Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 9

FACULTY OF CIVIL AND

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
BFC 32403
INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

NAME : MUHAMMAD SHAHRUZI BIN MAHADZIR

MATRIC NO : DF150065

LECTURER : DR ROSLINDA BINTI SESWOYA

SUBMISSION DATE : 5 OCTOBER 2017


pH

A wastewater from a factory having pH=10 contains KOH only. Find out the total quantity of
KOH per day if the waste water discharge is 80 m3/day .

Solution :

As we know, pH + pOH = 14

Hence, pOH = 14 pH

= 14 10

=4

[OH] = 10-4 mol/litre

= 10-4 g/litre

The molecular weight for KOH (refer periodic table) = 39 + 16 + 1

= 56 grams

Hence, KOH in g/litre = 56 x 10-4 g/litre

Water discharge = 80 m3/day

= 80 x 103 litres/day

Quantity of KOH = ( 56 x 10-4 g/litre ) x (80 x 103 litres/day )

= 4480 g/day
BOD

200 mL of Genesee river water was collected from just below the brewery. 2 mL of river water
diluted to 1 L, aerated and seeded. The dissolved oxygen content was 7.8 mg/L initially. After
5 days, the dissolved oxygen content had dropped to 5.9 mg/L. After 20 days, the dissolved
oxygen content had dropped to 5.3 mg/L. What is the ultimate BOD?

7.85.9 Convert 2 ml of river water into


BOD5 =
0.002 Litre before calculating the values
for BOD5 and BOD20
= 950 mg/L
2 ml / 1000 ml = 0.002 L

7.85.9
BOD20 =
0.002
= 1250 mg/L

5 1 (5 )
=
20 1 (20 )

950 1 5
=
1250 1 20

1 5
0.76 =
1 20

0.76 0.76e-20k = 1 5

5 0.76e-20k = 1 0.76

5 0.76e-20k = 0.24 per day


ALKALINITY

Given the data below, calculate the lime dose required, in mg/L.

Aluminium dose required, as determined by jar test = 54 mg/L aluminium


Residual alkalinity required for precipitation = 30 mg/L
Raw water alkalinity = 38 mg/L
1 mg/L aluminium reacts with 0.45 mg/L alkalinity
1 mg/L of aluminium reacts with 0.35 mg/L lime

1. To calculate the total alkalinity required, we must first calculate the alkalinity
required to react with 54 mg/L aluminium :
0.45 / /
=
1 / 54 /

By using cross multiplication, find X :

(0.45)(54) =X

X = 24.3 mg/L of alkalinity required

2. Calculate the total alkalinity required

Total Alkalinity = Alkalinity required to react aluminium + Residual alkalinity


= 24.3 mg/L + 30 mg/L
= 54.3 mg/L

3. Calculate the alkalinity to be added into the water

Alkalinity to be added into water = Total alkalinity Raw water alkalinity


= 54.3 38
= 16.3 mg/L
4. Calculate the lime dose required to react with aluminium

0.45 / 16.3 /
=
0.35 / /

1.286 X = 16.3 mg/L


X = 12.7 mg/L of lime required

HARDNESS

Determine the total hardness as CaCO3 of a sample of water that has a calcium content of 28
mg/L and a magnesium content of 9 mg/L.

1) Convert Ca2+ and Mg2+ to mg/L as CaCO3

Ca2+ : MW = 40, n=2, EW=40/2 = 20 g/eq or mg/meq

Mg2+ : MW = 24.3, n=2, EW=24.3/2 = 12.2 g/eq or mg/meq

2) Calculate the calcium and magnesium in terms of CaCO3

(/) 3 (/)
=
3

(/) 3 28 (/)
=
50 20

50 28 (/)
=
20

= 70 mg/L
(/) 3 (/)
=
3

(/) 3 9 (/)
=
50 12.2

50 9 (/)
=
12.2

= 36.9 mg/L
3) Calculate the Total Hardness

Total Hardness (mg/L) as CaCO3 = [ Magnesium hardness as CaCO3 + Calcium


hardness as CaCO3 ]

= 70 + 36.9

= 106.9 mg/L as CaCO3


DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO) SAG CURVE

Find DO concentration 50 km downstream from a discharge with the following characteristics :

Waste Water River


3
Flow (m /s) 0.05 0.5
Ultimate BOD (L0), (mg/L) 50 10
DO, (mg/L) 1 6
Kd, day-1 0.16
Kr, day-1 0.18
Velocity, m/s 0.1
Temperature, oC 25 25

DO sat @ 25oC = 8.38 mg/L

1. Find the time to travel 50 km :


t =

50000
=
0.1 /
= 5.78 days 6 days

2. Calculate combined ultimate BOD of waste water and river

0.05(50)+0.5(10)
La =
0.05+0.5
= 13.6 mg/L
3. Calculate DO after mixing of waste water and river

0.05(1)+0.5(6)
D =
0.05+0.5
= 5.55 mg/L

Initial deficit, Da = 8.38 5.55


= 2.83 mg/L

4. Calculate Tc

1 0.18 0.180.16
Tc = ln [ (1 2.83 )]
0.180.16 0.16 0.16 (13.6)

= 3.17 days 3 days


5. Calculate Dc and DOc

0.16 (13.6)
Dc = ( 0.16(3.17) 0.18(3.17) ) + 2.83 0.18(3.17)
0.180.16
= 108.8 (0.602 0.565) + 1.599
= 5.62 mg/L

DOc = DOs - Dc
= 8.38 5.62
= 2.76 mg/L

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi