ACADEMIC JOURNALS

James N. Maples, Ryan L. Sharp, Brian G. Clark, Katherine Gerlaugh, and Braylon
Gillespie. CLIMBING OUT OF POVERTY:
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ROCK CLIMBING IN
AND AROUND EASTERN KENTUCKY'S RED RIVER GORGE. Vol. 23 Issue 1, p53-
71, 19p, Journal of Appalachian Studies, Spring 2017.

Cynthia S. Deale. A Case Study of a Sustainable Tourism Project in Southern Appalachia:

Collaboration Is Key. Journal of Community Engagement & Scholarship. Jun 2009, Vol. 2
Issue 1, p61-67, 7p

Scheyvens, Regina. Ecotourism and the empowerment of local communities. Tourism

Management, Pergamon, 4 May 1999,
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261517798000697.

Radmacher, Dan. Ecotourism Rises Along with Hope for a Region's Future. Appalachian
Voices, 14 Oct. 2014, appvoices.org/2014/10/14/from-the-ashes-ecotourism-rises/.

Romagosa, Francesc, et al. From the inside out to the outside in: Exploring the role of parks
and protected areas as providers of human health and well-Being. Journal of Outdoor
Recreation and Tourism, vol. 10, 2015, pp. 7077., doi:10.1016/j.jort.2015.06.009.

Kulczycki, Cory. Place meanings and rock climbing in outdoor settings. Journal of
Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, vol. 7-8, 2014, pp. 815., doi:10.1016/j.jort.2014.09.005.

Margaryan, Lusine, and Peter Fredman. Bridging outdoor recreation and nature-Based
tourism in a commercial context: Insights from the Swedish service providers. Journal of
Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, vol. 17, 2017, pp. 8492., doi:10.1016/j.jort.2017.01.003.

Caber, Meltem, and Tahir Albayrak. Push or pull? Identifying rock climbing tourists
motivations. Tourism Management, vol. 55, 2016, pp. 7484.,
doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2016.02.003.

Edward, Jones Thomas. "Nature-based tourism in a Japanese national park a case study of
Kamikochi ." Bulletin of the Tokyo University Forests 121 (2009): p.87-116.

Fukami, Satoshi. "The Dilemma of Environmental Preservation and Tourism Promotion :

Example of Yakushima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan." 39 (2011): p.43-52.

Fukami, Satoshi, Yusuke Sakata and Shigemitsu Shibasaki. "The Staying-longer Style of
Eco-tourism in Yaku-Island: The Establishment Possibility which Set the Principal Axis as
Cooperation with a Local Resident." The Journal of Island Studies 4 (2003): p. 41-55.
Kaneta, Iwamitsu and Takeo Kondo. "Study on Vitalizing a Region by Using the Concept of
Ecotourism-: Study on the definition of Ecotourism and its Applicable Way." CELSS
journal 13.2 (2001).

Shimojima, Yasushi and Shigeru Nakasaki. "Study on the Meanings of Ecotourism and its
Sutainable Conditions." The journal of J. F. Oberlin University. Business management
review 3 (2012): p.15-27.

Song, Danjeong and Sueo Kuwahara. "Ecotourism and World Natural Heritage: Its influence
on islands in Japan." Journal of Marine and Island Cultures 5.1 (2016): p.36-46.

Song, Dajeong, and Sueo Kuwahara. Ecotourism and World Natural Heritage: Its influence
on islands in Japan. Journal of Marine and Island Cultures, vol. 5, no. 1, 2016, pp. 3646.,
doi:10.1016/j.imic.2016.05.006.

Tomii, Takayuki, Hiroshi Takeyama and Nobuyuki Mino. "Management Way of Climbing
Area with Collaboration between Climbers and Local Residents." Landscape Research Japan
5 (2015): p.625-628.

Dann, Graham M.s. Tourist motivation an appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 8,
no. 2, 1981, pp. 187219., doi:10.1016/0160-7383(81)90082-7.

Kruger, Linda E. Recreation as a path for place making and community building1.
Leisure/Loisir, vol. 30, no. 2, 2006, pp. 383392., doi:10.1080/14927713.2006.9651359.

Kruger, L.E., and P.J. Jakes. The Importance of Place: Advances in Science and
Application. Latest TOC RSS, Society of American Foresters, 1 Dec. 2003,
www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/saf/fs/2003/00000049/00000006/art00001.

Kruger, Linda E, and Pamela J Jakes. The Importance of Place: Advances in Science and
Application. Forest Science, vol. 49, no. 6, Dec. 2003, pp. 819821.

Yoon, Yooshik, and Muzaffer Uysal. An examination of the effects of motivation and
satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism Management, vol. 26, no. 1,
2005, pp. 4556., doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016.

Pearce, Philip L., and Jan Packer. Minds On The Move: . Annals of Tourism Research,
vol. 40, 2013, pp. 386411., doi:10.1016/j.annals.2012.10.002.

Spartz, James T., and Bret R. Shaw. Place meanings surrounding an urban natural area: A
qualitative inquiry. Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 31, no. 4, 2011, pp. 344
352., doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2011.04.002.

Buckley, Ralf. A framework for ecotourism. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 21, no. 3,
1994, pp. 661665., doi:10.1016/0160-7383(94)90126-0.
Vincent, Vern C., and William Thompson. Assessing Community Support and
Sustainability for Ecotourism Development. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 41, no. 2,
2002, pp. 153160., doi:10.1177/004728702237415.

Swanson, Drew A. Endangered Species and Threatened Landscapes in Appalachia:

Managing the Wild and the Human in the American Mountain South. Environment and
History, vol. 18, no. 1, Jan. 2012, pp. 3560., doi:10.3197/096734012x13225062753589.

Romagosa, Francesc, et al. From the inside out to the outside in: Exploring the role of parks
and protected areas as providers of human health and well-Being. Journal of Outdoor
Recreation and Tourism, vol. 10, 2015, pp. 7077., doi:10.1016/j.jort.2015.06.009.

Strom, Elizabeth, and Robert Kerstein. Mountains and muses: Tourism development in
Asheville, North Carolina. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 52, 2015, pp. 134147.,
doi:10.1016/j.annals.2015.03.006.

Gallotta, Maria Chiara, et al. Psychophysical Benefits of Rock-Climbing

Activity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, vol. 121, no. 3, 2015, pp. 675689.,
doi:10.2466/30.pms.121c26x9.

BOOKS

Fritsch, Albert J., and Kristin Johannsen. Ecotourism in Appalachia: marketing the
mountains. University Press of Kentucky, 2004.

Honey, Martha. Ecotourism and sustainable development: who owns paradise? 2nd ed.,
Island Press, 2008.

Silver, Timothy. Mount Mitchell and the Black Mountains an environmental history of the
highest peaks in eastern America. University of North Carolina Press, 2003.

Spencer, Edgar W. Guide to the geology & natural history of the Blue Ridge Mountains.
Edgar W. Spencer, 2017.

Singh, Tejvir, and Shalini Singh. Tourism development in critical environments. Cognizant
Communication Corp., 1999.

Zeppel, Heather D. Indigenous ecotourism: sustainable development and management.

CABI, 2006.

The U.S. Geological Survey. Birth of the Mountains: The Geologic Story of the Southern
Applachian Mountains, pubs.usgs.gov/gip/birth/.
 WEB SITES

What is Ecotourism? What is Ecotourism? | The International Ecotourism Society, 2015,

www.ecotourism.org/what-is-ecotourism.

High Country Local First. High Country Local First - Organic Farms North Carolina,
www.highcountrylocalfirst.org/.

Jackson, Kristian. Blue Ridge Pump Track Battle and Grand Opening. Rocky Knob
Mountain Bike Park, 15 Aug. 2015, rockyknob.wordpress.com/2015/08/15/blue-ridge-pump-
track-battle-and-grand-opening/.

STATISTICS

Sarah, Osborne, Seth Markowitz. U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts for 2013
2016

Outdoor Recreation Economy Report. Outdoor Industry Association,

outdoorindustry.org/resource/2017-outdoor-recreation-economy-report/.

MAGAZINE

Joel, Lucas. Travels in Geology: Rocks and Climbing at Kentucky's Red River Gorge.
EARTH, Feb. 2016, pp. 4652, www.earthmagazine.org.

Crews, Eric. Hidden Gems. Climbing Magazine, 19 Oct. 2011,

www.climbing.com/news/hidden-gems/.

Steele, Wendy. "Engaging rock climbers - Creating opportunities for collaborative planning
and management in protected areas." Australasian Parks and Leisure (2006): p.42-48.

NEWSPAPER

Alford, Roger, editor. Mining method draws visitors. The Courier Joutnal, 19 Dec. 2005,
p. B4.

Burba, Paula. Appalachian priest keeps busy with parishes, pen in retirement. The Courier
Joutnal, 29 May 2006, p. B1.