CASADEI et al.

: MATRIX CONVERTER MODULATION STRATEGIES 375

Fig. 5. Double-sided switching pattern in a cycle period T .

Using the SVM technique, the switching pattern is defined The three duty cycles , , and in the first row
by the switching configuration sequence. With reference to the of the modulation duty-cycle matrix can be represented by the
particular case of the output voltage vector lying in sector 1 and duty-cycle space vector , defined by the following transfor-
input current vector lying in sector 1, the switching configura- mation equation:
tions selected are, in general, , , , 1, 3, 7, 9. It can
be verified that there is only one switching configuration se- (21)
quence characterized by only one switch commutation for each
switching configuration change, that is, , 3, 9, , 7, 1, Taking into account the constraint condition (4), the inverse
. The corresponding general double-sided switching pattern is transformations are (see the Appendix)
shown in Fig. 5.
The use of the three zero configurations leads to 12 switch (22)
commutations in each cycle period. It should be noted that the
possibility to select the duty cycles of three zero configura- (23)
tions gives two degrees of freedom, being
. This two degrees of freedom can be utilized (24)
to define different switching patterns, characterized by different
behavior in terms of ripple of the input and output quantities. In A similar transformation can be introduced for the second
particular, the two degrees of freedom might be utilized to elim- and third rows of the modulation duty-cycle matrix (1), defining
inate one or two zero configurations, also affecting the number respectively and . In general, we can write
of commutations in each cycle period.
In the following, reference will be made to two particular
cases of SVM techniques. The first one, called Symmetrical
SVM (SSVM), utilizes all the three zero configurations in each (25)
cycle period, with equal duty cycles. As a consequence, 12
switch commutations occur in each cycle period. The second
one, called Asymmetrical SVM (ASVM), utilizes only one of (26)
the three zero configurations, that is, the configuration located
In order to explain the meaning of this new duty-cycle space-
in the middle of each half of the switching pattern (configura-
vector approach, the geometrical representation of in the –
tion in Fig. 5). In this way, the switches of one column (in
plane will be discussed.
this case, the first one of Fig. 1) of the matrix converter do not
Taking the constraints (3) into account, it can be realized that
change their state, and the number of switch commutations in
all the acceptable values for are inside a region, represented
each cycle period is reduced to 8 ( is always on, and
in Fig. 6 by the equilateral triangle ABC. In fact, the acceptable
are always off in Fig. 5).
values for are inside the region delimited by the two vertical
parallel lines obtained by solving (22) for and
IV. NEW DUTY-CYCLE SPACE VECTOR APPROACH , respectively. In the same way, two regions delimited by two
A new and very efficient mathematical approach for the anal- parallel lines can be defined with reference to and .
ysis of matrix converter modulation techniques can be devel- The intersection among the three regions leads to the triangular
oped by using the space-vector notation and introducing the domain ABC of Fig. 6, which includes all the possible values
concept of “duty-cycle space vector.” for , and then any combination of , , and .