new media is nothing but the amalgamation of all types of media into one new form, all the

conceptions, ideas and theories of the original media are embedded into the new form. New media
is a term meant to encompass the emergence of digital, computerized, or networked information
and communication technologies in the later part of the 20th century. Most technologies described
as "new media" are digital, often having characteristics of being manipulated, networkable, dense,
compressible, interactive and impartial. Some examples may be the Internet, websites, computer
multimedia, computer games, CD-ROMS, and DVDs. New media is not television programs, feature
films, magazines, books, or paper-based publications.

The use of digital computers has transformed the remaining 'old' media, as suggested by the advent
of digital television and online publications. Even traditional media forms such as the printing press
have been transformed through the application of technologies such as image manipulation
software like Adobe Photoshop and desktop publishing tools.

We are witnessing the evolution of a universal interconnected network of audio, video, and
electronic text communications that will blur the distinction between interpersonal and mass
communication and between public and private communication." provide the potential for a
democratic postmodern public sphere, in which citizens can participate in well informed, non-
hierarchical debate pertaining to their social structure.

transition to new media has seen a handful of powerful transnational telecommunications

corporations who achieve a level of global influence which was hitherto unimaginable. New Media is
also Techno-bias there has to be biasness because of the fact that everyone cannot use the
technology only the one capable of doing so has the upper hand over the others and hence he/she
tries to monopolize the new form of media and control the developmental process in the developing
nation

Will alter the meaning of geographic distance.

Allow for a huge increase in the volume of communication.
Provide the possibility of increasing the speed of communication.
Provide opportunities for interactive communication.
Allow forms of communication that were previously separate to overlap and interconnect.

Social media marketing, if done right, can have a significant impact on brand awareness and
popularity. However, many companies fail to utilize this cheap (and in many cases free) method of
marketing. By looking at social media ranks for companies, and comparing it with mainstream media
ranks for the same companies we can see which brands are taking advantage of this new medium
and also draw conclusions about the effectiveness of social media.
While social media has a significant impact on brand awareness and popularity, this medium cares
less about financial viability of a product and more about the product itself, its usability, and the
buzz surrounding it. Furthermore, since social media is largely a niche product, the impact is more
attuned to the early adopter and technology/online-savvy crowd. Mainstream media on the other
hand cares more about the bottom line and what the brand has in store for shareholders.

Interactivity has become a key term for number of new media use options evolving from the rapid
dissemination of Internet access point, thedigitalization of the media, and media convergence.
Such as Internet replaces the "one-to-many" model of traditional mass communication with the
possibility of a "many-to-many" web of communication. the new media with technology
convergence shifts the model of mass communication, and radically shapes the ways we interact and
communicate with one another
the story is that in developed economies, traditional media (and print goes back to the 1400's) is
under significant threat. It really is, and this is not just down to harsh economic conditions.
Newspapers and magazines are seeing a decline in overall readership while new media, including the
Web, online news sites and e-mail marketing, continues to increase its reach. Although the trends
indicate gloom and doom for the newspaper and magazine industry, it looks pretty sunny in the
world of new media.

A distinction between new media and old media is that old media is for the most part mass media. In
addition, each form of new media is highly interactive, while mass media is not. Users of new media
are active producers of content and information, whether sending an email or using Internet
collaboration tools. The older media play a dual role with respect to the new media. They form the
ground from which the new media emerged and they also 2 provided the content of the new
media The content of the new media will be the old media such as speech; writing; numbers;
photographs; telephony; and audio recordings, radio, movies, and television in the form of audios
and videos. New media have a lot of space, also the writer is not bound by deadlines. In a few cases
these older traditional media have for all intents and purposes disappeared or have been
transformed. For example the typewriter is hardly used at all any more but has morphed into the
computer keyboard with its display function having been taken over by the computer printer and
monitor. The telegraph, on the other hand, has disappeared altogether
New media as digital data controlled by software. For instance, a picture can be altered or
generated automatically by running algorithms like sharpen, blue and colorize.
New media becomes a combination of old data and new data; old data relies on visual
reality and human reality, and new data relies on digital data.

The term new media will in general refer to those digital media, which are interactive, incorporate
two-way communication and involve some form of computing as opposed to old media such as
the telephone, radio and TV. Many new media emerged by combining an older medium with
computer chips and a hard drive e.g. TV integrated with a computer to form a digital video recorder
such as TiVo system.

What is new about new media comes from the particular ways in which they refashion older media
and the ways in which older media refashion themselves to answer the challenges of new media.

An important distinction between new and old media as we will use the term is that the old
media are for the most part mass media, which is not the case with the new media with the
possible exception of the Internet and the World Wide Web. Although the latter two media may be
considered mass media because any one with a computer and a telephone or cable connection can
access them, they are nevertheless experienced on an intimate level, each user working alone with
the screen and interface.

Another point is that although millions of people access the Net and Web every day they are each
accessing different material given that there are over eight billion pages already extant on the Net.
The Web and the Net also differ from mass media like TV and radio because they incorporate two-
way communication. It is therefore a safe bet to regard the old media as passive mass media and
the new media as individually accessed interactive media. The new media permit a great more
participation of its users who are no longer just passive recipients of information but are active
producers of content and information (5.11). This is certainly the case with those who use email
(41.1), are participants in a listserv or chat room (Chapter 42), create a Web site (Chapter 43), blog
(Chapter 44), burn their own CDs (28.3), use Web collaboration tools (Chapter 46), podcast (30.4),
offer products via eBay (14.4) or simply surf the Internet (Chapter 40) creating their own
connections between existing sets of information. What we see with interactive media like the Web
is not only the end result of the creative process, but the creative process itself, set down for all
people to see and to share.

The use of the term new media is of course relative. When McLuhan analyzed television and
automation these were the new media of his time One hundred years from now the media that we
label new media will be considered old media and others will be wrestling with the new media
emerging in their time. The term new media as it is used today refers to a class of media that are
digital and interactive and hence differ from the electric mass media that McLuhan (1964) addressed
in UM. Whats new about todays new media is that they are digital, they are linked and cross
linked with each other and the information they mediate is very easily processed, stored,
transformed, retrieved, linked and perhaps most radical of all easily searched for and accessed.

They have undergone some technical improvements like large flat screens for TV and Dolby sound
and computer animation for the movies, but that is not the real story of their changed impact. The
real story is that the ground has changed underneath these media and their place in our culture and
their effect on society have changed

Money and its exchange is another medium, which has not been obsolesced but has been
transformed by new media such as credit cards, ATMs and the World Wide Web through e-
commerce.

New media has entered development communication process by holding the hands of egovernance.
We can call e-governance a new form of media for Development support Technology is an idea To
Transform Soceity communication in rural areas in developing countries. Thus we can call new
media is a vehicle for dissemination of developmental message in rural areas for better
understanding and growth. Finally It can be inferred that
New Media + Development = Development Communication

Fluidity is the most important characteristics of new media. It means to say that new media is such a
concept that it is just like any fluid wherever we place it. It takes the form of that container. That is
why it is so dynamic in nature and a very powerful medium of communication. From this fluidity
characteristics the concept of convergence comes up where companies like Time Warner has
multiple ownership and use all kinds of media and converge it into one new form.
The potential of digitally converged media technologies has been an object of widespread attention
for over a decade and has been most specifically focused on convergence of broadcast Television
and the networked computer meaning to merge TV and Computer. This triggered the dream ticket
for media conglomerate giants to grip the new form into its own clutches and AOL-Time Warner
merger controlled the major U.S market and thus started monopolization of new media in the
broader sense. Convergence of the new media includes both technological and social advancement
electronic development of telecommunication, development in interactivity with computers has
helped in the development of communication in the past and will do so in the future

What is more likely is that just as the printing press in the fourteenth century and photography in
the nineteenth century had a revolutionary impact on the development of modern society and
culture, today we are in the middle of a new media revolution the shift of all culture to computer-
mediated forms of production, distribution, and communication. This new revolution is arguably
more profound than the previous ones, and we are just beginning to register its initial effects.
Indeed, the introduction of the printing press affected only one stage of cultural communication
the distribution of media. Similarly, the introduction of photography affected only one type of
cultural communication still images. In contrast, the computer media revolution affects all stages
of communication, including acquisition, manipulation, storage, and distribution; it also affects all
types of media texts, still images, moving images, sound, and spatial construction.

All new media objects, whether created from scratch on computers or converted from
analog media sources, are composed of digital code; they are numerical representation. A
new media object can be described formally (mathematically). For instance, an image or a
shape can be described using a mathematical function. In short, media becomes
programmable.eg Hindu twitter case
Media elements, be they images, sounds, shapes, or behaviors, are represented as
collections of discrete samples (pixels, polygons, voxels, characters, scripts). These elements
are assembled into larger-scale objects but continue to maintain their separate identities.
The objects themselves can be combined into even larger objects-again, without losing their
independence. Another example of modularity is the concept of "object" used in Microsoft
Office applications. When an "object" is inserted into a document (for instance, a media clip
inserted into a Word document), it continues to maintain its independence and can always
be edited with the program originally used to create.
The numerical coding of media (principle 1) and the modular structure of a media object
(principle 2) allow for the automation of many operations involved in media creation,
rnanipulatiofl, and access. Thus human intentionality can be removed from the creative
process, at le,lst in part.
Old media involved a human creator who manually assembled texrual, visual, and/or audio
elements into a particular composition or sequence. This sequence was stored in some
material, its order determined once and for all. Numerous copies could be run off from the
master, and, in perfect correspondence with the logic of an industrial society, they were all
identical. New media, in contrast, is characterized by variability. Instead of identical copies, a
new media object typically gives rise to many different versions. And rather than being
created completely by a human author, these versions are often in part automatically
assembled by a computer. Thus the principle of variability is closely connected to
automation

Whats the difference between old media and new media?

Old media is characterized mostly by cost because it tends to be physical, rather than digital, its
costs of production and distribution are high. Its traditional media like books, TV, radio, and
newspapers. Note that this isnt specific to brands or organization sizes the New York Times is old
media, but so is the Boston University Daily Free Press or NPR.
New media is characterized by its digital nature and its low physical costs of production and
distribution. New media relies on the Internet for distribution; as such, new media is far more
accessible for the average individual or small organization to produce. Certainly, individuals could
have and did produce homemade newsletters, but their distribution was severely limited. In the new
media landscape, an individual can have as much reach, engagement, and distribution as a Fortune
10 company.
Whats the difference between new media and social media?
Social media is a subset of new media. What sets social media apart as a distinct category inside new
media is its interactive nature, the nature of the social network. We can create text, audio, video,
interactive apps, etc. and publish it to the Internet; our content has independent value. Through
channels like search, other people can locate our media and derive benefit from it. The new media
we create has intrinsic value, regardless of the mechanism of distribution.
Social media is different in that the value of social media is our network of connections. A social
network without any connections is inherently useless. You could set up a Twitter account with zero
friends or followers and tweet, but that content doesnt create any value. You could do the same
with Facebook, LinkedIn, Snapchat, WhatsApp, etc. The value of social media is first in the
connections we have, and only then does the media we publish to it matter.
Social media and new media are not currently interchangeable terms. One can create new media
without being social, but one cannot create social media without also being new media by definition.
This is beginning to change as networks like LinkedIn and Facebook attempt to increase revenues
through publishing; when a network permits our content to be visible, reachable, and valuable
without requiring connections or interactivity, then its become new media instead of just social
media.
Why does the distinction matter?
If our marketing and communications strategy is centered around new media, our focus must be on
the creation of valuable content first, distribution second.
If our marketing and communications strategy is centered around social media, our focus must be on
the creation of a valuable network first, content second.
We will allocate budget, resources, and people differently based on whether we have a new media
strategy or a social media strategy.

New media is changing the overall media landscape. New media allows businesses to target ads
more specifically to consumers based on their age, gender, marital status, etc. It also allows
businesses the ability to track what these consumers are doing and how they end up on your
website. All of these reasons make new media imperative to any media campaign.
There are ways that traditional media can be tracked, but sometimes we ask ourselves is the ad
targeting the people we really should be targeting? New media allows us to get this data and analyze
our target audience. From there, we may have a better understanding of where traditional media
dollars should be spent.
Celebrities arent just in the news. Now, theyre creating it too.

Social Media Traditional Media

Two-way conversation One-way conversation
Open system Closed system
Transparent Opaque
One-on-one marketing Mass marketing
About you About ME
Brand and User-generated Content Professional content
Authentic content Polished content
FREE platform Paid platform
Metric: Engagement Metric: Reach/ frequency
Actors: Users/ Influencers Actors/ Celebrities
Community decision-making Economic decision-making
Unstructured communication Controlled communication
Real time creation Pre-produced/ scheduled
Bottom-up strategy Top-down strategy
Informal language Formal language
Active involvement Passive involvement
Deep Analytics Poor analytics
Paid, Owned, Earned Paid