10th Science Notes Respiration | NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

Class 10 Science Online Classes : In this article, the following topic RESPIRATION
RESPIRATION from the
chapter 6 named Life
Life processes
processes of CBSE Class 10th Science is discussed. These notes are
short and crisp, the
e student will understand facilely.
Respiration
All living organisms, whether plants or animals require energy to drive life activities.
Solar energy trapped by green plants during photosynthesis is the ultimate source of energy
available to living organisms
ms for the purpose.
To keep the life process in motion, the energy obtained by the oxidation of various
photosynthesis products by the process called respiration.
 The process of respiration which releases energy takes place inside the cells of the body is
known as cellular respiration.
Respiration is essential for life because it provides energy for carrying out all the life
processes which are necessary to keep the organism alive.

Breathing and Respiration:

Breathing Respiration

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs to

Respiration includes breathing as well
enable gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly
as the oxidation of food in the cells of
by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide is
the organism to release energy.
called Breathing

Respiration includes physical as well as

Breathing is a physical process. the biochemical process of oxidation
of food.

The process of breathing involves the lungs of the The process of respiration involves the
organism. lungs and mitochondria of the cells.

How Energy Released during Respiration is Stored?

The energy produced during respiration is stored in the form of ATP molecules in the cells of
the body and utilized by the organism as when required.
ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate, low energy content), Inorganic Phosphate (Pi) and ATP
(Adenosine Tri-Phosphate, high energy content) are the substances present inside a cell.
The energy released during respiration is used to make ATP molecules form ADP and
inorganic phosphate.
 Thus,, energy is stored in the form of ATP.
When the cell needs energy, then ATP can be broken down using water to release energy.
Thus:

The energy equivalent to 30.5KJ/mole is released in this process.

ATP is known as energy currency of cells.

Types of Respiration
In most of the cases, the organisms carry out respirati
respiration
on by using oxygen. There are, however
some organisms which carry out respiration without using oxygen. Based on this, we have two
types respiration-

1. Aerobic respiration
2. Anaerobic respiration
 Aerobic Respiration

The respiration which uses oxygen is called aerobic respiration.

In aerobic respiration, the glucose food is completely broken down into carbon dioxide and
water by oxidation.
Aerobic respiration produces a considerable amount of energy for use by the organism which
gets stored in the ATP molecules.

The breakdown of Pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy take place in
mitochondria.

Anaerobic Respiration:

The respiration which takes place without oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
The microscopic organisms like yeast and some bacteria obtain energy by anaerobic
respiration (which is called fermentation).
In anaerobic respiration, the microorganisms like yeast break down glucose (pabulum) into
ethanol and carbon dioxide and relinquis
relinquish energy.
Anaerobic respiration produces much less energy which gets stored in the ATP molecules.
 Sometimes, when there is a deficit of oxygen in our muscle cells, another pathway for the
breakdown of Pyruvate is taken. Here the Pyruvate is converted into lactic acid (which is also
a three-carbon
carbon molecule) with the release of a small amount of energy.

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