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By:
UNIVERSITY OF PEKALONGAN
PEKALONGAN
2017
The Development of ESP
This is the first stage development of ESP that the English, of, say, Electrical
General English. The aim of this stage is to identify the grammatical and lexical
features.
So, in this stage or the first development of ESP just analyze grammatical and
vocabulary items. In the other word, in this stage we just study about the basic
language of English.
focuses on the singular sentence, discourse analysis focuses instead on the broad and
general use of language within and between particular individual groups of people.
Also, grammarians typically construct the examples they analyze while analysis of
Discourse Analysis, the attention and focus is to understanding how sentences were
So, in this stage we don’t need to study grammar hard. We just study to make
sentence that can make other people understand. It’s enough for us to deliver the meaning
In this stage, Target Situation Analysis also known as Need Analysis. But
according to chambers (1980) term of “Target Situation Analysis” it’s more accurate
scientific basis, by establishing procedures for relating language analysis more closely
So, in this stage is about what students nee, or to know why they study ESP.
The fourth stage of development of ESP has seen an attempt to look below
the surface and to consider not the languange itself but the thinking processes that
underlie languange use. The principal idea behind the skill-centred approach is that
underlying all languange use there are common reasoning and interpreting processes,
which, regardless of the surface forms, enable the students to extract meaning from
discourse.
learner to cope with the surface forms, for example guessing the meaning of words
from context, using visual layout to determine the type of text, exploiting cognates
(words which are similar in the mother tongue and the target languange).
So, in this stage we learn to improve our skills in English (Speaking, Writing,
Reading, Listening) and strategies to face new word that we don’t know before.
5. A Learning-Centered Approach
All stages above they are all based on descriptions of language use. Whether
processes, as in the skills and strategies approach, the concern in each case is with
describing what people do with languange. A trully vaid approach to ESP must be
So, in this stage we study in learning process to know better about ESP and
In five stage of development of ESP has own advantages and disadvantages ,and I
think the best stage that student must mastering is skills and strategies, because we must
have skills and strategies to speak foreign language that we want to learn.