merged, Peoples Homesite and Housing Corporation
(PHHC) 1947.
2. 6 more housing agencies are created to respond to
separate and distinct shelter requirements :
 Presidential Assistant on Housing and Resettlement
Agency (PAHRA);
the Tondo Foreshore Development Authority (TFDA);
the Central Institute for the training and Relocation of
Urban Squatters (CITRUS);
the Presidential Committee for Housing and Urban
Resettlement (PRECHUR);
the Sapang Palay Development Committee (SPDC);
the Inter-Agency task Force to Undertake the
Relocation of Families in Barrio Nabacaan,
Villanueva, Misamis Oriental.
History:

3. Presidential Decree No. 757 dated 31 July 1975,

Creation of National Housing Authority (NHA).
2nd attempt to integrate housing agency.

4. Ministry of Human Settlements (MHS) 1978,

Adopted wholistic approach to housing. NHA MHS
agency.
5. 1986, abolishment of MHS, EO # 1

6. EO # 90 ,1986, NHA as implementing agency of NSP

under HUDCC, sole govt agency to engaged in
housing production.

7. EO # 20, 2001, re affirmed HUDCC supervision of

NHA
PROGRAMS : National Housing Authority
1. Resettlement:
a. NHA Administered Resettlement
- This involves acquisition and development of
large tracts of raw land to generate service lots
or core housing units for families displaced
from sites earmarked for government
infrastructure projects
- and those occupying danger areas such as
waterways, esteros and railroad tracks.
PROGRAMS : National Housing Authority

b. Resettlement Assistance Program for Local

Government Units
NHA assists in the development of resettlement
sites by LGUs under its Resettlement Assistance
Program forLGUs.

This is implemented as joint undertaking between

the LGU and NHA.

The LGU's primary contribution is land while the

NHA provides funds to cover cost of land
development.

LGUs recover project cost from beneficiaries and

utilize proceeds exclusively for project maintenance
PROGRAMS : National Housing Authority

2. Site & Services

This refers to the acquisition and development

of raw land for low-income housing.

The objective is the provision of service lots for

low-income families as catchment areas for in-
migration and population growth.

Home lots are allocated to the beneficiaries

where housing units can be constructed on
self-help basis ort hrough affordable housing
finance.
PROGRAMS : National Housing Authority

3. Core Housing

The Program provides service lots with core

housing designed to match the affordability of
target market consisting mostly of low-salaried
government and private sector employees.

Entails acquisition and development of raw

land as well as construction of housing units.
PROGRAMS : National Housing Authority

4. Medium Rise Housing

An in-city housing alternative that entails the

construction of three- to five-storey buildings.

The Medium Rise Public Housing Program is

implemented directly by NHA, utilizing the allocation
for the Program under RA 7835 and units are made
available under lease arrangement.

the Medium Rise Private Housing Program is

implemented directly by NHA or in joint venture with
other government agencies and/or the private
sector.
 PROGRAMS : National Housing Authority
4. Community Based Housing Program
Tenurial Assistance
1. aids in resolving land tenure issues
2. Bridge between Community Organization and
Financial institutions

Technical Assistance.
extends technical assistance to community
associations/cooperatives or Local Government
Units (LGUs)
negotiation with land owner,
preparation of required development plans,
formulation of disposition
and collection schemes
and processing of required documents