List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest

Fifty-two countries have participated in the Eurovision

Song Contest since it started in 1956. Of these, twenty-
seven have won the contest. The contest, organised by the
European Broadcasting Union (EBU), is held annually
between members of the Union. Broadcasters from
different countries submit songs to the event, and cast votes
to determine the most popular in the competition.

Participation in the contest is primarily open to all active

member broadcasters of the EBU. To be an active member,
broadcasters must be a member of the European
Broadcasting Union, or be in a Council of Europe member
country.[1] Eligibility to participate is not determined by
geographic inclusion within the continent of Europe,
despite the "Euro" in "Eurovision" — nor does it have a Map showing debuts in the contest by decade:
direct connection with the European Union. Several 1950s 1980s 2000s
countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe
1960s 1990s 2010s
have competed: Israel, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western
1970s
Asia, since 1973, 1981 and 2006 respectively; Morocco, in
Kosovo participated as part of Yugoslavia between 1961
North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone; and Australia
and 1991 and as part of FR Yugoslavia in 1992 and later
making a debut in the 2015 contest. In addition, several
Serbia & Montenegro until 2005 and as a part of Serbia in
transcontinental countrieswith only part of their territory in 2007
Europe have competed: Turkey, since 1975; Russia, since
1994; Georgia, since 2007; and Azerbaijan, which made its
first appearance in the 2008 edition. Two of the countries
that have previously sought to enter the competition,
Lebanon and Tunisia, in Western Asia and North Africa
respectively, are also outside of Europe. The Gulf state of
Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest in
joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition.[2] However,
this did not materialise, and there are no known plans for a
future Qatari entry the Eurovision Song Contest. Australia,
where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s,
debuted as a participant in the 2015 edition, with entries in
2016 and 2017.

Graph showing the number of participating countries in the

The number of countries participating each year has grown
Eurovision Song Contest from 1956 to 2017
steadily, from seven in 1956 to over twenty in the late
1980s. A record 43 countries participated in 2008 and 201
1.
As the number of contestants has risen, preliminary competitions and relegation have been introduced, to ensure that as many
countries as possible get the chance to compete. In 1993, a preliminary show, Kvalifikacija za Millstreet ("Qualification for
Millstreet"), was held to select three Eastern European countries to compete for the first time at the main Contest.[3] After the 1993
Contest, a relegation rule was introduced; the six lowest-placed countries in the contest would not compete the following year.[4] In
1996, a new system was introduced. Audio tapes of all twenty-nine entrants were submitted to national juries. The twenty-two
highest-placed songs after the juries voted reached the contest. Norway, as host country, was given a bye to the final.[5] From 1997 to
2001 a system was used whereby the countries with the lowest average scores over the previous five years were relegated. Countries
.[6]
could not be relegated for more than one year

Between 2001 and 2003, the relegation system used in 1994 and 1995 was used. In 2004, a semi-final was introduced. The ten
highest-placed countries in the previous year's Contest qualified for the final, along with the "Big Four": the largest financial
contributors to the EBU. All other countries entered the semi-final. Ten countries qualified from the semi, leaving a final of twenty-
four.[7] In 2008, two semi-finals were held with all countries, except the host country and the Big Four, participating in one of the
semi-finals.[8]

Some countries, such as Germany, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom, have entered on all but a handful of occasions;
Morocco, on the other hand, has only entered once. Two countries, Tunisia and Lebanon, have attempted to enter the contest but
withdrew before making a début. Liechtenstein, a country without an eligible television service, tried unsuccessfully to enter in
1976.[9]

Contents
Participants
Participating countries in the decades
Table key
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s

Unsuccessful attempts to participate

China
Faroe Islands
Gibraltar
Greenland
Kazakhstan
Kosovo
History and interest
Lebanon
Liechtenstein
Background and first attempts
A broadcaster and Eurovision interest
Qatar
Scotland
Soviet Union
Tunisia
Wales
Other EBU members who never entered the Eurovision Song Contest
Other countries who have broadcast the Eurovision Song Contest
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
Participants
The following table lists the countries that have participated in the contest at least once. Shading indicates countries that have
withdrawn from the contest.

Morocco participated in the contest once, in 1980. Luxembourg, one of the original seven participants, has not been seen at the
contest since 1993. Italy withdrew from the contest in 1997 and returned in 2011. Slovakia previously competed three times between
1994 and 1998, failing to break into the top ten, but returned in 2009.[11] Monaco returned to the contest in 2004, after over two
decades out of the contest. However, the country failed to advance from the semi-final with each of its first three entries post-return,
and withdrew after the 2006 Contest.[12]

Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro were both dissolved, in 1991 and 2006 respectively. Serbia and Montenegro in the attempt to
mask as Yugoslavia, participated in the 1992 Contest under its name but representing the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia which
[13]
consisted of only the two republics. Both Montenegro and Serbia have competed as separate countries since 2007.

Table key
Withdrawn – Countries who have participated in the past but have withdrawn.
Former – Former countries that have been dissolved.
 Debut Latest
Country Entries Wins Broadcaster(s)[14]
year entry
Albania 2004 2018 15 0 RTSH

Andorra 2004 2009 6 0 RTVA

Armenia 2006 2018 12 0 AMPTV

Australia 2015 2018 4 0 SBS

Austria 1957 2018 51 2 ORF

Azerbaijan 2008 2018 11 1 İTV

Belarus 2004 2018 15 0 BTRC

VRT (Dutch) Dan Ar Braz represented

Belgium 1956 2018 60 1
RTBF (French)[a] France in 1996, performing in
Bosnia and the Breton language
1993 2016 19 0 BHRT
Herzegovina
Bulgaria 2005 2018 12 0 BNT

Croatia 1993 2018 24 0 HRT

Cyprus 1981 2018 35 0 CyBC

Czech
2007 2018 7 0 ČT
Republic
Denmark 1957 2018 47 3 DR

Estonia 1994 2018 24 1 ERR

Finland 1961 2018 52 1 YLE

RTF (1956–1964)
ORTF (1965– Jari Sillanpää represented
France 1974)
1956 2018 61 5 Finland in the first Eurovision
TF1 (1975–1981)
France Télévisions semi-final in 2004, failing to
(1983–) qualify.

Georgia 2007 2018 11 0 GPB

HR (1956–1978)
(ARD)
BR (1979–1991)
Germany (ARD)
1956 2018 62 2
MDR (1992–1995)
(ARD)
NDR (1996–)
(ARD)
ERT (1974–2013, Magdi Rúzsa, represented
2016–)
Greece 1974 2018 39 1 Hungary in 2007.[10]
NERIT (2014–
2015)
Hungary 1994 2018 16 0 MTVA

Iceland 1986 2018 31 0 RÚV

Ireland 1965 2018 52 7 RTÉ

Israel IBA (1973–2017)

1973 2018 41 3
KAN (2018-)
Italy 1956 2018 44 2 RAI Lys Assia, the first Eurovision
winner, was a special guest in
Latvia 2000 2018 19 1 LTV
 Lithuania 2008.
1994 2018 19 0 LRT

Luxembourg 1956 1993 38 5 CLT

Macedonia 1998 2018 18 0 MKRTV

Malta 1971 2018 31 0 PBS

Moldova 2005 2018 14 0 TRM

Monaco 1959 2006 24 1 TMC

Montenegro 2007 2018 10 0 RTCG

Morocco 1980 1980 1 0 SNRT

NTS (1956–1969)
NOS (1970–2009)
Netherlands TROS (2010–
1956 2018 59 4
2013)
AVROTROS
(2014–)
Norway 1960 2018 57 3 NRK

Poland 1994 2018 21 0 TVP

Portugal 1964 2018 50 1 RTP

Romania 1994 2018 19 0 TVR

RTR (1994, 1996,

Russia 1994 2018 21 1 2008–)
C1R (1995–)[d]
San Marino 2008 2018 9 0 SMRTV

Serbia 2007 2018 11 1 RTS

Serbia and
2004 2005 2 0 UJRT
Montenegro
STV (1994–2010)
Slovakia 1994 2012 7 0 RTVS (2011–
2012)
Slovenia 1993 2018 24 0 RTV SLO

Spain 1961 2018 58 2 TVE

Sveriges
Sweden Radiotjänst (1958)
1958 2018 58 6
SR (1959–1979)
SVT (1980–)

Switzerland 1956 2018 59 2 SRG SSR

Turkey 1975 2012 34 1 TRT

Ukraine 2003 2018 15 2 UA:PBC

United
1957 2018 61 5 BBC
Kingdom

1961 1992 27 1 JRT

Yugoslavia[b]

Participating countries in the decades

The table lists the participating countries in each decade since the first Eurovision Song Contest was held in 1956.
Seven countries participated in the first contest. Since then, the number of entries has increased steadily. In 1970, a Nordic-led
boycott of the contest reduced the number of countries entering to twelve.[15] By the late 1980s, over twenty countries had become
standard.

In 1993, the collapse of theUSSR in Eastern Europe gave many new countries the opportunity to compete. Three countries—Croatia,
Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, all of them former Yugoslav republics, won through from apre-qualifier to compete. After the
1993 event, a relegation system was introduced, allowing even more Eastern European countries to compete: seven more made their
debut in 1994.

In 2003, three countries applied to make their debut: Albania, Belarus and Ukraine. In addition, Serbia and Montenegro, who had not
competed since 1992, applied to return. The EBU, having originally accepted the four countries' applications, later rejected all but
Ukraine; allowing four extra countries to compete would have meant relegating too many countries.[16][17] The semi-final was
introduced in 2004 in an attempt to prevent situations like this. The Union set a limit of forty countries,[18] but by 2005 thirty-nine
were competing. In 2007, the EBU lifted the limit, allowing forty-two countries to compete. Two semi-finals were held for the first
time in 2008.[8]

Table key

Winner – The country won the Eurovision Song Contest that year.
Second place – The country was ranked second that year.
Third place – The country was ranked third that year.
Remaining places – The country placed from fourth to second last this year.
Last – The country was ranked last that year.
Non-qualified – The country did not qualify to the final (2004–).
Non-qualified for the contest – The country did not survive the pre-qualifying round (1993,
1996)
Undecided – The country has confirmed participation for the next Eurovision Song
Contest, however, the competition has not yet taken place.
Debutant – The country made its debut during the decade.
Did not participate – The country did not participate in the Eurovision Song Contest that
year.
Disqualified or withdrawn – The country was going to participate in the Eurovision that
year, but was disqualified or withdrew that year.
A cross (X) means that the country participated in the contest that year.

1950s
 1956–1959
Country 1956 1957 1958 1959
Austria X X X

Belgium X X X X

Denmark X X X

France X X X X

Germany X X X X

Italy X X X X

Luxembourg X X X

Monaco X

Netherlands X X X X

Sweden X X

Switzerland X X X X

United Kingdom X X

1960s
 1960–1969
Country 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
Austria X X X X X X X X X

Belgium X X X X X X X X X X

Denmark X X X X X X X

Finland X X X X X X X X X

France X X X X X X X X X X

Germany X X X X X X X X X X

Ireland X X X X X

Italy X X X X X X X X X X

Luxembourg X X X X X X X X X X

Monaco X X X X X X X X X X

Netherlands X X X X X X X X X X

Norway X X X X X X X X X X

Portugal X X X X X X

Spain X X X X X X X X X

Sweden X X X X X X X X X

Switzerland X X X X X X X X X X

United Kingdom X X X X X X X X X X

Yugoslavia X X X X X X X X X

1970s
 1970–1979
Country 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979
Austria X X X X X X

Belgium X X X X X X X X X X

Denmark X X

Finland X X X X X X X X X

France X X X X X X X X X X

Germany X X X X X X X X X X

Greece X X X X X

Ireland X X X X X X X X X X

Israel X X X X X X X

Italy X X X X X X X X X X

Luxembourg X X X X X X X X X X

Malta X X X X X X

Monaco X X X X X X X X X X

Netherlands X X X X X X X X X X

Norway X X X X X X X X X

Portugal X X X X X X X X X

Spain X X X X X X X X X X

Sweden X X X X X X X X

Switzerland X X X X X X X X X X

Turkey X X X

United Kingdom X X X X X X X X X X

Yugoslavia X X X X X X X

1980s
 1980–1989
Country 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
Austria X X X X X X X X X X

Belgium X X X X X X X X X X

Cyprus X X X X X X X X X

Denmark X X X X X X X X X X

Finland X X X X X X X X X X

France X X X X X X X X X

Germany X X X X X X X X X X

Greece X X X X X X X X X

Iceland X X X X

Ireland X X X X X X X X X

Israel X X X X X X X X X X

Italy X X X X X X X

Luxembourg X X X X X X X X X X

Morocco X

Netherlands X X X X X X X X X

Norway X X X X X X X X X X

Portugal X X X X X X X X X X

Spain X X X X X X X X X X

Sweden X X X X X X X X X X

Switzerland X X X X X X X X X X

Turkey X X X X X X X X X X

United Kingdom X X X X X X X X X X

Yugoslavia X X X X X X X X X

1990s
 1990–1999
Country 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Austria X X X X X X X X X

Belgium X X X X X X X X

Bosnia and
X X X X X X
Herzegovina
Croatia X X X X X X X

Cyprus X X X X X X X X X X

Denmark X X X X X X X X

Estonia X X X X X X

Finland X X X X X X X

France X X X X X X X X X X

Germany X X X X X X X X X X

Greece X X X X X X X X X

Hungary X X X X X X

Iceland X X X X X X X X X

Ireland X X X X X X X X X X

Israel X X X X X X X X

Italy X X X X X

Lithuania X X

Luxembourg X X X X

Macedonia X X

Malta X X X X X X X X X

Netherlands X X X X X X X X

Norway X X X X X X X X X X

Poland X X X X X X

Portugal X X X X X X X X X X

Romania X X X X

Russia X X X X

Slovakia X X X X

Slovenia X X X X X X

Spain X X X X X X X X X X

Sweden X X X X X X X X X X

Switzerland X X X X X X X X

Turkey X X X X X X X X X

United Kingdom X X X X X X X X X X

Yugoslavia X X X
2000s
 2000–2009
Country 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Albania X X X X X X

Andorra X X X X X X

Armenia X X X X

Austria X X X X X X

Azerbaijan X X

Belarus X X X X X X

Belgium X X X X X X X X X

Bosnia and Herzegovina X X X X X X X X X

Bulgaria X X X X X

Croatia X X X X X X X X X X

Cyprus X X X X X X X X X

Czech Republic X X X

Denmark X X X X X X X X X

Estonia X X X X X X X X X X

Finland X X X X X X X X

France X X X X X X X X X X

Georgia X X X

Germany X X X X X X X X X X

Greece X X X X X X X X X

Hungary X X X X

Iceland X X X X X X X X X

Ireland X X X X X X X X X

Israel X X X X X X X X X X

Latvia X X X X X X X X X X

Lithuania X X X X X X X X

Macedonia X X X X X X X X

Malta X X X X X X X X X X

Moldova X X X X X

Monaco X X X

Montenegro X X X

Netherlands X X X X X X X X X

Norway X X X X X X X X X

Poland X X X X X X X X

Portugal X X X X X X X X

Romania X X X X X X X X X
 Russia X X X X X X X X X X

San Marino X

Serbia X X X

Serbia and Montenegro X X X

Slovakia X

Slovenia X X X X X X X X X

Spain X X X X X X X X X X

Sweden X X X X X X X X X X

Switzerland X X X X X X X X

Turkey X X X X X X X X X X

Ukraine X X X X X X X

United Kingdom X X X X X X X X X X

2010s
 2010–2018
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Albania X X X X X X X X X

Armenia X X X X X X X X X

Australia X X X X

Austria X X X X X X X X

Azerbaijan X X X X X X X X X

Belarus X X X X X X X X X

Belgium X X X X X X X X X

Bosnia and Herzegovina X X X X

Bulgaria X X X X X X X

Croatia X X X X X X X

Cyprus X X X X X X X X

Czech Republic X X X X

Denmark X X X X X X X X X

Estonia X X X X X X X X X

Finland X X X X X X X X X

France X X X X X X X X X

Georgia X X X X X X X X X

Germany X X X X X X X X X

Greece X X X X X X X X X

Hungary X X X X X X X X

Iceland X X X X X X X X X

Ireland X X X X X X X X X

Israel X X X X X X X X X

Italy X X X X X X X X

Latvia X X X X X X X X X

Lithuania X X X X X X X X X

Macedonia X X X X X X X X X

Malta X X X X X X X X X

Moldova X X X X X X X X X

Montenegro X X X X X X X

Netherlands X X X X X X X X X

Norway X X X X X X X X X

Poland X X X X X X X

Portugal X X X X X X X

Romania X X X X X X X X X
 Russia X X X X X X X X X

San Marino X X X X X X X X

Serbia X X X X X X X X

Slovakia X X X

Slovenia X X X X X X X X X

Spain X X X X X X X X X

Sweden X X X X X X X X X

Switzerland X X X X X X X X X

Turkey X X X

Ukraine X X X X X X X X

United Kingdom X X X X X X X X X

Unsuccessful attempts to participate

There have been several unsuccessful attempts to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest. For broadcasters to participate, they
must be member of the EBU and register their intention to compete before the deadline specified in the rules of that year's event.
Each participating broadcaster pays a fee towards the organisation of the contest. Should a country withdraw from the contest after
[19]
the deadline, they will still need to pay these fees, and may also incur a fine or temporary ban.

China
China aired the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 and then Chinese provincial China
television channel Hunan Television had confirmed its interest in participating in the
Eurovision Song Contest 2016. The EBU had responded saying "we are open and
are always looking for new elements in each Eurovision Song Contest".[20]
However, on 3 June 2015, the EBU denied that China would participate as a guest or
full participant in 2016.[21]
Member station Hunan Television
Participation summary
Appearances 0
External links
www.mgtv.com

Faroe Islands
Since 2010, the Faroese national broadcaster Kringvarp Føroya (KVF) has been Faroe Islands
attempting to gain EBU membership and thus participate independently in the
Eurovision Song Contest. However KVF cannot obtain EBU membership due to the
islands not being independent from theKingdom of Denmark.[22]

Member station Kringvarp Føroya

Participation summary
 Appearances 0
External links
kvf.fo

Gibraltar
Since 2006, the Gibraltarian national broadcasterGibraltar Broadcasting Corporation Gibraltar
(GBC) has been attempting to gain EBU membership and thus participate
independently in the Eurovision Song Contest. However GBC cannot obtain EBU
membership due to the British Overseas Territory not being independent from the
United Kingdom. Gibraltar has broadcast the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 and the
final of the 2006 edition.[23] Member station Gibraltar
Broadcasting
Corporation
Participation summary
Appearances 0
External links
www.gbc.gi

Greenland
Since 2011, the Greenlandic national broadcaster Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa (KNR) Greenland
has attempted to gain EBU membership and thus participate independently in the
Eurovision Song Contest. However KNR cannot obtain EBU membership due to the
autonomous country not being independent from the Kingdom of Denmark.
Greenland has broadcast the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 on tape delay.[24] On 4
May 2017, it was announced that Greenland would broadcast the 2017 contest final
on delay.[25] Member station Kalaallit Nunaata
Radioa
Participation summary
Appearances 0
External links
knr.gl

Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan has not participated in the Eurovision Song Contest yet. Kazakhstan is Kazakhstan
negotiating to join the European Broadcasting Union. The state television company
(K-1) has been hoping for pending or approved EBU membership since 2008. If this
happens, they may be eligible to compete in the Eurovision Song Contest.[26]
Nevertheless, they have broadcast the Eurovision Song Contests from2010 onwards.
However, according to the EBU, no Kazakh broadcaster has ever formally applied to Member station Channel 31
join the EBU.[27] Participation summary
Appearances 0
External links
On 18 December 2015, it was announced that Khabar Agency, a major media outlet 31.kz
in Kazakhstan, had been accepted into the EBU as an Associate member,[28] but that
it's still not eligible to take part in the contest under the current rules.[29] Only countries who are part of the European Broadcasting
Area are eligible to participate, with Australia being the only exception after being an associate member for over 30 years.

On 22 December 2017, Channel 31 announced that they plan do debut in the 2019 contest, due to their newfound EBU
membership.[30]

Kosovo
Kosovo[c] has never participated in the Eurovision Song Contest. However, the Kosovo
Kosovan national broadcaster RTK has been licensed to broadcast all three shows
for many years. Despite not having participated at the song contest, they did
participate in the Eurovision Young Dancers 2011.

RTK can formally apply to become a member of he

t EBU, once the country becomes
a member of the International Telecommunications Union, as defined by the EBU
Member station Radio Television
rules.[31]
of Kosovo
Participation summary
History and interest
Appearances 0
Jugovizija, the national pre-selection of Yugoslavia organized by the Yugoslav
External links
broadcaster Yugoslav Radio Television (JRT) and it featured entries submitted by the
subnational public broadcasting centres based in the capitals of each of the www.rtklive.com/en/
constituent republics and autonomous provinces. Each of them had its own regional
jury. SAP Kosovo was represented by RTV Priština, but their entry has never won. Viktorija a singer from Vučitrn, Kosovo
represented Yugoslavia as part of Aska in 1982. Jugovizija 1986 was organized by RTV Priština. After the breakup of Yugoslavia,
singers from Kosovo, especially Kosovo Serbs, participated in national selection of Serbia and Montenegro and Serbia organized by
Radio Television of Serbia (RTS).

After Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia in 2008, its broadcaster Radio Television of Kosovo (RTK) applied for EBU
membership, and wished to enter Kosovo into Eurovision Song Contest 2009.[32][33] Kosovo would have made their Eurovision
Song Contest debut in 2009 if it could have joined the EBU. There is already a cooperation agreement signed between the EBU and
RTK and the EBU supports the membership of RTK. As of 2013, RTK has observer status within the EBU and did participate in the
Eurovision Young Dancers 2011.[34][35] According to the Kosovan newspaper Koha Ditore, a possible entry would be selected via a
national final called Akordet e Kosovës, a former pop show that had been taken off the air some years ago.[36][37][38]

Lebanon
Lebanon has never participated in the Eurovision Song Contest. The country's Lebanon
broadcasting organization, Télé Liban, was set to make the country's debut at the
Eurovision Song Contest 2005 with the song "Quand tout s'enfuit" performed by
Aline Lahoud,[39] but withdrew due to Lebanon's laws banning the broadcast of
Israeli content.[40]

Member station Télé Liban

National Our Eurovision
selection
events
Participation summary
 Appearances 0
External links
www.teleliban.com.lb

Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein has never participated at the Eurovision Song Contest, but the contest Liechtenstein
has had a long history within the country, with at least one attempt to participate
being made by the principality.

Background and first attempts

Liechtensteiners have had the opportunity to watch the contest on Swiss, Austrian or Member station 1 FL TV
German television. The country has made attempts to participate in the contest in the National Liechtenstein
past: in 1976 a Liechtenstein entry was selected to compete in the contest – Biggi selection Music Contest[41]
Bachman and "Little Cowboy" would have been the country's first entry had there events
been a national broadcaster, but as there was none in the country the entry was Participation summary
rejected from competing.[42][43]
Appearances 0
External links
A broadcaster and Eurovision interest
www.1fl.li
On 15 August 2008, 1FLTV, licensed by Liechtenstein's Government, became the
first broadcaster based in Liechtenstein. This would allow the country to begin competing at the Eurovision Song Contest for the first
time, should they decide to join the EBU, a pre-requisite for entering the contest.[44][45] Shortly after its foundation however, the
broadcaster announced that they were not interested in joining the EBU or Eurovision at that time because they had no budget for
membership.[46]

In July 2009, the broadcaster officially announced its intent to apply to join the EBU by the end of July, with the intent of taking part
at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010, to be held in Oslo, Norway.[47] Peter Kölbel, managing director of 1FLTV, officially confirmed
the broadcaster's interest, revealing that they had plans to develop a national final similar to Deutschland sucht den Superstar, the
German version of the Idol series.[48] In November 2009, 1FLTV decided to postpone EBU and Eurovision plans, due to financial
[49][50]
reasons began to search for other options for funding EBU membership in the future.

1FLTV submitted its application for EBU membership on 29 July 2010. If accepted, 1FLTV would have gained full EBU
membership and would have been able to send an entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 2011.[51] However, Liechtenstein did not
appear on the official list of participants for Eurovision 2011. In late 2012 it was announced by Peter Kölbel of 1FLTV that
Liechtenstein would not be able to take part till 2013 at the earliest. They had been trying to get government subsidies since 2010 to
enable participation, participation was likely if in April 2012 the Government approved funding.

On 10 September 2013, 1FLTV informed and confirmed to Esctoday.com that Liechtenstein would not be participating at the
Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark.[52] The broadcaster has no plans to join the EBU at the moment. This was
confirmed again on 28 July 2014 in the run-up to the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 in Austria. 1FLTV did however state their
interest in participating in the Eurovision Song Contest, but that they have to evaluate the costs of EBU membership, a necessary
prelude to participation.[53] 1FLTV confirmed that the nation will not be able to make its début in 2016, due to lack of funds to join
the EBU.[54] On 21 September 2016, 1FLTV announced that they would not be able to debut to the contest in 2017, but that they
would set their eyes on a future participation once they overcome their financial hurdles.[55] Yet again, on the 1 September 2017 they
[56]
also announced they wouldn't debut at the 2018 contest in Lisbon.

On 4 November 2017 the broadcaster confirmed that it was planning to debut in the Eurovision Song Contest in 2019 and would
organise a national selection to select both the singer and the song.[41]
Qatar
Qatar Radio (QR) is currently an associate member of the European Broadcasting Qatar
Union (EBU), while all competing countries of the Eurovision Song Contest must be
active members of the Union. The broadcaster first revealed on 12 May 2009 that
they were interested in becoming active members of the Union, which would allow
the nation to compete in the Contest. Qatar Radio has stated that they hope to join Member station Qatar Radio
Eurovision by 2011.
Participation summary
Qatar first became involved in the Contest at the 2009 edition, where the broadcaster Appearances 0
sent a delegation to the contest and broadcast a weekly radio show called External links
'12pointsqatar' dedicated to Eurovision, which received favourable responses and has
www.qatarradio.qa/index.aspx
initiated the further involvement of Qatar in Eurovision.

Qatar Radio has said that they feel that they would be happy to join all other competitors in the contest, including Israel if Qatar gets
membership.

Qatar is required to have a broadcaster which has at least associate membership of the EBU in order to have a chance to take part, as
Qatar Radio is only a radio station and Qatar lies outside the European Broadcasting Area and cannot apply for Council of Europe
membership with Australia being the only exception after being an associate member for over 30 years. The broadcaster would most
likely be Qatar Television (QTV) also owned and run by the Qatar General Broadcasting and Television Corporation (QGBTC). If
[2]
Qatar Radio gets accepted too, then they would be able to air the contest alongside the television broadcast.

Scotland
The Scottish National Party (SNP) has campaigned for a place in Eurovision for Scotland
Scotland but had been rejected numerous times because Scotland is represented as a
part of the British entry and is represented by the BBC. On 11 February 2008 the
EBU stated that a Scottish broadcaster could apply for EBU membership, but under
the current rules could not enter the Eurovision Song Contest as the BBC currently
has exclusive rights to represent the entire United Kingdom.
Member station BBC Scotland or
Scotland would have been eligible to enter the contest had Scotland gained STV
independence as a result of theScottish independence referendum, 2014, as Scotland Participation summary
would therefore have been a separate .[57]
country Appearances 0

On 25 November 2013, the Scottish Government released a referendum blueprint External links
which detailed plans for the transfer of BBC Scotland into the Scottish Broadcasting www.bbc.co.uk/scotland or www.stv
Service (SBS) and joining the EBU, as well as partaking in competitions, including .tv, respectively
Scottish entries in the Eurovision Song Contest. Had the referendum vote been
favour of independence, then the earliest that Scotland would be eligible to début would have been 2017.[58][59][60] However, the
referendum result on 18 September 2014 was to remain part of the United Kingdom, and the aforementioned BBC retains exclusive
[61]
rights to represent the United Kingdom, including Scotland.

Soviet Union
The Soviet Union never participated in the Eurovision Song Contest, but it made Soviet Union
several attempts in the late 1980s. In 2009, Eduard Fomin, a former employee of the
Ministry of Education of the RSFSR, revealed that in 1987 George Veselov, the
Minister of Education for the Soviet Union, brought forward the idea of Soviet
participation in the Eurovision Song Contest due to the number of political reforms
made by the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Member station Soviet Central
Gorbachev during the late 1980s. The idea was mainly a political one, with the Television
thought that a win in the contest for the Soviet Union would impact on the Participation summary
relationships between the Soviet Union and the capitalist countries of the west.
Appearances 0
Valery Leontyev was suggested as a singer for the Soviet Union's first entry into the
contest, but Veselov's ideas were not shared by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, or by Gorbachev himself, believing it to be
[62]
too radical a step to take, and so the Soviet Union never entered the contest before dissolving.

All former republics of the Soviet Union, which were geographically situated in Europe, would later compete in the contest on their
own in the 1990s and 2000s: Russia, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan,
except Kazakhstan, with four of the countries going on to win one of the contests: Estonia, Latvia, Russia, and Azerbaijan. Ukraine
was the first ex-USSR country to win twice.

Tunisia
Tunisia was to perform fourth in the 1977 Eurovision Song Contest's running order. Tunisia
The reason for the country's withdrawal was never officially established; rumours
suggest ERTT did not want to compete with Israel.[9][63] To date, the only African
nation to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest is Morocco, who made just one
appearance, in the 1980 contest. On 18 June 2007, the public Tunisian television
broadcaster confirmed that due to a governmental request they will not participate in
the contest.[64] Member station Établissement de
la Radiodiffusion-
Télévision
Tunisienne
Participation summary
Appearances 0
External links
www.tunisiatv.tn

Wales
In the 1960s, the late Welsh singer, scholar and writer Meredydd Evans proposed Wales
that Wales should have its own entry in the Eurovision Song Contest. In 1969, Cân i
Gymru was launched by BBC Cymru Wales as a selection show for the contest, with
songs to be performed in Welsh. However, it was decided that the BBC would
continue to send one entry for the whole of the United Kingdom. Despite this, Cân i
Gymru has been broadcast every year since, with the exception of 1973. The
winning song takes part in the annual Pan Celtic Festival in Ireland. Wales has Member station BBC Cymru
appeared as an independent country in another EBU production, Jeux Sans Wales or S4C
Frontières and Welsh national broadcaster S4C has been encouraged to take part in National Cân i Gymru
the Junior Eurovision Song Contest. Wales is also eligible to take part in minority selection
language song contest Liet-Lávlut, but has so far shown no interest. Wales events
participated in the inaugural Eurovision Choir of the Year in 2017, where they Participation summary
finished 2nd.[65]
Appearances 0
External links
www.bbc.co.uk/wales or www.s4c
.cymru/en/, respectively
Other EBU members who never entered the Eurovision Song
Contest
Algeria — ENTV, ENRS, TDA
Egypt — ERTU
Jordan — JRTV
Libya — LNC
Vatican City — RV

Other countries who have broadcast the Eurovision Song Contest

Country Broadcaster(s) Year(s)
Brazil Rede Tupi (RTTV) 1970, 1972[66]

Canada OutTV 2014 - 2015[67]

Chile Canal 9 1969, 1970[68]

Egypt Egyptian Radio and Television Union (ERTU) 1981[69]

Hong Kong Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) 1971–1972, 1975, 1978–1979[66][68]
India All India Radio (AIR) TBC[70]

Japan Japan Broadcasting Corporation(NHK) 1972, 1975, 2000[66][68]

Jordan Jordan Radio and Television Corporation (JRTV) 1975, 1978[67]

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyz Television (KTRK) 2012 [67]
New Zealand BBC UKTV 2014–2016[67][71]
South Korea Korean Broadcasting System(KBS) 1975[68]

Philippines ABS-CBN 1972[66]

Puerto Rico Maquila Solidarity Network(MSN) 2003–2004[72][73]

Taiwan Taiwan Television (TTV) 1972[66]

Thailand National Broadcasting Services of Thailand(NBT) 1972[66]

United States Logo TV 2016–present[74][75]

See also
List of countries in the ABU Radio Song Festival
List of countries in the ABU TV Song Festival
List of countries in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest
List of countries in the Turkvision Song Contest
United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest § Separate entrants

Notes
a. ^ VRT and RTBF alternate responsibilities for the contest.
b. ^ The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia competed as "Yugoslavia" in 1992.
c. ^ Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between theRepublic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The
Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independenceon 17 February 2008, butSerbia continues to claimit as part
 of its own sovereign territory. The two governmentsbegan to normalise relationsin 2013, as part of theBrussels
Agreement. Kosovo has received formal recognition as an independent state from 112 out of 193 United Nations
member states.
d. ^ RTR and C1R alternate responsibilities for the contest since 2008.

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