Given a sorted and rotated array, find if there is a

pair with a given sum

Given an array that is sorted and then rotated around an unknown point. Find if array has a pair with given
sum x. It may be assumed that all elements in array are distinct.
Examples:

Input: arr[] = {11, 15, 6, 8, 9, 10}, x = 16

Output: true
There is a pair (6, 10) with sum 16

Input: arr[] = {11, 15, 26, 38, 9, 10}, x = 35

Output: true
There is a pair (26, 9) with sum 35

Input: arr[] = {11, 15, 26, 38, 9, 10}, x = 45

Output: false
There is no pair with sum 45.

The idea is to first find the maximum element in array which is the pivot point also and the element just before
maximum is the minimum element. Once we have indexes maximum and minimum elements, we use similar
meet in middle algorithm (as discussed in Given an array A[] and a number x, check for pair in A[] with sum as
x in Searching and Sorting) to find if there is a pair. The only thing new here is indexes are incremented and
decremented in rotational manner using modular arithmetic.

Following is the implementation of above idea.

// C++ program to find a pair with a given sum in a sorted and

// rotated array
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

// This function returns true if arr[0..n-1] has a pair

// with sum equals to x.
bool pairInSortedRotated(int arr[], int n, int x)
{
// Find the pivot element
int i;
for (i=0; i<n-1; i++)
if (arr[i] > arr[i+1])
break;
int l = (i+1)%n; // l is now index of minimum element
int r = i; // r is now index of maximum element

// Keep moving either l or r till they meet

while (l != r)
{
// If we find a pair with sum x, we return true
if (arr[l] + arr[r] == x)
return true;

// If current pair sum is less, move to the higher sum

if (arr[l] + arr[r] < x)
l = (l + 1)%n;
else // Move to the lower sum side
r = (n + r - 1)%n;
}
 return false;
}

/* Driver program to test above function */

int main()
{
int arr[] = {11, 15, 6, 8, 9, 10};
int sum = 16;
int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);

if (pairInSortedRotated(arr, n, sum))
cout << "Array has two elements with sum 16";
else
cout << "Array doesn't have two elements with sum 16 ";

return 0;
}

Output:
Array has two elements with sum 16

Time complexity of the above solution is O(n). The step to find the pivot can be optimized to O(Logn) using the
Binary Search approach discussed in Find the minimum element in a sorted and rotated array in Array
Rotations.

Exercise:
1) Extend the above solution to work for arrays with duplicates allowed.
2) Extend the above solution to find all pairs.