Technical Report 168686 PDF

ARC 4903 INTERGRATED DESIGN
FINAL DESIGN & TECHNICAL REPORT
LEONG YIN CHEN 168686

BACHELOR OF SCINECE (ARCHITECTURE)
UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA
[ARC 4903 Rekabentuk Integrasi (Integrated Design)] Bachelor of Science (Architecture) 3rd Year Semester 1 2015/2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This technical report was prepared by LEONG YIN CHEN, matrix number 168686 and
currently pursuing Bachelor of Science (Architecture) at University Putra Malaysia, for the
purpose of the comprehensive report of the studio’s final project.
I’m sincerely thanks to the studio master, Ar. Aznida Azlan, lecturers, Pn. Ida Suriana Ismail,
Ar. Zamri Ismail, Dr. Wan Srihani Wan Mohamed and Dr Nangkula Utaberta for their
relentless perseverance in assisting students in our unique and interesting ways. Their
endless effort and contribution to the class of ARC 3016 Architectural Studio 6 have
tremendously improved the quality and standard of each individual not only in terms of
technical skills but also in the process of theoretical development. I would never regret on
my choice to having architecture degree in UPM.
Special thanks to the external panels who came and assessed the project for the final
review, their professional conduct and insights are greatly treasured. Their valuable
critiques and comments which in a way resolved most of my design faults and issues in the
process of accomplishing this assignment.
Another big thank you too to my fellow course mates who had undertaking this course for
the company during the ups and downs in studio.
Last but not least, a final note thanks to all who have contributed to this report. The process
of contacting everyone was both an arduous but enjoyable task.
Dedicated to the farewell to my part 1 Archi-Putra life
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TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 INTRODUCTION 7.0 TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS
1.1 Project Objective 7.1 Structure system and constructions details
1.2 Project Brief 7.2 Mechanical and electrical system
1.3 Project Requirements 8.0 CONCLUSION
1.4 Project Location 9.0 REFERENCES
2.0 SITE STUDY
2.1 History and Background
2.2 Site Information
2.3 Macro Site Analysis & Synthesis
2.4 Micro Site Analysis & Synthesis
3.0 CASE STUDY
3.1 Puri hotel
3.2 Swiss garden hotel
3.3 Parkroyal hotel
4.0 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT
4.1 Design issues
4.2 Design intention / concept
4.3 Design strategies
5.0 SPACE PLANNING DEVELOPMENT
5.1 Site planning and orientation
5.2 Space programs and context
6.0 GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES
6.1 Passive design strategies
6.2 Other sustainable consideration
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This report is and outcome of the study of the final projecte of ARC4903 Integrated Design.
This final report recorded the development and the process of this project from initial to the
final stage.
1.1 Project Objective 1.3 Project Requirement
At the end of this exercise, students will be able to:- Design Consideration
The proposal of THEME HOTEL should be varies and tribute to the diversity of hotel
1. Integrate limited urban contextual issues in building design. architecture. The following aspects should be considered in developing the design ideas;
2. Develop awareness and skills in spatial technical qualities, assessing the impact of
applied technical issues into spatial-functional design process. 1. Site context (Urban Context) and the preliminary design research
should be considered in determining the theme, and should be
integrated throughout the design process.
3. Apply selected building services in the design; sanitary, cold water, electrical and 2. Each students need to emerge with distinctive theme for the Hotel
vertical transportation proposal such as Theme Park Hotel, Heritage/ Historical Ties,
Wellness & Healthy Theme, Urban Hideouts, Countryside Theme,
4. Apply secondary structural system and develop detail design of key components of and etc depending on their research and relevant issues (such as
the building. specific site issues, architecture issues, urban issues tourism issues,
related data and findings)
3. The design character that based on the selected theme should be

5. Apply building by-laws fundamentals in the design, including fire safety requirements
expressed through every design aspects (including building images,
and barrier-free access. spatial planning, spaces, interiors, materials, artworks, activities, etc).
6. Integrate a more complex passive design strategies including the selection of 4. The design of Theme Hotel must beinspirational to the others,
materials and building system. especially to the building owners and the guests.
5. Apart of the basic conventional hotels elements, students may extends

their creativity by proposing distinctive spaces or activities to
1.2 Project Brief personalize the design according to the hotel’s theme.
6. Accessibility, universal design, green design, sustainability, tropical

In conjunction with the notion of inspirational architecture the project of ‘Theme Hotel’ architecture and other appropriate design aspects should be
could enable students to come out with explorative and unexpected idea for future hotel considered in the design approach.
with impressively diverse. Theme Hotel project should be imaginative architectural
expressions that amalgamate the distinctive urban architecture, unique architecture-art
of spatial and interior ambience that impress, inspiring guests, and promising
memorable stay.
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Space Consideration:
1.4 Project Location

SPACE REQUIREMENTS DESCRIPTION
THE OPERATIONAL BRIEF
1. Entrance, Forecourt/Unloading
2. Entrance Lobby/Reception Malacca (Malay: Melaka), dubbed "The Historic State", is a state in Malaysia and
3. Concierge Service located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, next to the Straits of Malacca.
4. Bar
5. Restaurant It borders Negeri Sembilan to the north and Johor to the south. The capital is Malacca
6. Front Office and Administration City, which is 148 kilometres (92 miles) south east of Malaysia's capital city Kuala
7. Public Toilets Lumpur, 235 kilometres (146 miles) North West of Johor's largest city Johor Bahru, and
8. Disabled Facilities 95 km (59 miles) north west of Johor's second largest city, Batu Pahat. This historical
city centre has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008.
GENERAL
1. Meeting & Events Room Areas Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, the local monarchy
2. Passenger and Service Lifts was abolished when the Portuguese conquered it in 1511. The head of state is the
3. Kitchen Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor, rather than a Sultan.
4. Staff Dining Area
5. Staff Changing Facilities
6. Staff Entrance
7. Receiving/Goods Inwards Area
8. Stores
9. Plant Room/s
10. Car Parking
11. Security and Guest Safety
12. General Systems
FACILITIES
1. Special Activities Room for specific
Theme
2. Fitness & Wellness Area (e.g. Gym &
Spa)
3. Pool, and sports facilities
GUESTROOMS, BATHROOMS AND

BEDROOM CORRIDORS
1. Guestrooms
2. The Room to the Client Bedroom
Corridors
3. Bedrooms (100-150 range from
standards, deluxe, suite)
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2.0 SITE STUDY
2.1 History and Background
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2.2 Site information
The strategic location of the site which is nearby :
• Monorail Station
• River Cruise
• Masjid Pengkalan Rama
• Petrol Station
• Service Apartment
• Public Toilet
• Shop Lot
Site Limit Radius:
300m, 4 minutes by walk
Site Area:
Total area site boundary: 9238.60 sqm
Plot Ration Provision – 1:3
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2.3 Macro Site Analysis & Synthesis
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2.4 Micro Site Analysis & Synthesis
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3.0 CASE STUDY
3.1 HOTEL PURI
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3.2 SWISS GARDEN HOTEL
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3.3 PARKROYAL on Pickering / WOHA
 Architects: WOHA
 Location: Singapore 058289, Singapore
 Project Team: Wong Mun Summ, Richard Hassell, Donovan Soon, Sim Choon Heok,
Toh Hua Jack, Bernard Lee, Amber Dar Wagh, Mappaudang Ridwan Saleh, Evelyn Ng,
John Paul Gonzalez, Josephine Isip, Goh Kai Shien, Luu Dieu Khanh, Tan Szue Hann,
Alen Low, Pham Sing Yeong, Vanessa Ong, Novita Johana, Andre Kumar Alexander
 Area: 29811.0 sqm
 Project Year: 2013
 Photographs: Patrick Bingham-Hall From the architect. Singapore-based WOHA Architects have long been advocates of the
ultimate ‘green city’ – one that would be comprised of more vegetation than if it were left as
wilderness – and the PARKROYAL on Pickering was designed as a hotel-as-garden that
actually doubled the green-growing potential of its site.
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Massive curvaceous sky-gardens, draped with tropical plants and supporting swathes of projects built throughout Asia over the last decade, the hotel performs unambiguously as a
frangipani and palm trees, are cantilevered at every fourth level between the blocks of public building.
guest rooms. Greenery flourishes throughout the entire complex, and the trees and gardens
of the hotel appears to merge with those of the adjoining park as one continuous sweep of The geological metaphor – green architecture at its most elemental – is one that WOHA
urban parkland. have used in many, if not all of their large-scale public buildings, but here the geometry and
the allusions are more nuanced and more complex. The snaking bands of fluted concrete
Most of Singapore’s recent architecture – especially in and around the city centre – is weave through the length and breadth of the podium without interruption, and without
nothing more than generic and can be seen anywhere in the world, regardless of climate acknowledgment of the boundaries between exterior and interior.
and culture. An equilibrium point of architectural anonymity has been derived from a
number of factors – corporate and bureaucratic risk-avoidance, a desire to promote a global
(homogenous) image rather than local, and the ubiquity of semi-famous international
architects – but a uniquely progressive tropical city has been sold short.
The architecture is fundamentally organic, but the fluid geometry has a loftier sense of
purpose. The ascending vistas, the scenes above the external and internal spaces of the
ground floor (and the fifth floor public area), whilst not spiritually preordained – the
geometry is topographic, not cosmic – draw unambiguously from the heavenly gaze to be
WOHA paid no attention to the placeless blandness of the modern Singapore skyline, and had within a mosque, a temple, or a church. It might be observed that the business hotel
finally the city has a uniquely expressive urban landmark that reinterprets and reinvigorates plays a similar role in contemporary culture to that of the cathedral in 17 th century Europe,
its location. The PARKROYAL on Pickering was a purely commercial development, with so it may not be impudent to describe WOHA’s exuberant tableaux as Baroque: just a touch
well-defined budgetary and programmatic constraints. But as with many of WOHA’s of Borromini for the 21st century.
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4.0 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT

- Environmental friendly hotel to reduce energy wastage and act as a green living
in the city, contribute to the environment, sustainable
- To create a space which able to reconnect the context and bring harmony to the
4.1 Design Issues
environment (Well interaction with the existing site context, green connection)
- TROPICAL GARDEN as an ecological therapeutic space in promoting contact
ENVIRONMENTAL
with biodiversity and community.
a. Lack of greenery and proper green space for public, natural environment
- To provide a good movement flow and circulation from public transport to avoid
b. Air pollution and increase of temperature
traffic congestion
c. Hectic and heavy traffic during peak hour, chaotic
- Establish communication between inside and outside (open space terrace,
verandah, and garden) for users to enjoy indoor and outdoor quality, in contact with
SOCIAL
nature
a. Lack of attraction and participation during day time
- Visual connection to the main road (nodes) and river (nodes)
b. Lack of common public space for tourist and local
- Common community space allows interaction btw guest and public, local and
c. Inadequate of leisure activity on site
foreigner tourist, site and neighbourhood.
- Emphasizing the walk able and accessible architecture
HOTEL GUEST ISSUE
- Act as a catalyst to reactivate and restore the site
a. Come and go; the only function is to rest and sleep.
- A point of interest where people willing to spend their time in and out of the building.
b. Several hotels area situated nearer to the urban core
4.2 Design Strategies
RESTORE AND REACTIVATE THE SITE with green elements to enhance the living
quality and enjoy the outdoor greenery view. - Started with a simple geometry
A TROPICAL GARDEN as a green pause from city where public and guest can RELAX
+ RETREAT + REJUVENATE + RECHARGE + REACTIVE.
Balance the site with nature tropical elements.
When hotel become a habitat space for flora and fauna in the same time for the
users. Promote the relationship and interaction among them. Contrast from its
surrounding (the concrete jungle).
4.3 Design Intention / Concept

- Soften the edge and designing
Theme: TROPICAL ESCAPISM green facade facing the main road (bring
Concept: INHABITING THE NATURE some calm effect to the drivers during
peak hour)
“ A TROPICAL ESCAPISM hotel located at the starting point of Malacca River
Cruise explicitly expressing tropical riverside weather and ecological therapeutic
environment in Malacca to allow guests inhabiting in the nature in the same time
to restore and to balance the biodiversity – living harmony. "
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- Creating a void as a TROPICAL RESTORATION OF BIODIVERSITY

GARDEN in the middle of the building
- The ecological therapeutic space in
promoting contact with biodiversity and
community.
- To allow hotel guest to have a view
toward the garden.
- An opening at the ground floor to

allow visual connection from the nodes
(traffic light and river cruise) into the
tropical garden.
- Creating green belt along the

building. Biodiversity increases the stability of an ecosystem and contributes to the health of the
- Green living facade facing the main biosphere.
road to reduce chaos.
Benefits of biodiversity – recreation, education, traditional value
Biodiversity design – creating ecological rest stations
- Habitats for small animals

- Enhance biodiversity and create more habitats for earthworms, butterflies and birds
- Distance between green spaces area kept within animals’ active range (able to travel,
mate and interact with other species more freely and the overall biodiversity will be
enhanced.)
- Barrier free passage for animals to safely move and feed between green nodes
- Building mass along the main road - Tree lined sidewalk in alignment therewith to enhance interaction between birds and
to create a buffer. insects.
- The green buffer design to isolate pollution, noise & security breach
- Wall with porous (wooden stilts, bamboos etc) allow unhindered passage for small
land mammals amphipians or reptiles
- Enhancing the landscaping
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Four principles in how green space allocation affects the ecology of flora and fauna:
1. Area effect – the bigger the green area, the easier it becomes to maintain healthy
flora and fauna clusters
2. Edge effect – the smaller the edge the less exposed to the external impact
3. Distance effect – the shorter the distance the closer the proximity facilitates
movement of species and enhances the diversity of plant cluster
4. Connectivity effect – connecting green spaces to green belts facilities the

dispersive movement of species with green belts & riverbanks parks forming an
interconnected system of urban green corridors.
BIODIVERSITY TARGETS
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5.0 SPACE PLANNING DEVELOPMENT
5.1 Site Planning and Orientation

5.2 Space Program and Context
- Room Type
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5.2.1 ARRIVAL: 5.2.4 Restaurant Standard:
Develop a number of different entrances to help separate overnight guest and visitors, to • The Restaurant will be a semi-formal and stylish (follow theme) full service facility to
reduce the amount of unnecessary traffic through the lobby, to establish a distinct identity or provide breakfast and all day dining located adjacent to the main bar and accessed off the
to provide increased security. Should assess the relative need for the following entrances: lobby.
- Main hotel entrance • The design shall take into account that food will be served to this area so service stations
- Restaurant entrance and food delivery areas must be incorporated with minimum interference to the guest’s
- Health club/spa entrance experience
- Tour bus drop-off
- • Total seating capacity will be linked to number of guest bedrooms.
5.2.2 ENTRANCE:
Entrance clearly identified according to its function with a canopy, signage or special 5.2.5 Front Office and Administration Standard:
illumination. The design requirements for the hotel entrances can be summarized briefly:
• A self-contained ‘back-office’ shall be situated at reception.
- Canopy: covered drop off at the main entrance to protect guest from inclement
weather; ensure sufficient height for buses and emergency vehicles • This will have a ‘drop-safe’ with vacuum money chute facility
- Driveways: predict the amount of traffic and provide a sufficient number of aisles and • All management and administration areas should be located, designed and furnished to
queuing space for waiting taxis, loading and unloading of passengers and luggage
satisfy Health & Safety legislation and allow for a positive work environment.
and tour buses.
- Sidewalks: design pedestrian areas sufficiently wide for handling baggage, storing
baggage carts and providing doorman or bellman station;
5.2.6 Public Toilets Standard:
5.2.3 BEDROOM STYLES: • Public toilets are required for the F&B areas and Events/Meeting facilities. Size, number
and location will be dependant on space available and area relationships.
a. STANDARD twinBEDROOM
b. Deluxe twin bedroom Meeting and Event Room Areas Standard:
c. Family quarterBEDROOM
d. SUITE • The main function/event room seating numbers will be dependent on size limitations with
a pre-function lobby area.
GUEST LAUNDRY FACILITIES
• A simple access route to the main kitchen is also essential.
Guests’ laundry facilities may be provided on an individual or communal basis. Where
laundry facilities are provided they shall:- • Additional meeting rooms configurations should be as flexible as possible subject to
location and demand.
(a) Be of an adequate size;
• All meeting rooms to have the maximum possible sound-proofing included in the design,
(b) Have impervious floors; especially partition walls in subdivided rooms.
(c) Have adequate washing machine/s, sufficient tub/s with hot and cold potable water; • All meeting rooms shall have integrated Audio-Visual facilities
(d) Dryers or sufficient outdoor drying facilities; and • A furniture and equipment store room to be located adjacent to meeting room area.
(e) Sufficient iron/s and ironing board/s. • The meeting/event area will be provided with a break-out area in proportion to the meeting
room space and will be able to act as a reception venue for reception use
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• A Business Centre will be located adjacent to the Meeting rooms area. • These will comprise lockers, benches, toilets, showers, washbasins, electric hair and hand
dryers with separate facilities for male and female staff.
• Local regulations may require

5.2.7 Fitness and Wellness Area Standard:
• The minimum Fitness and Leisure facility to be provided will consist of an exercise gym
with WC/shower facility. 5.2.11 Back of House - Stores Standard:
• The gym area should be able to accommodate 5 No. pieces of equipment. • General stores including furniture, stationery,
• A ‘Day-room’ shall be incorporated into the design • Maintenance department stores.
• Cleaning Materials/Chemicals and Equipment Store
5.2.8 Passenger and Service Lifts Standard • Food and Beverage and crockery/glass stores including: - Cold rooms at varying
temperatures Beverage store including beer and chilled wine area.
• The hotel will provide for a minimum of x2 passenger’ lifts [more may be included to
maximise guest convenience] and the appropriate number and type of service lifts to • Dry goods store.
facilitate vertical transportation of guests and goods in an efficient manner.
• Linen and uniform stores including: - Dirty linen and collection/sorting area. [direct external
• The Service lift/s [x1 minimum] should be accessed via staff areas and out of sight of access] Bedroom linen and maids store.
guests
• All aspects of passenger lifts and their design shall comply with regulatory requirements
as required in Fire Safety legislation. 5.2.12 Receiving/Good Inwards Area Standard:
• Sufficient space for unloading a delivery vehicle.
5.2.9 Kitchen Standard: • Empty bottle store.
• The main Bar/Restaurant facility will require direct service from the hotel’s main kitchen. • Refuse storage area, receptacles suiting local refuse disposal methods
• If the kitchen is on a separate floor to restaurant/bar then heated ‘dumb waiter’ elevators • Bottle recycling receptacles
[x2 minimum] must be installed • Water Supply [Hot & Cold]
• The food preparation areas will include the following but specialist kitchen design • Security/receivers office adjacent to delivery yard and staff entrance.
Staff Dining Area Standard: • Secured perimeter and gated entry.
• Specific staff dining facility is required.
• The facility must be easily accessible to staff without entering via the kitchen. 5.2.13 Plant Room/s Standard:
• Areas for electrical, mechanical and air handling plant to be provided according to local
5.2.10 Staff Changing Facilities Standard: conditions and technical/engineering requirements
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- TECHNICAL DRAWING
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6.0 GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES

6.1 Passive Design Strategies
6.1.1 Natural Ventilation
- Stack ventilation
A method of passive ventilation that uses air pressure differences to pull air through the building.
- Cross ventilation
Occurs when there are pressure differences between one side of a building and the other. Wind driven effect in which air is drawn into building on the high pressure windward
side and drawn out of the building on the low pressure leeward side
6.1.2 Day lighting
- Louvers and orientation of building to have visual comfort and sustainable daylight design.
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6.2 Other Sustainable Design Considerations
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6.2.1 Greywater system includes: recycled carpet; rubber 30 flooring, made from rubber trees is 100% renewable;
and natural linoleum, a 100% biodegradable product that does not contain any harsh
Some hotels have installed a greywater system to conserve water. Greywater commonly chemicals. Recycled carpet tiles have become a popular choice for sustainable hotels. The
refers to any untreated water that has not come into contact with sewage; sources include Carpet America Recovery Effort or CARE was formed between both industry and
showers, sinks, and washers. The water gathered from these sources is recycled by going government to “increase the amount of recycling and reuse of postconsumer carpet and
through a filtration system and stored for later use. reduce the amount of waste carpet going to landfills,” more than 5 billion pounds annually
according to the EPA (Bonda&Sosnowchik, 2007). The Shaw carpet company developed
Eco Solution Q, it is a brand of their carpet line that is cradle to cradle certified, the
company will reclaim its old carpet for free and it will be used to make new carpet. Recycled
glass tile can be used for both flooring and bathroom walls; it can be made from
postconsumer recycled glass bottles to old windows.
6.2.3 Reduced Site Disturbance
Allow Majority of Site to Remain Undisturbed and In Its Natural Habitat.
The Avalon is located in a reclaimed industrial area of Portland. A small landscaped area is
available for guest relaxation and enjoyment of the surrounding nature, but the hotel makes
every effort to maintain a wild and undisturbed riverfront location. The area has been
carefully designed to support the local butterfly population and provide a salmon safe zone.
This is a no-cost measure that leads to increased business from guests and local
businesses that share the hotel’s commitment to the environment. Many repeat guests
6.2.2 Flooring
return to the Avalon because of its serene and “rural” setting within the city limits, and the
Sustainable flooring includes products made from renewable or recyclable material. hotel experiences increased occupancy from customers who seek out LEED-certified hotels.
Bamboo has become a popular sustainable flooring option because of its comparable The Avalon’s landscaping expenses are also dramatically reduced compared with the cost
durability and strength to hardwood floor and it is a highly renewable material. Bamboo is of maintaining an altered landscape.
considered sustainable because it grows much faster than wood and can reharvest itself
through its root system. There are eco-friendly options for hardwood such as wood that is
Forest Stewardship Council or FSC certified. The FSC is a global forest certification 6.2.4 Green Roof
program founded in 1993 under the principle of reducing the environmental impact of
logging and maintaining the integrity of the forest. Forests awarded with this certification A green roof or living roof is a rooftop area that is covered by vegetation planted over a
meet the ten principles set by the FSC. These include using logging techniques that have a waterproof membrane. Most green roof construction consists of the waterproof membrane
low environmental impact, respect for the indigenous people in that area, and continuous to protect the roof structure from moisture; it is typically laid in three layers and helps to
monitoring of the activities and condition of the forest, to name a few. Another natural option prevent any leaks into the structure. The next layer is an insulation layer; it is laid down to
is reclaimed wood flooring; wood taken from deconstructed barns or older buildings that is stop the water absorbed by the vegetation from pulling heat from the building in the winter
turned into usable flooring. Cork flooring is another renewable resource that comes in many months or cool air in the summer. The third layer is a drainage layer that ensures the
colors and styles. The cork is harvested from the bark of the cork oak tree, the tree is able removal of excess water. Depending on the type of green roof construction, the next layers
to continue to grow and regenerate new bark after the bark is harvested. Concrete is also a may include a filtration layer; usually a fabric that keeps the soil in place making sure water
natural material and it can also be 100% recycled, today’s concrete floors come in many doesn’t carry small particles into the drainage system, or a root repellent layer. The last few
colors, polishes, and designs. Natural slate and stone is another sustainable option and layers consist of a growth medium or soil, a water storage and irrigation layer that keeps the
many times it can be obtained locally. Other flooring made from sustainable sources plants from drying out and the final layer; the vegetation.
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emissions of greenhouse gases. The hotel saves $18,000 annually in natural gas costs. It
also sells renewable energy credits at $20,000/year. At the time of installation, the Proximity
Native Landscaping received a 35% Federal Tax Credit as well as a 30% North Carolina State Tax Credit for the
solar hot water system. With these incentives, the $450,000 investment has a payback of 4-
5 years. The solar panels are the most visible of the hotel’s more than 70 sustainable
practices as they can be seen easily on the roof of the hotel
6.2.7 Efficient HVAC System
Install HVAC System with Energy Recovery Units and Variable Refrigerant Volume Heat
Pumps
Hotel Indigo installed a Mitsubishi City Multi Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) split HVAC
system which utilizes energy recovery units and VRV heat pumps to maximize the
building’s energy performance. These systems are nearly 30% more efficient than the
PTAC (Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner) units typically found in hotel guest rooms and
account for a 23% reduction in building energy use, translating to annual savings of
$34,462. The energy recovery units have a payback of just 3.5 years. The HVAC system
also improves indoor air quality and contributes to occupant comfort and well-being with its
guest-friendly, individually controlled digital thermostats. Software gives front desk staff
ability to monitor guestroom occupancy and adjust temperature levels accordingly, further
6.2.5 Native Landscaping conserving energy and reducing operating costs.
Landscape with Native Species that Require Little or No Irrigation
The Westin Riverfront Resort & Spa’s grounds were landscaped using native plant species
that can survive in a hostile, high-altitude environment with little or no irrigation. A few
exceptions were made for some very limited areas of sod and annual flower beds at key
entry points. This strategy allowed the property to significantly reduce water use, an
important environmental priority in Colorado. In addition to ongoing water cost savings, the
native plant species save the hotel money in other ways: they require no fertilizer and less
maintenance, and are more affordable to purchase than non-native species. Guests
appreciate the use of native plant species, saying that they come to the mountains to be
surrounded by pine trees and aspen trees instead of plain lawns, which they can find
anywhere.
6.2.6 Solar-Heated Hot Water
Install Rooftop Solar Water Heating System
One hundred solar panels cover the Proximity’s 4,000-square-foot rooftop, providing around
60% of the hot water used by both the hotel and the restaurant inside it. By eliminating over
half its water heating energy use, the hotel avoids using other fuel sources and reduces its
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7.0 TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS

7.1 Structural System and Constructions Details
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7.1.1 Foundation
- Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar 7.1.3 Shear Wall
elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete and sometimes timber.
A foundation is described as piled when its depth is more than three times its
breadth
7.1.4 Reinforced concrete floor slab
7.1.2 Reinforced concrete beam and column connection

- Beams area set on bearing pads on the column corbels.
- Steel angles are welded to metal plates cast into the beams and columns and the
joint is grouted solid
7.1.5 Roof
- SMARTROOF
“SMARTROOF, the all-new openable roofing system, comprises of an array of heavy

duty extruded Aluminium louvers. By a simple flick of the switch, you can decide if you
want more of the outdoors or indoors – simply by controlling the movement of the
louvers to an angle that gives you control over more sunlight or less, more breeze or
less or to even make it rainproof.
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SMARTROOF is precision engineered conforming to Australian / EU specs, elegantly

crafted, corrosion resistant and leak proof. The aluminium louvers can be powder-
coated in the colour of choice, with a matching support frame, to blend brilliantly with
any architectural style. Multiple banks of louvers provide almost limitless design options.
SMARTROOF offers unmatched value and performance for covering a patio, courtyard,
terrace garden, outdoor entertaining areas, swimming pool deck, atrium and open-air
restaurant.
The SMARTROOF louvered roof is an ingenious mechanism that transforms a solid

waterproof covering to a Pergola-style covering that gives light, ventilation and a view of
the sky above.”
- Schüco sliding shutters – ALB
Schüco ALB sliding shutters provide ideal screening and solar shading for windows and
façades in residential and commercial premises. Shape and colour as individual design
options and a wide range of sliding shutter infills enhance function and design. Key
benefits
 Four different sliding shutter infills for sliding shutters with and without a clear
view through
 Very quiet, electricallyoperated or manually-operated sliding shutters
 Highly accurate fit due to notched belt drive
 Quick installation due to a high level of prefabrication with a simple modular
construction principle
 Minimal basic depth and easy handling
7.1.6 Reinforced concrete structure
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7.1.7 Local materials

a. Bamboo
b. Timber
c. Stone
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elements is usually limited to around 100 feet. Split-systems are popular in small,
single-story buildings. For this unit you don’t have to make any slot in the wall of the
7.2 Mechanical and electrical system room.
7.2.1 HVAC Systems Flexibility is the overriding advantage of a split system. Because a split system is
7.2.1.1 Central systems connected through a custom designed refrigerant piping system, the engineer has a
CENTRAL SYSTEMS Centralized systems are defined as those in which the large variety of possible solutions available to meet architectural and physical
cooling (chilled water) is generated in a chiller at one base location and distributed to requirements particularly for buildings with indoor and/or outdoor space constraints. For
air-handling units or fan-coil units located throughout the building spaces. The air is example, the evaporator unit might be located in a basement; interior closet or attic
cooled with secondary media (chilled water) and is transferred through air distribution while the compressor/ condenser unit might be located on the side, rear or roof of a
ducts. A typical chilled water central system is depicted in Figure below. The system is building.
broken down into three major subsystems: the chilled water plant, the condenser water
system (or heat rejection system) and the air-delivery system.
7.2.1.2 Split Air conditioning Systems

The split air conditioner comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor
unit. The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses components like the compressor,
condenser and expansion valve. The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling
coil and the cooling fan. The indoor and outdoor units are connected by refrigerant pipe Split air conditioning
that transfers the refrigerant. Separation distance between exterior and interior
Central system
44
7.2.2 Security system From a computer program, you can control who can go where at what time. These
7.2.2.1 Control Room systems provide a log of when and where certain cards were used, as well as where
Control Room - core functional entity, and its associated physical structure, someone attempted to use them. Management can control electronic card access
where control room operators are stationed to carry out centralized control, monitoring systems, granting employees certain privilegesat facility doors. The system only allows
and administrative responsibilities (source: ISO 11064-3). that person into the specific door areas at the predetermined times. Furthermore, when
someone leaves your organization, you no longer need to re-key or change the lock on
Control Suite - group of functionally related rooms, co-located with the control every door. People leaving the organization have their access privileges erased from
room, and including it, which house the supporting functions to the control room, such the system electronically. Because entry privileges can be removed electronically, many
as related offices, equipment rooms, rest areas and training rooms (source: ISO 11064- facilities where membership or rental status is required for access to the location, may
3). control entry through an access control system. Schools and larger facilities may have
their cards imprinted with a photo, logo, and work title. This additional labelling on the
Control Centre - combination of control rooms, control suites and local control card worn with a lanyard or clip identifies building occupants, and provides quick
stations which are functionally related and all on the same site (source: ISO 11064-3). identification.
- Hotel room door locks

A dead bolt, deadbolt or dead lock is a locking mechanism distinct from a spring bolt
lock because a deadbolt cannot be moved to the open position except by rotating the
lock cylinder with the key. The more common spring bolt lock uses a spring to hold the
bolt in place, allowing retraction by applying force to the bolt itself. A deadbolt can
7.2.2.2 Technology
therefore make a door more resistant to entry without the correctkey.
- Key Card Access Review
Electronic access cards are currently the most secure building option. They replace
locks with intelligently controlled devices, and are operated by swiping an authorized
card, which unlocks the respective door. Doors may be unlocked during business hours
and locked at a pre-programmed time. This eliminates the need to lock doors manually.
Propping doors open is common; sensors on the door may also provide notification of a
door propped open for a period of time. Electronic card access systems allow business
owners and building managers an unparalleled degree of control.
45
A door chain, security chain, or security door chain consists of a small chain attached to a) Bullet Camera
the door frame, which attaches to a track on the door for security purposes. It is a type
A bullet CCTV camera is a wall-mount or ceiling-mounted unit that is typically designed
of lock that is often used along with other types of locks to secure a door. for indoor use, but can also be fill some outdoor applications. The camera derives its
name from its sleek, thin cylindrical shape. Many bullet cameras also tout themselves
Door chains are mainly intended to allow a person inside a structure to open the door as being waterproof. The camera is not typically designed to have pan/tilt/zoom control
slightly for purposes of communicating with individuals outside or exchanging small but instead to capture images from a fixed area. The unit is mounted pointing at a
objects through the door while still preventing the individuals outside from gaining particular area.
unauthorized access into the structure. Door chains also can be set in place when the
door does not need to be opened.
They can only be touched from outside when the door has been opened, and therefore,
if the locks on the door are compromised, a door chain may cause some delay, draw
more attention, or leave more evidence of force being used when gaining unauthorized
access to the structure. Door chains installed on hollow-core doors, or that are not
anchored into solid materials (such as the wood door frame) do not provide protection.
This is because the chain can easily be defeated by pushing on a door. The chains are
helpful to alert the person inside that someone is breaking through a door. The noise
may be heard by the occupants giving them time to call for help, escape via another exit,
or get a weapon to protect them.
b) Discreet Camera
It’s clock… it’s a smoke detector… it’s motion sensor. The real answer is none of the
above. These are just some of the disguises for covert cameras. Of course, covert
cameras can also be characterized by conventional cameras placed in discreet
locations.
- Security Cameras
Security camera which is known as closed-circuit television (CCTV) use to transmit a
signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from broadcast television
in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point (P2P),
point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links. CCTV equipment may be used to observe
parts of a process from a central control room which security personal in charge. Any
suspicious activities could be detected earlier to prevent any criminal activities to take
place.
Types of security cameras

46
c) Infrared Camera
These night-vision cameras have the ability to see images in pitch black conditions
using IR LEDs. In some cases they are for mobile applications. This camera is usually
using in outdoor or basement areas where lack of good lighting is not always available.
7.2.3.2 Electrical Power Distribution Design in Hotel (Main Destribution component)

i) Main power distribution board and distributor construction
A Circuit breakers and switch disconnect to switch on and off electrical system
parts and to protect the electrical system and downstream cables in the event of
a short circuit. It also ensures selective disconnection of a network section
affected by a fault.
ii) Distribution boards as floor-by-floor sub-distribution boards on all floors A Similar

function as the main distribution board. It was installed in certain area or floor;
Kitchen or bedrooms in each floor. It further controlled the selective network
section by switch on and off the part of there.
iii) Electrical power motor

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy. The motors as drives for pumps, fans, sprinklers, lifts,
revolving doors and so on.
iv) Switches and power outlets

7.2.3 Power Supply and Distribution It function as an activation of basic functions (powering up/ down of heating, air-
7.2.3.1 TNB Electrical Substation conditioning etc.) It also is a CENTRAL ON/OFF for light and power outlet circuits
The TNB electrical substation normally located on the ground floor level. The substation (lighting, televisions etc.) Hotel card switch is one of the examples to control or
is an assembly consisting of primary voltage switch and fuses circuit breakers, step activate the room.
down transformer, meters controls, bus work and secondary switchgear. The function of
the substation is used for stepping up voltage for transmission, stepping it down for
v) Building automation system
distribution, and for switching purposes through the switchgear. The transformer vault
Building automation is the automatic centralized control of a building's heating,
has a fire rated enclosure because of the possibility of fire due to the rupture of an oil--
ventilation and air conditioning, lighting and other systems. It is a distributed
filled transformer case. The substation is properly ventilated with louvered metal doors.
control system - the computer networking of electronic devices designed to
Fire protection system in the form of automatic CO2 extinguisher system is installed in
monitor and control the system in order to improved occupant comfort, efficient
this room along with smoke detectors. The substation is handed over to the TNB once
operation of building systems, and reduction in energy consumption and
the building is completed. Substations are normally outdoors and are enclosed by a wire
operating costs.
fence. However in residential or high density areas, the substation may be indoors and
housed inside a building to restrict the humming noise of the huge transformers.
47
vi) Generator Setup

A gen-set (generator setup) is a self-contained and dedicated electrical 7.2.3.3 Electrical System
generation system, usually portable or mounted on a building. The generator set
is made up of the fuel system and the set itself with exhaust facilities and acts as Electricity is an essential source of power in the normal usage and maintenance of any
a backup power supply needed to supply electricity to the stairs, lifts and modern office space. Electrical power is required to drive the air handling units, pumps and
emergency lighting in case the normal power fails. The set runs on diesel and chillers of the HVAC system. Electrical power is also utilized as the motive power for the
automatically runs when there is a cut in the power supply. elevators, which supply vertical transportation within the office building. Electricity is not just
a source of motion power for the machinery that allows a modern office complex to function.
vii) UPS system It is also essential in the efficient functioning of any modern business. Today, natural light is
An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) is an electrical apparatus that provides seldom an adequate light source and must be supplemented by electrical lights. The very
functioning of a business is dependent on such devices as typewriters, copiers, calculators,
emergency power to a load when the input power source is down. The on-battery
computers and the essential coffee pot. All of which requires electrical power. The electrical
runtime mostly only a few minutes but sufficient to start a standby power source
system that supplies all of the diverse needs mentioned above originates from a single
or properly shut down the protected equipment. A UPS is also used to protect
utility source. From this central source the power is broken down into many different
hardware such as computers, data centres, telecommunication equipment or
electrical circuits that must service all of the various needs of the building.
other electrical equipment where an unexpected power disruption could cause
injuries, fatalities, or data loss.
48
collector is fitted above the cold feed cistern. This causes no problems because the
7.2.4 Water Supply primary circuit from the solar collector forms part of a closed system. The water in the
7.2.4.1 Hot and cold water supply primary circuit is made to circulate by means of a pump which is switched on
A hot and cold water supply system supplies the hot and cold water to the water outlets; automatically should the temperature in the top of the collector be higher than that in the
water faucets, shower, water closet WC ect. A hot and cold water supply system base of the hot storage vessel. However, it is possible to design a gravity system,
comprises the heating mechanism, the water pumping mechanism, and the piping providing the collector can be located sufficiently far below the warm store vessel to
network that transports the hot and cold water throughout the building including the allow circulation to take place.
valves and fittings used in the process.
7.2.4.2 Solar hot water supply

This is a dhw system which utilises energy from the sun. It collects the radiant heat
waves in a solar collector, usually located on the roof. A simple solar collector consists
of a thin vessel painted matt black with piping attached flowing to and from a hot
storage vessel. It is covered with double- or triple-glazing and backed by thermal
insulation material. The collector is sited at a convenient position to catch the solar heat,
usually at an angle of 40◦ and facing south. Designs of solar heating systems can vary,
and because of the unreliable weather in the UK, would not be used in any dwelling as
the only form of heating for water. Generally, cold water is supplied to a warm store
vessel which is heated by solar energy; the water then passes onto the normal
conventional hot storage cylinder and is supplied with additional heat (if required) by a
boiler or electric immersion heater. Note that in the system shown opposite, the solar
49
and ending at the storey exit. Where the measurement includes stairs, it shall be taken in the
7.2.5 Fire fighting and fire protection system plane of trend noising. The minimum distance within the building is 30 meters thus the location
7.2.5.1 Fire Fighting Protection System between the fire escape staircases is limited to 60 meters.
Fire Safety Systems is a generic term used to describe any number of installations that Exit doors and other means of escape
provide fire safety, or increase it, in buildings. These systems can be of an active, or Exits are to be accessible at all times. It is important to ensure occupants’ safety when they are
in the building or outside the building and also when they are making their efforts in escaping.
passive design, or fire fighting systems used by occupants or fire-fighters, and fire
response and plans enacted by building occupants that can, either in combination with
Exits to be accessible at all time
other systems, or alone, increase the fire safety afforded to occupants of a building
Section 166
should fire occur. Fire fighting systems are those that need to be used by occupants or
1. Except as permitted by by-law 167, not less than two separate exits shall be provided from
responding firefighters to extinguish or retard a fire. Such systems as fire hose reels, fire each storey together with such additional exits as may be necessary
hydrants, dry risers, or portable fire extinguishers fit into this category. Passive fire
fighting system is the elements in the structure of a building that is able to perform its 2. The exits shall be so sited and the exit access shall be so arranged that the exits are within
functions as an agent to control restricts and contain the smoke and flames during a fire the limits of travel distances as specified in the Seventh Schedule to these by-laws and are
without external assistance. It is different with the active fire protection where require readily accessible at all times.
external support system such as fire alarm, sprinkler, and etc.
Door closers for the fire doors
th
According 5 schedule of UBBL 1984, Designation of Purpose Group: Section 164
1. All fire doors shall be fitted with automatic door closers of the hydraulically spring operated
Number of Descriptive Purposes for which building or compartment is intended type in the case of swing doors and of wire rope and weight type in the case of sliding doors
purpose title to
group be used Emergency exit signs
Section 172
III Other - Hotel 1. Storey exits and access to such exits shall be marked by readily visible signs and shall not
Residential - Groups with residential elements i.e. there  be obscured by any decorations, furnishings or other equipment
is sleeping accommodation (extra danger in 2. A sign “Keluar” with an arrow indicating the direction shall be placed in every location where
the event of  fire)  the direction of travel to reach the nearest exit is not immediately
4. All exit signs shall be illuminated continuously during periods of occupancy. A sign indicating
7.2.5.2 Means of escape “Keluar” or “Exit” is to lead users to a safe area; it can be inside or outside the building
An escape route should lead people to a safely place. The ultimate place of safety is the
open at outside the building, clear from the effects of the fire. Protected staircase and Fire lifts
protected corridor must not contain combustible materials and are designed to keep out During an outbreak of fire, all lift will stop operating and shall return to the lower ground. The
flame, smoke and gases. only lift operating is the fire lift.
Primary means of escapes:
- Alternative means of escape to be made possible. Section 243
- To direct a shortest route to a place of safety, such as outside the building or if still 1. In a building where the top occupied floor is over 18.5meters above the fire appliance
within a building, a protected or isolated passageway, stairs or refuge areas which lead access level, fire lifts shall be provided.
to the outside of a building. 3. The fire lifts shall be located within a separated protected shaft if it opens into a separate
lobby.
4. Fire lifts shall be provided at the rate of one lift in every group of lifts which discharges into
the same protected enclosure or smoke lobby containing the rising main, provided that the fire
lifts are located not more than 61meters travel distance from the furthermost point of the door.
Measurement of travel distance to exits
Section 165 Fire staircases
The travel distance to an exit shall be measured on the floor or other walking surface along the Fire staircases are exit route that leads to the outside of the building. It should be well-
center line of the natural path of travel, starting 0.300 meter from the most remote point of protected so that during a fire outbreak, it can still be strong enough to stand as a means of
occupancy, curving around any corners or obstructions with 0.300 meter clearance therefrom escape for occupants.
50
Section 167 and 25 mm in diameter. Nozzles should be of the jet and spray adjustable type of different
1. Excerpt as provided for by-law 194, every compartment shall be provided with at least 2 diameters but 8mm is a recommended size.
storey exits located as far as practical from each other and in no case closer than 4.5m and in
such position that the travel distance specified in the 7th schedule to these by-laws are not Pipe work for hose reel system is generally 50mm nominal diameter and the feed to individual
exceeded. hose reel should not be less than 25mm diameter. The piping should be galvanized steel
medium grade (Class B) minimum for above ground piping and heavy grade (Class C) for
2. The required width of a staircase shall be maintained throughout its length including at underground pipes. The pipes should be painted with primer and finished with red paint or the
landings. hose reel pipe may be identified with red bands painted at elbows and tees.
Staircases
Section 168 Hose reels may be of different types: fixed, swinging and swinging-recessed.
1. Excerpt as provided for by-law 194, upper floor shall have a means of egress via at least
two separate staircases.
2. Staircase shall be of such width that in the event of any one staircase not being available for 7.2.5.4 Water storage
escape purpose the remaining staircases shall accommodate the highest occupancy with - Section 247
provisions in 7th Schedule to these by-laws. 1. Water Storage capacities and water flow rate for the firefighting systems and installations
shall be provided in accordance with the scale as set out in the 10th Schedule
3. The required width of staircase shall be clear with between walls but handrails maybe 2. Main water storage tanks within the building, other than for hose reel system, shall be
permitted to encroach on this width to a maximum of 75mm. located at ground, first or second basement level, with fire brigade pumping inlet connections
accessible to the fire appliances.
4. The required width of staircase shall be maintained throughout its length including landing.
5. Doors giving access to staircase shall be so positioned that their swing shall at no point
encroach one the required width of the staircase or landing.
Ventilation of staircases enclosure

Section 198
1. All staircases enclosures shall be ventilated at each floor or landing level by either
permanent openings or operable windows to the open air having free area of not less than 1
square meter per floor.
Among the specification required:
i. They are built from compartment walls with minimum FRP (Fire Resistant Period) 2 hours
ii. The door that leads to the exit route too is of minimum FRP 2 hours
iii. Number of threads should not exceed 16 in a single flight
iv. Dimensions of threads and risers shall not led than 255mm and risers not more than
180mm
v. Length of landing not less than width
7.2.5.3 Hose Reel System

Hose reel system is intended for the occupants to use during early stages of fire and
comprises hose reel pumps, fire storage water tank, hose reels, pipe works and valve.
Design Standard
7.2.5.5 Portable Fire Extinguisher
Hose reels should comply with M.S. 1447: 1999 and are usually placed within 30m hose
- Section 227
coverage of each hose reels. One hose reel should be provided for every 800m2 of usable
Portable fire extinguishers are intended for the occupants to use to extinguish a fire during its
floor space. Hose reels are usually located in prominent positions at each floor level along
escape routes or beside exit doors or staircase. early stage before he fire gets out of control. Portable extinguisher shall be provided in
accordance with the relevant codes of practice and shall be sited in prominent positions on exit
Each hose reel outside is to discharge a minimum of 30 1/min of water within 6m of all parts of routes to be visible from all directions and similar extinguishers in a building shall be of the
the space protected. The rubber hoses should be to pr EN 694 and are typically 30m in length same method of operation.
51
- Dry pipe installation where the pipe is always filled with air under pressure. Air is
released when the sprinkler bulb breaks and water fills the pipe and is discharged at the
sprinkler head.
According to UBBL, the portable fire extinguisher should be located near to exit door and
staircase doors. Extinguisher need to be put inside the retails depends on the area usage
of the space.
7.2.5.6 Spinklers System
The provision of Automatic Sprinklers (By-law 136) in effect, extends the period within which
occupants can make their way to safety by acting as an early fire extinguishment or
containment system. The ability to contain a fire before it gets out of control is recognized and
consequently, the limits of dimensions are allowed to be doubled to reflect the reduced risks in
sprinkled buildings.
52
53
8.0 CONCLUSION 9.0 References
UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAWS 1984, Legal Research Board, International Book Services,
The design disciplines are varied, but all share the challenges of creating a pleasing design. A 1996
successful design is the result of a series design process. This report is an outcome of the final
project that recorded the development process from initial ideas until the final detailing of the project. GUIDE TO FIRE PROTECTION IN MALAYSIA, Prof. Datuk Dr. Soh Chai Hock, SP-Muda
Printing Sdn Bhd, 2000
The site analysis is the initial steps in the design process after the site visit and the issue of the
project brief. The site analysis is done in group and from the presentation of the site analysis; the BUILDING CONSTRUCTION ILLUSTRATED 3rd EDIRION, Francis D.K. Ching and
personal synthesis is made that contribute to the generation of the design intention. Organized and Cassandra Adams, John Wiley and Sons Publishing Inc. 2001
sequential design process trained student to produce a successful design.
ARCHITECTS’ DATA 3RD EDITION, Ernst and Peter Neufert.
The interimcrit and design consultation are held every week to ensure the students do not drag
behind the design process. The interim crit and consultation helped student to redefine their design
in terms of concept, spatial arrangement, building services and structure etc. Lecturers and tutors
have contributed a lot in student idea development process.
This is the very first project we did study thoroughly the services of the building. The continual study
in this aspect helps me to understand the needs and rules for going not against the law. This has
definitely made my design more user-friendly. I realised that there is a fact that we might need to
consider the building’s services at the early design stage. I am proud that I could come out with a
scheme which I am really satisfied with it. I believe there must be a lot of things to be improved, but
at this stage, I like the design and my ideas of course and I had tried my best within the time given.
This would definitely colourise my design approach in coming projects. Many efforts have been
made in redefining and making the project better until the final outcome as shown in the images
above. This effort will be continuing in the future no matter the project size and scale to fulfil the
responsibility as an architect.
Last but not least, thanks to all of my lecturers and course mates lending your helping hands along
the way to make this project succeed.
54

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ARC 4903 INTERGRATED DESIGN

FINAL DESIGN & TECHNICAL REPORT

LEONG YIN CHEN 168686

Dedicated to the farewell to my part 1 Archi-Putra life

1.1 Project Objective 7.1 Structure system and constructions details

1.2 Project Brief 7.2 Mechanical and electrical system

1.3 Project Requirements 8.0 CONCLUSION

1.4 Project Location 9.0 REFERENCES

2.0 SITE STUDY

2.1 History and Background

2.2 Site Information

2.3 Macro Site Analysis & Synthesis

2.4 Micro Site Analysis & Synthesis

3.0 CASE STUDY

3.1 Puri hotel

3.2 Swiss garden hotel

3.3 Parkroyal hotel

4.0 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT

4.1 Design issues

4.2 Design intention / concept

4.3 Design strategies

5.0 SPACE PLANNING DEVELOPMENT

5.1 Site planning and orientation

5.2 Space programs and context

6.0 GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES

6.1 Passive design strategies

6.2 Other sustainable consideration

1.1 Project Objective 1.3 Project Requirement

3. The design character that based on the selected theme should be

5. Apart of the basic conventional hotels elements, students may extends

6. Accessibility, universal design, green design, sustainability, tropical

1.4 Project Location

GUESTROOMS, BATHROOMS AND

2.0 SITE STUDY

2.1 History and Background

2.2 Site information

The strategic location of the site which is nearby :

Site Limit Radius:

300m, 4 minutes by walk

Total area site boundary: 9238.60 sqm

Plot Ration Provision – 1:3

2.3 Macro Site Analysis & Synthesis

2.4 Micro Site Analysis & Synthesis

3.0 CASE STUDY

3.1 HOTEL PURI

3.2 SWISS GARDEN HOTEL

3.3 PARKROYAL on Pickering / WOHA

4.0 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT

4.2 Design Strategies

4.3 Design Intention / Concept

- Creating a void as a TROPICAL RESTORATION OF BIODIVERSITY

- An opening at the ground floor to

- Creating green belt along the

Biodiversity design – creating ecological rest stations

- Habitats for small animals

4. Connectivity effect – connecting green spaces to green belts facilities the

5.0 SPACE PLANNING DEVELOPMENT

5.1 Site Planning and Orientation

5.2.1 ARRIVAL: 5.2.4 Restaurant Standard:

• Local regulations may require

• A ‘Day-room’ shall be incorporated into the design • Maintenance department stores.

• Cleaning Materials/Chemicals and Equipment Store

• Sufficient space for unloading a delivery vehicle.