P.I.

E Outline
Intro:

I: According to Ann Penrose, and Cheryl Geisler, students writing without authority are less
likely to show a role in the text, they explain that writing without authority makes it to be more
informative while it doesnt reflect on the authors perspective (513).
I: Because of the format college students must follow, they focus on organizing the paper with
appropriate and adequate information; however, they forget about their role in the conversation,
and the text turns out to be more informative than reflective.
I: Penrose and Geisler discuss writing without authority evident the authors outsider position,
because their text consists many information and facts, while it doesnt show any impersonal
detach.
Thesis: Despite the importance of writing an informative and organized essay, writing with
authority is equally important.

Body Paragraph:
P: Through authority writes can understand how to appropriately communicate in ways that are
acceptable in certain situations.
I: [L]earning to become a legitimate participate in a community involves learning how to talk
(and be silent) in the manner of full participant (Wardle 290).
I: Wardle asserts the idea that authority is best described to be comprehensive for both the
speaker and the audience, she quotes Lincoln need not involve argumentation and may rest on
the naked assertion that the identity of the speaker warrants acceptance of the speech (Wardle,
290).
E: The idea of gaining knowledge to clearly communicate situations also relates to the fact of
building an identity. Undoubtedly these quotes show the importance of authority and identity in
writing. Wardle clarifies that a writer who can speak in a certain way in different situations is
more likely to obtain an identity and show authority over the conversation. In short, a
conversation is stronger when both the speaker and the audience show authority and build an
identity appropriately in all situations.

Body Paragraph:
P: Authority promotes new workers to adjust in the environment quickly.
I: In Wardles research she discusses Alan at his new job. She describes him to be an expert of
conversation. She clarifies that he considered himself to be the God of the new working place,
since he could communicate his skills clearly, and describe he is unique from his colleagues.
This leads back to the idea of speaking in the right manner in the correct situation (Wardle, 292).
I: Later in the article she points out that [Alan] did not feel as much authority as he claimed to
have (296, Wardle); however, he dominated in the department for the fact that he understood
the proper way of communicating in certain situations.
E: Based on these examples from the research, I believe that authority plays a key role for a
newcomer to adjust in the environment. For example, Alan was not as experts, while the way he
communicated in the department developed his identity and allowed him to have authority over
others. He claimed himself to be the most intellectual and responsible person in the department.
This shows that his speaking skills were powerful enough to adjust in the unique environment.

Body Paragraph:
P: Lack of authority in a text leads the paper to contain more information, while the author
doesnt show any role.
I: Penrose and Geisler discuss their research on two students Janet and Roger. In this research
they mainly focus the students ability to work with the articles, and write a report. Over the
course of semester, they discovered that Roger showed more authority in his paper; whereas,
Janet showed lack of impersonal detachment in her writing. She was more likely to use examples
to clarify her point, while Roger used them to relate with his perspective on the topic (508,
Penrose & Geisler).
I: As a result, they said Janet stayed an outsider, she can comprehend the examples. However,
relating to the paper and developing a role was difficult for her. While, Roger maintained his
position in the writing and determined his understanding. Based on the writing Roger seems to
understand the topic better than Janet (513, Penrose & Geisler).
E. In this article the authors describe the impotence if writing with authority. They illustrate that
the students who doesnt develop a role in the text lacks creativity. They provide enough
information to convey their point, while their paper is not as attractive to the audience. Because it
doesnt as how the authors perspective, and represents other opinions, the text seems more
informative and boring to the audience. Consequently, students must be willing to develop a
position in the writing and demonstrate their understanding of the topic as well as their stance.

Conclusion:
After reading articles from Penrose and Geisler, and Wardle, I strongly believe that authority is
the key to writing effectively in college. Moreover, it supports the writers to develop an identity
in the text. It allows the speaker to show a clear understanding of the topic, and capability of
relating to other authors. For example, they discuss Janet to clarify that students who use
example only to illustrate the facts tends to write an informative paper, while the text doesnt
show impersonal detachment, while Roger used his sources to clarify his position on the topic.
Moreover, authority helps new workers to adjust in an unfamiliar environment. For instance,
Alan showed confidence of his work and communicated with authority in the department, he
could settle quickly, and show his skills that were even better than the ones already working in
the department.