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Section 1107
General Chemistry
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
Semester 1 Academic year 2017 - 2018
Abstract
Result : We got the result (specimen) in form of shiny crystal rod with the colour of wine.
Introduction
This lab report shows the result and the analysis of the experiment of
tetramethylammonium triiodide synthesis. The purposes of the experiment is to synthesize
crystal from tetramethylammonium from two amount of iodine, study the differences of
crystallization between them and also to apply the knowledge of glassware, chemical
structure, balance and calculation.
Before doing this experiment, there are some background knowledges that we need to
know. The first one is chemical structure. According to Helmenstine (2017):
A chemical formula is an expression which states the number and type of
atoms present in a molecule of a substance. The type of atom is given using
element symbols. The number of atoms is indicated by a subscript following
the element symbol. (para. 1)
The chemical structure is based on the chemical formular, but the difference is that the
chemical structure is the three dimensional shape or configuration of a molecule. It is
like the visual of the chemical structure. This experiment involves the structure of
tetramethylammonium triiodide ( M e4 N + I 3− ) which is the combination of
tetramethylammonium iodide ( M e4 N + I − ) and Iodine ( I 2 ). We can write the chemical
formular as: M e4 N + I − + I 2 => M e4 N + I 3− and hence the chemical structure will be:
The structure determination can be applied to a range of targets from very simple molecules
such as diatomic oxygen or nitrogen, to very complex ones such as protein or DNA.
(Chemspider, n.d.)
Converting between moles and grams of a substance is often important. This conversion
can be easily done when the atomic and/or molecular mass of the substance(s) are known.
Given the atomic or molecular mass of a substance, that mass in grams makes a mole of the
substance. For example, calcium has an atomic mass of 40 atomic mass units. So, 40 grams
of calcium makes one mole, 80 grams makes two moles, etc. (Purdue Libraries , 2016)
Crystallization is the way that atoms gather to make tightly bonded or connected groups. It
separates a solid from a liquid or sometimes from a gas. Crystallization can be from a melt or
from a solution, and can be natural or artificial. Faster crystallization can make smaller
crystals as in basalt, and slower can make bigger ones as in granite. (Encyclopedia
Britannica,2016)
Experiment
Materials-chemical
- Tetramethylammonium iodide ( M e4 N + I − ) 0.5g
- Iodine ( I 2 ) 0.6g
- Hexane ( C 6 H 14 ) 2x7 mL
Equipment/glassware
- 50 mL beaker
- Spactula
- Weighing paper
- Stirring rod
- hot plate
- Ice bath
- Buchner funnel/funnel vacuum
- Filtration paper
- Weighing Paper
- Watch glass
- Electronic balance
- Capped vial
- Fume Hood
Procedures/flowchart
Results
The result of the product we get is the crystal of tetramethylammonium triiodide. The
physical properties are dark purple or wine color, long and thin like rod shape of crystal. For
the chemical properties, the structure we get is M e4 N + I − + I 2 => M e4 N + I 3− The
theoreticcal yield is 1.0752804g. M e4 N + I 3− and the actual yield is 0.90 g. M e4 N + I 3−
Lastly, the percent yield is 83.7%.
Molecular mass of M e4 N + I −
Molecular mass of I 2
1.07528064 x ...g of
= 0.9 * 100
= 1.07528064
Discussion
Table 1: Amount of Substances used in the experiment; both in grams and moles.
Substance Grams Mole
This lab report has discussed about the synthesis of tetramethylammonium triiodide.
Based on the data, our percentage yield in this experiment is 83.7 This experiment allows us
to apply our knowledge to use proper glassware, study crystallization and the different
between two substances, calculate moles, weight of substance, and percentage yield.
Suggestion