Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Guido Raimondi
Head of Steam Turbine
Thermodynamics Design
STEAM TURBINES
New equipment
Product development
Repowering Concept
Retrofit and modernization
Application examples
2
Steam Turbine Technology Evolution
De Pretto Zamech
Fuji
Hitachi
Ansaldo
1998 1999
Toshiba J ESG
Hitachi J Fuji J Ansaldo I
1) Industrial Turbines
2) Impulse on Nuclear Turbines
3
STEAM TURBINES
New equipment
Product development
Repowering Concept
4
Ansaldo Energia Steam Turbines
Product Range
INDUSTRIAL TURBINES
- Steam Cycle CT, IT
- Combined Heat and Power
- Combined Cycle 20 100
- Steam Cycle
RT (3-4cylinders)
- Combined Cyle
- Combined Heat and Power
AIR COOLED
- Steam Turbines
- Gas Turbines
up to 300 MVA
- Geothermal Turbines
HYDROGEN COOLED 14 21
10 11 12 13
6
up to 600 MVA
5
4
1 3 7
2 22
- Steam Turbines
8 15
16 16
23
17
17
- Gas Turbines 18 18 24
20
19
HYDROGEN/WATER COOLED
- Steam Turbines
Up to 900 MVA
Rating ( MVA )
6
Ansaldo Steam Turbines
RT50S
RT40S
RT30C
MT15C
7
Ansaldo Energia Steam Turbines
Main Features
Reaction
ReactionTechnology
Technology
No
Nopiston
piston Free-standing
Free-standing
cooling
coolingsteam
steam LSB
LSB
HP
HPshrink
shrinkrings
rings
Welded
Weldedrotors
rotors One-piece
One-piece
3D
3Dblades
blades
Valves
Valvesdirectly
directlyconnected
connected
RT TURBINES – tandem compound double flow
8
Ansaldo Energia Steam Turbines
Standard LP Sections
9
Back-Pressure Steam Turbine
for Heat and Power
MTG20
PERFORMANCE DATA
DESIGN FEATURES
10
Controlled extraction, condensing Steam
Turbine for C.C. and Desalination Plant
MTG20-C Controlled
Controlledextraction
extraction
Single
Singleflow
flowaxial
axialexhaust
exhaust
PERFORMANCE DATA
DESIGN FEATURES
11
No Reheat Steam Turbine
for Combined Cycle
MT10c
PERFORMANCE DATA
1 + 1 ( 50 Hz ) Configuration
2 + 1 ( 50 Hz ) Configuration
DESIGN TOPICS
12
Reheat Steam Turbine
for Combined Cycle
MT15c
MT10c
PERFORMANCE DATA
1 + 1 ( 50 Hz, 60 Hz ) Configuration
( GT 180 / 260 MW )
Full arc admission for improved operation Axial exhaust for low profile plants
Shipped assembled for fast installation Welded rotor for material optimization
LSB 60 Hz 36”
13
Reheat Steam Turbine
for Fossil fired Power Plants (1/2)
PERFORMANCE DATA
RT40s
Output range: 250-450 MW
Separated HP section for high efficiency Separated IP section for high efficiency Double flow design
Full arc admission or control stage Double casing design Bearing pedestals connected directly
admission for high efficiency to turbine foundation
at partial load Two combined reheat valves Cast inner casing with 360 ° inlet scroll
to optimize steam flow
Welded rotor solution for material
Welded rotor solution for material
optimization Modular design for optimized performance
optimization
Two stop / control valve assembly - LSB 50 Hz : 33” , 43”
Shipped assembled for fast installation - LSB 60 Hz : 36”
Shipped assembled for fast installation
14
Reheat Steam Turbine
for Fossil fired Power Plants (2/2)
PERFORMANCE DATA
RT60s
Output range: 400-700 MW
15
Ansaldo Steam Turbines
Experience List
16
Cooperation and Technology Transfer
Agreement between ABB/Alstom and AEN
• Validity: 1989-2003
• Products
– Steam Turbines > 25 MW
– Generators > 10 MVA
(designed according to ABB/Alstom-CH technology)
• Know-how
– Ansaldo had full access to ABB/Alstom-CH technology relating
to Design, Manufacture, Quality Control, R&D, Erection,
Commissioning
• After Termination Ansaldo has the right to
– Continue to use ABB/Alstom-CH technology on new units and
for retrofit/modification of old units, including BBC/ABB fleet
– Subcontract components manufacturing to third parties
– Grant licenses to third parties
17
STEAM TURBINES
New equipment
Product development
Repowering Concept
18
Efficiency Improvement
Advanced New Blading Design
TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
ON BLADING SURFACE
BLADING DEVELOPMENT
FOR ULTRA SUPERCRITICAL
APPLICATIONS
19
Efficiency Improvement
48” Last Stage Bucket Design
20
STEAM TURBINES
New equipment
Product development
Repowering Concept
21
Repowering
From open cycle to Combined Cycle
• In open cycle GT is alone, the high temperature combustion gases are
exhausted to atmosphere;
atmosphere; more than 61% of available energy in the fuel is lost.
lost.
• The high energy content
in exhaust gases can be
used to produce high
temperature steam by
HRSG 19%
• Transformation of an
open cycle in a
combined cycle
reduces the lost energy
to less than 44 %
• The Net Efficiency of a
combined cycle is higher than:
than: 56 %
10%
22
Steam Cycle Unit
mcond=70%
Condenser
Steam
Generator
Feedwatwer cycle
23
Repowering
From Steam Cycle to Combined Cycle
Conversion of a conventional unit in C.C. (1+1 configuration)
1 - Steam Generator is replaced by mHRH=55%
GT and HRSG, Feedwater
cycle is removed mSH=40%
4 - Deaerator is new
5 - Piping is new
10%
In combined cycle,
cycle, the Net Efficiency is higher than 56 %
24
STEAM TURBINES
New equipment
Product development
Repowering Concept
25
Steam Turbine Technology Evolution
De Pretto Zamech
Fuji
Hitachi
Ansaldo
1998 1999
Toshiba J ESG
Hitachi J Fuji J Ansaldo I
1) Industrial Turbines
2) Impulse on Nuclear Turbines
26
Ansaldo Steam Turbine Technologies
General
GeneralElectric
Electric BBC
BBC //ABB
ABB//Alstom
Alstom Westinghouse
Westinghouse
ESG
ESG
Ansaldo Componenti Franco
FrancoTosi
Tosi
AnsaldoEnergia
AnsaldoEnergia
27
Steam Turbines Retrofit and Rehabilitation
GE USA
IMPULSE
Toshiba J
Hitachi J
Westinghouse USA
REACTION
Mitsubishi J
ABB-Alstom F
REACTION
BBC CH
CEM F
28
Retrofit
29
Retrofit solutions
30
Retrofit technologies
• Two technologies
– reaction type blading (drum construction)
– impulse type (disc and diaphragm construction)
• Ansaldo has developed updates for both technologies and
selected the most cost-effective retrofit solution
• This means that machines originally designed for impulse
operation can be totally or partially retrofitted with impulse or
reaction design and viceversa
31
Retrofit process
32
Updated technology
33
STEAM TURBINES
New equipment
Product development
Repowering Concept
34
Chivasso 2
Scope of supply
Complete replacement of the old HP-IP section (impulse
design) with a new HP-IP turbine (reaction design)
connected to the existing LP section.
Effects
• Nominal rating: 129.5 MW.
• High temperature inlet 565°C/565°C.
35
Porto Corsini 3 – 4
BB070
Scope of supply
A complete new 33” LP inner block with larger exhaust
area in the existing LP outer casing.
Effects
• Nominal rating: 124.5 MW.
• Gain of 5.6 MW in power output with reference to the
original design.
36
Torre Valdaliga Sud 2
2x33.5”
Scope of supply
A complete new 43” LP inner block with larger exhaust
area in the existing LP outer casing.
Effects
• Nominal rating: 267 MW.
• Gain of 8 MW in power output with reference to the
original deisgn.
37
Fusina 3 – 4
Scope of supply
A complete new 43” LP inner block (new steam path,
rotor, inner casing) with larger exhaust area in the
existing LP outer casing.
Effects
• Nominal rating: 337.5 MW.
• Gain of 8 MW in power output with reference to the
original design.
38
Ansaldo Steam Turbine Retrofits
Experience List
Order
Order Start-up
Start-up Country
Country Plant
Plant Manifacturer
Manifacturer( (OEM
OEM) ) Units
Units/ /MW
MW Scope
ScopeofofSupply
Supply
year
year year
year
1990
1990 1994
1994 Greece
Greece LAVRION
LAVRION General
GeneralElectric
Electric 11 xx 66.5
66.5 --New
New HP
HPRotor
Rotorand
and diaphragms
diaphragms
--New LP Rotor and diaphragms
New LP Rotor and diaphragms
1990
1990 1994
1994 Argentina
Argentina COSTANERA
COSTANERA British
BritishThompson-Houston
Thompson-Houston 44 xx 120
120 --New
New HP
HPRotor
Rotorand
and diaphragms
diaphragms
--New
New IP
IPRotor
Rotorand
and diaphragms
diaphragms
--New
New LP
LPRotor
Rotorand
and diaphragms
diaphragms
1990
1990 2002
2002 Italy
Italy PIETRAFITTA
PIETRAFITTA F.T.
F.T./ /Westinghouse
Westinghouse 22 xx 60
60 --New
New1°HP
1°HPnozzle
nozzlestage
stage
1998
1998 2000
2000 Italy
Italy LA
LASPEZIA
SPEZIA1-2
1-2 F.T.
F.T.//Westinghouse
Westinghouse 22 xx 120
120 --New
NewHP-IP
HP-IPsection
section
--New
New LP laststage
LP last stageblading
blading
1999
1999 2001
2001 Italy
Italy CASSANO
CASSANOD’ADDA
D’ADDA11 Ansaldo
Ansaldo 11 xx 80
80 --New
NewHP-IP
HP-IProtor
rotorand
anddiaphragms
diaphragms
--New LP rotor and diaphragms
New LP rotor and diaphragms
2000
2000 2001
2001 Italy
Italy LA
LACASELLA
CASELLA1-4
1-4 F.T.
F.T./ /Westinghouse
Westinghouse 44 xx 120
120 --New
NewHP
HPblading
blading
2001
2001 2002
2002 Italy
Italy PORTO
PORTOCORSINI
CORSINI F.T.
F.T./ /Westinghouse
Westinghouse 22 xx 123
123 --New
NewLP
LPinner
innerblock
block
2002
2002 2003
2003 Italy
Italy CHIVASSO
CHIVASSO22 Ansaldo
Ansaldo 11 xx 130
130 --New
NewHP-IP
HP-IPsection
section
2002
2002 2003
2003 Italy
Italy PRIOLO
PRIOLOGARGALLO
GARGALLO1-2
1-2 F.T.
F.T./ /Westinghouse
Westinghouse 22 xx 120
120 --New
NewHP
HPblading
blading
2002
2002 2003
2003 Italy
Italy TORREVALDALIGA
TORREVALDALIGASUD
SUD22 Ansaldo
Ansaldo 11 xx 267
267 --New
NewLP
LPinner
innerblock
block
2006
2006 2007
2007 Italy
Italy FUSINA
FUSINA3-4
3-4 F.T.
F.T./ /Westinghouse
Westinghouse 22xx350
350 New
NewLP
LPinner
innerblock
block
39
Steam Turbines
Jeddah Roadshow, 22 July 2006
Guido Raimondi
Head of ST Thermodynamics Design