Project

REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client NDDC. Made by Date Page
Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 80 rc 08-Dec-2017 101
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etcChecked Revision Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS DESIGN STATUS: VALID

L in e L o a d L G K , L Q K in k N / m
WARNING : X
Passive pressure should
2

S u r c h a r g e S G K , S Q K in k N / m
only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future T W
excavation in front of
the wall. W A T E R
B 1

L L

L S
H W

L E

L W
T b
H P

H n
B N T N
L P

B
DIMENSIONS (mm)
H= 3000 B= 3000 Tw = 450
Hw = 350 BI = 600 Tb = 450
Hp = 450 BN = 1200 TN = 250
Hn = 200
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 30 N/mm gm = 1.5 concrete
fy = 460 N/mm gm = 1.05 steel
cover to tension steel = 50 mm
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) = 0.3 mm
Concrete density = 24 kN/m
SOIL PROPERTIES Wall Geometry
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l () = 24 degree
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) = 0 kN/m (Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
Density of retained mat'l (q ) = 20 kN/m
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) = 13.33 kN/m [default=2/3*q (only apply when 13.33
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (b) = 20 degree ASSUMPTIONS
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) = 10 kN/m a) Wall friction is zero
Density of base material (qb ) = 10 kN/m b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) = 150 kN/m c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
LOADINGS Surcharge load -- live (SQK) = 5 kN/m e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) = 5 water beneath the wall.
Line load -- live (LQK) = 2.5 kN/m f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
Line load -- dead (LGK) = 2.5 kN/m lateral earth pressures
Distance of line load from wall (X) = 1000 mm h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored) Ka = 0.42 [ default ka = (1-SIN )/(1+SIN )0.42

Kp = 2.04 [ default kp = (1+SIN b)/(1-SIN 2.04
Kpc = 2.86 [ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] = 2.86
Kac = 1.30 [ 2ka0.5 ]

Force Lever arm Moment about TOE gf Fult Mult

(kN) (m) (kNm) (kN) (kNm)
PE = 37.78 LE = 1.004 37.94 1.40 52.90 53.11
PS(GK) = 6.33 LS = 1.50 9.49 1.40 8.86 13.28
PS(QK) = 6.33 LS = 1.50 9.49 1.60 10.12 15.18
PL(GK) = 1.05 LL = 2.16 2.28 1.40 1.48 3.19
PL(QK) = 1.05 LL = 2.16 2.28 1.60 1.69 3.65
PW = 0.61 LW = 0.12 0.07 1.40 0.86 0.10
Total 53.16 61.54 75.90 88.51
PP = -14.92 (LP-HN) = 0.01 -0.22 1.00 -14.92 -0.22
Project 0 REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL
Client NDDC. Made by Date Page

Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994 rc 08-Dec-2017 102

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

EXTERNAL STABILITY STABILITY CHECKS : OK

OVERTURNING about TOE F.O.S = 1.50

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) LOADING OPTION
Overturning Lateral FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) (select critical load combination)
Moments PE = 37.78 LE = 1.00 37.78 EARTH
PS(GK) = 6.33 LS = 1.50 9.49 PS(GK)
PS(QK) = 6.33 LS = 1.50 9.49 PS(QK)
PL(GK) = 1.05 LL = 2.16 2.28 PL(GK)
PL(QK) = 1.05 LL = 2.16 2.28 PL(QK)
PW = 0.61 LW = 0.12 0.07 PW
P = 53.16
Pp = -14.92 (LP-HN) = 0.01 -0.22 Warning:
Mo = 61.17 Under some
conditions,surcharge &
Restoring Vertical FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) line loads may have
Moments Wall = 27.54 0.83 22.72 stabilising effects on the
structure, and it is
Base = 32.40 1.50 48.60
recommended that
Nib = 1.20 1.33 1.59 stability checks should
Earth = 99.45 2.03 201.39 also be carried out
Water = 0.00 2.03 0.00 without these loads.
Surcharge = 19.50 2.03 39.49
Line load = 5.00 2.05 10.25
V = 185.09 Mr = 324.03

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo = 5.30 > 1.50 OK

SLIDING (using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) F.O.S = 1.50

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P = 53.16 kN

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) = -14.92 kN Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00
BASE FRICTION ( V TANb + B Cb ) = -97.37 kN
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr = -112.29 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P = 2.11 > 1.50 OK

GROUND BEARING FAI Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m)
Wall = 27.54 0.68 18.59 0 0 4 2 8 4 26 68 1 0 5 2 9 4
0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2.
Base = 32.40 0.00 0.00 0.000

Nib = 1.20 0.18 0.21

Earth = 99.45 -0.53 -52.21
Water = 0.00 -0.53 0.00
Surcharge= 19.50 -0.53 -10.24 50.000
Line load = 5.00 -0.55 -2.75
V= 185.09 Mv = -46.40

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo = 61.17 kNm

100.000

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo = 14.77 kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V = 0.08 m

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) = 72 kN/m < 150 OK
Project 0 REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client NDDC. Made by Date Page

Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994 rc 08-Dec-2017 104

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

OUTER BASE ( per metre length ) BS8110

gf = 1.44 (default = ult mt / non-factored m1.44 reference
V ult = 45.02 kN
M ult = 23.55 kNm (TENSION - BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 585 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 200 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1005 mm2 > 585 OK

MOMENT of RESISTANCE : d= 392 mm

z= 372.40 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 164.01 kNm > 23.55 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.26%

vc = 0.43 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 168.11 kN > 45.02 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH BS8007 :

X= 98.04 mm em = -0.000871 BS8007
Acr = 107.60 mm W= -0.21 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult = 44.41 kN
M ult = 64.96 kNm (TENSION - TOP FACE)

TOP REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 585 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 150 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1340 mm2 > 585 OK

MOMENT RESISTANCE : d= 392 mm

z= 370.09 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 217.33 kNm > 64.96 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.34%

vc = 0.47 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 185.03 kN > 44.41 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH wrt BS8007 : (Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 110.73 mm em = -0.000191 BS8007
Acr = 86.81 mm W= -0.05 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

Type f Centers As Min. As

mm mm mm2 mm2
TOP (DESIGN) T 16 150 1340 585 OK
BOTTOM (DESIGN) T 16 200 1005 585 OK
TRANSVERSE T 16 200 1005 585 OK
 0 REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL
Project
Client NDDC. Made by Date Page

Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994 rc 08-Dec-2017 105

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No. Type Dia Length Unit Wt Weight

WALL VERTICAL - External face 6 T 16 2678 1.578 25.36

VERTICAL - Internal face 9 T 16 2678 1.578 38.04
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.) 26 T 16 1000 1.578 41.04

BASE TOP (MAIN) 7 T 16 3128 1.578 34.56

BOTTOM (MAIN) 6 T 16 3128 1.578 29.62
TRANSVERSE ( T & B ) 32 T 16 1000 1.578 50.51
WALL STARTERS (Ext.) 6 T 16 1615 1.578 15.29
WALL STARTERS (Int.) 9 T 16 1615 1.578 22.94

NIB (assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 6 T 16 578 1.578 5.47
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 9 T 16 578 1.578 8.21
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.) 4 T 16 1000 1.578 6.31

SUMMARY Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg) 277.4
 Diagrams

Project 0
Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etDATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC

DESIGN STATUS: VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(
(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
3

1 64.98
0 71.54 3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.3 69.58 3
0.6 67.61 3
M
0.9 65.64 3
0 1 2 3 4
1.2 63.67 3
0 KN/M^2
1.5 61.70 3
1.8 59.73 3
2.1 57.76 3 50

2.4 55.79 3
2.7 53.82 3 100
3 51.85 3
3 0.00 0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
64.98
0 0.00 71.545 0 71.545 0.060 4.293 3.413 0.060 4.293
1 0.06 71.151 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM 1 71.151 0.060 4.269 3.138 0.060 4.269
2 0.12 70.757 2 70.757 0.060 4.245 2.866 0.060 4.245
3 0.18 70.363 M 3 70.363 0.060 4.222 2.596 0.060 4.222
4 0.24 69.969 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4
4 69.969 0.060 4.198 2.330 0.060 4.198
0 4 .8 .2 .6 .1 .5 .9
5 0.30 69.575 0
.
0
.
0 1 1 2 2 2 5 69.575 0.060 4.175 2.066 0.060 4.175
KN/M^2

6 0.36 69.181 0.000 6 69.181 0.060 4.151 1.806 0.060 4.151

7 0.42 68.787 7 68.787 0.060 4.127 1.548 0.060 4.127
8 0.48 68.393 8 68.393 0.060 4.104 1.293 0.060 4.104
9 0.54 67.999 50.000 9 67.999 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10 0.60 67.605 10 67.605 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
11 0.66 67.212 11 67.212 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
12 0.72 66.818 100.000 12 66.818 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
13 0.78 66.424 13 66.424 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
14 0.84 66.030 14 66.030 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
15 0.90 65.636 15 65.636 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
16 0.96 65.242 64.98 16 65.242 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
17 1.02 64.848 BP 0 71.545 17 64.848 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
18 1.08 64.454 BPE 0.6 67.605 18 64.454 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
19 1.14 64.060 BPI 1.05 64.651 19 64.060 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
20 1.20 63.666 BPZ 3 51.849 20 63.666 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
21 1.26 63.272 21 63.272 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
22 1.32 62.878 22 62.878 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
23 1.38 62.485 23 62.485 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
24 1.44 62.091 24 62.091 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
25 1.50 61.697 25 61.697 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
26 1.56 61.303 26 61.303 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
27 1.62 60.909 27 60.909 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
28 1.68 60.515 28 60.515 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
29 1.74 60.121 29 60.121 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
30 1.80 59.727 30 59.727 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
31 1.86 59.333 31 59.333 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
32 1.92 58.939 32 58.939 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
33 1.98 58.545 33 58.545 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
34 2.04 58.151 34 58.151 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
35 2.10 57.757 35 57.757 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
36 2.16 57.364 36 57.364 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
37 2.22 56.970 37 56.970 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
38 2.28 56.576 38 56.576 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
39 2.34 56.182 39 56.182 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
40 2.40 55.788 40 55.788 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
41 2.46 55.394 41 55.394 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
42 2.52 55.000 42 55.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
43 2.58 54.606 43 54.606 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
44 2.64 54.212 44 54.212 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
45 2.70 53.818 45 53.818 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
46 2.76 53.424 46 53.424 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
47 2.82 53.030 47 53.030 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
48 2.88 52.637 48 52.637 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
49 2.94 52.243 49 52.243 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
50 3.00 51.8487 50 51.849 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
37.783 21.055 37.783

Page 5
 Diagrams

Project 0
Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etDATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC

YY= 2.55 MTE= 23.31

MTLG= 1.80
MTLQ= 1.80
MTSG= 6.8557
MTSQ= 6.86
MTW= 0.00

UTM= 58.61
58.61
0 0.00 0 0.00
ULT. MT (KNM)
1 0.05 0.0143 0.05 MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
2 0.10 0.0572 0.10
3 0.15 0.1287 0.15

00
0.
4 0.20 0.2287 0.20
5 0.26 0.3574 0.26

26
0.
6 0.31 0.5147 0.31
7 0.36 0.7005 0.36

51
0.
8 0.41 0.9149 0.41
9 0.46 1.158 0.46 77
WALL (M)
0.

10 0.51 1.4296 0.51

11 0.56 1.7298 0.56
02
1.

12 0.61 2.0586 0.61

13 0.66 2.416 0.66
28
1.

14 0.71 2.802 0.71

15 0.77 3.2166 0.77
53
1.

16 0.82 3.6597 0.82

17 0.87 4.2197 0.87
79
1.

18 0.92 4.8814 0.92

19 0.97 5.5717 0.97
04
2.

20 1.02 6.2905 1.02

21 1.07 7.038 1.07
30
2.

22 1.12 7.814 1.12

23 1.17 8.6186 1.17
55
2.

24 1.22 9.5651 1.22

25 1.28 10.6 1.28
26 1.33 11.69 1.33
27 1.38 12.837 1.38
28 1.43 14.043 1.43
29 1.48 15.31 1.48
30 1.53 16.638 1.53
31 1.58 18.03 1.58
32 1.63 19.487 1.63
33 1.68 21.01 1.68
34 1.73 22.602 1.73
35 1.79 24.263 1.79
36 1.84 25.996 1.84
37 1.89 27.801 1.89
38 1.94 29.681 1.94
39 1.99 31.636 1.99
40 2.04 33.67 2.04
41 2.09 35.782 2.09
42 2.14 37.975 2.14
43 2.19 40.25 2.19
44 2.24 42.61 2.24
45 2.30 45.054 2.30
46 2.35 47.586 2.35
47 2.40 50.205 2.40
48 2.45 52.916 2.45
49 2.50 55.717 2.50
50 2.55 58.612 2.55

0 0
0 450 WALL GEOMETRY
600 450 4000
WALL (mm)

600 3000 3500

1050 3000
3000
1050 450
2500
3000 450
2000
3000 0
1500
1450 0
1000
1450 -200
1200 -200 500

1200 0 0

0 0 -500
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

BASE ( mm)
3200 3000

Page 6
 Diagrams

ade by rc Job No R68

Date 8-Dec-17

000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1-

0.06 4.293
0.06 4.269
0.06 4.245
0.06 4.222
0.06 4.198
0.06 4.175
0.06 4.151
0.06 4.127
0.06 4.104
0.06 4.080
0.06 4.056
0.06 4.033
0.06 4.009
0.06 3.985
0.06 3.962
0.06 3.938
0.06 3.915
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
69.761

Page 7
 Diagrams

ade by rc Job No R68

Date 8-Dec-17

Page 8
 Project 0
Location RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. Made by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD 1999 BCA for RCC Date 8-Dec-17

WALL
MR= 16.26 MIN SPACING= 747 ASreq = 365.73 fs = 69.728Asprov%= 0.4103
As/bd= 0.004 MSBB= 766 ASBBreq 0.01 fs = 0.0031Asprov%= 0.2565
X= 119.42 MSBT= 766 ASBTreq 400.64 fs = 91.66 Asprov%= 0.3419
Ic= 2.511E+09
STS= 0.0004
ST1= 0.0004
ST2= 0.0006231
Acr= 77.265761
W= -0.04
em= -0.0002

MR= 16.26 MR= 16.26

AsBB/bd= 0.0026 AsBB/bd= 0.0034
X= 98.04 X= 110.73
Ic= 1.727E+09 Ic= 2.177E+09
STS= 0.0001 STS= 0.0005
ST1= 0.0002 ST1= 0.0006
ST2= 0.0010479 ST2= 0.0007632
Acr= 107.60277 Acr= 86.810337
W= -0.21 W= -0.05
em= -0.0009 em= -0.0002

Page 9
 Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete Counc
will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use a
(including that for negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepte
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications
time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication 'Spreadshee
8110 and EC2' available from British Cement Association, Telford Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshir

Status of spreadsheet
Public release version.

Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date Version Action

First public release.
06-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0
Includes b version comments

Page 10
 Notes

or Reinforced Concrete Council is intended for those who

ke responsibility for its use and application. No liability
vice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
CA software and publications are subject to revision from
on of the latest version.

nying publication 'Spreadsheets for concrete design to BS

Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshire RG45 6YS.

Size (kB)
398

Page 11