SPM Chemistry Trial 2015-2017 Module

2015-2017 SPM Chemistry Trial Paper 2 KKS Version 2
SBP 2017 Q1
Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment. The apparatus is left aside for one day.
Diagram 1
(a) (i) What is the type of particle in copper (II) sulphate?
[1M]
(ii) State the observation for the experiment.
[1M]
(iii) Based on kinetic theory of matter, explain the observation in (a)(ii)
[3M]
(b) Table 1 shows the number of neutron of three different carbon atoms.
Atom Number of neutron
Carbon-12 6
Carbon-13 7
Carbon-14 8
Table 1
(i) All carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 have the same proton number.
What is the number of proton in carbon atoms?
[1M]
(ii) Based on the number of proton in (b)(i) and number of neutron given in Table 1, state the
term used to describe the three types of carbon atoms above.
[1M]
(iii) Represent carbon-12 in form of .
[1M]
(iv) Professor Faridah is an archaeologist. She discovered a fossil at Cenderiang Cave. Which
of the carbon atom can be used to estimate the age of fossil?
[1M]
1
MRSM 2017 Q1
(a) Table 1 shows four consumer products with different substances and their chemical formulae.
Table 1
Based on Table 1:
(i) State one substance which exists as atom.
.... [1M]
(ii) Which substance has the highest melting point?
.... [1M]
(iii) State the observation when blue litmus paper is dipped into hypochlorous acid?
.... [1M]
(iv) Naphthalene cannot conduct electricity in any state. Explain why.
................
................ [2M]
(v) Xenon is a noble or inert gas used mainly for its light-emitting properties in products
like automobile headlights. Why xenon is an unreactive element?
................ [1M]
(b) Diagram 1 shows the heating curve of naphthalene.
Diagram 1
(i) State the type of particle in naphthalene.
................ [1M]
(ii) What is the melting point of naphthalene?
................ [1M]
(iii) Why is there no change in temperature from B to C?
................ [1M]
2
Melaka 2016 Q1
Diagram 1.1 shows the change of the states of matter of an ice cubes which turn to liquid after a while.
Diagram 1.1
(a) Based on Diagram 1.1,
(i) State the process of physical change that occurred.
................ [1M]
(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles in the state of matter after the process occur. [1M]
(b) Based on the process occurs in Diagram 1.1 , state the change to :
(i) the kinetic energy of the particles
................ [1M]
(ii) the forces of attraction between particles
................ [1M]
(c) Diagram 1.2 shows an atom of element Z based on the model proposed by James Chadwick.
(i) Complete the table below to compare the relative mass and the charge of the following
subatomic particles :
Subatomic particle Relative mass Relative charge
proton
electron [2M]
(ii) State the nucleon number for atom Z.
................ [1M]
(iii) Write the symbol of Z element in the form of
................ [1M]
(iv) Atom Y and atom Z are isotopes of an element.
What is the proton number of atom Y?
................ [1M]
3
MRSM 2016 Q1
(a) Diagram 1.1 shows the atomic structure of element T.
Diagram 1.1
Based on Diagram 1.1,
(i) Identify W.
................ [1M]
(ii) State the number of proton in element T.
................ [1M]
(iii) Write the electron arrangement for element T.
................ [1M]
(b) (i) Element T has a melting point of 180.5 .
Predict the physical state of element T at room temperature.
................ [1M]
(ii) Based on the kinetic theory of matter, describe the arrangement and movement of
particles of element T at room temperature.
Arrangement of particles : ....................................... .............................................
Movement of particles : .............................................. ...................................... [2M]

(c) Diagram 1.2 shows the graph of temperature against time when liquid acetamide is cooled.
Diagram 1.2
(i) Determine the freezing point of acetamide.
................ [1M]
(ii) The temperature of acetamide did not change from B to C. Explain why?
................ [2M]
4
Kedah 2017 Q1
Diagram 1 shows the atomic structure of atoms of U,V and W.
Diagram 1
(a) (i) State the name of negatively charged subatomic particles that are found in an atom.
................ [1M]
(ii) What is the term of the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom?
................ [1M]
(b) (i) What is meant by isotope?
................ [1M]
(ii) Which atoms are isotopes?
................ [1M]
(iii) State a radioisotope that is used as a fuel in nuclear power station.
................ [1M]
(c) Table 1 shows four substances and their chemical formulae.
Substance Chemical formula
Krypton Kr
Chloroform CHCl3
Potassium iodide KI
Tetrachloromethane CCl4
Table 1
Based on Table 1 :
(i) State one substance which exists as atom.
................ [1M]
(ii) Which substance has the highest melting point?
................ [1M]
(iii) Potassium iodide cannot conduct electricity in solid state but can conduct electricity in aqueous
solution. Explain why.
................
................
................ [2M]
5
Pahang 2016 Q1
Diagram 1.1 shows Pn Aminah is frying chicken in the kitchen while Ali and his father are at the living
room.
(a) (i) The smell of fried chicken spreads to the living room. Name the process that occured.
................ [1M]
(ii) Explain your answer in a(i) by using kinetic theory of matter.
................ [3M]
(b) Diagram 1.2 shows the heating curve for solid naphthalene.
(i) On the graph above, show and label the melting point of naphthalene. [1M]
(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles of naphthalene at AB and CD
[2M]
(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from B to C.
................ [2M]
6
Teknik Johor 2016 Q1
................ [1M]
................ [1M]
................
................ [2M]
................ [1M]
................ [1M]
................
................ [2M]
................ [1M]
7
Penang 2016 Q2
(a) Table 2.1 shows the number of protons and number of neutrons for atoms A, B, C, D and E
Atom Number of protons Number of neutrons
A 8 8
B 9 10
C 8 9
D 10 10
E 8 10
Table 2.1
Based on Table 2.1:
(i) What is the meaning of isotope?
................ [1M]
(ii) Which atoms are isotopes?
................ [1M]
(iii) Determine the nucleon number of atom C.
................ [1M]
(iv) Write the electron arrangement for atom D.
................ [1M]
(b) Table 2.2 shows the melting point and boiling point of lead(II) bromide.
Melting point 373 oC
Boiling point 916 oC
(i) State the types of particles in lead(II) bromide.
................ [1M]
(ii) Sketch the graph temperature against time if lead(II) bromide is cooled from 500oC to
room temperature.
[2M]
o
(iii) What is the state of matter of lead(II) bromide at 500 C?
................ [1M]
(iv) Draw the arrangement of particles in b(iii).
[1M]
Melaka 2015 Q7
(a) (i) Q is a substance which has a melting point of 48 C and a boiling point of 89 C. Sketch a
graph of temperature against time when substance Q is heated from room temperature to
100 C. [3M]
(ii) What is meant by isotope?
Isotopes are used in agriculture, medicine, archaeology and industry fields.
By choosing one of the above mentioned fields, name an isotope and its use. [3M]
8
SBP 2016 Q1
(a) Table 1 shows the number of proton and the number of neutron of atoms Y and Z
Atom Number of proton Number of neutron
Y 17 18
Z 20 20
Table 1
Based on Table 1:
(i) Write the electron arrangement of atom Y.
................ [1M]
(ii) State the period of atom Y in the Periodic Table of Element.
[1M]
.......
(iii) Give one reason for your answer in 1(a)(ii).
[1M]
.......
(iv) Write the formula of Z ion.
................ [1M]
(v) State the nucleon number of atom Z.
................ [1M]
(b) Pineapple is a tropical plant which consists of many nutrients such as niacin or vitamin B3.
Diagram 1 shows a picture pineapple and the enlargement of the structural formula of niacin in a
pineapple.
Diagram 1
(i) What is the molecular formula of niacin?
....... [1M]
(ii) State the type of particle in niacin.
....... [1M]
(iii) 10.0 kg of pineapple it consists of 5.0 g of niacin. What is the number of mole of niacin
in 10 kg of pineapple? [Relative Atomic Mass: H=1, C=12, O=16, N=14]
[2M]
9
Melaka 2016 Q2
(a) Tartaric acid is used as flavouring in food and beverages. Diagram 2.1 shows the molecular formula of
tartaric acid.
C4H6O6
Diagram 2.1
(i) What is the meaning of molecular formula?
....... [1M]
(ii) Write the empirical formula of tartaric acid.
....... [1M]
(iii) State the difference between molecular formula and empirical formula of tartaric acid.
....... [1M]
(b) Diagram 2.2 shows a chemical equation for a reaction.
2KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) 2KNO3(aq) + PbI2(s)
Diagram 2.2
Based on the equation, answer the following questions;
(i) State the name of reactants and a products.
Reactants : ....
Products : ....... [2M]

(ii) What is the physical state of PbI2?
................ [1M]
(iii) In this reaction, 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 Pb(NO3)2 solution has reacted with KI solution.
Calculate the mass of PbI2 formed.[Relative atomic mass : Pb = 207 ; I = 127]
[3M]
10
Terengganu 2017 Q4
(a) Table 3 shows the molecular formula for two members of carboxylic acid
Member of carboxylic acid Methanoic acid Asid etanoik
Molecular formula HCOOH CH3COOH
Table 3
(i) What is the meaning of molecular formula?
[1M]
(ii) State the name of the elements presents in both acids.
... [1M]
(iii) Calculate the molar mass of methanoic acid.
[Relative atomic mass; H = 1 , C = 12 , O = 16]
[1M]
(iv) The chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium with ethanoic acid is as below:
Mg(s) + 2CH3COOH(aq) (CH3COO)2Mg(aq) + H2(g)
Give three information that can be interpreted from the chemical equation.
[3M]
(b) Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set up for the reaction between magnesium carbonate powder and
sulphuric acid.
Diagram 3
(i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
[1M]
(ii) Calculate the volume of the gas released at room conditions if 5 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3
sulphuric acid is reacted with excess magnesium carbonate powder.
[Molar volume of gas at room conditions = 24.0 dm3 mol-1]
[3M]
11
Penang 2016 Q3
Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.
(a) When carrying out the experiment, why does the crucible lid need to be opened once awhile?
.......... [1M]
(b) Table 3 shows the results of the experiment
Description Mass (g)
Mass of crucible + lid 21.45
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium 23.85
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide 25.45
Table 3
Based on Table 3, determine the value of the following: [Relative atomic mass : O,16; Mg, 24]
(i) Mass of magnesium
[1M]
(ii) Number of moles of magnesium
[1M]
(iii) Mass of oxygen
[1M]
(iv) Number of moles of oxygen
[1M]
(v) Empirical formula of magnesium oxide
[1M]
(c) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen.
.................. [2M]
(d) Can the method above be used to determine the empirical formula of lead(II) oxide? Give a
reason.
.......... [2M]
12
MRSM 2017 Q2
(a) Diagram 2.1 shows a box of an ointment used for preventing and treating diaper rash.
Diagram 2.1
Diagram 2.2 shows the apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula of zinc oxide.
Diagram2.2
(i) What is the meaning of empirical formula?
[1M]
(ii) Table 2 shows the data obtained from the experiment
Description Mass (g)
Mass of crucible + lid 24.0
Mass of crucible + lid + zinc 30.5
Mass of crucible + lid + zinc oxide 32.1
Table 2
Based on Table 2, determine the empirical formula of zinc oxide.
[Relative atomic mass: O:16; Zn:65]
[3M]
(iii) State the type of compund of zinc oxide.
[1M]
(iv) State the change in the colour of zinc oxide as it cools.
[1M]
13
Pahang 2016 Q2
Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula of copper(II) oxide.
(a) State the meaning of empirical formula.
.......... [1M]
(b) Solution X and metal Y reacts to produce hydrogen gas.
State the name of solution X and metal Y.
Solution X : ......
Metal Y : ...... [2M]

(c) What is the function of anhydrous calcium chloride?
....... [1M]
(d) (i) State the empirical formula of copper(II) oxide.
...... [1M]
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen gas and
copper(II) oxide.
...... [1M]
(e) How to ensure that all of the copper(II) oxide has been reduced to copper?
.......... [1M]
(f) Can the empirical formula for aluminium oxide be determined by using this method?
Give one reason for your answer.
.......... [2M]
14
N9 2015 Q8
(a) Table 8 shows the chemical formulae of two fertilizers.
Name of fertilizer Formula
Ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4
Urea CO(NH2)2
Table 8
Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen for each of the compounds. State which
compound is a better fertilizer? Explain your answer. [6M]
(b) Below shows the information of compound Z.
40.00% carbon
6.67% hydrogen
53.33% oxygen
All percentage shown is by mass Relative molecular mass : 180
Determine the molecular formula of compound Z. [5M]
(c) Chemical equation below shows the decomposition of copper (II) nitrate, when heated strongly.
2Cu(NO3)2(s) 2CuO(s) +4NO2(g) + O2(g)
[RAM: Cu = 64; O = 16; N = 14; molar volume of gas at room conditions: 24 dm3mol-1]
(i) Interpret the chemical equation quantitatively and qualitatively. [4M]
(ii) Calculate the total volume of gas released at room conditions when 9.4 g of copper (II)
nitrate is heated. [3M]
(d) Diagram 8 shows a canister of laboratory gas used for heating.
Diagram 8
Calculate the volume of butane gas at room condition when all of the gas is released.
[Molar gas at room condition: 24 dm3mol-1, Relative atomic mass: H= 1; C=12] [2M]
15
MRSM 2016 Q9
Diagram 9.1 shows the chemical bonding in a molecule of a compound present in fruits.
(a)
Diagram 9.1
(i) State the molecular formula and empirical formula of this compound. [2M]
(ii) What is the relative molecular mass of this compound?
[Relative atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12 and O = 16] [1M]
(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a gas syringe containing helium gas.
Diagram 9.2
(i) Calculate the mass of helium gas in the syringe.
[Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3mol-1 at room conditions, RAM of He = 4] [3M]
(ii) During sport day opening ceremony, balloons are filled with helium gas. The balloons
deflate after a few days. Explain the situation using Kinetic Theory of Matter. [4M]
(c)
Describe an experiment to determine the empirical formula of a Y oxide.

Your answer should include the following aspects:
Procedure of the experiments
Calculation of the empirical formula [10M]
16
Melaka 2016 Q3
(a) Standard representation of sodium and oxygen are stated respectively in diagram 3.1
Diagram 3.1
(i) State the electron arrangement of sodium ion and oxide ion.
Sodium ion :
Oxide ion : [2M]

(ii) Compare the size of sodium and oxygen atom. Explain your answer.
.........
.............
............. [2M]
(b) (i) Sodium atom and oxygen atom are able to form a compound. Draw the electron arrangement of
the compound.
[2M]
(ii) Write the chemical formula of the compound formed.
....... [1M]
(c) (i) State one observation when water is poured onto the compound in a test tube.
....... [1M]
(ii) Write a balance chemical equation for the reaction.
....... [2M]
17
Perlis 2017 Q2
Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of elements. D, E, F, G and H do not represent the actual
symbol of the elements.
Diagram 2
Using the letters in the Periodic Table of the elements in Diagram 2, answer the following questions.
(a) (i) Which elements form an amphoteric oxide?
......... [1M]
(ii) Which element is able to form coloured compound?
......... [1M]
(b) Arrange D, E, F, G and H according to the decreases in size of the atoms.
.................. [1M]
(c) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of element F.
.................. [1M]
(d) Write the formula for the ion formed from an atom of element D.
.................. [1M]
(e) State which is more electronegative, F or G. Explain your answer.
.................. [2M]
(f) D reacts with G to form a compound. [1M]
................ [1M]
(ii) State the type of chemical bond in this compound.
................ [1M]
18
Terengganu 2016 Q2
Diagram 2 shows the position of five elements; C, D, E, F, and G in the Periodic Table. These letters are not
the actual symbols of the elements.
Diagram 2
Based on Diagram 2, answer the following questions :
(a) What is the basic principle used in arranging the elements in Periodic Table of Elements?
....................................................................................................................... .............. [1M]

(b) State two elements that are placed in the same group.
................................................................................................................................. .... [1M]

(c) State the position of element B and give a reason.
......................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2M]
(d) Compare the reactivity between element C and E. Explain your answer.
.....................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................ [3M]
(e) Arrange the atomic size of A, B, C, D and E in descending order.
.................................................................................................................................................... [1M]
(f) Nickel is well known as a useful catalyst for hydrogenation reaction in the manufacture of
margarine. State the element with similar properties with nickel.
...................................................................................................................................................... [1M]
19
Pahang 2016 Q3
Diagram 3 shows some of the elements in the periodic table of elements.
Diagram 3
(a) Based on Diagram 3, answer the following question.
(i) State group of Cl in the Periodic Table of Elements.
............................................................................................................................................ [1M]
(ii) State which element that exists as a metal.
............................................................................................................................................ [1M]
(b) (i) State which element formed an amphoteric oxide.
............................................................................................................................................ [1M]
(ii) Based on answer in (b)(i), write the formula for the compound formed.
...........................................................................................................,,,,,,,,,,,,..................... [1M]
(c) Element Mg and Cl can reacts to form a compound. [1M]
(i) Write the chemical formula of the compound formed.
.......................................................................................................................................... [1M]
(ii) Explain how the compound in (c)(i) formed.
Mg : .............................................................................................................................
Cl : ............................................................................................................................. [2M]
(iii) Draw the electron arrangement for the compound formed.
[2M]
(iv) State one physical property of these compounds.
............................................................................................................................................ [1M]
20
Penang 2016 Q4
Diagram 4 shows the position of several elements Q, R, S, T, U, W and X.
Diagram 4
Based on Diagram 4:
(a) State on element that is halogen.
......... [1M]
(b) (i) State one element that is monoatomic.
..... [1M]
(ii) Why does the element in b (i) exist as monoatomic?
..... [2M]
(c) (i) Identify the element that reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas.
..... [1M]
(ii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction in c(i).
. [2M]
(d) Identify the element that can form a coloured solution when dissolved in water.
..... [1M]
(e) Gas Q Gas R
light light
flammable not reactive
colourless colourless
Based on the above information, which gas is more suitable to be used in
meteorological balloons? Give one reason.
.....
..... [2M]
21
..... [1M]
..... [1M]
..................... [1M]
.................
................. [2M]
................. [1M]
................. [1M]
................. [1M]
................. [1M]
22
MRSM 2017 Q9
Diagram 9 shows three objects in various fields. One of the components that made up these objects are the
elements found in the Periodic Table of Elements.
Bridge Electrical wires Gemstone

Diagram 9
(a) Where are these elements positioned in the Periodic Table? Based on Diagram 9, state one
property of each element that made them suitable as those objects. [4M]
(b) Table 9 shows the observations when X and Y react with oxygen respectively.
Table 9
(i) Based on Table 9, compare the reactivity of X and Y. Explain your answer. [6M]
(ii) Element Z is placed in the same group with element X and Y.
The proton number of element Z is 19.
Describe a laboratory experiment to compare the reactivity of Y and Z towards water.
In your description, include the following aspects:
Materials and apparatus
Procedure of experiment
Chemical equation between water and Y or Z [10M]
23
SBP 2017 Q7
24
Penang 2016 Q7
(a) Table 7 shows the proton number of elements X, Y and Z.
Element Proton number
X 6
Y 11
Z 17
Table 7
Element Z reacts with iron wool to form a halide compound.
(i) State the position of element Z in the Periodic table of elements.
Explain the position of element Z based on its electron arrangement.
(ii) State one observation when element Z reacts with iron wool. [4M]
(b) Reaction between element Y and cold water produces hydrogen gas.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved.
(ii) Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas that may be released at room conditions if 2.3 g of
element Y is used in the reaction.
[Relative atomic mass of Y, 23; molar volume = 24 dm3mol-1] [6M]
(c) Explain the formation of two compounds from these elements. The two compounds should have
different types of bonds. [10M]
Melaka 2015 Q7
(b) Explain the following:
(i) The elements of Group 18 in the Periodic Table of Elements are chemically inert. [2M]
(ii) The melting points and boiling points of Group 17 elements increase when going down
the group. [3M]
(iii) The atomic radii of Period 3 elements decrease from left to right across the period. [3M]
25
MRSM 2016 Q7
Table 7.1 shows the standard representation for sodium and chlorine atom.
Table 7.1
(a) (i) Based on the Table 7.1, explain the position of sodium and chlorine element in the Periodic
Table of Elements. [5M]
Diagram 7.2
(ii) Diagram 7.2 shows apparatus set up for the reaction between sodium and chlorine gas.
Explain how the compound is formed and draw the electron
arrangement of the compound. [7M]
(iii) Chlorine atom can react with carbon atom to form another type of compound.
Compare the melting point of the compound formed with the melting point of the
compound in a(ii). Explain your answer. [5M]
(b) Diagram 7.3 shows the results when argon and oxygen gas is filled into a bulb.
Diagram 7.3
Based on Diagram 7.3, explain why argon is more suitable to be filled in the bulb than
oxygen. [3M]
26
MRSM 2017 Q7
Diagram 7 shows the products and their main components respectively
Diagram 7
(a) Based on Diagram 7, state the differences between both main substances in terms or
type of compound
type of particle [4M]
(b) Explain the formation of methane, CH4 and sodium fluoride, NaF.
Draw the electron arrangement of the compounds formed.
[Proton number: H:1; C:6; F:9;Na:l l] [10 M]
(c) Compare the boiling point of both compounds in Diagram 7. Explain your answer. [6M]
Perlis 2017 Q7
Diagram 8.1 shows the symbol of three elements.
(a) Write the electron arrangement for atom X. Explain the position of the element in the
Periodic Table of Elements. [4M]
(b) (i) Both elements W and Z can react with element X to form different compounds.
Write an equation to show the formation of each compound.
(ii) In another reaction, 0.1Mol of chlorine gas react completely with element Z. Write an equation
for the reaction, hence determine the number of mole of Z that has reacted. [6M]
(c)
Diagram 8.2
Based on diagram,
(i) Suggest substance C and solvent D.
Solvent D is suitable to be used to remove the nail varnish. Explain why.
(ii) Explain the differences in properties between solution E and solution F. [10M]
27
N9 2015 Q7
Diagram 7 shows a methane cycle.
Diagram 7
(a) Methane, CH4 is formed as an end product of an anaerobic decay of cow dung.
Describe how methane, CH4 is formed in terms of chemical bonding. [7M]
(b) Calcium chloride is used as an additive to fire extinguishers.
Describe how compound calcium chloride is formed in terms of chemical bonding. [7M]
(c) Compare two physical properties of methane and calcium chloride. Explain your answer. [6M]
SBP 2015 Q7
(a) Properties of compound W are shown in the box below.
Colourless liquid at room condition
Have melting point of -27OC and boiling point of 77 OC
Does not mix with water
(i) Is compound W an ionic or covalent compound? Explain your answer
(ii) State one more property of compound W. [4M]
(b) Diagram 7 shows electron arrangement of compounds P and Q.
Compound P Compound Q
(i) Compare compound P and compound Q in terms of
Type of bonds
Type of particles forms
Type of attraction force between the particles
Way for the atoms to achieve the stable octet electron arrangement [8M]
(ii) Oxygen atoms can react with sodium atoms to produce a compound.
Draw the electron arrangement of compound formed. [2M]
(c) Tartaric acid is a covalent compound which is widely used as a flavouring in soft drinks. The
composition according to the mass of tartaric acid is 32% carbon, 4% hydrogen and 64% oxygen.
(i) Determine empirical formula of tartaric acid. [4M]
(ii) Molar mass of tartaric acid is 150 g mol-1. Determine molecular formula of tartaric acid.
[Atomic relative mass : H, 1; C, 12; O, 16] [2M]
Melaka 2015 Q7
(c) Element X reacts with chlorine to form a compound. Describe how the bonds between atom
of element X and chlorine atoms are formed.
[ Proton number: X =6, Cl=17 ] [6M]
28
SBP 2016 Q7
Diagram 7.1 shows a conversation between Sarah and her mother while preparing a dinner.
Diagram 7.1
(a) Based on the conversation in Diagram 7.1, explain the differences of the physical properties
of ice cubes and salt. [4M]
(b) Name the type of bond for the compounds mentioned in Diagram 7.1.
Explain the formation of the compounds. [10M]
(c) Diagram 7.2 shows an observation when table salt is added in two different solvents, solvent W and
solvent X. The property of the salt in the solvents is shown by ammeter reading when electrolysis
process is conducted.
Diagram 7.2
(i) Based on Diagram 7.2, suggest solvent W and solvent X. [2M]
(ii) Explain the differences in the properties between table salt in solvent W and X. [4M]
Perlis 2016 Q9
Diagram 9 shows the atomic structure of three elements X, Y and Z.
(a) Based on Diagram 9, two types of compounds can be formed.

Explain the differences between the two compounds formed in terms of
Types of chemical bonds, and
Boiling and melting points. [4M]
(b) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound formed between X and Y, and explain the
formation of the compound. [6M]
(c) You are given two samples of chemical substances, P and Q.
Both of them are white solids. P is a covalent compound and Q is an ionic compound.
Describe a laboratory experiment to investigate the electrical conductivity of P and Q. Include the
observations in your answer. Suggest a suitable example for each substance P and substance Q.
[10M]
29
Perlis 2017 Q7
Diagram 7.1 and 7.2 shows the electron arrangement for XY2 and PQ2 compounds.
Diagram 7.1
Diagram 7.2
(a) Based on Diagram 7.1, explain the position of element Y in the Periodic Table of elements. [5M]
(b) Based on Diagram 7.2, explain the formation of PQ2 compound. [5M]
(c) Table 7.1 and 7.2 shows the apparatus set up and observations obtained by Naim when he conducts
two experiments to determine the melting point and electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent
compounds.
Results: Experiment I: Determine the melting point of ionic and covalent compounds.
Substance Apparatus set-up Observation
Magnesium chloride White solid remain even after 10Minutes
Colourless liquid disappears and the test

Hexane
tube becomes dry after 10Minutes
Table 7.1
Experiment II: Determine electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent compounds.
Substance Apparatus set-up Observation
The bulb does not light up
Lead(II) bromide
The bulb light up
Naphthalene The bulb does not light up
The bulb does not light up
Magnesium chloride
The bulb light up
Table 7.2
Based on your observation in Table 7.1 dan 7.2 , state the different in observation of
Melting point and
Electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent compounds
Explain your answer. [10M]
30
MRSM 2016 Q4
Diagram 4.1 shows two metals inserted in a potato that contains phosphoric acid, H3PO4. A student found
that the light emitting diode (LED) bulb is lighted.
(a) Name the type of cell in Diagram 4.1.
.......................... [1M]
(b) State the energy conversion that occur in the cell stated in (a).
.......................... [1M]
(c) Write the half equation for the reaction that occurs at positive terminal.
......................... [2M]
(d) If the experiment is repeated by using a series circuit containing three potatoes, suggest the
suitable apparatus to replace LED to show electrical conductivity.
......................... [1M]
(e) A teacher asks the students to modify the above cell to produce brighter LED light as shown in
Diagram 4.2.
(i) State one example of metal X.
................ [1M]
(ii) Explain your answer in e(i).
................ [1M]
(f) (i) Suggest a fruit that can be used to replace potato to make the bulb lights up.
................ [1M]
(ii) Explain your answer in f(i).
................
................ [2M]
31
MRSM 2017 Q5
(a) Table 5.1 shows the apparatus set-up for two experiments to investigate the electrolysis of copper(Il)
sulphate solution using different electrodes.
Table 5.1
(i) Write the formula of all ions present in copper(Il) sulphate solution.
[1M]
(ii) State the observation at the cathode in Experiment L
[1M]
(iii) Complete Table 5.2 to show the products formed at the anode and the factors that affect the
product formed in Experiment I and II.
Experimen Factor that affect the product
Product form at anode
t formed at the anode
I
II Copper (II) ion

[3M]
Table 5.2
(iv) Write half equation at the anode in Experiment II
[1M]
(v) In which experiment the blue colour of copper(II) sulphate solution remain unchanged?
Explain your answer.
[2M]
(b) Diagram 5 shows an apparatus set-up that contains Cell X and Cell Y.
Magnesium and copper electrodes in Cell X are connected to carbon electrodes in Cell Y using
connecting wires. The circuit are left for 20 minutes.
32
Based on Diagram 5,
(i) Write the half equation for the reaction at R electrode.
... [1M]
(ii) The product formed at R electrode was added to iron(Il) sulphate solution in a test tube
and the green iron(Il) sulphate change to brown. Explain the changes occurred.
...
... [2M]
33
................. [1M]
................. [1M]
................. [1M]
...................
...................
................ [3M]
...................
................ [2M]
...................
...................
.,,,............... [3M]
34
Melaka 2016 Q4
Diagram 3.1 shows the set-up apparatus to study a chemical cell.
(a) State all ions present in beaker A.
..................
. [1M]
(b) Dilute sulphuric acid is used as a salt bridge in the cell.
Suggest another chemical substance that can replace sulphuric acid.
.............. [1M]
(c) (i) Referring to beaker B, state the process that occurs at copper electrode.
................. [1M]
(ii) Explain your answer in (c)(i) based on the change in oxidation number.
................ [1M]
(d) Write the half-equations for the reaction occurred at both terminals.
Negative terminal : .......
Positive terminal : ....... [2M]

(e) The voltmeter reading in Diagram 3.1 is 2.7V.
Predict the potential difference if copper electrode is replaced with silver
.................. [1M]
(f) Magnesium and magnesium nitrate solution in Diagram 3 are replaced with silver and silver nitrate
solution.
(i) State the flow of electron in the cell.
................. [1M]
(ii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction occurs in the cell in (f)(i).
................ [1M]
35
Perlis 2017 Q4
Diagram 4 shows the apparatus set-up for two types of cells, P and Q.
Cell P Cell Q
(a) State the name of cell P and Q.
.. [2M]
(b) State all the anions present in copper(II) sulphate solution.
. [1M]
(c) Based on Cell P,
(i) State the observation at the anode.
... [1M]
(ii) Write the half equation for the reaction that occurs at anode.
... [1M]
(iii) State the colour change of the copper(II) sulphate solution in cell P.
Give one reason for the answer.
Colour change : ...........
Reason : ........... [2M]

(d) Based on Cell Q,
(i) State the positive terminal of Cell Q.
... [1M]
(ii) Write the half equation for the reaction that occurs at positive terminal.
... [1M]
(e) If the copper plate in Cell Q is replaced by a zinc plate, what will happen to the voltmeter readings?
. [1M]
36
Kedah 2017 Q5
Table 5 shows the result of displacement reaction to determine the position of silver metal, L and M in the
electrochemical series.
Experiment I II III
Observation Grey solid deposited Grey solid deposited Light No change

Colourless solution formed blue solution formed
Table 5
(a) (i) State the name of the grey solid formed.
[1M]
(ii) Explain the observation in experiment III.
[1M]
(iii) Arrange silver metal, L and M in descending order of electropositivity.
[1M]
(iv) Draw a labelled diagram to show how you can construct a voltaic cell using metal L,
metal M and their nitrate solution respectively.
[2M]
(b) Diagram 5.1 shows an industrial process to extract aluminium metal from its ore, molten aluminium
oxide.
Diagram 5.1
(i) During electrolysis process, aluminium oxide is mixed with cryolite, Na3AlF6.
What is the function of cryolite?
[1M]
(ii) Write the formulae of all ions in the molten aluminium oxide.
[1M]
(iii) Write half-equation for the reaction at cathode.
[1M]
37
(c) Diagram 5.2 shows the discharge of waste chemicals during electrolysis process in industries.
Diagram 5.2
Explain briefly how these waste chemicals can cause pollution and way to overcome the problems.
. [3M]
Perlis 2016 Q8
(a) Lemon juice was electrolysed using carbon electrode. State the product obtained at the
cathode. Write the half equation for reaction. [2M]
(b) Table 8 shows the apparatus set-up and observations of two sets of experiment.
The aim of experiment is to study the factors of electrode in cell M and chemical cell in cell N.
Set Apparatus set-up Observation
Cell M Anode :Electrode copper becomes thinner
Cathode: Brown solid deposited
Cell N Anode: Magnesium becomes thinner

Cathode: Brown solid deposited
Table 8
Based on Table 8, explain the differences in the observation for both sets of experiment.
Write one half equation involved. [8M]
(c) Fara wants to electroplate an iron key with copper to prevent it from rusting.
Plan one laboratory experiment to electroplate the iron key.
Your answer should include the following:
A list of materials and apparatus
Procedure of the experiment
A labelled diagram showing the apparatus set-up
The half equations for the reactions at the cathode and the anode [10M]
38
Terengganu 2016 Q7
Diagram 7.1 shows the set-up of the apparatus to study the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution using
carbon electrodes.
Diagram 7.1
(a) Based on Diagram 7.1, state the factors that determine the products formed at
electrode P and electrode Q. [2M]
(b) Explain the reaction at electrodes; P and Q. Include the following in your
explanation :
List of ions attracted to each of electrodes, P and Q
Names of the ions selectively discharged at each electrode
The reason why the ions are selectively discharged
Observation for each electrodes [8M]
(c) Diagram 7.2 shows two types of cell.
Diagram 7.2
Compare and contrast cell X and cell Y in term of :
Type of cell
The energy change
The terminals of the cells
Ions presence in the electrolyte
Observation
Half equation for both electrodes
Name of the processes occurred at the positive terminal of each cell [10M]
39
Penang 2016 Q9
(a) Ethanoic acid or acetic acid is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula
CH3COOH. If ethanoic acid solution is electrolysed by using platinum electrode, what is the product
formed at the anode and cathode?
Write a half-equation for the reaction occurred at the anode and at the cathode. [4M]
(b) The diagram below shows two cells.
Cell Y is a chemical cell while cell Y is an electrolytic cell. Compare cell X and cell Y.
[6M]
A more electropositive metal will displace a less electropositive metal from its salt solution.
By using suitable metals and one suitable salt solution, describe a laboratory experiment to prove the
above statement.
Your description should include the following:
Expected results
Balanced equation [10M]
Kedah 2016 Q9
Salman intends to electroplate an iron spoon with nickel.
Nickel, Ni is a transition element with oxidation number of +2 and +3.
(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show how he can set up the apparatus.
Write the half equations at anode and cathode. [4M]
(b) Two sets of experiment are carried out to investigate the factors affecting the discharged of ions at the
anode. Table 9.1 shows information about both experiments.
Experiment Electrolyte Type of anode Observation at anode
I 0.0001 mol dm-3 MI Carbon Bubble of gas produced light up a
solution glowing splinter.
II 1.0 mol dm-3MI solution Carbon The solution turns brown and turns dark
blue when starch solution is added.
Table 9.1
Name the product formed at the anode in set I and set II. Explain how the products are formed.
[6M]
(c) Chemical cell produces electrical energy through chemical reaction.
By using two suitable metal electrodes and an electrolyte, describe an experiment to verify the above
statement. [10M]
40
SBP 2017 Q10
41
Kelantan 2017 Q5
Rajah 8 menunjukkan dua jenis sel
Rajah 8
(a) Nyatakan anod dan katod bagi Sel B. [2M]
(b) Banding dan bezakan Sel A dan Sel B. Dalam jawapan anda sertakan pemerhatian dan
setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas di setiap elektrod dalam kedua-dua sel. [8M]
(c) Selepas 30 minit eksperimen dijalankan didapati warna biru larutan kuprum(II) nitrat dalam
Sel A bertukar kepada tidak berwarna manakala warna biru larutan kuprum(II) nitrat dalam
Sel B masih kekal. Jelaskan jawapan anda. [4M]
(d) Hitung jisim elektrod Kuprum dalam Sel A dan Kuprum P dalam Sel B setelah 30 minit
eksperimen dijalankan. [Jisim atom relatif : Cu = 64 ] [5M]
(e) Nyatakan 1 aplikasi kegunaan Sel B dalam industri [1M]
42
Terengganu 2016 Q5
Table 5 shows the information about four solutions; P, Q, R and S. P, Q, R and S may be acid or alkali.
Solution Information pH value
P Ionised completely in water 2
Q Ionised partially in water 6
R Ionised completely in water 13
S Ionised partially in water 8
Table 5
(a) State the meaning of alkali.
................ [1M]
(b) Based on Table 5, state the
(i) strong alkali : .......
(ii) weak acid : ..... [2M]

Diagram 5.1 shows a bottle of powder malic acid
Diagram 5.1
Malic acid is a weak acid which is found naturally in green apples and in a wide
variety of unripe fruits. Describe a chemical test to prove that the malic acid is an acid.
................
................
................ [3M]
(d) Diagram 5.2 shows a volumetric flask containing 500 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium
hydroxide solution. This solution is known as a standard solution.
Diagram 5.2
43
(i) To prepare the standard solution in Diagram 5.2, a student added x g of solid sodium hydroxide
into a 500 cm3 volumetric flask. Then, distilled water is added until graduation M is reached.
Calculate the value of x. [Molar mass of sodium hydroxide, NaOH = 40]
[2M]
(ii) The standard solution in Diagram 5.2 is used to determine the concentration of a sample of
sulphuric acid by titration method. Diagram 5.3 shows the apparatus set-up used.
Diagram 5.3
Complete neutralisation of 50.0 cm of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution required
3
25.0 cm3 of the sulphuric acid. Calculate the concentration of the sulphuric acid in mol dm-3.
[3M]
44
Melaka 2016 Q5
Sulphuric acid is a strong acid. Table 5.1 shows two solutions of sulphuric acid, P and Q of different
concentrations.
Sulphuric acid solution Concentration (mol dm-3)
P 0.005
Q 0.05
Table 5.1
(a) State the meaning of strong acid.
.......................... [2M]
(b) Solutions P and Q have different pH values.
(i) Which solution gives a lower pH value?
................ [1M]
(ii) Give one reason for the answer in 5(b)(i).
................ [1M]
Diagram 5.1 shows the apparatus used in the titration process between an aqueous potassium hydroxide
solution and dilute sulphuric acid by using indicator A.
Diagram 5.1
(c) Name:
(i) Indicator A:
................ [1M]
(ii) the process occur in diagram 5.1.
................ [2M]
(iii) Based on answer in 5(c)(i), state the colour change of the solution in conical flask at the end
point.
................ [1M]
(d) (i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium hydroxide solution with
sulphuric acid.
................ [ 2M]
(ii) In this experiment, 10.00 cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid is needed to neutralise completely 25.0
cm3 of 1.0 mol dm -3 potassium hydroxide solution. Calculate the molarity of dilute sulphuric
acid.
[2M]
45
Pahang 2016 Q4
Diagram 4.1 shows the pH value of hydrochloric acid and acid X of the same molarity.
Diagram 4.1
(a) (i) Based on the information in Diagram 4.1, suggest acid X.
............... [1M]
(ii) Explain why the pH value of aqueous solution of acid X is higher than the pH value of
hydrochloric acid.
...............
............... [2M]
(iii) When water is added into beaker M, what happen to the pH value of the
hydrochloric acid? Give reason to your answer.
...............
............... [2M]
(b) Diagram 4.2 shows the steps involved in the preparation of a standard solution X.
(i) State the meaning of standard solution.
............... [1M]
(ii) The concentration of standard solution X produced is 1.0 mol dm-3. By using the standard
solution produced, Nazmi need to prepare solution X with a lower concentration.
Name the method used to prepare a solution with lower concentration.
............... [1M]
(iii) A volumetric flask is more suitable to be used to prepare standard solution rather than
a beaker. Why?
............... [1M]
(iv) Calculate the volume of 2.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, H2SO4 needed to prepare 100 cm3
of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, H2SO4.
[2M]
46
Perlis 2017 Q3
Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up for 3 types of solution with same concentration and its pH value.
Diagram 3
(a) Based on Diagram 3 identify which solution is strong acid and strong alkali.
Strong acid : .
Strong alkali : . [2M]

(b) Explain why solutions Y have higher pH value than solution X?
................
............................ [2M]
(c) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between solution X and solution Z.
................ [1M]
(d) Sally wants to prepare mango pickles. Based on the solution in Diagram 3, which is the most
suitable can be used to prepare mango pickles and explain why.
................
...........................
............................ [3M]
(e) Asmah is a laboratory assistant at SMK Bukit Radium. She was asked by Mrs Fauziah who is a
chemistry teacher at the school to prepare 500 cm3 of 0.1mol dm-3 solution Z by using 1.0 mol dm-3
solution Z. Calculate the volume of 1.0 mol dm-3 solution Z needed.
[2M]
47
MRSM 2016 Q3
Table 3 shows the information of two substances; E and F.
Substance E F
As food flavouring and preservative. As electrolyte in car battery.
Uses
Table 3
(a) (i) State the ion that causes the acidic properties of E and F.
................ [1M]
(ii) State one example for substance E and F?
E : ..............................................................................................
F : .............................................................................................. [2M]
(iii) At the same concentration, pH value of E is higher than F. Explain why?
................
................ [2M]
(iv) Describe a chemical test to verify substance F.
................
................ [2M]
(b) The chemical equation for the reaction between acid H2X and zinc carbonate powder is as follows:
H2X + ZnCO3 ZnX + CO2 + H2O
Acid H2X reacts with zinc carbonate to produce 448 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas at standard temperature
and pressure. Calculate the mass of zinc carbonate used in this reaction.
[Relative atomic mass; Zn = 65,C = 12,O = 16, Molar volume of gas = 22.4 dm3mol-1]
[3M]
48
................ [1M]
................ [2M]
................ [1M]
................ [1M]
................ [1M]
................ [1M]
................ [1M]
[2M]
49
MRSM 2017 Q3
(a) Diagram 3.1 shows the titration curve based on the reaction between sodium hydroxide, NaOH
solution and 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCI using phenolphthalein as the indicator
Diagram 3.1
(i) State the pH value at the end point of titration.
[1M]
(ii) Name the salt formed.
[1M]
(iii) Calculate the concentration of the sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution used to neutralize
20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl.
[3M]
-3
(iv) The titration is repeated by using 1.0 mol dm sulphuric acid, H2SO4 to replace
hydrochloric acid, HCl. Predict the volume of sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution needed.
Explain your answer.
[2M]
(b) Diagram 3.2 shows how the acidification of the ocean occurs.
Diagram 3.2
The high amount of carbonic acid, H2CO3 increases the acidity of water, causing the
water to be unsuitable to aquatic life.
50
(i) If the sea water above is transferred to an aquarium, suggest one suitable method to
increase its pH value.
[1M]
(ii) Give one reason for the answer in 3(b)(i).
[1M]
(iii) What is the relationship between the concentration of hydrogen ions, H+ and the pH
value?
[1M]
Penang 2016 Q8
(a) Table 8 shows the information of two types of acids.
Acid Concentration / mol dm-3 pH value
Acid A 0.5 1
Acid B 0.5 4
Table 8
Based on the information in Table 8,
(i) Name acid A and acid B
(ii) Explain why acid A and acid B with the same concentration have different pH values.
[5M]
(b) The following are two chemical substances. The reaction between hydrochloric acid with each
substance below can show the chemical properties of acid.
Magnesium
Calcium carbonate
Explain the chemical reactions of the acid and write the chemical equation for each reaction.
[6M]
(c) Diagram 8 show the set up of apparatus and the observations involved in Set I and Set II.
Set I Set II
Observation : Bulb lights up Observation : Bulb does not light up

Based on the information in Diagram 8
(i) Name an example of solvent X and solvent Y.
(ii) Explain why the bulb in Set I lights up while the bulb in Set II does not light up. [5M]
(d) Fertilisers are commonly used for growing crops. Mr Rosdi, a farmer has two types of fertilisers which
are ammonium suphate, (NH4)2SO4 and urea, CO(NH2)2.
(i) Name one element in the fertilisers above which is required for normal and healthy growth of
plants. [Relative atomic mass: N,14; C,12; H,1; O,16]
(ii) If you are Mr Rosdi, which fertiliser will you choose? Explain your answer. [4M]
51
SBP 2016 Q8
Diagram 8.1 shows an apparatus set-up to determine the end point of titration through electrical
conductivity method. 25 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 of alkali Y is neutralised by 1.0 mol dm-3 of acid X.
(a) A graph of electrical conductivity, ammeter reading (A) against the volume of acid X (cm3) is then
plotted. The end point of titration during neutralisation can be determined when the electrical
conductivity is at the lowest.
(i) State the name of an acid X and an alkali Y.

(ii) At the end point of titration, ammeter still gives the reading. Explain why. [4M]
(b) A student poured 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution in to conical flask that
contained 3.0 g of solid ammonium chloride. This reaction produced chloride salt, water and a
pungent colourless gas.
Based on the information,
(ii) Calculate the mass of excess ammonium chloride that is unreacted with sodium hydroxide
solution at the end of the reaction.
[RAM: N = 14, H = 1, Cl = 35.5, Na = 23, O = 16] [6M]
(c) Diagram 8.2 shows two sets of experiment for the reaction between two different acids with excess
calcium carbonate. The concentration and the volume of the acids used are same. The gas that
produced from the reaction is channelled into lime water.
Set Apparatus set-up Observation
I Less gas bubbles released.
Time taken for lime water turns chalky is longer.
II More gas bubbles released.

Time taken for lime water turns chalky is shorter.
Diagram 8.2
Based on information in Diagram 8.2,
(i) Suggest the name of acid P and acid Q.
(ii) The reaction between acid P with calcium carbonate and the reaction between acid Q with
calcium carbonate give different observations. Explain why. [10M]
52
53
Melaka 2016 Q10
Diagram 10.1shows the set-up of apparatus to prepare two solutions of hydrogen chloride in solvent X and
solvent Y.
Diagram 10.1
Table 10.1 shows the pH values of the two solutions of hydrogen chloride in solvent X and solvent Y.
Solution pH value
Hydrogen chloride in solvent X 7
Hydrogen chloride in solvent Y 1
(a) (i) Name a suitable substance that can be used as solvent X and solvent Y. [2M]
(ii) Describe a chemical test to differentiate the two solutions of hydrogen chloride in solvent X
and solvent Y. Explain your answer. [6M]
(b) (i) From table 10.1, choose suitable hydrogen chloride that can be used to prepare a soluble
zinc salt. Explain your answer. [2M]
(ii) By using hydrochloric acid and one suitable substance, describe an experiment to prepare dried
zinc chloride salt. [10M]
MRSM 2017 Q2
(b) Diagram 2.3 shows the reaction between zinc oxide and solution Q to produce zinc nitrate solution.
Diagram 2.3
(i) What is solution Q?
[1M]
(ii) Describe briefly how to obtain zinc nitrate crystal from its salt solution.
[2M]
54
Pahang 2016 Q5
Diagram 5 shows a flowchart for the formation of precipitate V and solution W.
(a) Identify precipitate V and solution W.
Precipitate V :
Solution W :.... [2M]

(b) (i) State the name of reaction M.
................ [1M]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for reaction M.
................ [2M]
(c) Calculate the mass of precipitate V formed in the reaction if 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 lead (II)
nitrate solution is used. [Relative atomic mass : Cl=35 ; Pb=207]
[2M]
(d) Describe briefly chemical test to verify the anion in solution W.
..........................
..........................
.......................... [3M]
(e) If sodium chloride solution is replaced with potassium chloride solution of the same volume and
concentration, predict the mass of the precipitate formed.
.......................... [1M]
55
Perlis 2017 Q6
Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set-up for the heating of copper(II) carbonate, CuCO3 powder.
Diagram 6
(a) State the changes of the lime water and name the gas released.
................................................................................................................................ [2M]
(b) State the colour of the residue after the heating process.
................................................................................................................................ [1M]
(c) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
................................................................................................................................ [1M]
(d) Calculate the volume of gas released when 12.4 g of copper(II) carbonate is heated during this
experiment. [RAM: Cu = 64; C = 12; O = 16; 1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room conditions]
[2M]
(e) (i) Copper(II) carbonate can be prepared through double decomposition reaction in the
laboratory. Suggest two chemical substances that can be used to prepare the salt.
................................................................................................................................ [2M]
(ii) Copper(II) carbonate produced at 6(e)(i) is added to sulphuric acid.
State two observations for the reaction.
..............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2M]
56
SBP 2017 Q4
Diagram 4 shows the decomposition of ammonium chloride fertiliser.
(a) Ammonium chloride is decomposed when it is heated strongly to produce substance X and
hydrogen chloride. Substance X changes the moist red litmus paper to blue.
(i) Identify the substance X.
[1M]
(ii) State one physical property of substance X.
[1M]
(b) Ammonium chloride is suitable as fertiliser. Give a reason.
[1M]
(c) (i) Name two solutions that can be used to produce ammonium chloride.
[2M]
(ii) Name the reaction that occurs in (c)(i)
[1M]
(d) (i) Write the formula of anion and cation present in ammonium chloride.
[2M]
(ii) Briefly describe how you can identify the cation present on ammonium chloride.
[2M]
57
58
SBP 2015 Q10
(a) Neutralisation reactions are used in various fields such as agriculture and industries.
Explain one use of neutralisation in each field. [4M]
(b) You are given a bottle containing a zinc chloride solution. Describe how you can
identify the cation and anion in the given salt solution by using the following reagent:
silver nitrate solution
ammonia solution
nitric acid [6M]
(c) Diagram 10 shows the preparation of zinc sulphate salt solution by added solid X into acid Y solution.
Diagram 10
Suggest a suitable solid X and acid Y solution.
Describe how you can prepare a dry zinc sulphate salt by using solid X and acid Y. [10M]
Melaka 2015 Q9
(b) nitric acid
zinc chloride solution
potassium carbonate solution
You are given the above solutions. By using suitable laboratory apparatus, describe how you can
prepare a sample of zinc nitrate cystals. In your description, include chemical equations that are
involved in the reaction. [10M]
(c) By using suitable reagents, describe how you can identify the cation and anion found in zinc nitrate
solution. [6M]
MRSM 2016 Q8
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a series of reaction starting from calcium carbonate, CaCO3.
Diagram
8.2
(i) Identify gas U. Describe a chemical test to verify gas U.
(ii) Describe a chemical test to determine the presence of anion in the solution S. [6M]
(c) Raju wants to prepare barium sulphate during his chemistry class.
(i) Suggest two aqueous solutions that he should use to prepare barium sulphate. [2M]
(ii) After the precipitate is formed, describe what Raju should do to get dry barium
sulphate. [2M]
59
Kedah 2017 Q9
(a) Diagram 9.1 shows a beaker contains a mixture of salts that is given to participants for a task during
Young Talented Scientist Competition in a Science Fair 2017.
Diagram 9.1
(i) You as a participant of the competition, describe briefly how to separate the salts. [4M]
(ii) If M is copper(II) ion ,compare and contrast both salts when decomposed by heat.
Write the chemical equation involved. [6M]
(b) Every participant of Young Talented Scientist competition is given a packet of solid salt Y.
The properties of salt Y is shown in Diagram 9.2.
Colourless solution formed when dissolves in water
No gas releases when heated strongly
A white precipitate formed when solution Y added with excess aqueous ammonia
Diagram 9.2
By using suitable chemicals, describe briefly how you identify the cation and anion present in salt
[10M]
Pahang 2015 Q8
(a) A student has carried out an experiment to construct an ionic equation for the formation of lead (II)
iodide.
Seven test tubes of the same size were labelled 1 to 7. A fixed volume of 5.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3
potassium iodide solution was poured in each test tube.
The volume of 1.0 mol dm-3 lead (II) nitrate solution that added is shown in Table 8.
The height of precipitate formed in each test tube was measured. The results are shown in Table 8.
Test tube 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Volume of 1.0 mol dm-3 lead(II) nitrate solution / cm3 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Height of precipitate /cm 1.1 2.2 3.4 4.4 5.5 5.5 5.5
Table 8
(i) Based on Table 8, plot a graph of the height of precipitate against volume of lead (II) nitrate
solution. [3M]
(ii) Determine the number of moles of lead (II) ions and iodide ions that are required for the
formation of lead (II) iodide. Your answer should consist of the following:
The volume of lead (II) nitrate solution that had reacted completely with 5.0 cm3 of 1.0
mol dm-3 potassium iodide.
Calculate the number of moles of lead(II) ions and iodide ions
Calculate the number of moles of iodide ions that has reacted with 1Mol of lead(II) ions.
Write the ionic equation for the formation of lead(II) iodide. [7M]
(b) Diagram 8 shows the reaction between oxide metal T which is black in colour with sulphuric acid to
form blue salt solution of compound W.
Salt solution W reacts with barium nitrate solution to form salt solution X and insoluble salt, Solid Y.
Diagram 8
Based on Diagram 8 :
(i) Identify oxide metal T, salt W, salt X and solid Y. [4M]
(ii) State one observation when salt solution W reacts with barium nitrate solution and name the type
of reaction occurred. [2M]
60
3 -3
(iii) Salt solution W reacts with 50 cm of 1.0 mol dm barium nitrate solution.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction and calculate the mass of solid Y produced.
[Relative formula mass of solid Y: 233] [4M]
Terengganu 2017 Q7
(a) Epsom salt is scientifically known as magnesium sulphate is used as a natural remedy to relieve
muscle pain. In laboratory, the salt can be made in a number of methods such as:
I. Adding a metal to an acid
II. Adding an oxide metal to an acid
For each of the method above, state the name of the substances needed to prepare magnesium
sulphate. [4M]
(b) Diagram 7.1 shows the conversion of salt X to solid Y and gas Z.
Salt X is a green solid which insoluble in water while solid Y produced is a black solid.
Diagram 7.1
(i) Based on Diagram 7.1, identify salt X, solid Y and gas Z.
Describe a chemical test for gas Z. [5M]
(ii) Diagram 7.2 shows the reaction between solid Y and nitric acid.
Diagram 7.2
Name the product formed from the reaction.
Describe briefly a chemical test to verify the anion and cation in solution formed. [6M]
(iii) If 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid reacts with excess solid Y, write the chemical
equation for the reaction and calculate the mass of the product formed.
[Molar mass of the product = 188 g mol-1] [5M]
Terengganu 2016 Q10

(a) Lead(II) nitrate is a soluble salt and lead(II) sulphate is an insoluble salt.
(i) State the method of preparation both of the salts.
(ii) State the reactants for the preparation of lead(II) sulphate. [4M]
(b) By using lead(II) oxide or lead(II) carbonate as a reactant, describe how a sample of lead(II) nitrate
crystals can be prepared in the laboratory.
In your description, include the chemical equation involved. [10M]
(c) Two reagent bottles contain colourless solutions. The labelled on the bottles are removed. Each bottle
contains whether sodium chloride solution or sodium sulphate solution.
Describe chemical tests that can be used to verify the solutions in each test tube. [6M]
61
Terengganu 2016 Q1
(a) Diagram 1 show stages of chemical reactions that involved in the Process Y in producing of
sulphuric acid.
(a) (i) State the name of process Y
................ [1M]
(ii) Complete the chemical equation for Stage 3 in the Diagram 1. [1M]
(b) (i) State one substance from Process Y that gives the effect to environment.
................ [1M]
(ii) Explain how the substance that you have stated in question (b) (i) can pollute the environment.
................
................ [2M]
(c) Fertilizer ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 can be produced from sulphuric acid.
(i) State the chemical formula of substance that added to sulphuric acid to produce ammonium
sulphate.
................ [1M]
(ii) Urea, (NH2)2CO and ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 are two types of fertilizer.
Calculate the percentage of nitrogen by mass in both fertilizers.
Then, which substance is a better fertilizer for the growth of plants.
[Relative atomic mass : H=1 ; C=12 ; N=14 ; O=16 ; S=32]
Better fertilizer :
................ [3M]
62
Penang 2016 Q1
Diagram 1 shows the production of compound M
(a) (i) Name process X.
................ [1M]
(ii) In process X, the catalyst and high temperature is used to increase the rate of reaction.
State the catalyst and the temperature used.
Catalyst : ..........................................
Temperature : .......................................... [2M]

(iii) In Process X, sulphur trioxide gas is not directly dissolved into water to form liquid sulphuric
acid. Explain why.
................
................ [2M]
(b) (i) What is the name of compound L that is produced through Haber process?
................ [1M]
(ii) Compound L is produced when nitrogen gas reacts with hydrogen gas.
What is the ratio of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas reacted?
................ [1M]
(c) (i) Sulphuric acid reacts with compound L to produce compound M. Name compound M.
................ [1M]
State one of the uses of compound M.
................ [1M]
63
Penang 2016 Q1
(a) Diagram 6.1 shows reaction to produce ammonia and ammonium sulphate.
Diagram 6.1
(i) Name process X and substance Y
Process X : .
Substance Y : . [2M]
(ii) Substance Y as shown in Diagram 6.1 is replaced with nitric acid.
Write the chemical formula of the fertilizer produced.
................ [1M]
(iii) Calculate the percentage of nitrogen in ammonium sulphate and fertilizer produced in (b)(ii).
Hence, determine which fertilizer can cause maximum growth to plant.
[Relative atomic mass: H=1; O=16; N=14; S=32]
[3M]
(c) Diagram 6.2 shows the structure of concrete used in construction sector.
(i) Named the composite material and give two reasons why it is used to make buildings.
................
................ [3M]
(ii) Name the type of glass that most suitable to make the window for this building. Explain why?
................
................ [2M]
64
MRSM 2016 Q2
Diagram 2.1 shows three examples of manufactured substances in industry
Diagram 2.1
(a) R is an example of alloy. What is the meaning of alloy?
................ [1M]
(b) Name the major component for the following substances:
Q : ..
R : .. [2M]
(c) Diagram 2.2 shows a part of the structure of P.
Diagram 2.2
(i) Draw the structural formula for monomer of P.
................ [1M]
(ii) Substance P is often used as a water pipe.
State one advantage of this type of pipe compared to iron pipe.
................ [1M]
Pahang 2016 Q7
(c) Diagram 7.4 shows how compound Z is produced.
Diagram 7.4
(i) Compound Z produced from Reaction X is used to manufacture fertiliser.
Identify compound Z and reaction X. [2M]
(ii) Calculate the mass of compound Z produced when an excess of ammonia gas is passed through 100
cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid. [Molar mass of compound Z = 132 g mol-1] [3M]
65
SBP 2017 Q2
Table 2.1 shows the information about two chairs, P and Q that are made up from two different substances.
Chair P Chair Q
Table 2.1
(a) (i) State the type of substance used in the making of chair:
P :
Q : [2M]
(ii) Draw the structural formula of the monomer of the substance present in the chair P.
[1M]
(iii) In your opinion, what are the advantages of chair Q compared to the chair made of iron?
[2M]
Perlis 2017 Q9
(a) --Most suitable fertilizer--
(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a National Monument made from alloy X.
Diagram 9.2
(i) State the elements present in alloy X. [2M]
(ii) Explain, in terms of arrangement of atoms, why alloy X is more suitable to make a
monument. [6M]
(c) Describe a laboratory experiment to show the properties of alloy X compared to its pure metal.
Show a labelled diagram in your explanation. [ 9M]
66
Melaka 2016 Q8
(a) Diagram 8.1 show ammonium sulphate formed from the reaction between substance X and ammonia.
Substance X is produced from Contact Process whereas ammonia from Process Z. Pollutant Y is the
by product in Contact Process.
Diagram 8.1
(i) State the name of substance X and pollutant Y. [2M]
(ii) State one use of ammonium sulphate.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction between substance X and ammonia to
produced ammonium sulphate. [3M]
(iii) Describe briefly Process Z in industry to produce ammonia. [4M]
(iv) State three effects of pollution caused by pollutant Y. [3M]
67
Pahang 2015 Q7
Diagram 7.1 shows the flow map for the industrial manufactured of sulphuric acid.
Diagram 7.1
(a) (i) Name the process of manufacturing sulphuric acid in industry and write a balanced
chemical equation for Step X and Step Y. [5M]
(ii) Excess gas that produced during the manufacture of sulphuric acid can cause environmental
pollution. Explain how. [2M]
(b) Diagram 7.2 shows the steps to produce fertilizers X from the reaction between sulphuric acid and the
product of Haber Process.
Diagram 7.2
(i) State the chemical formula of fertilizers X. [1M ]
(ii)
Diagram 7.3
A farmer found that the crops in his farm are infertile as shown in Diagram 7.3. His friend
suggested two fertilizers to improve the fertility of the soil, urea, CO(NH2)2 and fertilizers X.
Choose the best fertilizer for the growth of the plants. Explain your answer.
[Relative atomic mass: C=12, O=16, N=14, S=32, H=1] [4M]
(c) Table 7.1 shows five different manufactured substances in industry, P, Q, R, S and T and their uses.
Manufactured substances in industry Uses
P To make boats and badminton racket
Q To make medals and statues
R To make the body of aeroplanes
S To make kitchen ware and internal wall of furnace
T To make prism and lenses
Based on Table 7.1, state the names of P,Q,R,S and T [5M ]
(d) Polyethene is one of the polymer widely use in daily life.
State two properties and one use of polyethene in daily life. [3M]
68
MRSM 2016 Q5
An experiment is carried out to investigate the rate of reaction of magnesium with sulphuric acid. Excess
magnesium powder is added to 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid. Table 5.1 shows the volume of gas
collected at intervals of 30 seconds
Time /s 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
3
Volume of gas /cm 0.00 12.00 22.00 31.00 38.00 42.00 44.00 45.00 45.00
Table 5.1
(a) Name the gas released from the above reaction.
................ [1M]
(b) Based on Table 5.1, plot a graph of the volume of gas collected against time. [3M]
(c) Based on graph plotted in 5(b), calculate:
(i) the rate of reaction at 120 s.
[2M]
(ii) the overall rate of reaction.
[1M]
(d) Another experiment is carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of reaction. Diagram 5.2
shows the results of the experiment. Curve L represents the result of the experiment using excess
magnesium powder and 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid.
Diagram 5.2
(i) Suggest the factor that influence the rate of reaction to obtain the curve K.
................ [1M]
(ii) Rate of reaction of curve K is higher than L.
Explain your answer based on the Collision Theory.
................
................ [2M]
(iii) The final volume of gas obtained in curve M is half the final volume of gas obtained in
curve L. Give one reason for this.
................ [1M]
69
Melaka 2016 Q6
Table 6.1 shows the result of two experiments to investigate the rate of reaction between zinc powder and
two different acids.
Experiment Explanation Time taken for complete
reaction
3 -3
I Zinc powder + 100 cm of 0.5mol dm sulphuric acid 40 s
II Zinc powder + 100 cm3 of 0.5mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid 60 s
Table 6.1
(a) State a factor that can affect the rate of reaction in the experiment.
................ [1M ]
(b) Given that the chemical equation for Experiment 1 is as below:
Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + H2 (g) [1M ]
(i) Based on the given equation, state the observable changes to determine the rate of reaction?
................ [1M]
(ii) Draw the set up apparatus to determine the rate of reaction for the experiment above.
[2M]
(c) (i) Write the ionic equation for Experiment II
................ [1M ]
(ii) Calculate the maximum volume of gas released in Experiment II.
[Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3mol-1
[2M]
(d) (i) Diagram 6.2 shows the graph of volume of gas released against time for Experiment 1. Sketch
the curve for Experiment 2 in the same axis in Diagram 6.2.
(ii) Based on your answer in (d)(i), explain the difference of the rate of reaction
between Experiment 1 and Experiment II by using collision theory.
................
................
................ [3M]
70
Three experiments; I, II and III are carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of reaction.
Table 5 shows the reactants involved in the experiments.
Table 5
Diagram 5 shows the result of experiments I, II and III.
Diagram 5
(a) State one factor that affect the rate of reaction.
................ [1M]
(b) (i) Why the curve II is steeper than curve I?
................ [1M]
(ii) Suggest one way to obtain curve III from curve II other than by adding copper (II) sulphate in
Experiement III without changing the volume and concentration of sulphuric acid.
................
(c) Explain why the total volume of hydrogen gas released in Experiment II is doubled that of Experiment
I.
.................
................. [2M]
(d) Based on Experiment II,
(i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction occurred.
................ [1M]
(ii) Calculate the total volume of hydrogen gas released.
[Molar volume of gas at room conditions is 24 dm3mol-1]
[3M]
(e) If the change in mass of magnesium during the reaction is measured, plot the graph of mass of
magnesium against time obtained for Experiment I.
[2M]
71
Terengganu 2016 Q4
A student carried out two experiments to investigate the factor that affects the rate of reaction.
Table 4 shows the results of the experiments.
Experiment Diagram Volume of gas collected when
magnesium reacted completely /cm3
I
50
II
50
Table 4
(a) From this experiment, state the meaning of rate of reaction.
................ [1M]
(b) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
................ [2M]
(c) State the factor that affects the rate of reaction in this experiment.
................ [1M]
(d) (i) From the information in Table 4, calculate the average rate of reaction for
Experiment I and Experiment II.
[2M]
(ii) Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than Experiment I.
By referring to the Collision Theory, explain why there are differences in the rate of
reaction in both experiments.
................
................
................ [3M]
(e) Give one reason why the final volume of gas obtained in all experiments are the same.
................ [1M]
72
Kedah 2017 Q7
(a) Table 7 shows the data obtained in an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of
reaction when sodium thiosulphate solution reacted with an acid P. Sodium sulphate and three other
substances are produced during the reaction.
Experiment 1 2 3 4 5
o
The temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution/ C 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0
Time for X to disappear from sight/ s 80 45 30 21 17
Table 7
(i) Name acid P. Write an ionic equation for the reaction. What is meant by rate of reaction in this
reaction ? [4M]
(ii) Based on Table 7, plot a graph of temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution against
time. [3M]
(iii) Based on the graph obtained in (a)(ii) and using the collision theory, explain how the
temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affects the rate of reaction. [5M]
(b) Diagram 7 shows the equation for decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide by using manganese
(IV) oxide as catalyst.
2H2O2 2H2O + O2
Diagram 7
By using same axes, sketch an energy profile diagram to show
Activation energy without catalyst, Ea
Activation energy with catalyst, Ea
Hence, explain how catalyst affects the rate of reaction by using collision theory. [8M]
Pahang 2016 Q9
(a) A student carried out two sets of experiment to determine the factors that affect the rate of reaction
between marble chips and hydrochloric acid. Time taken to collect carbon dioxide gas in each
experiment is recorded in Table 9.
Experiment Reactants Temperature (C) Time (s)
3 -3
40 cm of 2.0 mol dm hydrochloric acid +
I 30 60
marble chips
40 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid +
II 50 20
marble chips
Table 9
Based on the information in Table 9,
(i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction and calculate the maximum volume of
carbon dioxide gas released.
[Molar volume of gas at room conditions is 24 dm3 mol-1] [5M]
(ii) By using the collision theory, compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I
and Experiment II. [4M]
(b) The addition of vanadium(V) oxide in Haber Process speed up the reaction
Using one suitable catalyst, describe an experiment to show how this factor affects the rate of reaction
between zinc metal and a named acid. Apart from temperature and catalyst, state one other
factor that will also affect the rate of reaction in this experiment [11M]
73
Melaka 2016 Q9
(a) Diagram 9.1 shows the time taken for meat to cook using different size of lamb meat
Diagram 9.1
Explain why different size of meat takes different times to cook? [2M]
(b) Two experiments are carried out to investigate the factor affecting the rate of reaction between
carbonate of P and an acid Q. Table 9.1 shows the reactants and the time taken to collect 30 cm3 of
carbon dioxide gas released.
Experiment Reactant Time taken (s)
I Carbonate of P powder in excess 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 acid Q 10
3 -3
II Carbonate of P granule in excess 50 cm of 1.0 mol dm acid Q 20
Table 9.1
(i) State one example which could be carbonate of P and one which could be acid Q.
By using the carbonate of P and acid Q, write the chemical equation for the reaction occurred.
[4M]
(ii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and Experiment II. [4M]
(c) When sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution reacts with sulphuric acid,H2SO4,
a precipitate is formed.
Based on the statement above, name the precipitate formed.
Describe a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction
between sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution and sulphuric acid, H2SO4.
Your answer must include the following:
List of materials
List of apparatus
Procedure of the experiment and result
Conclusion [10M]
Perlis 2016 Q10

Two experiments were carried out by a student to investigate the factors that affect the rate of reaction
between the metal X and Y acid.
Table 10 shows the reactants and the time taken to collect 30 cm3 of hydrogen gas released.
Experiment Reactants Time taken (s)
I Excess powdered metal X + 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 acid Y 10
3 -3
II Excess powdered metal X + 100 cm of 0.5Mol dm acid Y 20
Table 10
(a) Name one example of metal X and one example of acid Y. By using the metal X and acid Y,
write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction occurred. [4M]
(b) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and Experiment II. [2M]
(c) Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II. [4M]
(d) Describe an experiment how the factors size of reactant or temperature affecting the rate of reaction.
[10M]
74
Kedah 2016 Q8
A group of students carried out two sets of experiment to investigate the factor affecting the rate of reaction
between zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Table 8 shows the information about the reactants and the time taken to collect 50cm3 of hydrogen gas.
Set Reactants Time taken / s
3 -3
I Powdered zinc + 20 cm of 1.0 mol dm hydrochloric acid 20
II Powdered zinc + 50 cm3 of 0.4 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid powdered zinc 50
Table 8
(a) (i) Referring to experiment in Set I and II, state:
the meaning of rate of reaction
one factor that affects rate of reaction.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in Set I. [4M]
(ii) Calculate the average rate of reaction of Set I and Set II.
Based on your answer, compare the rate of reaction for both set by using collision theory.
[6M]
(b) Another experiment is carried out to study the factors of catalyst in the reaction of decomposition of
hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. The result of this experiment is shown in Diagram 8.
Diagram 8.
(i) Which set of experiment used catalyst? State the catalyst used. [2M]
(ii) The decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 release heat.
Draw an energy profile diagram for both reactions in A and B. Label Ea for the activation
energy with catalyst and Ea for the activation energy without a catalyst.
Based on collision theory, explain why rate of reaction increase with time? [8M]
75
N9 2015 Q9
(a) Hydrogen peroxide is unstable and decomposes to form water and oxygen gas with a H of -98.2 kJ
mol-1. The presence of catalyst will affect the rate of decomposition.
(i) State the name of the catalyst. [1M]
(ii) By using collision theory, explain how the catalyst affects the rate of decomposition. [3M]
(iii) Draw an energy profile diagram for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. On the
energy profile diagram show the following:
Heat of decomposition, H
Activation energy without a catalyst, Ea
Activation energy with a catalyst, Ea'
Reactant and products [5M]
(b) (i) Besides catalyst, temperature is another factor which will affect the rate of decomposition of
hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide stored in container may burst into flames under
prolonged exposure to fire or heat. Describe one experiment to show how temperature affects
the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by adding a suitable catalyst. [8M]
(ii) Suggest a proper way to store hydrogen peroxide in a laboratory.
SBP 2016 Q8
Two sets of experiments were conducted to study the factor affected the rate of reaction between metal Q
and nitric acid. Table 10.1 shows the reactants and condition in each set of experiment.
Set Reactants Condition of reaction
3 -3
I Excess metal Q powder and 25 cm of 0.5 mol dm nitric acid Room temperature
II Excess metal Q powder and 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid Room temperature
Table 10.1
(a) (i) Suggest a suitable metal Q. [1M]
(ii) Compare the rate of reaction between Set I and Set II.
By using the collision theory, explain your answers. [5M]
(iii) Describe an experiment to compare the rate of reaction in both Set I and Set II. In your
description include:
The procedure of the experiment.
A graph of the maximum volume of gas released against time obtained in both sets.
[10M]
(b) Diagram 10.1 shows a label of ingredients present in three different bottles of carbonated drinks, X, Y
and Z.
Ingredients:
Water, carbon dioxide, sugar and lemonade.
Diagram 10.1
5 g of egg shells powder is added into each carbonated drink which has the same volume.
Table 10.2 shows the time taken to dissolve all egg shells powder.
Label Time taken (s)
X 45.0
Y 30.0
Z 15.0
Table 10.2
(i) Based on Table 10.2, which of the carbonated drink is the unhealthiest to our stomach
if it is taken regularly? State your reason. [2M]
(ii) What are the side effects of drinking too much carbonated drink to our health? [2M]
76
Melaka 2015 Q8
An experiment is carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of reaction between hydrochloric
acid and marble chips. Time taken to collect 50 cm3 of gas in each experiment is recorded in Table 8.
Experiment Reactants Temperature Time
(C) (s)
I 40 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid + 5 g of marble chips 30 100
3 -3
II 40 cm of 0.2 mol dm hydrochloric acid + 5 g of marble chips 30 60
III 40 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid + 5 g of marble chips 40 25
Table 8
(a) What is meant by rate of reaction in this experiment? [1M]
(b) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and marble chips. [2M]
(c) Draw a labelled diagram for the set-up of apparatus in this experiment. [2M]
(d) Calculate the maximum volume of carbon dioxide gas released for Experiment I.
[1Mole of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room condition] [3M]
(e) Compare the rate of reaction for the following experiments.
Experiment I and Experiment II
Experiment II and Experiment III
By using the collision theory, explain the difference in the rate of reaction. [8M]
(f) Explain the application of the factors affecting the rate of reaction in the following cases:
(i) Time taken for smaller pieces of food to cook is shorter. [2M]
(ii) Food kept in a refrigerator stays fresh for a longer period. [2M]
Pahang 2015 Q9
Table 9 shows the experiments which are carried out to investigate factors that affect the rate of reaction of
zinc powder with acid X and acid Y.
Experiment Reactants Products
3 3
I 2 g zinc powder + 50.0 cm of 0.5 mol dm acid X Zinc chloride and gas Z
3 3
II 2 g zinc powder + 50.0 cm of 0.5 mol dm acid Y Zinc sulphate and gas Z
2 g zinc powder + 50.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm3 acid Y + 5 drops
III Zinc sulphate and gas Z
copper(II) sulphate solution.
Table 9
(a) (i) Name acid X, acid Y and gas Z.
Describe a chemical test to identify gaz Z. [5M]
(ii) Calculate the maximum volume of gas Z produced at room condition in experiment II.
[RAM: Zn, 65. volume of 1 mol of gas at room condition = 24 dm3] [3M]
(iii) Sketch a graph volume of gas Z against time for experiment I, II and III on the same
axes. [ 4M]
(iv) Compare the rate of reaction in experiment II and III. Explain your answer based on
collision theory. [ 5M]
(b)
Diagram 9
Diagram 9 shows a baker making his dough in order to make bread. The baker discovers that the
bread dough rises faster in a warm place than in a cool place. From the situation above, identify the
factor that affects the rate of rising of dough and explain how the factor affects the rate of rising of
the dough. [ 3M ]
77
SBP 2015 Q8
Three sets of experiments are carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of reaction. Table
8.1 shows the reactants used in the three sets of experiments.
Experiment Reactants
Set I Excess calcium carbonate 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
Set II Excess calcium carbonate 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid
Set III Excess calcium carbonate 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
Table 8.1
(a) Referring to the condition of the experiments in Set I, Set II and Set III, arrange the three sets of
experiments in descending order of the rate of reaction.
(b) A group of students carried out two sets of experiments to investigate the effects of temperature on the
rate of reaction. Diagram 8.2 shows the apparatus set-up for each experiment.
Diagram 8.2
(i) Copy and rewrite the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminium and
sulphuric acid that have been provided below.
.Al + .H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + .H2 [2M]
(ii) Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced at room condition when 100 cm3 of
0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid reacts completely with excess aluminium chips in this reaction.
[Molar gas volume at room condition = 24.0 dm3 mol-1] [2M]
(iii) Sketch the graph of the volume of hydrogen gas against time for both set of reaction
on the same axes. [2M]
(iv) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment A and experiment B.
Explain your answer based on collision theory. [6M]
(c) Anti-acids contain ingredients, such as aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. Anti-acids
can provide almost instant relief for indigestion. Usually we have to chew antacid tablets before
swallowing it. Explain why. [4M]
78
Kelantan 2017 Q10
(a) Pengetahuan tentang faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas adalah sangat berguna
dalam kehidupan manusia.
Nyatakan satu aktiviti dirumah dan terangkan bagaimana pengetahuan tentang faktor yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas digunakan dalam aktiviti yang telah dinyatakan. [2M]
(b) Rajah 10.1 ialah graf yang menunjukkan isipadu gas karbon dioksida melawan masa bagi tindak balas
asid sulfurik dengan marmar, CaCO3 berlebihan.
Eksperimen I menggunakan ketulan marmar, manakala eksperimen II menggunakan serbuk marmar.
Rajah 10.1
Tuliskan persamaan kimia antara marmar dengan asid sulfurik.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi eksperimen I dan II.
Terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen I dan eksperimen II.
Jelaskan jawapan anda berdasarkan teori pelanggaran. [8M]
(c) Rajah 10.2Menunjukkan penguraian molekul hidrogen peroksida, H2O2 menghasilkan oksigen dan air.
Rajah 10.2
Berdasarkan rajah 10.2, huraikan satu eksperimen bagaimana mangkin serbuk mangan(IV) oksida,
MnO2 mempengaruhi kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida.
Jawapan anda perlu mengandungi perkara perkara berikut :
Prosedur
Jadual keputusan
Lakaran graf yang menunjukkan kesan kehadiran mangkin dengan kadar tindak balas.
Kesimpulan [10M]
MRSM 2017 Q9
(a) A reaction between a metal and acid produces hydrogen gas. Addition of a catalyst can affect
the rate of the production of hydrogen gas.
(i) Suggest a metal and acid to produce hydrogen gas in laboratory. [2M]
(ii) Using collision theory explains the change in the rate of reaction that occurs with the
presence of a named catalyst. [3M]
(b) Dissolving a lump of sugar in water during preparation of tea at 60 takes a shorter time [3M]
compared to at room temperature. Explain the above statement.
(c) Diagram l0 shows substance M with different sizes.
Diagram 10
Based on Diagram 10, suggest substance M and describe an experiment to show how the
above factor affects the rate of reaction of substance M with acid. [10M]
79
SBP 2017 Q9
80
MRSM 2017 Q4
Diagram 4.1 shows a statement about ethene.
Ethene or also known as ethylene, C2H4 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon gas.
Ethylene is used as a plant hormone to control the ripening and colour development of fruit.
Diagram 4.1
(a) State the meaning of unsaturated hydrocarbon
. [1M]
(b) Ethene molecules can be bonded together to form a polymer that can be used to make a plastic bottle.
(i) Name the polymer formed.
[1M]
(ii) Draw the structural formula of the polymer
[1M]
(c) (i) Ethanol is made in industry by reacting ethene with steam.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
[2M]
(ii) The following chemical equation shows the combustion reaction of ethanol at room condition.
C2H5OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O
It 4.6 g of ethanol is used, calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas released.
[Molar volume of gas at room condition is 24 dm3 mol-1, relative atomic mass: H:1; C:l2]
[3M]
(iii) Diagram 4.2 shows five bottles of fragrance containing different percentage of ester that used
ethanol as solvent.
Diagram 4.2
The fragrance Eau Fraiche only can last less than2 hours. Give your reason.
[2M]
81
N9 2017 Q4
Diagram 4 shows the structural formula of compound X.
Diagram 4
Compound X is one of the components in petrol. The oxidation of X produces compound Y.
The following chemical equation shows the oxidation of X to produce compound Y.
(a) (i) State the suitable oxidising agent used in this reaction.
.............. [1M]
(ii) State the colour change for the reaction in 4(a)(i).
.............. [1M]
(iii) Draw the structural formula of compound Y.
[1M]
(b) Compound X has isomers.
(i) Draw the structural formula of one isomer of compound X.
[1M]
(ii) State the name of the isomer in 4(b)(i) according to IUPAC nomenclature.
.............. [1M]
(c) 10g of compound X burnt completely in excess oxygen.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for combustion of compound X.
.............. [2M]
(ii) Calculate the volume of oxygen gas used for complete combustion of compound X.
[Relative atomic mass: H=1, C=12 ; 1 mol of gas occupied 24 dm3 at room conditions]
[3M]
82
Terengganu 2016 Q3
Diagram 3 shows the structural formula of compound X.
(a) State the name of the element represented by the symbol C in Diagram 3.
............... [1M]
(b) State the meaning of empirical formula.
.................. [1M]
(c) (i) Write the molecular formula and the empirical formula of compound X.
Molecular formula : ...................
Empirical formula : ....................... [2M]

(ii) State one similarity and one difference between the molecular formula and the
empirical formula in (c) (i).
...............
............... [2M]
(d) (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between compound X and magnesium.
............... [2M]
(ii) Calculate the mass of magnesium reacts with 1 mol of compound X.
[Relative atomic mass of Mg = 24]
[2M]
83
Pahang 2016 Q6
Diagram 6 shows the flow chart for the conversion of carbon compound.
Diagram 6
Based on Diagram 6,
(a) (i) State the name of gas X.
................ [1M]
(ii) State the functional group of propanol
................ [1M]
(b) (i) Draw the structural formula for isomers of propanol.
[2M]
(ii) State the process at I
................ [1M]
(c) (i) What is the substance that needs to be added in process I to produce propanoic acid?
................ [1M]
(ii) State the name of compound R
................ [1M]
(d) Draw a labelled diagram how the dehydration reaction can be carried out in the laboratory.
[2M]
(e) Aliya mother sells pineapple cookies for last Eid. Aliya want to expand her mother business.
The problem faced by Aliya is the pineapple is not enough. Aliya thought of using pineapple
flavors to produce pineapple cookies. The chemical flavour formula for pineapple is
C3H7COOC2H5. Can you help Aliya to name two carbon compounds that can be used to
produce pineapple flavor?
.......................... [2M]
84
Penang 2016 Q5
Diagram 5.1 shows a preparation of ethanol and some of the reactions involving ethanol.
(a) Ethanol can be prepared from glucose in a laboratory through process 1. Name process 1.
................ [1M]
(b) Ethanol undergoes dehydration to produce gas X.
Name gas X and describe a chemical test to determine the presence of gas X.
................
................ [3M]
(c) Compound R is produced through oxidation of ethanol in the presence of acidified potassium
manganate (VII) solution
(i) Name compound R.
.............. [1M]
(ii) Draw the structural formula of compound R.
[1M]
(d) Diagram 5.2 shows the compound S prepared in the laboratory through the reaction between ethanol
and compound R.
Diagram 5.2
(i) Label water in as 'X' and water out as 'Y' in Diagram 5.2. [1M]
(ii) Compound S is the product of this experiment. Name the compound S?
.............. [1M]
85
(iii) Write a chemical equation for this reaction.
.............. [2M]
(iv) State one use of compound S in everyday life.
.............. [1M]
Kedah 2017 Q4
Diagram 4.1 shows a reaction to prepare ethyl propanoate using ethanol.
Diagram 4.1
(a) (i) State the type of reaction above.
................ [1M]
(ii) Name substance K.
................ [1M]
(iii) What is the function of concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4?
................ [1M]
(b) (i) State the functional group for ethyl propanoate
................ [1M]
(ii) Write a chemical equation for this reaction.
................ [2M]
(iii) Draw the structural formula of ethyl propanoate
[1M]
(c) Diagram 4.2 shows the examples of saturated and unsaturated fats.
Diagram 4.2
Palm oil (unsaturated fats) can be converted to margarine (saturated fat)
(i) State the name of process of preparing margarine from palm oil.
................ [1M]
(ii) Justify the intake of fatty food on our health.
................
................
................ [2M]
86
MRSM 2016 Q2
(d) Diagram 2.3 shows the conversion of glucose to another substance.
(i) name Reaction I.
.............. [1M]
(ii) state the homologous series for liquid H.
.............. [1M]
(iii) write the chemical equation in Reaction II.
.............. [1M]
(iv) state a substance that can be used to replace porous pot chips in Reaction II.
.............. [1M]
N9 2017 Q7
(a) Compound Q consists of 55.54% carbon, 9.09% hydrogen and the rest is oxygen by mass. The molar
mass of the compound is 88 g mol-1. [Relative atomic mass: H=1, C=12 and O=16]
Determine the empirical formula, molecular formula and the name of compound Q. [8M]
(b) Table 7 shows the characteristics of compound X, Y and Z.
Compound Properties
Consist of 3 carbon atoms
X Dissolve in water
Change blue litmus paper to red
Has the same number of carbon atoms as compound X
Y Miscible in water
Burnt in excess oxygen without soot produced.
Formed though the reaction between compounds X and Y.
Z Insoluble in water
Sweet smell
Table 7
(i) Based on information in Table 7,
State the homologous series and the functional group for each compound. [6M]
Write the chemical equation to shows the production of compound Z. [2M]
(ii) If you are supplied with compound X and Y that are not labelled, describe how you can
differentiate both compounds by using suitable reagent. [4M]
87
Kedah 2016 Q7
Diagram 7 shows the structural formulae of two hydrocarbons.
Diagram 7.1
(a) State the differences between hydrocarbon A and hydrocarbon B. [4M]
(b) The information below is about hydrocarbon Q.
The empirical formula is CH2
Mass of 1Mole of Q is 28 g
Dehydration process is used to produce hydrocarbon Q.
Determine the molecular formula for hydrocarbon Q.
State the name of homologous series for Q and explain your answer.
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of hydrocarbon Q with steam and name
the product formed.
[Relative atomic mass of C = 12 ; H = 1] [6M]
(c) Table 7 shows the observations of the reaction between compound L with magnesium, ethanol and
calcium carbonate respectively.
Compound L consists of two carbon atoms.
Experiment Reactants Observation
I Compound L and Effervescence occurs. Gas X produced, a pop sound
magnesium produced when gas tested with a burning splinter.
II Compound L and ethanol Produced compound K with fruity smell.
with a catalyst
III Compound L and calcium Effervescence occurs.
carbonate Gas Y produced, turns lime water chalky.
Table 7
Based on Table 7,
State the molecular formula for compound L and its functional group.
Name compound L then identify gas X, compound K and gas Y
Based on experiment II, State type of reaction occurred, write the chemical equation and name the
catalyst used.
[10M]
Melaka 2016 Q7
(a) Fermentation is a metabolic process performed by almost all types of bacteria. Humans have used
fermentation to produce food and beverages since the Neolithic age. For example, fermentation is
used for preservation in a process that produces lactic acid as found in such sour foods as pickled
cucumbers, kimchi and yogurt as well as for producing alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer.
(i) State the name of the alcohol produce during fermentation of glucose and give three
physical properties of the alcohol. [4M]
(ii) Alcohol reacts with carboxylic acid to produce a fragrant smell substance known as ester. By
using the named alcohol as your answer in (a)(i) and propanoic acid as reactants,
State the name of the reaction
Write a chemical equation for the reaction.
State the name of the ester produced. Draw the structural formula of the ester produced
Write the general formula for the homologous series of ester [6M]
88
Pahang 2016 Q7
(a) Diagram 7.1 shows a few types of materials made up of polymers.
Diagram 7.1
(i) Classify the polymers shown in Diagram 7.1 into natural polymers and synthetic
polymers. [4M]
(ii) Draw and state the name for monomer of rubber. [2M]
(b) Latex can be extracted from rubber tree for the uses in various rubber productions.
Diagram 7.2
(i) Diagram 7.2 shows the latex become soft solid after a rubber tapper left the
liquid latex in the cup for a few days. Explain why this situation occurs. [4M]
(ii) Diagram 7.3 shows the effect of ethanoic acid and ammonia solution on the coagulation of
latex.
Explain why there is a difference in the observation. [5M]
89
90
Terengganu 2016 Q9
(a) Diagram 9.1 shows a structural formula of butane.
Diagram 9.1
Draw structural formulae for another two isomers of butene and name each isomer
according to the IUPAC nomenclature. [4M]
(b) Diagram 9.2 shows the conversions of several organic compounds.
(i) State the name of the Reaction I, Reaction II and Reaction III. What is compound X?
State the homologous series and molecular formula of compound X. [6M]
(ii) Describe an experiment to prepare ethyl ethanoate in laboratory through
Reaction III. In your description, include the chemical equation for the reaction.
Draw an apparatus set-up for reaction II. Describe a chemical test to verify that the gas
collected is ethene. [10M]
Perlis 2017 Q10

(a) Diagram 10.1 shows the conversion of compound R to compound P, Q, and S.
Diagram 10.1
(i) Identify the homologous series for compound P,Q, R and S and state the name of
reaction I, II and III. [7M]
(ii) Draw and name one of the isomer of P compound. [2M]
(iii) Describe a chemical test to differentiate between compound R and S. [3M]
(b) Diagram 10.2 shows a structural formula of ester X that contain in banana fruit.
Diagram 10.2
Ester X contained naturally in bananas. Ester X can also be prepared in the laboratory.
Suggest an alcohol and carboxylic acid that can be used to prepare esters X.
Describe how the ester X can be prepared in the laboratory, also include observation and
chemical equations involved. [8M]
91
SBP 2017 Q8
92
Terengganu 2017 Q8
(a) Table 8 shows esters and their flavours.
Ester Flavour
Ethyl butanoate Pineapple
Methyl propanoate Apple
Pentyl butanoate Banana
Table 8
Ahmad wants to produce ester in a laboratory that has a pineapple flavour.
State the alcohol and the carboxylic acid to be used for preparing the ester.
Write the chemical equation to prepare the ester.
Calculate the mass of the alcohol will be used to get 1.16 g of the ester.
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16] [6M]
(b) Diagram 8 shows how the compound X and the alcohol Y formed from the compound W and structural
formula, melting and boiling point and electrical conductivity of compound W and compound X.
Diagram 8
(i) Compare and contrast between compound W and compound X in terms of
Type of hydrocarbon
Physical properties
Reaction with bromine water
Sootiness of flame when burning
Explain each of your comparisons. [8M]
(ii) Draw the structural formula of alcohol Y and name the alcohol.
State the optimum condition for producing of alcohol Y from compound W.
Write the chemical equation involved. [6M]
93
MRSM 2016 Q6
Diagram 6.1 shows a match head has been struck.
Diagram 6.1
The chemical equation for the reaction is as follow: 3P4 + 10 KClO3 3 P4O10 + 10 KCl
(a) (i) Determine the oxidation number of chlorine, Cl in KClO3.
................ [1M]
(ii) State the substance that undergoes oxidation.
................ [1M]
(iii) Explain the answer in (a)(ii) in terms of the change in the oxidation number.
................ [1M]
(b)
Diagram 6.2
(i) State the colour of copper(II) sulphate solution in test tube I.
................ [1M]
(ii) Based on Diagram 6.2, explain the change in colour of copper(II) sulphate solution.
................
................ [2M]
(iii) Suggest a suitable metal G. Write the ionic equation for the reaction in Diagram 6.2.
................ [2M]
(c) Diagram 6.3 shows zinc plate attached to the hull of the ship to prevent rusting.
Diagram 6.3
(i) Explain how zinc plate protects the ships hull from rusting.
................
................ [2M]
(ii) Write the half equation for the reaction in 6 (c)(i).
................ [1M]
94
Terengganu 2016 Q6
(a) Table 6.1 shows the set-up of apparatus and observation for two experiments, I and II.
Experiment I II
Test tube
Brown solid formed.

Observation No change.
Blue solution becomes paler.
Table 6.1
Based on Table 6.1,
(i) State the name of the brown solid formed.
................ [1M]
(ii) Give a reason for the observation on the solution in Experiment I.
................ [1M]
(iii) The reaction is a redox reaction. Explain in term of change in oxidation
number.
................
................ [2M]
(iv) Write the chemical equation for the reaction occurred.
................ [1M]
(v) Explain the observation in Experiment II
................
................ [2M]
(b) Iron is a metal that rusts easily.
(i) State the conditions for the rusting of iron
................ [1M]
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram to show how the conditions for the rusting of iron
involve the ionization of iron and the flow of electron.
[3M]
95
Penang 2016 Q6
Diagram 6 shows an experiment that involves the transfer of electrons through a distance. The reactions that
occur is a redox reaction.
(a) What is a redox reaction?
................ [1M]
(b) (i)
Write the half equation for the reaction occurred at electrode P and Q.
Electrode P :
Electrode Q : [2M]
(ii) Write a complete ionic equation for the reaction occurred in this experiment.
................ [1M]
(c) Show the direction of electron flow in Diagram 6 by using an arrow. [1M]
(d) State the observation at:
Electrode P :
Electrode Q : [2M]
(e) Identify the reducing agent.
................ [1M]
(f) Suggest a chemical test to identify the product formed at electrode Q
................
................ [2M]
(g) Suggest another substance that can be used to replace the oxidising agent in Diagram 6.
................ [1M]
96
SBP 2017 Q5
A group of students conduct an experiment to investigate the transfer of electrons at a distance in a redox
reaction between iron (II) sulphate solution and acidifed potassium dichromate (VI) solution. The ionic
equation below represents the reaction occurs.
6Fe2+ (aq) + Cr2O7 (aq) + 14H+ 6Fe3+ (aq) + 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)
(a) Based on the ionic equation:
(i) State the colour change of iron (II) sulphate solution.
[1M]
(ii) State the process occurs in (a)(i)
[1M]
(b) Calculate the oxidation number of chromium in dichromate (VI) ion.
[2M]
(c) (i) State the reducing agent in the reaction.
[1M]
(ii) Explain your answer based on transferring of electrons.
[2M]
(d) (i) Table 5 shows a list of apparatus and materials.
Apparatus and materials
U-tube Iron (II) sulphate
Galvanometer Acidified potassium dichromate
Connecting wire (VI) solution
Carbon electrodes Dilute sulphuric acid
Table 5
Draw a labelled diagram to show the apparatus set-up to investigate the transfer of electrons at a
distance. The diagram must include the apparatus materials given in Table 5.
[2M]
(ii) The students replace dilute sulphuric acid with sodium carbonate solution. Galvanometer
needle does not show deflection. Explain why?
[2M]
97
Diagram 10
98
SBP 2015 Q9
(a) Diagram 9.1 shows the displacement reaction and its observation. Metal M powder is added to silver
nitrate solution in a beaker.
Based on Diagram 9.1, state the identity of metal M.

Write the half-equations to represent the oxidation and reduction.
State the change in the oxidation number for silver. [4M]
(b) Diagram 9.2 shows an apparatus set-up for an experiment to investigate a redox reaction.
Diagram 9.2
Describe the oxidation and reduction that occurs in Diagram 9.2.
Your answer must include:
role of each reactant
the transfer of electron of each reactant
the colour changes that can be observed after 15Minutes. [6M]
(c) You are required to determine the position of carbon in the Reactivity Series of Metals towards
oxygen by using all the chemicals in the box below.
Carbon powder
Magnesium oxide powder
Copper(II) oxide powder
Your answer must include the following:
The procedure of the experiment
The observation
Explanation on how to determine the position of carbon in the reactivity series.
Arrangement of carbon, magnesium and copper in ascending order of reactivity towards oxygen.
[10M]
99
Kedah 2017 Q10
(a) Diagram 10 shows the apparatus set up to investigate the reaction between iron (II) sulphate and
halogen X through the transfer of electron at a distance.
Diagram 10
By referring to Diagram 10, name the halogen X and explain the redox reaction based on the:
role of each substance in term of change of the oxidation number
half equation at each electrode
overall ionic equation for the reaction [10M]
(b) Table 10 shows the observations of an experiment that carried out to determine the order of metal
copper, metal M and metal Z in the Reactivity Series of metal towards oxygen.
Metal Observation
Copper Glows faintly
Black residue formed
M Burnt brightly
White residue formed
N Glows brightly
Yellow residue when hot and white residue when cold formed
Table 10
Based on the observations in Table 10, identify metal M and metal N. Arrange the metal copper, metal
M and metal N in descending order based on their reactivity. Hence, describe how to conduct
the experiment in the laboratory using solid potassium manganite (VII). [10M]
100
Pahang 2016 Q10
(a) Diagram 10 shows a conversation between two housewives.
My roof is zinc roof which is Why my roof rust? I

made of iron metal coated see the roof of your
with zinc metal. Your roof is house does not rust
iron roof which is made of
iron metal. Thats why your
roof is easy to rust
Diagram 10
Based on the dialogue in Diagram 10, explain why the roof of Maimuns house does
not rust. [ 4M]
(b) Metal displacement is a redox reaction
Based on the above statement, by using a suitable example of chemical equation,
explain redox reaction in terms of change in oxidation number.. [ 6M]
(c) Table 10 shows a list of apparatus and materials.
Apparatus and Materials
U-tube Test tube
Carbon electrodes Iron(II) sulphate solution
Connecting wires Solution Y
Galvanometer Dilute sulfuric acid
Based on list of apparatus and materials in table 10, suggest a suitable solution for solution Y and
describe an experiment to studied the redox reactions in terms of the transfer of electrons at a
distance. Your explanation should include the following:
A label diagram showing the apparatus set-up
Observation at cathode
The direction of flow of electron [10M]
101
Perlis 2017 Q8
(a) The following are the formulae of two compounds.
Al2O3 Fe2O3
(i) Based on the two formulae, state the oxidation number for aluminium and iron. [2M]
(ii) Name both the compounds based on the IUPAC nomenclature system. [2M]
(iii) Explain the difference between the names of the two compounds based on the
IUPAC nomenclature system. [3M]
(b) Table 8 shows the observation of reactions occurs in three different situations.
Reaction Observation
Experiment I Green solution change to brown.
purple solution change to colourless
Needle of galvanometer deflect
Experiment II Green solution change to colourless.

Magnesium dissolves
Experiment III Ferum becomes thinner

Blue spot formed
Table 8
Based on the observation in Table 8,
(i) State the role of ferum(II) sulphate solution in Experiment I and Experiment II. [2M]
(ii) Write the half equations of oxidation and reduction in Experiment II or Experiment III. [2M]
(c) Explain the differences in the observation for Experiment I, II and III based on Redox eaction. [9M]
102
Perlis 2017 Q1
Diagram 1 shows an experiment conducted to determine the heat of displacement for reaction between
copper (II) nitrate solution and iron powder. 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 copper (II) nitrate solution is poured
into a plastic cup and the initial temperature is recorded. The excess iron powder is added to the same
polystyrene cup. The mixture is stirred slowly and the highest temperature is recorded.
Initial temperature = 29.0 oC Highest temperature mixture = 33.0 oC

Diagram 1
(a) What is the meaning of heat of displacement of the experiment?
................ [1M]
(b) Why does iron in the form of powder is used in this experiment?
................ [1M]
(c) Why plastic cup is used in this experiment?
................ [1M]
(d) State one observation in this experiment.
................ [1M]
(e) Complete the following ionic equation for the reaction in this experiment.
Fe + Cu2+ [1M]
(f) Based on the experiment, calculate: [Specific heat of the solution: 4.2 J g-1 oC-1]
(i) total of the heat released
[1M]
(ii) number of mole of copper (II) nitrate that has reacted.
[1M]
(iii) heat of displacement in this reaction.
[2M]
103
Diagram 4 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to determine the heat of displacement.
Based on the experiment,

(a) State the meaning of heat of displacement.
................ [1M]
(b) Give one reason why polystyrene cup is used in the experiment.
................ [1M]
(c) The thermochemical equation below represents the displacement reaction.
Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu H= -210 kJ mol-1
Calculate
(i) The number of moles of copper (II) ion
[1M]
(ii) The heat released during the reaction.
[2M]
(iii) The change of temperature during the reaction.
[Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2 Jg-1oC-1 , Density of solution = 1g cm-3]
[1M]
(d) The experiment is repeated using magnesium powder to replace zinc powder. The volume and
concentration of copper (II) sulphate used is remained the same.
(i) Predict the heat of displacement for the reaction.
................ [1M]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in 4 (d)(i)
................ [1M]
(e) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction.
[2M]
104
SBP 2017 Q6
Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to determine the heat of displacement of copper.
Diagram 6
Table 6 shows the temperature recorded in the experiment.
Description Temperature ( )
Initial temperature of copper (II) sulphate solution 31.0
Highest temperature of the mixture 36.0
Table 6
(a) Why polystyrene cup is used in the experiment?
[1M]
(b) State one observation in the experiment besides the temperature change.
[1M]
(c) Calculate the heat of displacement of copper by zinc. [Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2
Jg-1oC-1 , Density of solution = 1g cm-3, Relative atomic mass: Zn = 65]
[3M]
(d) Compare the total energy absorbed to break the bonds in the reactants and the total energy
released during formation of bonds in the products during reaction.
[1M]
(e) A student conducts the experiment above using two different size of polystyrene cups, P and Q.
He wants to reduce the heat loss to the surrounding during the experiment.
[1M]
(i) Which polystyrene cup should the student choose?
[2M]
(ii) Explain Why?
[2M]
(f) If the student wants to obtain the higher heat of displacement of copper, state one metal that can
be used to replace zinc. Explain your answer.
[2M]
105
Kedah 2017 Q2
Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set up to determine the heat of neutralization in an experiment. Sodium
chloride solution and water produced when 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 acid X reacts with 25.0 cm3 of 1.0
mol dm-3 alkali Y.
Beginning of experiment
Initial temperature = 30 C Initial temperature = 30 C

At the end of experiment
Maximum temperature = 36 C
Diagram 3
(a) State the meaning of heat of neutralization.
................ [1M]
(b) Name the acid X and alkali Y involved in this reaction.
Acid X : ..............................................................................................................
Alkali : .............................................................................................................. [2M]

(c) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between acid X and alkali Y
................ [1M]
(d) Based on the data obtained from the experiment, calculate:
(i) number of moles of acid X used.
[1M]
(ii) heat change in the experiment.
[1M]
(iii) heat of neutralization.
[1M]
(e) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction.
[2M]
(f) Predict the value of the heat of neutralisation if acid X is replaced with ethanoic acid when
reacts with alkali Y
................ [1M]
106
MRSM 2017 Q6
Article below describe the hydrogen powered tram in China.
HYDROGEN POWERED TRANI DEVELOPED IN CHINA
In an effort to reduce China's harmful and plentiful greenhouse gas emissions, Chinese company SIFANG
has developed the world's first hydrogen powered tram. The train will be powered entirely by hydrogen
fuel cells. When 1 mole of hydrogen is burnt, the energy change, A11is -282k1. The top speed will only
be 70 kilometers per hour and it will be used in urban areas only. It is designed to carry 380 passengers.
(a) Based on the article,
(i) Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Explain your answer.
[2M]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the combustion of hydrogen.
[2M]
(iii) Draw the energy level diagram for the combustion of hydrogen.
[2M]
(b) In an experiment, 50 g of liquid hydrogen is burnt in excess oxygen. [Relative atomic mass: H:1]
Calculate:
(i) The number of mole of hydrogen used.
[2M]
(ii) The amount of energy released when 50 g of hydrogen is burnt.
[2M]
(c) Hydrogen is considered as a clean fuel. Justify one advantage of hydrogen over fossil fuels.
.....
. [2M]
107
MRSM 2016 Q10
(a) Table 10 shows the value for the heat of combustion of three types of alcohol.
Alcohol Heat of combustion (kJ mol-1)
Ethanol -1376
Propanol -2016
Butanol -2678
Table 10
(i) 3.7 g of butanol is used to heat 500 cm3 of water. The temperature of water rises from 28.0 oC
to 88.0 oC. Calculate the heat of combustion for butanol.
[Relative atomic mass ; H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Specific heat capacity of water 4.2 Jg-1 oC-1]
[5M]
(ii) The value for the heat of combustion obtained in (a)(i) is less than the theoretical value
given in Table 10. Explain why the difference occurs. [2M]
(iii) Based on Table 10, identify which alcohol has isomers.
Draw the structural formula and name one of the isomers. [3M]
(b)
Diagram 10
Danish wants to determine the heat of displacement of metal V in his chemistry class using the
apparatus set up as in Diagram 10.
By using a named metal V, describe how Danish carry out the experiment.
Your description should include the following aspects:
Calculation to determine the heat of displacement [10M]
Melaka 2016 Q7
(b) Diagram 7.1 shows the thermochemical equation for the precipitation reaction between 20 cm3 0.5
mol dm-3 potassium chloride solution and 20 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution.
KCl + AgNO3 AgCl + KNO3 , H = - 65.5 kJ mol-1
Diagram 7.1
(i) State the meaning of Heat of Precipitation for this reaction. [1M]
(ii) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction [2M]
(iii) Calculate the change in temperature for this precipitation reaction.
State the temperature change for the reaction if sodium chloride solution is used to replace
potassium chloride solution while other conditions remain the same.
Give your reason. [7M]
108
Pahang 2016 Q8
(a) Table 8 shows the heat of neutralisation of two different acids with sodium hydroxide solution.
Experiment Reactants Heat of neutralisation (kJmol-1)
3 -3
50 cm of 1.0 mol dm sodium hydroxide solution
I -57.0
+ 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution
II + 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid -55.0
Table 8
(i) State the meaning of heat of neutralisation in the experiment. [1M]
(ii) Write the thermochemical equation for the reaction in Experiment I. [2M]
(iii) Explain why there is a difference in the values of the heat of neutralisation in
Experiment I and Experiment II. [4M]
(b) (i) In another experiment, 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid is added to 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3
ammonia solution in a plastic cup. The temperature increases from 29.0 to 35.5 C.
[Specific heat capacity of solution: 4.2 Jg-1 C-1. Density of solution: 1 g cm-3] [1M]
(ii) Calculate the heat of neutralisation. [5M]
(iii) If the hydrochloric acid is replaced by nitric acid, predict the value of heat of
neutralisation. Explain your answer. [2M]
(c) Diagram 8 shows the energy level diagram for the neutralisation reaction between sodium hydroxide
and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Diagram 8
Based on Diagram 8, describe the energy level diagram for the neutralisation reaction. [ 5M]
109
Terengganu 2016 Q8
(a) An experiment is carried out to determine the heat of displacement of copper by zinc.
Diagram 8.1 shows the energy level for reaction between zinc and copper(II) sulphate solution.
Diagram 8
(i) State two observations in the experiment. [2M]
(ii) Write two statements that can be concluded from Diagram 8.1. [2M]
3 -3
(iii) In another reaction; excessive magnesium is added to 200 cm of 0.2Mol dm copper(II)
sulphate solution. The temperature of the mixture increased by 15.5 oC. Write the chemical
equation involves and calculate the heat of displacement of copper by magnesium. [7M]
(b) Table 8.2 shows the heat released when 1Mol of three different acids; P, Q and R reacted with sodium
hydroxide solution.
Experiment Reaction Heat of neutralisation (kJ mol-1)
I Acid P and sodium hydroxide solution - 57
II Acid Q and sodium hydroxide solution - 54
III Sulphuric acid and alkali R - 52
Table 8.2
(i) Based on Table 8.2, suggest one example acid P, Q and alkali R. Explain why there is a
difference in the value of the heat release in Experiment I and II. [7M]
(ii) The following thermochemical equation represents the reaction between
sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide solution;
2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O ; H = - 114 kJ
Heat of neutralisation for the reaction is - 57 kJ mol-1 but not - 114 kJ mol-1.
Explain why. [2M]
110
Melaka 2015 Q10
(a) What is meant by exothermic and endothermic reaction? Explain the changes in the energy content
of the reactants and products for both the reactions. [4M]
(b) Diagram 10 shows an energy level diagram for a chemical reaction.
Diagram 10
State four information that can be obtained from the energy level diagram. [4M]
Penang 2016 Q10

(a) Table 10.1 shows the fuel values of various fuels.
Fuel Fuel value (kJg-1)
Ethanol 30
Petrol 34
Natural gas 50
Hydrogen gas 143
Table 10.1
(i) Based on Table 10.1 choose one fuel that is suitable to replace petrol in vehicles.
Compare the fuel that you have chosen with petrol in terms of impact to the
environment. [5M]
(ii) Suggest one way how you can save the consumption of electrical energy in your daily life.
[1M]
Table 10.2 shows the molecular formulae and the heat of combustion for methanol and
ethanol.
Molecular
Alcohol Heat of combustion (kJmol-1)
formula
Methanol CH3OH -X
Ethanol C2H5OH -Y
Table 10.2
(b) (i) Which alcohol in Table 10.2 has a higher heat of combustion? [1M]
(ii) Based on information in Table 10.2 , explain why there is a difference in the values of
heat of combustion between methanol and ethanol [3M]
(c) Describe a laboratory experiment to determine the heat of combustion of an alcohol that has less than
four carbon atoms per molecule. Your description should include:
List of materials and apparatus
Procedure
The method to calculate heat of combustion [10M]
111
Kedah 2016 Q10
(a)
[4M]
(b)
Table 10
(i)
(ii) [6M]
(c)
[10M]
Kedah 2016 Q10

(a) The thermochemical equation below shows the formation of lead(II) sulphate.
Pb 2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) PbSO4, H = - 50 kJmol-1
Draw an energy level diagram for the above equation.
Explain the differences in energy content of the reactants compared to the product. [4M]
(b) Table 10 shows the thermochemical equations of neutralization reactions of three
experiments.
Experiment I :
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O, H = - 57 kJmol-1
Experiment II
NaOH + CH3COOH CH3COONa + H2O, H = -54 kJmol-1
Experiment III
NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O, H = - 57 kJmol-1
Table 10
Compare heat of neutralisation between;
(i) Experiment I and Experiment II
(ii) Experiment I and Experiment III [6M]
(c) Describe a laboratory experiment to determine the heat of displacement of
metal by a more electropositive metal. In your description, include the
following aspects:
Materials and apparatus needed
A table to collect data
Calculation [10M]
112
Perlis 2016 Q7
Table 7.1 shows thermochemical equation for two sets of experiments.
Set Themochemical equation
I HCl + KOH KCl + H2O H = -57kJ mol-1
II NH4NO3+ H2O NH4+ + NO3- H = +57kJ mol-1
Table 7.1
(a) (i) Determine the type of reaction for Set 1 and Set II. Explain why? [4M]
(ii) Construct energy level diagram for Set II.
Give three statements to interprete the energy level diagrams. [6M]
(b) Diagram 7 shows the set-up of the apparatus used to carry out an experiment to
determine the heat of combustion for a liquid hydrocarbon, X.
(i) State two errors in the above set-up. [2M]

(ii) Calculate the heat released when the temperature of the water increases by 30 C.
[Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g-1 C -1, density of water = 1 g cm-3] [2M]
(iii) 1.72g of X was burnt to raise the temperature of the water by 30 C. Calculate the heat
of combustion for X. [Molar mass of X = 86 gmol-1] [3M]
Table 7.2 shows the relative molecular mass and heat of combustion of two alcohols.
Alcohol Relative molecular mass Heat of combustion /kJ mol-1
Ethanol 46 1376
Butan-1-ol 74 2675
Table 7.2
Calculate the fuel value (kJ/g) for the two alcohols. Based on your answer, state which
fuel is more efficient. [3M]
Pahang 2015 Q10

Respiration Process Respiration Process
Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2

Diagram 10.1 shows the respiration process. Cellular Diagram 10.2 shows the photosynthesis process. In
respiration is the set of metabolic reactions and plants, photosynthesis occurs mainly within the
processes that take place in the cells of organisms to leaves. Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide,
convert biochemical energy from nutrients into water, and sunlight. All of these substances must be
adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release obtained by or transported to the leaves to produce
waste products. The chemical equation may be glucose and release oxygen gas. The chemical
simplified as: equation may be simplified as:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6H2O + 6CO2+ energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2
H = - x kJmol-1 H = + x kJmol-1
113
(a) Based on Diagram 10.1 and 10.2, compare and contrast both processes above.
Your explanation should include the following :
types of chemical reactions
energy content of reactants and products
draw the energy level diagrams [8M]
Diagram 10.3
3 -3
(b) Excess metal X powder is added to 50 cm of 0.1 mol dm copper (II) sulphate solution produce 210
kJmol-1 heat energy. Based on diagram 10.3, suggest metal X. Calculate the change in temperature of
the solution. [Given that Specific heat capacity of solution : 4.2 J g -1oC-1]
[4M]
2+ 2-
(c) W (aq) + SO4 (aq) WSO4 (s)
Based on ionic equation above, describe a laboratory experiment to determine the heat of
precipitation of solid WSO4. In your description, include the following aspects :
Materials needed
A table to collect data [8M ]
SBP 2016 Q9
(a) The thermochemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol is shown below:
C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l); H = -1376 kJmol-1
Calculate the mass of ethanol needed to burn completely in excess oxygen in order to raise the
temperature of 200 cm3 of water by 50oC. Assume that there is no heat lost to the surrounding.
[Specific heat capacity of water= 4.2 Jg-1oC-1; density of water= 1 g cm-3; Molar mass of
ethanol = 46 g mol-1] [4M]
(b) Diagram 9 shows two experiments carried out by a student to study the heat change in chemical
reactions.
Diagram 9
(i) Compare Experiment I and Experiment II. In your answer, include:
Type of reaction based on the heat change
Total energy contents of the products and the reactants. [4M]
(ii) Draw an energy level diagram for the reaction in Experiment I. [2M]
(c) An experiment is being repeated by using the same acid as in Diagram 9. By using a suitable
substance, describe an experiment to determine the heat of precipitation of calcium sulphate.
Your answer should consist of the following:
Observations
Chemical equation
Steps of calculation. [10M]
114
Terengganu 2017 Q2
(a) Diagram 2.1 shows the cleansing action of cleaning agent A in hard water on a piece of greasy cloth.
(i) What is hard water?
[1M]
(ii) State the type of cleaning agent A.
[1M]
(iii) Based on Diagram 2.1, it is observed that cleaning agent A is effective in removing grease
on the cloth in hard water. Explain the observation.
[2M]
(b) Table 2 shows the information of two different food additives, X and Y.
Food Additive Information
X Added to soft drink to sweeten it.
Y Added to pickled chilli to provide an acidic condition or to slow down the
growth of microorganisms.
Table 2
(i) Suggest the food additives, X and Y.
X : .....
Y : ..... [2M]
(ii) One of the food additives above is not suitable for a diabetic patient. Suggest another food
additive that can give the same sweetness but has lower calorie content.
[1M]
(c) Diagram 2.2 shows the structural formula of two types of analgesic that is aspirin and paracetamol.
Diagram 2.2
State which analgesic is more suitable for children and gastric patient.
Explain your answer based on the formula structure in Diagram 2.2.
[2M]
115
Kelantan 2017 Q2
(d) Rajah 2.2Menunjukkan formula struktur bagi aspirin dan parasetamol.
Rajah 2.2
Aspirin Parasetamol
(i) Tuliskan formula molekul bagi
aspirin :
parasetamol : [2M]
(ii) Nyatakan kategori ubat bagi aspirin dan parasetamol.
[1M]
(iii) Amin telah mengikuti perkhemahan sekolahnya di pedalaman Gua Musang. Sewaktu memotong
tali untuk mendirikan khemah, tangannya telah terkena pisau. Tok Batin, ketua orang asli di situ
telah meminta Amin untuk meletakkan isi kunyit, kerana ini adalah amalan biasa bagi orang
asli. Namun begitu Amin berasa kurang pasti dengan keberkesannya disebabkan tidak biasa
dengan perubatan tradisional. Pada pandangan anda, wajarkah penggunaan perubatan tradisional
dalam kehidupan seharian kita.
[2M]
MRSM 2016 Q8
Diagram 8.1 shows a few examples of food additive which is being permitted to be added to food.
(a)
Diagram 8.1
(i) State two types of food additive permitted by Food Act and state the function for each
type of food additives. [4M]
(ii) State one advantage and one disadvantage about the uses of food
additives in daily life. [2M]
(iii) Mahmud and Ah Seng are close friends.
Mahmuds right leg is swollen due to bacterial infection.
Ah Seng is suffering from headache.
They consult a doctor and different types of medicines are prescribed to each of them.
State the type of medicine prescribed respectively and give the correct usage. [4M]
116
Melaka 2016 Q8
(b) Describe the cleansing action of soap to remove dirt and grease from the clothes. [6M]
(c) Name two types of modern medicine and state their functions. [2M]
N9 2015 Q10
(a) Diagram 10.1 shows a label on a container of ice cream.
ICE CREAM INGREDIENTS:
Water, Coconut Oil, Milk Protein Concentrate, Sorbitol, Lactitol, Butylated
Hydroxynisole (BHA), Gelatine, Guar Gum, Polysorbate 80, red 40, Mono And Di-
glycerides, Sodium Benzoate, Egg Yolk
(i) From the list of the ingredients, state two types of food additives found in ice cream.
Name one example and state its function of each type of food additives. [6M]
(ii) Food additives are still widely used in our food.
In your opinion, do you agree that food additives will continue to be used in our foods?
Give your reasons. .[4M]
(b) A student conducts an activity to compare the effectiveness of cleansing action of soap and detergent
using sea water and rain water. Table 10 shows the composition of sea water and rain water in
mg/liter.
Ion Sea water (mg/L) Rain water (mg/L)
Sodium 10,800 9.4
Magnesium 1,290 1.2
Potassium 392 -
Calcium 411 0.8
Table 10
Describe an experiment to compare the cleansing effect of soap and detergent in sea water
and rain water. In your description, include the experiment procedure and conclusion. [7M]
(c)
Based on the conversation, state the type, example and its function of the medicine
given by the doctor. [3M]
117
Kelantan 2015 Q10
(a) Food process or fast food is the food component that can be consumed directly without cooking first.
It maybe canned food, western foods such as burgers and hot dog, frozen foods and other fast food.
This is not the best food choices because of its contents that is not nutritious enough. Regular intake
of fast food can cause heart attack and stroke. The content of fat and excess sugars in food can
immediately resulting in the fast food lovers experiencing obesity and so on obesity.
Diagram 10.1
Picture A Picture B
Diagram 10.1 shows two examples of fast food preferred by teenagers.
Based on Diagram 10.1, give two types of food additive used and their function. [4M]
(b) Diagram 10.2 shows a conversation between Sarah and Suzie.
Diagram 10.2
These two students met a doctor and some medicines were prescribed to them.
For each medicine, state its name, type and the correct usage. [4M]
(c)
Diagram 10.2
Diagram 10.2 shows structural formula of soap. Name Part A and Part B structured. [2M]
(d) You are given liquid soap, sample of hard water, sample of soft water and cloth with oily stain.
Describe an experiment to investigate the effectiveness of cleansing action of the soap in different
types of water. Your description must include example of hard and soft water, observation and
conclusion. [10M]
SBP 2017 Q2
(b) Table 2.2 shows the information about two types of medicine, R and S.
Medicine Description
R Used to relieve pain
Should never been given to children
S Used to treat infections caused by bacteria Table 2.2
Based on Table 2.2
(i) Azmirs son is having fever. Give a reason why medicine R is not suitable for his one
year old son. Suggest a medicine that can replace medicine R. [2M]
(ii) What action must be taken to make sure that taking the medicine S is effective?
Give your reason. [2M]
118
MRSM 2017 Q8
(a) Diagrarn 8.1 shows one tlpe of medicine prescribed by doctor to treat pneumonia.
Diagram 8.1
(i) State the type of medicine in Diagram 8.1 and its function. [2M]
(ii) Patients are advised to finish the whole course of the medicine prescribed even though
they have recovered from the sickness. Explain your answer. [2M]
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows common detergent used in household. Detergents generally contain a
number of additives to enhance its cleaning efficiency to meet consumer needs.
Diagram 8.2
Based on Diagram 8.2, state the function of any two of detergent additives. [2M]
(c) Table 8 shows the result of an experiment to compare the hardness of a pure copper and its alloy.
Table 8
Calculate the average diameter of the dent for both of the blocks. Explain the differences. [8M]
(d) Diagram 8.3 shows a statement about sulphur dioxide gas.
Sulphur dioxide is the waste product from a chemical plant that manufactures
sulphuric acid and it will affect the quality of the environment.
Diagram 8.3
Imagine you are a chemist in the chemical plant, suggest how can you reduce the effect of the
gas released to the environment. Explain your answer. [2M]
(e) Diagram 8.4 shows a frying pan and a water pipe.
Diagram 8.4
State the type of glass and polymer to make the glass lid and the water pipe.
Give a reason to each of your answer based on the property of each material. [4M]
119

SPM Chemistry Trial 2015-2017 Module

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2015-2017 SPM Chemistry Trial Paper 2 KKS Version 2

Arrangement of particles : ....................................... .............................................

Movement of particles : .............................................. ...................................... [2M]

Products : ....... [2M]

(a) State the meaning of empirical formula.

Metal Y : ...... [2M]

Describe an experiment to determine the empirical formula of a Y oxide.

Oxide ion : [2M]

....................................................................................................................... .............. [1M]

................................................................................................................................. .... [1M]

Bridge Electrical wires Gemstone

(a) Based on Diagram 9, two types of compounds can be formed.

Colourless liquid disappears and the test

Naphthalene The bulb does not light up

The bulb does not light up

(a) Name the type of cell in Diagram 4.1.

II Copper (II) ion

(a) State all ions present in beaker A.

Negative terminal : .......

Positive terminal : ....... [2M]

Colour change : ...........

Reason : ........... [2M]

Observation Grey solid deposited Grey solid deposited Light No change

Cell N Anode: Magnesium becomes thinner

(ii) weak acid : ..... [2M]

(i) State the meaning of standard solution.

Strong alkali : . [2M]

Observation : Bulb lights up Observation : Bulb does not light up

(i) State the name of an acid X and an alkali Y.

II More gas bubbles released.

(a) Identify precipitate V and solution W.

Solution W :.... [2M]

Terengganu 2016 Q10

(a) (i) State the name of process Y

(a) (i) Name process X.

Temperature : .......................................... [2M]

Teknik Johor 2016 Q8

Perlis 2016 Q10

Molecular formula : ...................

Empirical formula : ....................... [2M]

(i) name Reaction I.

Explain why there is a difference in the observation. [5M]

Perlis 2017 Q10

Brown solid formed.

(a) What is a redox reaction?

Based on Diagram 9.1, state the identity of metal M.

My roof is zinc roof which is Why my roof rust? I

Experiment II Green solution change to colourless.

Experiment III Ferum becomes thinner

Initial temperature = 29.0 oC Highest temperature mixture = 33.0 oC

Based on the experiment,

Initial temperature = 30 C Initial temperature = 30 C

Alkali : .............................................................................................................. [2M]

Penang 2016 Q10

Kedah 2016 Q10

(i) State two errors in the above set-up. [2M]

Pahang 2015 Q10

Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2

(i) What is hard water?

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