ABUTMENT DESIGN

DESIGN OF ABUTMENT

Name of project : ABUTMENT FOR CAUSEWAY

DESIGN DATA : Units

1 Foundation level 95.00 M

2 Junction level of the abutment with concrete 95.50 M

3 Seating Level 99.575 M

4 Roadway level and top of abutment 100.00 M

5 D/S Slope Level 100.00 M

6 Pond level 100.00 M

7 U/S Slope (H/V) 1/10

8 D/S Slope (H/V) 0.60

9 Width at Seating 0.50 M

10 Top width of abutment 0.80 M

11 Foundation concrete offsets U/S 0.50 M

D/S 0.50 M

12 Braking force 4.50 t

13 Surcharge Intensity 0.000 Ton/Sq m

14 Vertical reaction of bridge,gates,operating platform etc. 5.20 t/m

15 Angle of internal friction ( f ) 30.00 Degree

16 Unit weight of Masonry 1.90 Ton/Cu m

17 Unit weight of dry earth 1.60 Ton/Cu m

18 Unit weight of wet earth 1.75 Ton/Cu m

19 Unit weight of saturated earth 2.00 Ton/Cu m

20 Unit weight of foundation concrete 2.25 Ton/Cu m

21 Bearing Capacity of soil 20.00 Ton/Sq m

22 Coeff of friction between concrete and masonry 0.65

23 Max. allowable compressive stress in masonry 100.00 Ton/Sq m

24 Max. allowable tensile stress in masonry 10.00 Ton/Sq m

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 ABUTMENT DESIGN

ABUTMENT SECTION AT JUNCTION LEVEL

L.L. SURCHARGE @ 0.000 t/m2

10
0.80 L.L. SURCHARGE
R.L. 100.00

5 5.2 t R.L. 100.000

R.L. 99.575 4.5 t
8
17 7

12
R.L. 100.00

9 16

1 2 3 4
13

14 15
R.L. 95.50
0.41 0.50 0.80 2.70

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM

4.41

11 4.5

UPLIFT PRESSURE DIAGRAM

2
 ABUTMENT DESIGN

(i) Checking the stability of abutment section at the junction level i.e.at R.L. 95.50
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL FORCES

S.No. Item Description Forces (t) Lever arm Moments in t-m

Vertical Horizontal (m) VM HM
(A) Vertical forces

1 Self weight of Abutment

1 1/2 X 4.08 X 0.41 X 1.90 1.578 0.272 0.429
2 4.08 X 0.50 X 1.90 3.871 0.658 2.545
3 4.50 X 0.80 X 1.90 6.840 1.308 8.943
4 1/2 X 4.50 X 2.70 X 1.90 11.543 2.608 30.097

2 Load due to bridge,gates etc.

5 1.00 X 5.20 5.200 0.658 3.419

3 Vertical weight due to earth retained on backfill

6 2.70 X 0.00 X 1.75 0.000 3.058 0.000
7 2.70 X 0.00 X 1.75 0.000 3.058 0.000
8 1/2 X 0.00 X 0.00 X 1.75 0.000 1.708 0.000
9 1/2 X 2.70 X 4.50 X 2.00 12.150 3.508 42.616

4 Vertical load due to surcharge

10 2.70 X 0.000 0.000 3.058 0.000

5 Uplift Pressure
11 1/2 X 4.50 X 4.408 X 1.00 -9.917 2.938 -29.139

(B) Horizontal forces

1 Wet earth pressure

12 1/2 X 0.33 X 1.75 X 0 0.000 4.500 0.000
13 0.33 X 1.75 X 0.00 X 4.50 0.000 2.250 0.000

2 Saturated earth pressure

14 1/2 X 0.33 X 1.00 X 20.25 3.375 1.500 5.063
15 1/2 X 1.00 X 1.00 X 20.25 10.125 1.500 15.188

3 Live load surcharge

16 0.000 X 4.50 0.000 2.250 0.000

4 Braking force
17 4.500 4.08 18.338
SV= SH= S VM = S HM =
Total =
31.264 18.000 58.910 38.588

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 ABUTMENT DESIGN

Net stabilizing moments = S VM - S HM

SM= 58.910 - 38.588
SM= 20.323
SM 20.323
b = 4.41 , X = -------- = ----------- = 0.650
SV 31.26441
e = b/2 - X
= 1.554
Vertical stresses at Heel = SV/b(1-6e/b) = -7.910 t/m2 < 10.00 t/m2
safe
Vertical stresses at Toe = SV/b(1+6e/b) = 22.097 t/m2 < 100.00 t/m2
safe
SH 18.000
Sliding factor = = = 0.576 < 0.65
SV 31.264
Hence safe
Factor of safety in overturning

S VM 58.91
= S H = 38.588 = 1.53 > 1.5
M
Hence safe

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 ABUTMENT DESIGN

ABUTMENT SECTION AT FOUNDATION LEVEL

L.L. SURCHARGE @ 0.000 t/m2

13
0.80 L.L. SURCHARGE
R.L. 100.00

6 5.20 R.L. 100.00

4.50 10
R.L. 99.58
9
20 8

R.L. 100.00 15

11 19
12

1 2 3 4
16

17 18
R.L. 95.50

0.50 5

0.50 0.41 0.50 0.80 2.70 0.50 EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM

5.41

14
5.00

UPLIFT PRESSURE DIAGRAM

5
 ABUTMENT DESIGN

(i) Checking the stability of abutment section at foundation level i.e.at R.L. 95.00
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL FORCES

S.No. Item Description Forces (t) Lever arm Moments in t-m

Vertical Horizontal (m) VM HM
(A) Vertical forces

1 Self weight of Abutment

1 1/2 X 4.08 X 0.41 X 1.90 1.578 0.772 1.217
2 4.08 X 0.50 X 1.90 3.871 1.158 4.481
3 4.50 X 0.80 X 1.90 6.840 1.808 12.363
4 1/2 X 4.50 X 2.70 X 1.90 11.543 3.108 35.868
2 Foundation concrete
5 5.41 X 0.50 X 2.25 6.083 2.704 16.448
3 Load due to bridge,gates etc.
6 1.00 X 5.20 5.20 1.158 6.019

4 Vertical weight due to earth retained on backfill

7 2.70 X 0.00 X 1.75 0.000 3.558 0.000
8 2.70 X 0.00 X 1.75 0.000 3.558 0.000
9 1/2 X 0.00 X 0.00 X 1.75 0.000 2.208 0.000
10 0.00 X 0.50 X 1.75 0.000 5.16 0.000
11 1/2 X 2.70 X 4.50 X 2.00 12.150 4.008 48.691
12 4.50 X 0.50 X 2.00 4.500 5.16 23.209

5 Vertical load due to surcharge

13 3.20 X 0.000 0.000 3.558 0.000

6 Uplift Pressure
14 1/2 X 5.00 X 5.408 X 1.00 -13.519 3.605 -48.735

(B) Horizontal forces

1 Wet earth pressure

15 1/2 X 0.33 X 1.75 X 0 0.000 5.000 0.000
16 0.33 X 1.75 X 0.00 X 5.00 0.000 2.500 0.000

2 Saturated earth pressure

17 1/2 X 0.33 X 1.00 X 25.00 4.167 1.667 6.944
18 1/2 X 1.00 X 1.00 X 25.00 12.500 1.667 20.833

3 Live load surcharge

19 0.000 X 5.00 0.000 2.500 0.000

4 Braking force
20 4.500 4.58 20.588
SV= SH= S VM = S HM =
Total =
38.246 21.167 99.562 48.365

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 ABUTMENT DESIGN

Net stabilizing moments = S VM - S HM

SM= 99.562 - 48.365
SM= 51.197
SM 51.197
b = 5.41 , X = -------- = ----------- = 1.339
SV 38.24597

e = b/2 - X
= 1.365

Vertical stresses at Heel = SV/b(1-6e/b) = -3.640 t/m2 < 10.00 t/m2

safe
Vertical stresses at Toe = SV/b(1+6e/b) = 17.786 t/m2 < 100.00 t/m2
safe
SH 21.167
Sliding factor = = = 0.553 < 0.65
SV 38.246
Hence safe
Factor of safety in overturning

S VM 99.56
= = = 2.06 > 1.5
S HM 48.365
Hence safe

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