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Chapter 19

Factors that Effect Reaction Rates:


 Temperature: increased temperature increases the reaction rate
 Concentration: increased concentration increases the reaction rate
 Particle Size: decreased particle size (increased surface area) increases reaction rate
 Catalyst: presence of a catalyst increases the reaction rate but is not used as part of the
reaction.

Reversible Reactions

Chemical Equilibrium: forward reaction and backward reaction at the same rate

Chemical Equilibrium Position: relative to the concentration of the components

Le Châtelier's principle: the system changes to relieve stress


Entropy: disorder of a system (Ex. Marbles), Greatest entropy – Gas, Least entropy – Solid

Law of Disorder: Processes move in the direction of maximum disorder (randomness)


Rates of Reactions:

 Temperature: increased temperature increases the reaction rate


 Concentration: increased concentration increases the reaction rate
 Particle Size: decreased particle size (increased surface area) increases reaction rate
 Catalyst: presence of a catalyst increases the reaction rate but is not used as part of the
reaction.

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