Temperature: increased temperature increases the reaction rate Concentration: increased concentration increases the reaction rate Particle Size: decreased particle size (increased surface area) increases reaction rate Catalyst: presence of a catalyst increases the reaction rate but is not used as part of the reaction.
Reversible Reactions
Chemical Equilibrium: forward reaction and backward reaction at the same rate
Chemical Equilibrium Position: relative to the concentration of the components
Le Châtelier's principle: the system changes to relieve stress
Entropy: disorder of a system (Ex. Marbles), Greatest entropy – Gas, Least entropy – Solid
Law of Disorder: Processes move in the direction of maximum disorder (randomness)
Rates of Reactions:
Temperature: increased temperature increases the reaction rate
Concentration: increased concentration increases the reaction rate Particle Size: decreased particle size (increased surface area) increases reaction rate Catalyst: presence of a catalyst increases the reaction rate but is not used as part of the reaction.
“Foundations to Flight: Mastering Physics from Curiosity to Confidence: Cipher 4”: “Foundations to Flight: Mastering Physics from Curiosity to Confidence, #4