Complete Report

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
FACILITIES ENGINEERING
(CGE665)
MINI PROJECT REPORT

(CHAMPION FIELD)
GROUP MEMBERS:
AHMAD FADHIL BIN JAHARI 2014812836
AMIRA BINTI KORMAIN 2014851022
FARHAN HAIRI BIN KASSIM 2014204678
FAUZAN NAJIHAH BINTI MOHD FAUZI 2014422506
RAJA FADHLUL WAFI BIN RAJA IDRIS 2014282458
MR. FAZRIL IRFAN

SUBMISSION DATE: 21st DECEMBER 2016
EH 2436
TABLE OF CONTENT
NO CONTENT PAGE
1 INTRODUCTION 2
2 BACKGROUND 3
3 ORGANIZATION 7
4 DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES
a. Production Forecast 8
b. Drilling and Costing 9
c. Facilities Requirement 17
d. Costs Components 37
e. Economics Evaluations 42
f. Work Program and Budget 58
g. Health, Safety and Environment 67
5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 82
6 CONCLUSION AND 83
RECCOMNENDATIONS
7 REFERENCES 84
8 APPENDIXES 86
1
1) INTRODUCTION
Champion is the largest oil and gas field in the Sultanate of Brunei representing 40% of the
reserves of the country. The Champion Oil and Gas Field is located 40km north-west of
Bandar Seri Begawan, at a water depth of approximately 30m in the South China Sea. It was
discovered in 1970 by drilling the Champion-1 well and currently has more than 300 wells,
drilled by 40 different platforms.The offshore field is owned and operated by Brunei Shell
Petroleum Company (BSP), a company equally owned by the Government of Brunei and
Shell.[1]
Champion-11 Field is located offshore Brunei in Kuala Belait Delta Province, approximately
100 km from Kuala Belait in some 80 water depth and was discovered in 2016. The field is a
simple, low relief, dormal structure bounded by two E-W trending, north heading growth
sealing faults, covering an area of 6km x 3km.
Figure 1 : Location of Champion field
2
2) PROJECT BACKGROUND
The Champion field is highly compartmentalised, characterised by large areas of fault / dip
closures, from the seabed downwards. Combined with the multilayered nature of the
stratigraphic succession, striking sub-parallel to most of the faults, the numerous
hydrocarbon traps are relatively small and generally stacked. Block widths range from 100-
450 metres.
Figure 2: Champion field geological and seismic cross-sections
The C-11 2.80 reservoir has a sizeable gas cap and the original reservoir pressure is
assumed as at bubble point pressure. The main drive mechanism of the reservoir is
depletion drive supplemented by a weak aquifer and the gas cap whereby the energy for the
transport and production of reservoir fluids is provided by the expansion of gas either in the
gas cap or inside the oil phase, or from water moving in from the aquifer below and displaces
the oil. The aquifer and gas cap drives become strong at the later stage of the reservoir life
due to water injection scheme and thus become the primary drive mechanisms. However,
due to continuous depletion, both water injection and gas injection will be exercised to
3
produce 300 MMstb stock tank oil initially in place (STOIIP) with expected recovery of 120
MMstb. From a survey conducted, the properties of C-11 Rx 2.80 are stated in Table 1.
Table 1: Properties of C-11 Rx 2.80
Properties Condition
Depth 7830 ft. ss
Reservoir temperature 180 0F
Reservoir thickness 200 ft
Initial reservoir pressure 3420 psi
Porosity 18%
Oil specific gravity 42 0API
Oil viscosity 0.3 cP
Permeability 70 mD
Initial volume factor 1.5
Figure 3: Plan View of C-11 Rx 2.80
4
Figure 4: Side view of C-11 Rx 2.80
Reservoirs are heterogeneous, consisting of mainly fine grained shallow marine to

coastal/delta plain sands (i.e., beach/spit, channel, crevasse splay, barrier, distributary and
mouth bar deposits). Porosities average between 25 and 30% at shallow levels and 10 to
14% at 3,000 m. Two-thirds of the reservoirs have permeabilities between 100-5,000 mDarcy
(0.1-5 m2) The core photograph of Figure 2 illustrates reservoir sands of tidal channel
facies.[2]
5
Figure 5: Champion core photograph
6
3) ORGANIZATION
Project Manager
AMIRA BINTI
KORMAIN
Facilities Costing
Facilities Study Drilling/Costing Economics
RAJA FADHLUL
FARHAN HAIRI BIN FAUZAN NAJIHAH AHMAD FADHIL BIN
WAFI BIN RAJA
KASSIM BINTI MOHD FAUZI JAHARI
IDRIS
POSITION SCOPE OF WORKS

Project Manager  Supervising the progress of the project
 Help in smoothing the progress
 Plan and prepare the health and safety requirements for the
personnel and the working environment
Facilities Study  Plan and provide options of facilities and infrastructures during
exploration, drilling and production activities
Facilities Costing  Plan and provide facilities cost for different option of facilities and
infrastructure during exploration, drilling and production activities
including the safety equipment
Drilling/Costing  Determine production forecast
 Determine the drilling system
 Prepare the drilling budget
Economics  Prepare and evaluate the economic analysis and cash flow forecast
7
4) DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES
a. Production Forecast
Stock Tank Oil Initially in Place : 300 MMstb
Estimated Oil Recovery Factor : 40%
Expected Oil Recovery : 120 MMstb
Well Deliverability Per Well : 2000 bbl/d
Number of Wells : 8 production wells
4 injection wells
Recovery Technique : Primary
Secondary (Water Injection and Gas Injection)
Filed Life Expectancy : 25 years
Maximum Production : 5.84 MMbbl/year
Production Forecast
7
6
Production (MMbbl/year)
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Production 1.1 4 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.3 5 4.7 4.4 4.2 4 3.8 3.6 3.1 2.8
Year
Figure 6: Production Forecast of C11-Rx 2.80
8
b. Drilling and Costing
Field Information
Field Name : Champion-11
Location : Offshore of Kuala Belait Delta Province
100 km of Kuala Belait
Water Depth : 80 m
Total Vertical Depth : 7893 ft
P1 P2 I3
I4 P6
P8
P5
P7
I2 P4 P3 I1
4
Figure 7: Top view of C11-Rx 2.80
Production Wells
Injection wells
Platform
9
Drilling Information
Type of rig : Jackup Rig (250’ IC)
Drilling mud type : Water-Based Mud
Number of Wells : 8 production wells
4 injection wells
Rig Rental Rate : $ 165 000/d [3]
Rig Operating Rate : $ 71 000/d [4]
Vertical Well Cost
Cost per Foot : $690 [5]
Cost per Well : $5 402 700
Total vertical well cost : $ 21 610 800
Deviated Well Cost
Cost Incremental : 16% of vertical well cost [6]
Cost per well : $6 276 132
Total directional well cost : $50 137 06
Total Drilling and Completion Cost : $71 747 857
10
Rig Selection
The rig selected to drill Champion-11, C11-Rx 2.80 is jack up rig. Jack up rig consist of barge
shaped hull with retractable leg that can move up and down by means of gear and jacked
onto the seabed. Jack up rig is mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) suitable for shallow
water depth. Since the field has a water depth of 80m, jack up rig is the most suitable type to
be used compared to other MODU. Rental rate for this rig is less inexpensive, besides
providing a good stability during operation.[7] The jack up rig type used for this drilling is
independent leg with cantilever as shown in Figure 3. Other advantages of jack up rig
includes:
 It can work over a platform

 Down time is less
 Relatively inexpensive mobilization cost
Figure 8: Jack up Rig Independent Leg with Cantilever
11
Wellbore Trajectory
C11-Rx 2.80 is to be drilled for eight (8) producing wells and four (4) injection wells.
The producing wells will be deviated wells while the injection wells are to be drilled
vertically. Each of these wells has deliverability of 2000 bbl/d.
The deviated wells will be drill J-shaped as it is most common and simple
deviated drilling.[8] The reason for drilling directionally for the production wells is
mainly to allow better well coverage from a central location. This eliminates the need
of having multiple platforms for different wells which implies cost saving on
production. Besides that, rig moves and surface area disturbance could be reduced
by directional drilling thus cutting the cost of completing the wells.[9] Besides that,
C11-Rx 2.80 is located on a fault. By directional drilling, the potential for casing
damage can be reduce to a minimum level. Build up rate for deviated well is chosen
not to be set above 3° per 100 ft to reduce dogleg. The kick off will start at the point of
which the formation is stable and does not cause drilling problems.[10]
For injection wells, the wells are to be drilled vertically. This is for the purpose
of secondary recovery by waterflood or gasflood to supplement the reservoir pressure
depletion and to sweep oil from the point of injection towards the production well.[11]
Drilling mud type

Drilling mud chosen for this project is Water Based Mud. It is relatively inexpensive. It
is also easy to make and less difficult to maintain. Besides that, modern formulations
of water based mud are not toxic, it has minor effect on marine life and fast recovery.
When water based mud is discharged from an offshore platform, it disperses quickly
and its concentration diluted to below toxic level.[12][13]
12
Production Wells Wellbore Trajectory Distance from CPP
P1 Deviated 150
P2 Deviated 150
P3 Deviated 150
P4 Deviated 150
P5 Deviated 290
P6 Deviated 290
P7 Deviated 290
P8 Deviated 290
Injection well Wellbore Trajectory Distance from CPP
I1 Vertical 220
I2 Vertical 220
I3 Vertical 220
I4 Vertical 220
Table 2: Well Trajectory and Distance from Platform
13
Casing Design
Listed below is the specification of casing design for C11-Rx 2.80 based on formation pore
pressure, casing setting depth, casing grade selection and costing.
1. 20" Conductor casing.

The conductor casing will be set at 300 ft TVD intended to protect fresh water zones and
loose formations near surface.
2. 13 3/8" Surface casing.
The surface casing will be run and set around 300 ft to 3000 ft TVD. The Surface casing
setting depth is intended to provide a minimum safe shut-in of a gas kick from the next
hole section and also to cover lost circulation zones.
3. 9 5/8" Intermediate Casing
The intermediate casing will be run and set above the well target in formation at around
5000 ft to 5250 ft TVD. It is intended to isolate lost circulation, production zones as well
as contain formation pressure in event of tubing leak.
4. 7" Production Casing
The 7" casing is planned to be installed across the production targets. The principal
advantage of setting a casing in production targets is easy for construction compared to
the other.
Cementing Design
The casing cementation will follow the requirement set out in drilling operations manual,
drilling engineering manual and well design manual as well as local guidelines. The casing
grade chosen is G-grade as it is most common and available in market, making it cheaper.
14
20" CONDUCTOR CASING
300 FT
13 3/8" SURFACE CASING

1500 FT
9 5/8" INTERMEDIATE CASING

5250 ft
7" PRODUCTION CASING

7830 ft
Figure 9: Casing Setting Depth and Cementation according to TVD of C11-Rx 2.80
15
Drilling Schedule
Table 3 show the summary of drilling schedule for 8 production wells and 4 injection wells.
The time estimation is done based on table 3.
Table 3: Summary of Drilling Schedule
Year 4 5 6
Drilling Progress Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
P1 √
P2 √
P3 √
P4 √
P5 √
P6 √
P7 √
P8 √
I1 √
I2 √
I3 √
I4 √
Table 4: Time estimates

DRILLING PERIOD (Days) 60.00 - 70.00
TIME ESTIMATES FOR JACKUP RIG
MOB (Days) 5.00
POSITION/ RIG UP (Days) 3.00
RIG DOWN/ DEMOB (Days) 2.00
INTER WELL SKID (Days) 0.25
INFIELD RIG MOVE (Days) 2.00
16
c. Facilities Requirement
Facilities design
Selection of rig
For champion field, the best selection would be to go for fixed platform. The reason being is
because Brunei water depth is not that deep and we do not need either deepwater or ultra-
deep water platform or rig to drill our field. The water depth is less than 1000m, therefore
fixed platform suit well with this field.
Figure 10: front view of platform Figure 11: Isometry view of the designed
platform
Good platform structure came from a stable and strong base. In this champion field,
the piles are suggested to be concrete-filled and extended from 15 ft. above to 245 ft. below
the mean low waterline. The main legs are 36 in.- diameter pipes, partly surrounded by a 42
in.- diameter grout-filled jacket extended from 14 ft. above to 87 ft. below the waterline. The
reason behind the selection of 36 inches diameter pipe and 42inches jacket are primarily
because of stability and cost. Besides, the tower is chosen for thorough vibration analyses
and correlation. It is a four-legged pile-supported fixed platform located approximately 40 km
offshore at the North West entrance to port of Muara Harbour. The selection may not be the
jewel on the crown but it would give the good stability with minimum cost .meanwhile , the
helicopter deck is designed approximately 77 ft. x 77 ft., and it supports a 42 ft.-high, 9 ft. x 9
ft. lantern tower on its southeastern corner. The weight of the tower without piles or concrete,
with all storage tanks empty am with all installed equipment, is approximately 900 short tons.
A side elevation of the tower is shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11.
17
Type of drilling technique and well
Based on the production forecast and the others related data the number of production well
that we should be using is eight. Since the number of well that need to be drilled could be
categorized as many therefore the best technique to be used is directional drilling by using
directional wells. The simple reason behind this selection is because directional drilling
allows for multiple wells from the same vertical well bore and at the same time minimizing the
wells' environmental impact.
Besides that, this particular technique increased the exposed section length through
the reservoir by drilling through the reservoir at an angle.it also make drilling into the
reservoir where vertical access is difficult or impossible , possible. For instance an oilfield
under a town, under a lake, underneath a difficult-to-drill formation or even it is located far
away from one another directional drilling are by far the best option to deal with this situation.
More wellheads could be grouped together on one surface location can allow fewer
rig moves, less surface area disturbance, and make it easier and cheaper to complete and
produce the wells. The wells will fan out from the platform into the reservoir. This concept is
being applied to land wells, allowing multiple subsurface locations to be reached from one
pad, reducing costs. Drilling along the underside of a reservoir-constraining fault allows
multiple productive sands to be completed at the highest stratigraphic points.
18
 For type of drilling, underbalance drilling is used purely because it eliminated formation
damage. In a conventional well, drilling mud is forced into the formation in a process
called invasion, which frequently causes formation damage - a decrease in the ability of
the formation to transmit oil into the wellbore at a given pressure and flow rate. It may or
may not be repairable. In underbalanced drilling, if the underbalanced state is maintained
until the well becomes productive, invasion does not occur and formation damage can be
completely avoided. Underbalance drilling also capable of handling lost circulation
problem. When drilling mud flows into the formation uncontrollably. Large amounts of
mud can be lost before a proper mud cake forms, or the loss can continue indefinitely. If
the well is drilled underbalanced, mud will not enter the formation and the problem can
be avoided.
19
Basic flow process from subsea to underwater to topside facilities
j
P t
subsea flexible L u
manifold flowline E b
M e
central
processing FSO
well platform
flowlines
20
Underwater equipments
Table 5: List of underwater equipment needed.
N0. Names
1. Subsea manifold
2. PLEM(PIPELINE END MANIFOLD)
3. Subsea templates
4. Flexible flowlines
5. Risers/J-tube
6. Rigid flowlines
7. Tethered midwater arch buoy
8. Clump weight
Table 6: Function for each of equipments

Names of Function/functions
equipments
1)Subsea It is a Stand-alone structure designed to direct fluids for
manifold multiple subseas Christmas trees placed around it. It typically can
accommodate 4- 8 wells per manifold.
2)PLEM It is cluster manifold generally designed to direct fluids for only one or two
subsea Christmas trees. A PLEM generally connects directly to a subsea
flow line without the use of a pipeline end termination (PLET).
3)SUBSEA Template manifold is a drill-through structure designed to house
TEMPELATES multiple subsea Christmas trees on top of it and gather/route flow at the
same time. It is required when subsea Christmas trees are grouped side-by-
side.
4) FLEXIBLE The flowline was attached to the manifold to cater for less turbulent flowrate
FLOWLINE as compared to rigid flowline. It was built for less volume than rigid flowline.
5) Hybrid riser Rigid tower , Self-buoyant to Minimize transfer of load to FPSO
/ jtube • Linking flexible
• Fixed vessel orientation
• j tube is the combination of certain small tubing and electrical cord to
make it easier to be used in underwater atmosphere.
6) Rigid The flowline was attached to the well templates to cater larger volume and
flowlines vigorous flowrate than flexible flow compared to one used in flexible
flowline.
7) Tethered Self-buoyant to Minimize transfer of load to FPSO
midwater arch
buoy
8) clump Attached to the arch buoy to stabilize the arch buoy in underwater condition
weight
21
Subsurface Development Plan
Option Method
I CPP + FSO
II CPP + Pipeline
III CPP + FSO and AGRU
a) Option I (CPP + FSO)

This option utilizes central processing platform (CPP) with floating, storage and offloading
vessel (FSO). An addition of FSO in this option will increase the capacity of storage of the
hydrocarbon before transport it to onshore terminal. FSO will replace the pipeline that
connecting the CPP and onshore terminal. Other facilities on the platform remain
unchanged as this option only affected the connection between CPP and terminal. If client
want unprocessed oil and gas, FSO can offload the oil and gas to tanker and then
transport it to the client. This type of option can only be used if there are clients that want
unprocessed oil and gas.
Layout
Figure 12: Process flow diagram on CPP for Option 1
22
Subsea
manifold
Injection
well
Subsea
templates
Well
PLEM
uth FSO
CPP
uth
PLEM
Topside view for Option 1
23
b) Option 2 (CPP + Pipeline)
For this option, it utilizes the usage of CPP and transport pipeline that connect from CPP
to onshore terminal. This option is more like a typical design of a platform. The facilities on
the CPP changed little bit as pig launcher and pipeline for oil and gas streams are added.
The pipelines will be lay down for almost 100km for both oil and gas pipeline on the
seabed and directly connect to the terminal. As for oil, it will transport to Seria Crude Oil
Terminal (SCOT) and for gas, it will transport to Lumut Gas Terminal. Lumut Gas Terminal
is much near than SCOT (Figure 1). Thus, the cost for pipeline can be reduced.
Layout
24
Subsea
manifold
Injection
well
Subsea
templates
PLEM
uth Well
Oil pipeline
CPP
Gas pipeline
uth
PLEM
25
c) Option 3 (CPP + FSO + AGRU)
This option combine option 1 with Acid Gas Removal Unit (AGRU) to treat acid gas that
presence in the gas stream. It is reported that there are no presence of H2S in this field
but CO2 might be presence. Acid gas must be removed from gas stream to prevent
hydrate formation in the pipeline. Hydrate formation can lead to increase in pressure and
cause pipe rupture and explosion. This unit is put on the CPP after scrubber and before
the gas sale line. This to ensure that no CO2 is presence in the sale line to meet the sale
gas production standards.[14] The oil and gas will be stored in the storage tank and FSO
before offload it to the tanker.
Layout
26
Subsea
manifold
Injection
well
Subsea
templates
Well
PLEM
uth FSO
CPP
uth
PLEM
27
Detail Design of the Facilities
No Equipment Quantity Type Justification
 To reduce space requirement on the platform.

1. Separator 4 Vertical 3 Phase  Comply with fluid phase production.
 Separate the gas, oil and water.
 High efficiency (greater than 5 microns).

 Low power requirement2.
2. Scrubber 2 Orifice
 Can remove suspended solid in gas stream as suspended solid can damage
equipment such as compressor.
3 Gas Turbine  Gas turbine will be used for primary power generation on the platform.
3. Power Generation
2 Diesel Driven  Diesel driven will be act as standby in case of gas turbine failure.
 To give energy to gas.

1 Low Pressure
4. Compressor  Low pressure: for transport gas within facilities.
2 High Pressure
 High pressure: for transport gas to terminal.
 Provide heating, venting and air-conditioning to the platform.

5. HVAC 1 -  Essential equipment when living quarters are exist on platform.
 Kitchen require hood ventilation system6.
 To make seawater drinkable.

Potable Water  Disinfection to prevent waterborne diseases.
6. 1 -
System  Distribute water to the entire CPP.
 Filter the suspended solid in water3.
 Use for controlling the growth of marine organisms in industrial cooling

Seawater Cooling systems.
7. 1 Chlorine Dioxide
System  Can improve energy efficiency in cooling water systems and reduce
environmental impact4.
28
 Most widely used in petroleum industry.
8. Flare System 1 Elevated/Open  Vertical flare stack height range from 32 to 320 feet.
 Use to eliminate waste gas5.
Water Treatment
 Deoiling is used to recover oil droplets from water and comply with law and
9. and Disposal 1 Deoiling
regulations of oil concentration in water before flow it back to sea7.
System
 Use to inject chemical into well to remove formation damage, improve oil
recovery, inhibit corrosion and scale.
Chemical Injection  Multi point can inject the same chemical at different injection point at different
10. 1 Multi Point
System flow rates and injection pressures.
 Suitable as it reduce space requirement to accommodate the skid footprint.
 Reduce cost in capital investment and operating8.
 SCADA monitor, gather and process data.

 It interact and control machines and devices such as valves, pumps, motors
11. Control System 1 SCADA
which are connected through HMI (human-machine interface) system.
 Make operator easy to control processes on platform9.
 Can accommodate 4 persons in one unit.

 As a place for personnel to rest when outside working hours.
12. Living Quarters 25 -  It can help boost up the performance of the personnel especially the
operators and technicians.
 Foods and bed are provided for free of charge.
 Used in secondary recovery.

 There are two type of injection system which are water and gas.
1 Water Injection  Used when pressure has depleted and production rate decrease.
13. Injection System
1 Gas Injection  It can increase back the reservoir pressure and maintain the production rate
at the plateau.
 The system can be used separately or alternately.
29
 Used to move liquid (oil and water) within the facilities and transport it to
FSO, tanker or onshore terminal.
14. Pump 2 Centrifugal
 Also used in water injection system.
 It will push water inside the reservoir to increase the pressure.
 Used for store oil before transport it to tanker and onshore terminal.
15. Storage Tank 3 Horizontal tanks
 Also used to hold produce water before treat it10.
 Essential on the platform to protect personnel from hazardous environment.

 Comply with law and regulations.
16. Fire Fighting System 1 -
 Each fire area should be self-contained, in case of fire, the area can be shut
off partially.
 Used to transport goods from ship or supply boat to platform.

 Also used to lift drill pipe, casing and maintenance equipment.
17. Crane 2 -
 Must sustain very heavy load.
 It is an important equipment on platform for daily operations.
 Function to combine production well pipeline into one pipeline and directly
connected to separator.
18. Surface Manifold 2 -  There are two surface manifold on platform; for production well and injection
well.
 For injection well, it connected to injection system.
 Dehydration unit is used to remove water droplets in gas streams.

 Glycol is used as it has high affinity to water and low affinity towards
Glycol Contact
19. Dehydration Unit 1 hydrocarbon.
Tower
 Water must be removed as it can cause hydrate formation, erosion and
corrosion in the pipeline.
 UCARSOL is one in a series of advanced-performance gas treating solvents.

Acid Gas removal
20. 1 UCARSOL  It specifically designed for carbon dioxide removal in natural gas processing.
Unit (AGRU)
 CO2 can lead to many problem such as hydrate formation in pipeline.
30
Transportation
There are two types of transportation that is used to transport the hydrocarbon. There are via
pipelines and tanker.
a) Pipelines.
This mode of transportation is used in option 2 that connecting CPP and onshore
terminal. This pipelines is divided into two which are oil pipeline and gas pipeline. Gas
pipeline are using higher grade than oil pipeline because gas can build up pressure
pretty easy. So, the gas pipeline can sustain higher pressure than oil pipeline. Each
of pipelines has different destination as it follow the medium that its transport. Gas
pipelines will directly go to Lumut Gas Terminal to further process the gas. As for oil
pipeline, it will go to Seria Crude Oil Terminal (SCOT). The distance between oil and
gas pipelines are varies since Seria is more far than Lumut from Champion 11 field.
The pipeline will be laid down on the seabed from CPP to the terminal.
b) Tanker.
This mode of transportation is used in option I and 3. It used in conjunction with use
of FSO. Tanker is used to transport hydrocarbon to onshore terminal or to client’s
harbour. Since FSO is a supporting structure that connected to CPP, it cannot move
anywhere except if the field has been abandon. Tanker will move near to FSO and
connect to tanker offloading buoy to transfer oil and gas to the tanker. After
transferred, tanker will move to its destination.
Supporting Structure
The supporting structure that is use in this field are fixed platform and FSO. Type of fixed
platform used is jacket platform.
a) Jacket Platform.
For Champion field, jacket platform is choose because Brunei water depth is only
80m. This platform can use in water depth up to 500m. So, this platform suit well with
this field. The other reason is the cost. For using other type of platform at this field will
not cost effective since the cost of platform is expensive and water depth are not too
deep.
31
b) Floating, Storage and Offloading vessel (FSO).
For this field, FSO are used for option I and 3. This vessel is like floating storage that
has capability to offload the hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon is offload to the tanker to
transport it somewhere else. FPSO which can process the hydrocarbon is not used
because hydrocarbon can be processed on the CPP. So, the cost effective way is just
to use FSO.
Equipment Layout
Separator
Scrubber
32
Power Generation
HVAC
Seawater Cooling System
33
Flare System
Water Treatment and Disposal System
34
Living Quarters
Pump
35
Dehydration Unit
Acid Gas Removal Unit
36
d. Costs Components
3 Option Development Plan
 CPP with FSO

 CPP with Pipeline (Harbour/ Plant)
 CPP with FSO and AGRU
CAPEX
Year Type Cost 1 Cost 2 Cost 3

2009 Acquisition of Right 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000
 Production Sharing
Contracts (PSC)
Agreement
 Legal Expenses,
Property, Broker &
Recording Costs
2010 Exploration 40,000,000 40,000,000 40,000,000
2011  G&G Studies
 Basin Modelling
 Leads & Prospect
Evaluation
2012 Appraisal 20,000,000 20,000,000 20,000,000
2013  Planning & Data
Acquisition
 Appraisal Drilling
& Seismic
Detailing
2014 Development 167,937,857 172,937,857 217,937,857
2015  Well, Drilling &
2016 Pipeline
Development
 Facilities Design
 Abandonment
forecast
37
Well, Drilling & Pipeline Cost
Item Cost (USD)

Rig Rental Rate 165,000/ day
Rig Operating Rate 71,000/ day
Vertical Well Cost
Cost Per Foot 690
Cost Per Well 5,402,700
Total Vertical Well Cost 21,610,800
Deviated Well Completion Cost
Cost Incremental 16% of Vertical Well Cost
Cost Per Well 6,276,132
Total Directional Well Cost 50,137,056
Total Drilling & Completion Cost 71,747,857
Facilities Design Cost
 Underwater Equipment
 Surface Equipment
 Complemented/ Auxiliary Equipment (Option1/2/3)
Underwater Equipment
Item Unit Cost Per Unit (USD) Total Cost (USD)
Subsea Manifold 2 5,000,000 10,000,000
PLEM (Pipeline End 1 750,000 750,000
Manifold)
Subsea Template 8 1,500,000 12,000,000
Flexible Flowline 8 (1 unit ~ 150m) 40/ meter 48,000
Risers/ Jtube 13 (1 unit ~ 150m) 60/ meter 117,000
Rigid Flowline 4 (1 unit ~ 150m) 40/ meter 24,000
Tethered Midwater 8 (1 unit ~ 220m) 35/ meter 61,600
Arch Buoy
Clump Weight 13 60,000 780,000
23,780,000
Surface Equipment
Hoisting System 1 90,000 90,000
Power System 1 35,000 35,000
Rotating Equipment 1 80,000 80,000
Circulation System 1 50,000 50,000
Blow Out Preventer 1 40,000 40,000
(BOP)
Derrick 1 40,000,000 40,000,000
Living Quarter (LQ) 25 60,000 1,500,000
Power Generation
 Gas Turbine 3 40,000 120,000
38
 Diesel Driven 2 40,000 80,000
Crane 2 180,000 360,000
Portable Water 1 50,000 50,000
System
Seawater Cooling 1 160,000 160,000
System
Flare System 1 150,000 150,000
Flare Related 1 80,000 80,000
Equipment
Water Treatment & 1 150,000 150,000
Disposal
Chemical Injection 1 200,000 200,000
System
Control System 1 100,000 100,000
EOR System
 Water 1 130,000 130,000
 Gas 1 130,000 130,000
Pump
 Crude Oil 1 60,000 60,000
Transfer
 Water 1 60,000 60,000
injection
Storage Tank 3 100,000 300,000
Fire Fighting System 1 120,000 120,000
Crane 2 180,000 360,000
Dehydration Unit
 Glycol 1 50,000 50,000
Contact
Tower
Surface Manifold 2 80,000 160,000
Separator 4 75,000 300,000
Compressor
 Low Pressure 1 50,000 50,000
 High Pressure 2 50,000 100,000
Scrubbers 2 75,000 150,000
Heat Exchanger 3 65,000 195,000
45,410,000
Complemented/ Auxiliary Equipment

Pipeline ( Harbour/ 1 (100km) 80/ meter 8,000,000
Plant)
Floating, Storage & 1 3,000,000 3,000,000
Offloading (FSO)
Acid Gas Removal 1 50,000,000 50,000,000
Unit (AGRU)
39
Abandonment Forecast Cost
Field No. of Well Cost Per Well Total Cost (USD)

(USD)
Champion-11 8 3,000,000 24,000,000
OPEX
Year Type Cost 1 Cost 2 Cost 3

2016 Production 2,000,000 2,600,000 3,500,000
 Field Master Plan
 Field & Reservoir
Management
2017 - 2041 Production 250,000,000 325,000,000 425,000,000
 Feedstocks
 Utilities
 Overheads
 Maintenance of
Facilities
 Lifting Production
 Treatment/
Workover
 Secondary
Recovery
 Water Disposal
 Evacuation
 Insurance
Input Variable
Oil Price (USD/ bbl) 54.2
Royalty Rate 10%
Cost Ceiling Rate 30%
Contr. Profit Rate 50%
Depreciation Rate 20%
Tax Rate 40%
40
Year CAPEX OPEX
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 1 Option 2 Option 3
2009 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 - - -
2010 15,000,000 15,000,000 15,000,000 - - -
2011 25,000,000 25,000,000 25,000,000 - - -
2012 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 - - -
2013 10,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 - - -
2014 25,000,000 26,000,000 30,000,000 - - -
2015 100,762,715 103,762,715 130,762,715 - - -
2016 42,175,142 43,175,142 57,175,142 2,000,000 2,600,000 3,500,000
2017 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2018 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2019 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2020 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2021 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2022 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2023 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2024 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2025 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2026 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2027 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2028 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2029 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2030 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2031 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2032 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2033 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2034 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2035 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2036 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2037 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2038 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2039 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2040 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
2041 - - - 10,000,000 13,000,000 17,000,000
Total 232,937,857 237,937,857 282,937,857 252,000,000 327,600,000 428,500,000
CAPEX OPEX TOTAL

Option 1 232,937,857 252,000,000 484,937,857
Option 2 237,937,857 327,600,000 565,537,857
Option 3 282,937,857 428,500,000 711,437,857
41
e. Economics Evaluations
Option 1
Year Revenue CAPEX OPEX NCF CUM NCF

2009 - 5,000,000 - -5,000,000 -5,000,000
2010 - 15,000,000 - -15,000,000 -20,000,000
2011 - 25,000,000 - -25,000,000 -45,000,000
2012 - 10,000,000 - -10,000,000 -55,000,000
2013 - 10,000,000 - -10,000,000 -65,000,000
2014 - 25,000,000 - -25,000,000 -90,000,000
2015 - 100,762,715 - -100,762,715 -190,762,715
2016 - 42,175,142 2,000,000 -44,175,142 -234,937,857
2017 59,349,000 10,000,000 49,349,000 -185,588,857
2018 217,613,000 10,000,000 207,613,000 22,024,143
2019 305,146,000 10,000,000 295,146,000 317,170,143
2020 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 623,698,143
2021 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 930,226,143
2022 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 1,236,754,143
2023 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 1,543,282,143
2024 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 1,849,810,143
2025 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 2,156,338,143
2026 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 2,462,866,143
2027 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 2,769,394,143
2028 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 3,075,922,143
2029 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 3,382,450,143
2030 316,528,000 10,000,000 306,528,000 3,688,978,143
2031 300,702,000 10,000,000 290,702,000 3,979,680,143
2032 285,688,000 10,000,000 275,688,000 4,255,368,143
2033 271,380,000 10,000,000 261,380,000 4,516,748,143
2034 255,120,000 10,000,000 245,120,000 4,761,868,143
2035 239,781,000 10,000,000 229,781,000 4,991,649,143
2036 225,418,000 10,000,000 215,418,000 5,207,067,143
2037 214,144,000 10,000,000 204,144,000 5,411,211,143
2038 203,413,000 10,000,000 193,413,000 5,604,624,143
2039 193,277,000 10,000,000 183,277,000 5,787,901,143
2040 166,828,000 10,000,000 156,828,000 5,944,729,143
2041 153,440,000 10,000,000 143,440,000 6,088,169,143
Total 6,573,107,000 232,937,857 252,000,000
42
Option 1
350,000,000
300,000,000
250,000,000
200,000,000
150,000,000
NCF
100,000,000
50,000,000
0
-50,000,000
-100,000,000
-150,000,000
Year
Option 1
6,500,000,000
5,500,000,000
4,500,000,000
Cum NCF
3,500,000,000
2,500,000,000
1,500,000,000
500,000,000
-500,000,000
Year
43
Option 1
7,000,000,000
6,000,000,000
5,000,000,000
NCF/ CUM NCF
4,000,000,000
3,000,000,000 NCF
CUM NCF
2,000,000,000
1,000,000,000
0
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
2031
2033
2035
2037
2039
2041
-1,000,000,000
Year
44
Discounted Cash Flow (Option 1)
I = 10%
n Year NCF DF[0.10]= DCF

(Option 1) [1.1]^-n [0.10]=NCF*DF
0 2009 -5,000,000 1 -5,000,000
1 2010 -15,000,000 0.91 -13,650,000
2 2011 -25,000,000 0.83 -20,750,000
3 2012 -10,000,000 0.75 -7,500,000
4 2013 -10,000,000 0.68 -6,800,000
5 2014 -25,000,000 0.62 -15,500,000
6 2015 -100,762,715 0.56 -56,427,120.4
7 2016 -44,175,142 0.51 -22,529,322.4
8 2017 49,349,000 0.47 23,194,030
9 2018 207,613,000 0.42 87,197,460
10 2019 295,146,000 0.39 115,106,940
11 2020 306,528,000 0.35 107,284,800
12 2021 306,528,000 0.32 98,088,960
13 2022 306,528,000 0.29 88,893,120
14 2023 306,528,000 0.26 79,697,280
15 2024 306,528,000 0.24 73,566,720
16 2025 306,528,000 0.22 67,436,160
17 2026 306,528,000 0.20 61,305,600
18 2027 306,528,000 0.18 55,175,040
19 2028 306,528,000 0.16 49,044,480
20 2029 306,528,000 0.15 45,979,200
21 2030 306,528,000 0.14 42,913,920
22 2031 290,702,000 0.12 34,884,240
23 2032 275,688,000 0.11 30,325,680
24 2033 261,380,000 0.10 26,138,000
25 2034 245,120,000 0.09 22,060,800
26 2035 229,781,000 0.08 18,382,480
27 2036 215,418,000 0.07 15,079,260
28 2037 204,144,000 0.07 14,290,080
29 2038 193,413,000 0.06 11,604,780
30 2039 183,277,000 0.06 10,996,620
31 2040 156,828,000 0.05 7,841,400
32 2041 143,440,000 0.05 7,172,000
UCS 6,088,169,143 NPV 1,045,502,607
45
I = 20%, 30% & 40%
NCF DF[0.20] = DF[0.30] = DF[0.40] = DCF [0.20] DCF DCF

(Option 1) [1.2]^-n [1.3]^-n [1.4]^-n = NCF*DF [0.30] = [0.40] =
NCF*DF NCF*DF
-5,000,000 1.00 1.00 1.00 -5,000,000 -5,000,000 -5,000,000
-15,000,000 - -
0.83 0.77 0.71 -125,00,000 11,538,462 10,714,286
-25,000,000 - -
0.69 0.59 0.51 -17,361,111 14,792,899 12,755,102
-10,000,000 0.58 0.46 0.36 -5,787,037 -4,551,661 -3,644,315
-10,000,000 0.48 0.35 0.26 -4,822,531 -3,501,278 -2,603,082
-25,000,000 0.40 0.27 0.19 -10,046,939 -6,733,227 -4,648,361
-100,762,715 - -
0.33 0.21 0.13 -33,745,229 20,875,638 13,382,327
-44,175,142 0.28 0.16 0.09 -12,328,471 -7,040,030 -4,190,653
49,349,000 0.23 0.12 0.07 11,477,000 6,049,668 3,343,906
207,613,000 0.19 0.09 0.05 40,236,790 19,577,822 10,048,523
295,146,000 0.16 0.07 0.03 47,667,727 21,409,345 10,203,673
306,528,000 0.13 0.06 0.02 41,254,986 17,103,826 7,569,405
306,528,000 0.11 0.04 0.02 34,379,155 13,156,789 5,406,718
306,528,000 0.09 0.03 0.01 28,649,296 10,120,607 3,861,941
306,528,000 0.08 0.03 0.01 23,874,413 7,785,083 2,758,530
306,528,000 0.06 0.02 0.01 19,895,344 5,988,525 1,970,378
306,528,000 0.05 0.02 0.00 16,579,454 4,606,558 1,407,413
306,528,000 0.05 0.01 0.00 13,816,211 3,543,506 1,005,295
306,528,000 0.04 0.01 0.00 11,513,509 2,725,774 718,068
306,528,000 0.03 0.01 0.00 9,594,591 2,096,749 512,906
306,528,000 0.03 0.01 0.00 7,995,493 1,612,884 366,361
306,528,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 6,662,911 1,240,680 261,687
290,702,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 5,265,754 905,095 177,268
275,688,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 4,161,493 660,269 120,081
261,380,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 3,287,929 481,539 81,320
245,120,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 2,569,494 347,372 54,473
229,781,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 2,007,251 250,488 36,474
215,418,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,568,153 180,639 24,424
204,144,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,238,402 131,681 16,533
193,413,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 977,754 95,968 11,189
183,277,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 772,095 69,953 7,573
156,828,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 550,560 46,045 4,629
143,440,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 419,634 32,395 3,024
6,088,169,143 NPV = NPV = NPV =
234,824,082 46,186,066 -
17,014,857
46
Option 2

2009 - 5,000,000 - -5,000,000 -5,000,000
2010 - 15,000,000 - -15,000,000 -20,000,000
2011 - 25,000,000 - -25,000,000 -45,000,000
2012 - 10,000,000 - -10,000,000 -55,000,000
2013 - 10,000,000 - -10,000,000 -65,000,000
2014 - 26,000,000 - -26,000,000 -91,000,000
2015 - 103,762,715 - -103,762,715 -194,762,715
2016 - 43,175,142 2,600,000 -45,775,142 -240,537,857
2017 59,349,000 13,000,000 46,349,000 -194,188,857
2018 217,613,000 13,000,000 204,613,000 10,424,143
2019 305,146,000 13,000,000 292,146,000 302,570,143
2020 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 606,098,143
2021 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 909,626,143
2022 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 1,213,154,143
2023 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 1,516,682,143
2024 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 1,820,210,143
2025 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 2,123,738,143
2026 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 2,427,266,143
2027 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 2,730,794,143
2028 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 3,034,322,143
2029 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 3,337,850,143
2030 316,528,000 13,000,000 303,528,000 3,641,378,143
2031 300,702,000 13,000,000 287,702,000 3,929,080,143
2032 285,688,000 13,000,000 272,688,000 4,201,768,143
2033 271,380,000 13,000,000 258,380,000 4,460,148,143
2034 255,120,000 13,000,000 242,120,000 4,702,268,143
2035 239,781,000 13,000,000 226,781,000 4,929,049,143
2036 225,418,000 13,000,000 212,418,000 5,141,467,143
2037 214,144,000 13,000,000 201,144,000 5,342,611,143
2038 203,413,000 13,000,000 190,413,000 5,533,024,143
2039 193,277,000 13,000,000 180,277,000 5,713,301,143
2040 166,828,000 13,000,000 153,828,000 5,867,129,143
2041 153,440,000 13,000,000 140,440,000 6,007,569,143
Total 6,573,107,000 237,937,857 327,600,000
47
Option 2
350,000,000
300,000,000
250,000,000
200,000,000
150,000,000
NCF
100,000,000
50,000,000
0
-50,000,000
-100,000,000
-150,000,000
Year
Option 2
6,500,000,000
5,500,000,000
4,500,000,000
Cum NCF
3,500,000,000
2,500,000,000
1,500,000,000
500,000,000
-500,000,000
Year
48
Option 2
7,000,000,000
6,000,000,000
5,000,000,000
NCF/ CUM NCF
4,000,000,000
3,000,000,000 NCF
CUM NCF
2,000,000,000
1,000,000,000
0
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
2031
2033
2035
2037
2039
2041
-1,000,000,000
Year
49
I = 10%

(Option 2) [1.1]^-n [0.10]=NCF*DF
0 2009 -5,000,000 1 -5,000,000
1 2010 -15,000,000 0.91 -13,650,000
2 2011 -25,000,000 0.83 -20,750,000
3 2012 -10,000,000 0.75 -7,500,000
4 2013 -10,000,000 0.68 -6,800,000
5 2014 -26,000,000 0.62 -16,120,000
6 2015 -103,762,715 0.56 -58,107,120.4
7 2016 -45,775,142 0.51 -23,345,322.4
8 2017 46,349,000 0.47 21,784,030
9 2018 204,613,000 0.42 85,937,460
10 2019 292,146,000 0.39 113,936,940
11 2020 303,528,000 0.35 106,234,800
12 2021 303,528,000 0.32 97,128,960
13 2022 303,528,000 0.29 88,023,120
14 2023 303,528,000 0.26 78,917,280
15 2024 303,528,000 0.24 72,846,720
16 2025 303,528,000 0.22 66,776,160
17 2026 303,528,000 0.20 60,705,600
18 2027 303,528,000 0.18 54,635,040
19 2028 303,528,000 0.16 48,564,480
20 2029 303,528,000 0.15 45,529,200
21 2030 303,528,000 0.14 42,493,920
22 2031 287,702,000 0.12 34,524,240
23 2032 272,688,000 0.11 29,995,680
24 2033 258,380,000 0.10 25,838,000
25 2034 242,120,000 0.09 21,790,800
26 2035 226,781,000 0.08 18,142,480
27 2036 212,418,000 0.07 14,869,260
28 2037 201,144,000 0.07 14,080,080
29 2038 190,413,000 0.06 11,424,780
30 2039 180,277,000 0.06 10,816,620
31 2040 153,828,000 0.05 7,691,400
32 2041 140,440,000 0.05 7,022,000
UCS 6,007,569,143 NPV 1,028,436,607
50
I = 20%, 30% & 40%

(Option 2) [1.2]^-n [1.3]^-n [1.4]^-n = NCF*DF [0.30] = [0.40] =
NCF*DF NCF*DF
-5,000,000 1.00 1.00 1.00 -5,000,000 -5,000,000 -5,000,000
- -
-15,000,000 0.83 0.77 0.71 -12,500,000 11,538,462 10,714,286
- -
-25,000,000 0.69 0.59 0.51 -17,361,111 14,792,899 12,755,102
-10,000,000 0.58 0.46 0.36 -5,787,037 -4,551,661 -3,644,315
-10,000,000 0.48 0.35 0.26 -4,822,531 -3,501,278 -2,603,082
-26,000,000 0.40 0.27 0.19 -10,448,817 -7,002,556 -4,834,295
- -
-103,762,715 0.33 0.21 0.13 -34,749,923 21,497,166 13,780,758
-45,775,142 0.28 0.16 0.09 -12,775,002 -7,295,016 -4,342,436
46,349,000 0.23 0.12 0.07 10,779,296 5,681,900 3,140,625
204,613,000 0.19 0.09 0.05 39,655,370 19,294,923 9,903,322
292,146,000 0.16 0.07 0.03 47,183,210 21,191,730 10,099,958
303,528,000 0.13 0.06 0.02 40,851,222 16,936,431 7,495,323
303,528,000 0.11 0.04 0.02 34,042,685 13,028,023 5,353,802
303,528,000 0.09 0.03 0.01 28,368,904 10,021,557 3,824,145
303,528,000 0.08 0.03 0.01 23,640,754 7,708,890 2,731,532
303,528,000 0.06 0.02 0.01 19,700,628 5,929,915 1,951,094
303,528,000 0.05 0.02 0.00 16,417,190 4,561,473 1,393,639
303,528,000 0.05 0.01 0.00 13,680,992 3,508,826 995,456
303,528,000 0.04 0.01 0.00 11,400,826 2,699,097 711,040
303,528,000 0.03 0.01 0.00 9,500,689 2,076,228 507,886
303,528,000 0.03 0.01 0.00 7,917,241 1,597,099 362,776
303,528,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 6,597,700 1,228,537 259,125
287,702,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 5,211,413 895,755 175,439
272,688,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 4,116,209 653,084 118,774
258,380,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 3,250,192 476,013 80,387
242,120,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 2,538,046 343,121 53,806
226,781,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,981,045 247,218 35,998
212,418,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,546,314 178,123 24,084
201,144,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,220,203 129,746 16,290
190,413,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 962,588 94,480 11,015
180,277,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 759,457 68,808 7,449
153,828,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 540,029 45,164 4,540
140,440,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 410,857 31,718 2,961
6,007,569,143 NPV = NPV = NPV =
228,828,637 43,448,818 -
18,317,130
51
Option 3

2009 - 5,000,000 - -5,000,000 -5,000,000
2010 - 15,000,000 - -15,000,000 -20,000,000
2011 - 25,000,000 - -25,000,000 -45,000,000
2012 - 10,000,000 - -10,000,000 -55,000,000
2013 - 10,000,000 - -10,000,000 -65,000,000
2014 - 30,000,000 - -30,000,000 -95,000,000
2015 - 130,762,715 - -130,762,715 -225,762,715
2016 - 57,175,142 3,500,000 -60,675,142 -286,437,857
2017 59,349,000 - 17,000,000 42,349,000 -244,088,857
2018 217,613,000 - 17,000,000 200,613,000 -43,475,857
2019 305,146,000 - 17,000,000 288,146,000 244,670,143
2020 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 544,198,143
2021 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 843,726,143
2022 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 1,143,254,143
2023 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 1,442,782,143
2024 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 1,742,310,143
2025 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 2,041,838,143
2026 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 2,341,366,143
2027 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 2,640,894,143
2028 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 2,940,422,143
2029 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 3,239,950,143
2030 316,528,000 - 17,000,000 299,528,000 3,649,478,143
2031 300,702,000 - 17,000,000 283,702,000 3,753,180,143
2032 285,688,000 - 17,000,000 268,688,000 4,021,868,143
2033 271,380,000 - 17,000,000 254,380,000 4,276,248,143
2034 255,120,000 - 17,000,000 238,120,000 4,514,368,143
2035 239,781,000 - 17,000,000 222,781,000 4,737,149,143
2036 225,418,000 - 17,000,000 208,418,000 4,945,567,143
2037 214,144,000 - 17,000,000 197,144,000 5,142,711,143
2038 203,413,000 - 17,000,000 186,413,000 5,329,124,143
2039 193,277,000 - 17,000,000 176,277,000 5,505,401,143
2040 166,828,000 - 17,000,000 149,828,000 5,655,229,143
2041 153,440,000 - 17,000,000 136,440,000 5,791,669,143
Total 6,573,107,000 282,937,857 428,500,000
52
Option 3
350,000,000
300,000,000
250,000,000
200,000,000
150,000,000
100,000,000
NCF
50,000,000
0
-50,000,000
-100,000,000
-150,000,000
-200,000,000
Year
Option 3
6,500,000,000
5,500,000,000
4,500,000,000
Cum NCF
3,500,000,000
2,500,000,000
1,500,000,000
500,000,000
-500,000,000
Year
53
Option 3
7,000,000,000
6,000,000,000
5,000,000,000
NCF/ CUM NCF
4,000,000,000
3,000,000,000 NCF
CUM NCF
2,000,000,000
1,000,000,000
0
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
2031
2033
2035
2037
2039
2041
-1,000,000,000
Year
54
I = 10%

(Option 3) [1.1]^-n [0.10]=NCF*DF
0 2009 -5,000,000 1 -5,000,000
1 2010 -15,000,000 0.91 -13,650,000
2 2011 -25,000,000 0.83 -20,750,000
3 2012 -10,000,000 0.75 -7,500,000
4 2013 -10,000,000 0.68 -6,800,000
5 2014 -30,000,000 0.62 -18,600,000
6 2015 -130,762,715 0.56 -73,227,120.4
7 2016 -60,675,142 0.51 -30,944,322.4
8 2017 42,349,000 0.47 19,904,030
9 2018 200,613,000 0.42 84,257,460
10 2019 288,146,000 0.39 112,376,940
11 2020 299,528,000 0.35 104,834,800
12 2021 299,528,000 0.32 95,848,960
13 2022 299,528,000 0.29 86,863,120
14 2023 299,528,000 0.26 77,877,280
15 2024 299,528,000 0.24 71,886,720
16 2025 299,528,000 0.22 65,896,160
17 2026 299,528,000 0.20 59,905,600
18 2027 299,528,000 0.18 53,915,040
19 2028 299,528,000 0.16 47,924,480
20 2029 299,528,000 0.15 44,929,200
21 2030 299,528,000 0.14 41,933,920
22 2031 283,702,000 0.12 34,044,240
23 2032 268,688,000 0.11 29,555,680
24 2033 254,380,000 0.10 25,438,000
25 2034 238,120,000 0.09 21,430,800
26 2035 222,781,000 0.08 17,822,480
27 2036 208,418,000 0.07 14,589,260
28 2037 197,144,000 0.07 13,800,080
29 2038 186,413,000 0.06 11,184,780
30 2039 176,277,000 0.06 10,576,620
31 2040 149,828,000 0.05 7,491,400
32 2041 136,440,000 0.05 6,822,000
UCS 5,791,669,143 NPV 984,637,607
55
I = 20%, 30% & 40%

(Option 3) [1.2]^-n [1.3]^-n [1.4]^-n = NCF*DF [0.30] = [0.40] =
NCF*DF NCF*DF
-5,000,000 1.00 1.00 1.00 -5000000 -5,000,000 -5,000,000
- -
-15,000,000 0.83 0.77 0.71 -12,500,000 11,538,462 10,714,286
- -
-25,000,000 0.69 0.59 0.51 -17,361,111 14,792,899 12,755,102
-10,000,000 0.58 0.46 0.36 -5,787,037 -4,551,661 -3,644,315
-10,000,000 0.48 0.35 0.26 -4,822,531 -3,501,278 -2,603,082
-30,000,000 0.40 0.27 0.19 -12,056,327 -8,079,872 -5,578,033
- -
-130,762,715 0.33 0.21 0.13 -43,792,169 27,090,924 17,366,637
-60,675,142 0.28 0.16 0.09 -16,933,319 -9,669,574 -5,755,917
42,349,000 0.23 0.12 0.07 9,849,024 5,191,542 2,869,584
200,613,000 0.19 0.09 0.05 38,880,143 18,917,725 9,709,721
288,146,000 0.16 0.07 0.03 46,537,188 20,901,578 9,961,672
299,528,000 0.13 0.06 0.02 40,312,870 16,713,236 7,396,547
299,528,000 0.11 0.04 0.02 33,594,058 12,856,336 5,283,248
299,528,000 0.09 0.03 0.01 27,995,049 9,889,489 3,773,749
299,528,000 0.08 0.03 0.01 23,329,207 7,607,299 2,695,535
299,528,000 0.06 0.02 0.01 19,441,006 5,851,769 1,925,382
299,528,000 0.05 0.02 0.00 16,200,838 4,501,360 1,375,273
299,528,000 0.05 0.01 0.00 13,500,699 3,462,585 982,338
299,528,000 0.04 0.01 0.00 11,250,582 2,663,527 701,670
299,528,000 0.03 0.01 0.00 9,375,485 2,048,867 501,193
299,528,000 0.03 0.01 0.00 7,812,904 1,576,051 357,995
299,528,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 6,510,754 1,212,347 255,711
283,702,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 5,138,957 883,301 173,000
268,688,000 0.02 0.00 0.00 4,055,829 643,504 117,032
254,380,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 3,199,875 468,643 79,143
238,120,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 2,496,116 337,452 52,917
222,781,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,946,103 242,857 35,363
208,418,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,517,196 174,769 23,631
197,144,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,195,938 127,166 15,966
186,413,000 0.01 0.00 0.00 942,367 92,495 10,784
176,277,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 742,606 67,281 7,284
149,828,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 525,986 43,990 4,422
136,440,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 399,155 30,814 2,876
5,791,669,143 NPV = NPV = NPV =
208,497,442 32,281,313 -
24,815,060
56
NPV @ 10% NPV @ 20% NPV @ 30% NPV @ 40%
Option 1 1,045,502,607 234,824,082 46,186,066 -17,014,857
Option 2 1,028,436,607 228,828,637 43,448,818 -18,317,130
Option 3 984,637,607 208,497,442 32,281,313 -24,815,060
Graph NPV versus Percentage

1,200,000,000
1,000,000,000
Net Present Value ()$ MM
800,000,000
600,000,000 Option 1
Option 2
400,000,000
Option 3
200,000,000
0
10% 20% 30% 40%
-200,000,000
Percentage (%)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
By interpolation,
Option 1 = 37.31%
Option 2 = 37.03%
Option 3 = 35.65%
57
f. Work Program and Budget
OPTION 1
OPTION1 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Annual Oil Production 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.095 4.015 5.63
(MMBbl)
Revenue (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 59.349 217.613 305.146
Royalty (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 5.935 21.761 30.515
Cost Ceiling (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 17.805 65.284 91.544
Cost Incurred 5 15 25 10 10 25 100.763 44.175 10 10 10
Cost Bank 5 15 40 50 60 85 185.763 229.938 239.938 232.1333 176.8494
Cost Recovered 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 17.805 65.284 91.544
Unrecovered Cost 0.000 15.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 85.000 185.763 229.938 222.133 166.849 85.306
Profit 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 35.609 130.568 183.088
Contr. Profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.8047 65.2839 91.5438
Contr. Entitlement 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 35.609 130.568 183.088
OPEX 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 10 10 10
Income Before Tax 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -2.000 25.609 120.568 173.088
Capital Allowance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.1526 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876
Taxable Income 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -40.153 -20.978 73.980 126.500
Tax Paid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -16.061 - 29.59208 50.6
8.39128
Income After Tax 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 14.061 34.001 90.976 122.488
CAPEX 5 15 25 10 10 25 100.763 42.175 0 0 0
M1. Net Cash Flow After Tax -5.000 -15.000 -25.000 -10.000 -10.000 -25.000 - -28.114 34.001 90.976 122.488
100.763
Cash Out 5 15 25 10 10 25 100.763 28.11396 1.60872 39.59208 60.6
100.763
58
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.548
316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 300.702
31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 30.070
94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 90.210
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
95.3056 10.3472 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
94.958 10.347 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000
0.347 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
189.917 274.528 274.875 274.875 274.875 274.875 274.875 274.875 274.875 274.875 274.875 260.631
94.9584 137.264 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 137.4376 130.3157
189.917 147.611 147.438 147.438 147.438 147.438 147.438 147.438 147.438 147.438 147.438 140.316
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
179.917 137.611 137.438 137.438 137.438 137.438 137.438 137.438 137.438 137.438 137.438 130.316
46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876
133.329 91.024 90.850 90.850 90.850 90.850 90.850 90.850 90.850 90.850 90.850 83.728
53.33168 36.40944 36.34 36.34 36.34 36.34 36.34 36.34 36.34 36.34 36.34 33.49125
126.585 101.202 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 96.824
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
126.585 101.202 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 96.824
63.33168 46.40944 46.34 46.34 46.34 46.34 46.34 46.34 46.34 46.34 46.34 43.49125
126.585 101.202 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 101.098 96.824
59
2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 TOTAL
5.271 5.007 4.707 4.424 4.159 3.951 3.753 3.566 3.078 2.831 121.275
285.688 271.379 255.119 239.781 225.418 214.144 203.413 193.277 166.828 153.440 6573.105
28.569 27.138 25.512 23.978 22.542 21.414 20.341 19.328 16.683 15.344 657.311
85.706 81.414 76.536 71.934 67.625 64.243 61.024 57.983 50.048 46.032 1971.932
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 484.938
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 1625.275
10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 479.938
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1140.337
247.119 234.241 219.607 205.803 192.876 182.730 173.071 163.949 140.145 128.096 5435.857
123.5597 117.1207 109.8037 102.9014 96.43801 91.36489 86.53567 81.97474 70.07242 64.04809 2717.928
133.560 127.121 119.804 112.901 106.438 101.365 96.536 91.975 80.072 74.048 3197.866
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 252.000
123.560 117.121 109.804 102.901 96.438 91.365 86.536 81.975 70.072 64.048 2945.866
46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 1202.843
76.972 70.533 63.216 56.314 49.850 44.777 39.948 35.387 23.485 17.460 1743.024
30.78884 28.21325 25.28645 22.5255 19.94016 17.91092 15.97923 14.15486 9.393928 6.984196 697.209
92.771 88.907 84.517 80.376 76.498 73.454 70.556 67.820 60.678 57.064 2248.657
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 232.938
92.771 88.907 84.517 80.376 76.498 73.454 70.556 67.820 60.678 57.064 2015.719
40.78884 38.21325 35.28645 32.5255 29.94016 27.91092 25.97923 24.15486 19.39393 16.9842 1182.147
92.771 88.907 84.517 80.376 76.498 73.454 70.556 67.820 60.678 57.064 2015.719
60
OPTION 2
OPTION2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
(MMBbl)
Revenue (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 59.349 217.613 305.146
Royalty (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 5.935 21.761 30.515
Cost Incurred 5 15 25 10 10 26 103.762 45.775 13 13 13
Cost Bank 5 15 40 50 60 86 189.762 235.537 248.537 243.7323 191.4484
Cost Recovered 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 17.805 65.284 91.544
Profit 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 35.609 130.568 183.088
Contr. Profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.8047 65.2839 91.5438
OPEX 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6 13 13 13
Taxable Income 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -41.552 -24.978 69.980 122.500
Tax Paid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -16.621 -9.9912 27.99216 49.00008
Income After Tax 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 14.021 32.601 89.576 121.088
CAPEX 5 15 25 10 10 26 103.762 43.175 0 0 0
103.762
Cash Out 5 15 25 10 10 26 103.762 29.15404 3.0088 40.99216 62.00008
103.762
61
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.548
316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 300.702
31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 30.070
94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 90.210
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
112.9046 30.9462 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
94.958 30.946 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000
17.946 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
189.917 253.929 271.875 271.875 271.875 271.875 271.875 271.875 271.875 271.875 271.875 257.631
94.9584 126.9645 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 135.9376 128.8157
189.917 157.911 148.938 148.938 148.938 148.938 148.938 148.938 148.938 148.938 148.938 141.816
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
176.917 144.911 135.938 135.938 135.938 135.938 135.938 135.938 135.938 135.938 135.938 128.816
47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874
129.329 97.323 88.350 88.350 88.350 88.350 88.350 88.350 88.350 88.350 88.350 81.228
51.73176 38.92932 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 35.34008 32.49133
125.185 105.981 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 96.324
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
125.185 105.981 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 96.324
64.73176 51.92932 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 48.34008 45.49133
125.185 105.981 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 100.598 96.324
62
2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 TOTAL
5.271 5.007 4.707 4.424 4.159 3.951 3.753 3.566 3.078 2.831 121.275
285.688 271.379 255.119 239.781 225.418 214.144 203.413 193.277 166.828 153.440 6573.105
28.569 27.138 25.512 23.978 22.542 21.414 20.341 19.328 16.683 15.344 657.311
85.706 81.414 76.536 71.934 67.625 64.243 61.024 57.983 50.048 46.032 1971.932
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 565.537
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 1768.868
13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 560.537
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1203.331
244.119 231.241 216.607 202.803 189.876 179.730 170.071 160.949 137.145 125.096 5355.258
122.0597 115.6207 108.3037 101.4014 94.93801 89.86489 85.03567 80.47474 68.57242 62.54809 2677.629
135.060 128.621 121.304 114.401 107.938 102.865 98.036 93.475 81.572 75.548 3238.166
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 327.600
122.060 115.621 108.304 101.401 94.938 89.865 85.036 80.475 68.572 62.548 2910.566
47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 47.5874 1228.637
74.472 68.033 60.716 53.814 47.351 42.277 37.448 32.887 20.985 14.961 1681.928
29.78892 27.21333 24.28653 21.52558 18.94024 16.911 14.97931 13.15494 8.394008 5.984276 672.771
92.271 88.407 84.017 79.876 75.998 72.954 70.056 67.320 60.178 56.564 2237.794
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 237.937
92.271 88.407 84.017 79.876 75.998 72.954 70.056 67.320 60.178 56.564 1999.857
42.78892 40.21333 37.28653 34.52558 31.94024 29.911 27.97931 26.15494 21.39401 18.98428 1238.308
92.271 88.407 84.017 79.876 75.998 72.954 70.056 67.320 60.178 56.564 1999.857
63
OPTION 3
OPTION 3 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
(MMBbl)
Revenue (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 59.349 217.613 305.146
Royalty (MMUSD) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 5.935 21.761 30.515
Cost Incurred 5 15 25 10 10 30 130.762 60.675 17 17 17
Cost Bank 5 15 40 50 60 90 220.762 281.437 298.437 297.6323 249.3484
Cost Recovered 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 17.805 65.284 91.544
Profit 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 35.609 130.568 183.088
Contr. Profit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.8047 65.2839 91.5438
OPEX 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5 17 17 17
Taxable Income 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -48.652 -27.978 66.980 119.500
Tax Paid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -19.461 - 26.79208 47.8
11.1913
Income After Tax 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.961 29.801 86.776 118.288
CAPEX 5 15 25 10 10 30 130.762 57.175 0 0 0
130.762
Cash Out 5 15 25 10 10 30 130.762 41.21404 5.80872 43.79208 64.8
130.762
64
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.548
316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 316.528 300.702
31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 31.653 30.070
94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 94.958 90.210
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
174.8046 96.8462 18.8878 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
94.958 94.958 18.888 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000
79.846 1.888 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
189.917 189.917 265.987 267.875 267.875 267.875 267.875 267.875 267.875 267.875 267.875 253.631
94.9584 94.9584 132.9937 133.9376 133.9376 133.9376 133.9376 133.9376 133.9376 133.9376 133.9376 126.8157
189.917 189.917 151.882 150.938 150.938 150.938 150.938 150.938 150.938 150.938 150.938 143.816
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
172.917 172.917 134.882 133.938 133.938 133.938 133.938 133.938 133.938 133.938 133.938 126.816
46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876
126.329 126.329 88.294 87.350 87.350 87.350 87.350 87.350 87.350 87.350 87.350 80.228
50.53168 50.53168 35.31756 34.94 34.94 34.94 34.94 34.94 34.94 34.94 34.94 32.09125
122.385 122.385 99.564 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 94.724
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
122.385 122.385 99.564 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 94.724
67.53168 67.53168 52.31756 51.94 51.94 51.94 51.94 51.94 51.94 51.94 51.94 49.09125
122.385 122.385 99.564 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 98.998 94.724
65
2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 TOTAL
5.271 5.007 4.707 4.424 4.159 3.951 3.753 3.566 3.078 2.831 121.275
285.688 271.379 255.119 239.781 225.418 214.144 203.413 193.277 166.828 153.440 6573.105
28.569 27.138 25.512 23.978 22.542 21.414 20.341 19.328 16.683 15.344 657.311
85.706 81.414 76.536 71.934 67.625 64.243 61.024 57.983 50.048 46.032 1971.932
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 711.437
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 2221.155
17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 706.437
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1509.718
240.119 227.241 212.607 198.803 185.876 175.730 166.071 156.949 133.145 121.096 5209.358
120.0597 113.6207 106.3037 99.40136 92.93801 87.86489 83.03567 78.47474 66.57242 60.54809 2604.679
137.060 130.621 123.304 116.401 109.938 104.865 100.036 95.475 83.572 77.548 3311.116
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 428.500
120.060 113.621 106.304 99.401 92.938 87.865 83.036 78.475 66.572 60.548 2882.616
46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 46.5876 1209.842
73.472 67.033 59.716 52.814 46.350 41.277 36.448 31.887 19.985 13.960 1672.773
29.38884 26.81325 23.88645 21.1255 18.54016 16.51092 14.57923 12.75486 7.993928 5.584196 669.109
90.671 86.807 82.417 78.276 74.398 71.354 68.456 65.720 58.578 54.964 2213.506
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 282.937
90.671 86.807 82.417 78.276 74.398 71.354 68.456 65.720 58.578 54.964 1930.569
46.38884 43.81325 40.88645 38.1255 35.54016 33.51092 31.57923 29.75486 24.99393 22.5842 1380.546
90.671 86.807 82.417 78.276 74.398 71.354 68.456 65.720 58.578 54.964 1930.569
66
g. Health, Safety and Environment
Objectives
In ensuring safety effectiveness on the platform, objectives below was set up consistent to
DOSH Malaysia.
1. To identify all the factors that may cause harm to employees and others involved in
platform
2. To plan, introduce and monitor preventive measures to ensure that risks are
adequately controlled at all times.
3. To remove or reduce risks to the health, safety and welfare of all workers involved in
platform, contractors, visitors, and anyone else who may be affected during
operation.
4. To ensure all work activities are done safe and sound throughout operation.
Operational Safety Legislation and Regulation
1) NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is a global nonprofit organization,

established in 1896, devoted to eliminating death, injury, property and economic loss due to
fire, electrical and related hazards.[15]
NFPA is widely known as a codes and standards organization. The organization’s mission is
to provide information and knowledge needed to do job well in today’s ever-changing
environment. There are 300 codes and standards designed to minimize the risk and effects
of fire by establishing criteria for building, processing, design, service, and installation around
the world. Its more than 200 technical code- and standard- development committees
comprise more than 6,000 volunteers who vote on proposals and revisions in a process that
is accredited by the American National Standards Institute.[16]
 NFPA 77 helps users control the hazards associated with the generation,
accumulations, and discharge of static electricity by providing a basic understanding
of the nature of static electricity, guidelines for identifying and assessing the hazards,
techniques for controlling them by process modification and bonding and grounding,
and guidelines for controlling static electricity in selected industrial applications.[17]
 NFPA 58 is the industry benchmark for safe LP-Gas storage, handling, transportation,
and use. NFPA 58 mitigates risks and ensures safe installations, to prevent failures,
leaks, and tampering that could lead to fires and explosions.[18]
67
2) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT (OSHA 1994)
OSHA 1994 is enforced by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health(DOSH), a

government department under the Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia. The philosophy of
the act advocates three main principles of OSHA which are self-regulation, consultation and
worker cooperation and participation. primary responsibility is to ensure safety and health of
work lies with those who create the risks and those who work with the risks. Through
selfregulating scheme, this Act also aims to establish effective safety and health organization
and performance. In addition, the concept of self-regulation encourages cooperation,
consultation and participation of employees and management in efforts to upgrade the
standards of safety and health at the workplace. Basically the aims of this act are
1. To secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risk to safety
or health arising out of the activities of persons at work
2. To protect person at a place of work other than persons at work against risks to
safety or health arising out of the activities of persons at work
3. To promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to
their physiological and psychological needs
4. To provide the means whereby the associated occupational safety and health
legislation may be progressively replaced by a system of regulations and
approved industry codes of practice operation in combination with the provisions
of this act designed to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health[19]
3) PETROLEUM (SAFETY MEASURES) ACT 1984
The Petroleum (Safety Measures) Act 1984(Act 302) is applicable to transportation, and
storage and utilization of petroleum with regard to safety matters. Modes of transportation
of petroleum prescribed by the act are water, road, railway and pipelines. The
enforcement of the act is carried out by several government agencies. Sections 16 and
17 under the act, which are provisions relating to transportation of petroleum using
pipelines are enforced by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) of
the Ministry of Human Resources (MOHR). Licences for transportation and storage of
petroleum are issued by the Ministry of Domestic Trade, Co-operatives and
Consumerism (MDTCC). However, safety matters in the transportation of gas by
pipelines for the purpose of supplying it to consumers are governed by the Gas Supply
Act 1993.[20]
68
4) FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1964
The Factory and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139) is a piece of Malaysian legislation which was
enacted in 1967 as Act No. 64 of 1967 and revised on April 1, 1974 as Laws of Malaysia Act
139. The Act was gazette on February 1, 1970. The principle of the act is "An Act to provide
for the control of factories with respect to matters relating to the safety, health and welfare of
person therein, the registration and inspection of the machinery and for matters connected
therewith". The jurisdiction of the Act only covers lest than 20 percent of all working areas in
Malaysia, the Malaysia government has enacted the Occupational Safety and Health Act
1994 which covers almost all areas of work within Malaysia.[21]
Table 7: Regulations for upstream activities in oil and gas industry
VALUE CHAIN FEDERAL REGULATION STATE REGULATION LOCAL GOVERNMENT

REGULATION
EXPLORATION Petroleum
Development Act 1974
survey and data (Act 144)
collection
expolatory drilling Petroleum Regulations
labour/workforce 1974
Petroleum Mining Act

1966 (Act 95)
Continental Shelf Act

1966 (Act 83)
Environmental Quality
Act 1974 (Act 127)
Occupational Safety
and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)
Customs Act 1967 (Act

235)
Immigration Act 1959
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
69
Minimum Wages Order
2012
Workmen’s
Compansation Act
1952
DEVELOPMENT Petroleum National Land Code Local Government Act
Development Act 1974 1965 1976 (Act 171)
drilling of well (Act 144)
Town and Country
construction of Petroleum Regulations Planning Act 1976 (Act
offshore infrastructure 1974 172)
(platform)
Petroleum Mining Act The Street, Drainage
construction of 1966 (Act 95) and Building Act 1974
onshore infrastructure/ (Act 133)
facility (storage) Continental Shelf Act
1966 (Act 83)
construction of
offshore to onshore Environmental Quality
pipelines Act 1974 (Act 127)
labour/workforce Occupational Safety

and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)
Fire Services Act 1988

Petroleum (Safety
Measures) Act 1984
Petroleum (Safety
Measures)
(Transportation of
Petroleum by
Pipelines) Regulations
1985
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
70
Minimum Wages Order
2012
Workmen‟s
Compensation Act
1952
PRODUCTION Petroleum
Development Act 1974
production activity (Act 144)
utilization of Petroleum Regulations

equipment/appliances 1974
in connection with
transportation, storage Petroleum Mining Act
and handling of 1966 (Act 95)
petroleum
Continental Shelf Act
transportation of 1966 (Act 83)
petroleum by water
transportation of Environmental Quality
petroleum by pipelines Act 1974 (Act 127)
storage and handling Environmental Quality

of petroleum Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
wastes management 2005
labour/workforce Occupational Safety

and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)
Petroleum (Safety
Measures) Act 1984
(Utilization of
Equipment/
Appliances)
Regulations
(Transportation of
Petroleum by Water)
Regulations 1985
71
(Transportation of
Petroleum by
Pipelines) Regulations
1985
(Storage and Handling
of Petroleum)
Regulations
27
Merchant Shipping
Ordinance 1952
Excise Act 1967 (Act

176)
Petroleum (Income
Tax) Act 1967 (Act 543)
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen‟s
Compensation Act
1952
Table 8: Regulations for downstream activities in oil industry

REGULATION
TRANSPORTATION Petroleum (Safety National Land Code Government Act 1976
Measures) Act 1984 1965 (Act 56) (Act 171)
utilization of (Utilization of
equipment/appliances Equipment/ Town and Country
in connection with Appliances) Planning Act 1976 (Act
transportation of Regulations 172)
petroleum (Transportation of
Petroleum by Water) The Street, Drainage
transportation of Regulations 1985 and Building Act 1974
petroleum by water (Transportation of (Act 133)
Petroleum by Pipelines)
transportation of Regulations 1985
petroleum by pipelines (Transportation of
Petroleum by Road)
transportation of Regulations
72
petroleum by road (Transportation of
Petroleum by Railway)
transportation of Regulations
petroleum by railway
Merchant Shipping
wastes management Ordinance 1952
oil spillage
management Land Public Transport
Act 2010 (Act 715)
labour/workforce
Road Transport Act
1987 (Act 333)
Act 1974
Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
2005
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
Compensation Act
1952
REFINEMENT Petroleum National Land Code Local Government Act

construction of (Act 144)
refinery Petroleum Regulations Town and Country
1974 Planning Act 1976 (Act
refining activity 172)
Industrial Co-
wastes management ordination Act 1975 The Street, Drainage
(Act 156) and Building Act 1974
labour/workforce (Act 133)
Act 1974 (Act 127)
Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
2005
Occupational Safety
73
and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)

176)
Petroleum (Income
Tax) Act 1967 (Act 543)
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
Compensation Act 152
STORAGE Petroleum (Safety National Land Code Local Government Act
Measures) Act 1984 1965 1976 (Act 171)
construction of storage (Utilization of
facility Equipment/ Town and Country
Appliances) Planning Act 1976 (Act
utilization of Regulations 172)
equipment/appliances (Storage and Handling
in connection with of Petroleum) The Street, Drainage
storage of petroleum Regulations and Building Act 1974
(Act 133)
storage and handling Environmental Quality
of refined petroleum Act 1974 (Act 127)
products
Occupational Safety
labour/workforce and Health Act 1994
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)
74
235)
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
Table 9: Regulations for downstream activities in gas industry

REGULATION
PROCESSING Petroleum National Land Code Local Government Act
construction of (Act 144)
processing plant Petroleum Regulations Town and Country
1974 Planning Act 1976 (Act
processing activity 172)
Industrial Co-
wastes management ordination Act 1975 The Street, Drainage
(Act 156) and Building Act 1974
Act 1974 (Act 127)
Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
2005
Occupational Safety
and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)
75
176)
Petroleum (Income
Tax) Act 1967 (Act 543)
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
LIQUEFACTION Petroleum National Land Code Local Government Act
construction of (Act 144) Town and Country
liquefaction plant Petroleum Regulations Planning Act 1976 (Act
1974 172)
liquefaction activity The Street, Drainage
Industrial Co- and Building Act 1974
wastes management ordination Act 1975 (Act 133
(Act 156)
labour/workforce
Act 1974 (Act 127)
Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
2005
Occupational Safety
and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)

176)
Petroleum (Income
76
Tax) Act 1967 (Act 543)
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
REGASIFICATION Petroleum National Land Code Local Government Act
construction of (Act 144) Town and Country
regasification plant Petroleum Regulations Planning Act 1976 (Act
1974 172)
regasification activity The Street, Drainage
Industrial Co- and Building Act 1974
wastes management ordination Act 1975 (Act 133)
(Act 156)
labour/workforce
Act 1974 (Act 127)
Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
2005
Occupational Safety
and Health Act 1993
(Act 514)
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)

176)
Petroleum (Income
Tax) Act 1967 (Act 543)
77
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
STORAGE Petroleum (Safety National Land Code Local Government Act
Measures) Act 1984 1965 1976 (Act 171)
construction of storage (Utilization of Town and Country
facility Equipment/ Planning Act 1976 (Act
Appliances) 172)
utilization of Regulations The Street, Drainage
equipment/appliances (Storage and Handling and Building Act 1974
in connection with of Petroleum) (Act 133)
Regulations
storage and handling
of gas Environmental Quality
Act 1974 (Act 127)
storage and handling
of gas Occupational Safety
and Health Act 1993
Factories and
Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139)

235)
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
Compensation Act
1952
78
TRANSPORTATION Petroleum (Safety National Land Code Local Government Act
Measures) Act 1984 1965 1976 (Act 171)
utilization of (Utilization of
equipment/appliances Equipment/ Town and Country
in connection with Appliances) Planning Act 1976 (Act
transportation of gas Regulations 172)
(Transportation of
transportation of gas Petroleum by Water) The Street, Drainage
by water Regulations 1985 and Building Act 1974
(Transportation of (Act 133)
transportation of gas Petroleum by Pipelines)
by pipelines Regulations 1985
(Transportation of
transportation of gas Petroleum by Road)
by road Regulations
wastes management Merchant Shipping

spillage/ leakage Ordinance 1952
management
Land Public Transport
labour/workforce Act 2010 (Act 715)
Road Transport Act

1987 (Act 333)
Act 1974
Act (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations
2005
Employment Act 1955
Minimum Retirement
Age Act 2012
Minimum Wages Order

2012
Workmen’s
SUPPLY OF GAS TO Gas Supply Act 1993 National Land Code Local Government Act
CUSTOMERS THROUGH (Act 501) 1965 1976 (Act 171)
PIPELINES
Environmental Quality Town and Country
pipeline works Act 1974 (Act 127) Planning Act 1976 (Act
172)
installation/utilization Immigration Act 1959
79
of The Street, Drainage
equipment/appliances Employment Act 1955 and Building Act 1974
(Act 133)
delivery, Minimum Retirement
transportation, Age Act 2012
distribution of gas by
pipelines Minimum Wages Order
2012
labour/workforce
Workmen’s
Safety Features
1) Fire Sprinkler System
A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water

supply system, providing adequate pressure and flowrate to a water distribution piping
system, onto which fire sprinklers are connected.[22]
2) Deluge System
"Deluge" systems are systems in which all sprinklers connected to the water piping
system are open, in that the heat sensing operating element is removed, or specifically
designed as such. These systems are used for special hazards where rapid fire spread is a
concern, as they provide a simultaneous application of water over the entire hazard. They
are sometimes installed in personnel egress paths or building openings to slow travel of fire
(e.g. openings in a fire-rated wall). Operation - Activation of a fire alarm initiating device, or a
manual pull station, signals the fire alarm panel, which in turn signals the deluge valve to
open, allowing water to enter the piping system. Water flows from all sprinklers
simultaneously.[23]
3) Emergency Lighting
The purpose of the emergency lighting system is to provide illumination along crucial
areas such as walkways, stairways, exits and TEMPSC embarkation stations to allow escape
and evacuation. Fixed emergency lighting shall be installed at strategic locations including
control rooms, switchgear room, instrument electrical room, living quarters and areas where
required for safety reasons. The escape luminaires shall generally be part of the emergency
luminaire installation, but the luminaires shall have integral batteries rated to maintain the
lighting for at least 3 hours.[24]
80
4) Emergency Power Supply
The Emergency Power System comprises the essential/ backup power supply and
critical power supply. Essential/ backup power supply ensures that power supply is still
available to essential users which consist of life support systems critical to the safety of
personnel and equipment and those required for safe and controlled shutdown as well as
black start of facilities when normal power supply is unavailable.[25]
5) Emergency Communication System
The purpose of emergency communication is to allow relay of information to

personnel during an emergency, enable emergency evacuation procedures to be initiated,
and provide means of communication to other parties such as shore, GP vessels, helicopter,
etc. The design of the telecommunications system is to provide inter-field communications as
well as in-field communications for the platforms.
6) Personal Protective Equipment
Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as "PPE", is equipment worn

to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses. These
injuries and illnesses may result from contact with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical,
mechanical, or other workplace hazards. Personal protective equipment may include items
such as gloves, safety glasses and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard hats, respirators, or
coveralls, vests and full body suits. Personal protective equipment is addressed in OSHA
standards for Construction, General Industry, Shipyard Employment, Marine Terminals, and
Longshoring. OSHA requires that many categories of personal protective equipment meet or
be equivalent to standards developed by the American National Standards Institute
(ANSI).[26]
81
5) RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
REVENUE (USD) TOTAL COST (USD) CUM NCF (USD)

Option 1 6,573,107,000 484,937,857 6,088,169,143
Option 2 6,573,107,000 565,537,857 6,007,569,143
Option 3 6,573,107,000 711,437,857 5,791,669,143
The reason to have three options are to decide which one can have maximum recovery with
minimize cost. It will increase the profit gain with lower cost without sacrifice safety features.
Table above shows the revenue, total cost and cumulative net cash flow for each of the
option. The revenue for all options are same. It is because total production for each of the
option remain unchanged. The difference between the options are at their transportation and
supporting structure. Both of these does not related to the production facilities that increase
the recovery rates. For transportation, the option are whether via pipeline or tanker. For
supporting structures, the option are whether by using FSO or not. These differences can be
seen at the total cost of each of the option.
It is easy to know what the difference between the options. For option 1, it uses CPP with
FSO. For option 2, it uses CPP with pipeline while for option 3, it uses CPP with FSO and
Acid Gas Removal Unit. For total cost, we can see that option 3 has the highest cost
compared to option 1 and 2. It is because option 3 used AGRU that cost $50 million. The
operating and maintenance cost of the AGRU also has been added to OPEX that increase
the total cost of option 3. Without AGRU in option 3, it supposed to have same total cost with
option 1 since both option 1 and 3 use FSO. For option 2, the reason it has slightly higher
total cost compared to option 1 is because it uses pipeline that cost $8 million. The
maintenance cost for pipeline are high since the pipeline is 100km long. Maintenance for
pipeline such as check the thickness of the pipe, observe for external and internal corrosion
are compulsory to avoid problems that could lead to loss of production. For option 1, FSO
only cost $3 million. The operating and maintenance cost for FSO is not costly compared to
pipeline and AGRU. So, the option 1 has the lowest total cost compared to the other options.
82
6) CONCLUSION
As for conclusion, option 1 will be chosen as it has maximum recovery with minimize cost.
The objective of this project has been achieved through option 1. Option 1 is using CPP
together with FSO. The CPP has equipment that is used for main process on platform which
is separation. The other equipment are scrubber, compressor, pump, water treating facilities,
injection system, dehydration unit, power generation and living quarters. This is only a basic
equipment to make the process on CPP run smoothly. As for FSO, it only serve as floating
storage to increase the storage capacity of this platform and it will transfer the hydrocarbon
to terminal by using tanker. FSO has lower initial, operating and maintenance cost
throughout the project. So, it is right decision to choose option 1 that is using FSO instead of
pipeline.
83
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6. Incremental quotation by Laramie Energy for directional well cost in Piceance -
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protection-association-nfpa?Itemid=0
84
17. About NFPA. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2016, from http://www.nfpa.org/codes-
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standards?mode=code&code=58
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http://www.coastalfire.website/fire-sprinkler-system
24. Emergency Lighting. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2016, from
http://www.firesafe.org.uk/emergency-lighting/
25. NFPA 110 standard for emergency and standby power systems. (2010). Quincy, MA:
National Fire Protection Association.
26. Personal Protective Equipment. (n.d.). Retrieved December 17, 2016, from
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/personalprotectiveequipment/
85
8) APPENDIX
Piping system around Brunei
86

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FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

MINI PROJECT REPORT

AMIRA BINTI KORMAIN 2014851022

FARHAN HAIRI BIN KASSIM 2014204678

FAUZAN NAJIHAH BINTI MOHD FAUZI 2014422506

RAJA FADHLUL WAFI BIN RAJA IDRIS 2014282458

MR. FAZRIL IRFAN

5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 82

Figure 1 : Location of Champion field

Figure 2: Champion field geological and seismic cross-sections

Table 1: Properties of C-11 Rx 2.80

Figure 3: Plan View of C-11 Rx 2.80

Reservoirs are heterogeneous, consisting of mainly fine grained shallow marine to

POSITION SCOPE OF WORKS

Stock Tank Oil Initially in Place : 300 MMstb

Estimated Oil Recovery Factor : 40%

Expected Oil Recovery : 120 MMstb

Well Deliverability Per Well : 2000 bbl/d

Number of Wells : 8 production wells

Recovery Technique : Primary

Secondary (Water Injection and Gas Injection)

Filed Life Expectancy : 25 years

Maximum Production : 5.84 MMbbl/year

Figure 6: Production Forecast of C11-Rx 2.80

Figure 7: Top view of C11-Rx 2.80

Type of rig : Jackup Rig (250’ IC)

Drilling mud type : Water-Based Mud

Number of Wells : 8 production wells

Rig Rental Rate : $ 165 000/d [3]

Rig Operating Rate : $ 71 000/d [4]

Vertical Well Cost

Cost per Foot : $690 [5]

Cost per Well : $5 402 700

Total vertical well cost : $ 21 610 800

Deviated Well Cost

Cost Incremental : 16% of vertical well cost [6]

Cost per well : $6 276 132

Total directional well cost : $50 137 06

Total Drilling and Completion Cost : $71 747 857

 It can work over a platform

Figure 8: Jack up Rig Independent Leg with Cantilever

Drilling mud type

1. 20" Conductor casing.

13 3/8" SURFACE CASING

9 5/8" INTERMEDIATE CASING

7" PRODUCTION CASING

Table 3: Summary of Drilling Schedule

Table 4: Time estimates

Table 6: Function for each of equipments

a) Option I (CPP + FSO)

Figure 12: Process flow diagram on CPP for Option 1

Topside view for Option 1

Figure 13: Process flow diagram on CPP for Option 2

Topside view for Option 2

Figure 14: Process flow diagram on CPP for Option 3

Topside view for Option 3

No Equipment Quantity Type Justification

 To reduce space requirement on the platform.

 High efficiency (greater than 5 microns).

 To give energy to gas.

 Provide heating, venting and air-conditioning to the platform.

 To make seawater drinkable.

 Use for controlling the growth of marine organisms in industrial cooling

 SCADA monitor, gather and process data.