In Chapter 12 Many sports
are played on fields marked by
INTRODUCTION
Properties of a Rectangle
Area of a Rectangle
Perimeter of a Rectangle
The Sides and Angles of a Rectangle
parallel lines. A tennis court
has parallel serving lines for
each player. Parallel lines
divide the court for singles and
doubles play. The service box
is marked by perpendicular
lines.
A Rectangle is a four sided figure whose
opposite sides are parallel and equal in length,
diagonals are equal and angles between
adjacent sides are right angles.

Properties of a Rectangle

A rectangle is a quadrilateral with four right angles. Since both pairs of opposite
angles are congruent, it follows that it is a special type of parallelogram. Thus, a
rectangle has all the properties of a parallelogram. In addition, the diagonals of a
rectangle are also congruent.

Properties Examples
1. Opposite sides are ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐶 , ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 // ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐶
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐴𝐷
congruent and parallel. 𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅, ̅̅̅̅ //𝐴𝐷
𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
2. Opposite angles are ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐶
congruent. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐷
3. Consecutive angles are 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐵 = 180°
supplementary. 𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠𝐶 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐶 + 𝑚∠𝐷 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐷 + 𝑚∠𝐴 = 180°
4. Diagonals are ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷
̅̅̅̅ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵𝐷
congruent and bisect 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ bisect each
each other. other.
5. All four angles are 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 =
right angles. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 90°
  Example

Quadrilateral 𝑀𝑁𝑂𝑃 is a billboard in the shape of a

rectangle. If 𝑀𝑂 = 6𝑥 + 14 and 𝑃𝑁 = 9𝑥 + 5, find
𝑥. Then find 𝑁𝑅.

Solution

̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑁 Diagonals of a rectangle are ≅
𝑀𝑂 = 𝑃𝑁 Definition of congruent segments
6𝑥 + 14 = 9𝑥 + 5 Substitution
14 = 3𝑥 + 5 Subtract 6𝑥 from each side
9 = 3𝑥 Subtract 5 from each side
3=𝑥 Divide each side by 3

1
𝑁𝑅 = 2 𝑃𝑁 Diagonals bisect each other
1
= 2 (9𝑥 + 5) Substitution
1
= 2 (9 . 3 + 5) Substitute 3 for 𝑥

1
= (27 + 5)
2
1
= (32)
2
= 16
Area of a Rectangle

To find the area of a rectangle, just multiply the length times the width:

𝑎 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝑏 = 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝐵𝐶 + 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝐷𝐶

1 1
= (𝐴𝐵)(𝐵𝐶) + (DC)(AD)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏
2 2
= 𝑎𝑏

 Examples

1. A rectangle has a length of 6 inches and a width of 4 inches. The

area is ... 𝑖𝑛2

Solution

Area of rectangle is 𝐿 × 𝑊, where L is the length and W is the width.

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 6 × 4 = 24 𝑖𝑛2
 Examples
2. The are of a rectangle is 45 𝑐𝑚2 . If its length is 9 𝑐𝑚, then its
width is ... 𝑐𝑚.

Solution

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝐿 × 𝑊

45 = 9 × 𝑊

45
𝑊=
9
𝑊 = 5𝑐𝑚

 Examples

3. The length of a rectangle is 6 cm and the width is 4 cm. If the

length is greater by 2 cm, what should the width be so that the new
rectangle have the same area as the first one?

Solution

The area of the first rectangle is 𝐿 × 𝑊 = 6 × 4 = 24 𝑐𝑚2

The nex length is 6 + 2 = 8 𝑐𝑚
24
8 × 𝑊 = 24, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑊 = = 3 𝑐𝑚
8
Perimeter of a Rectangle

To find the perimeter of a rectangle, just add up all the lengths of the sides:

𝑎 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ

𝑏 = 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ

𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 𝐴𝐵 + 𝐵𝐶 + 𝐶𝐷 + 𝐴𝐷

= 2𝑎 + 2𝑏
= 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)

 Examples

1. Find the perimeter of a rectangle when 𝐿 = 5 𝑐𝑚 and 𝑊 = 3 𝑐𝑚

Solution

𝑃 = 2(𝐿 + 𝑊)
𝑃 = 2(5 + 3)
𝑃 = 2(8)
𝑃 = 16 𝑐𝑚
Notice that it is perfectly ok to do 𝑃 = 5 + 3 + 5 + 3 = 8 + 8 = 16 𝑐𝑚

However, it is usually easier and quicker to multiply each dimenssion by 2

and adding the result.
  Examples
2 3
2. Find the perimeter of a rectangle when 𝐿 = 𝑐𝑚 and 𝑊 = 𝑐𝑚.
4 6

Solution

2 3
𝑃 =2×( + )
4 6
12 + 12
𝑃 =2×( )
24
24
𝑃 =2×( )
24
𝑃 = 2 𝑐𝑚

The Sides and Angles of a Rectangle

Opposite sides of a rectangle are the same length (congruent).

The angles of a rectangle are all congruent (the same size and measure.)

Remember that a 90 degree angle is called a "right angle."

So, a rectangle has four right angles.

Opposite angles of a rectangle are congruent.

Opposite sides of a rectangle are parallel.

1. Accent : Aksen
The extension of point A can be said with the point A accent.
2. Add up all: Tambahkan/Jumlahkan semua
To find the perimeter of rectangle, just add up all the sides.
3. Adjacent side: Sisi yang berhadapan
Rectangle has two pair adkacent sides.
4. Altitude: Ketinggian
AD and BC is altitude of the rectangle.
5. Angels: Sudut-sudut
The angles of rectangle are equal.
6. Area: Luas
To find the area of a rectangle, just multiply the length times the width.
7. Axes of symmetry : Sumbu simetri

The rectangle has the symmetry axis through each pair of opposite sides.

8. Base: Alas

The length of the base is 10 cm.

9. Beam nets : Jaring-jaring balok.

Beam nets including rectangles.

10. Bisect: Membagi dua

Diagonals are bisect each other.
11. Both Pairs : Kedua pasang

Both pairs sides of rectangle are equal.

12. Breadth : Luasnya

Breadth of a rectangle can be 2 times area of a square.

13. Circumcircle : Lingkaran

The rectangle center is the same distance as the vertices, so it has a circumcircle.

14. Coincide : Berhimpit

Rectangles that coincide have many secant.

15. Collinear : Titik terletak pada garis

All the points are collinear in the same line.

16. Commensurable Sides : Sisi yang tidak disengaja

A rectangle has commensurable sides if and only if it is tile able by a finite number
of unequal squares.

17. Congruent Shapes : Bentuk kongruen

ABCD and EFGH’s square has congruent shapes.

18. Congruent: Kongruen

The diagoonals are congruent
19. Corners: Sudut
A rectangle is a shape with four corners.
20. Crossed : Bersebrangan

BC and DF’s line are crossed.

21. Cutting Point: Titik potong

Diagonals of a rectangle has a cutting point in the middle of the rectangle.
22. Cyclic : Siklik

A rectangle is cyclic: all corners lie on a single circle

23. Dashed Lines: Garis putus-putus

This shape has a dashed line that is shown to be perpendicular to the side b.

24. Degree: Derajat

A rectangle is a four sided shape whose corners are all 90 degree angles.
25. Diagonals: Diagonal, garis atau sisi yang menghubungkan antara dua titik atau sisi
yang saling bersebrangan.
Rectangle is a parallelogram with diagonals of equal length.
26. Dimensions: Dimensi
The dimensions of rectangle are length and width.
27. Distance : Jarak

The legth of AB is the distance of the rectangle.

28. Divided : Membagi

One diagonal on a rectangle divides 2 equally large triangles.

29. Dual Polygon : Poligon ganda

The dual polygon of a rectangle is a rhombus.

30. Equal Length: Sama Panjang

A parallelogram with diagonals of equal length.
31. Equal: Sama (besar)
Diagonals of rectangle are equal.
32. Equiangular: Semua sudut sama
The rectangle is equiangular.
33. Facing : Permukaan

To find the facing area of the beam, we can summarize the all of area of rectangles
on the beam.

34. Flat wake: Bangun datar

The rectangle is a flat wake that has opposite sides of equal length.
35. Fold Symetry: Simetri lipat.
Rectangle has two fold symetries.
36. Folding : Lipatan

AB is a folding line of rectangle.

37. Formula: Rumus

We can find the perimeter of rectangle with formula 2(l + h).
38. Greater than : Lebih dari

65 is greater than 42.

39. Height: Tinggi

Rectangle is two dimensionals shape, so it don’t have height.
40. Horizontal : Mendatar

Each rib on a rectangle is horizontal to the coordinate axis.

41. Hypotenuse: Sisi miring

The lengt of the hypotenuse triangle is 10 cm.

42. Interior angles: Sudut dalam

Interior angles of rectangle is 360o.

43. Intersect: Memotong

 A rectangle has two daigonals, they are intersecet in the middle.
44. Intersection: Titik potong
The coordinate of the intersection of the diagonals of rectangle ABCD is T.
45. Isogonal : Isogonal

It is isogonal or vertex-transitive: all corners lie within the same symmetry orbit.

46. Lateral : Rusuk

The sides of rectangle, is laterals of the beam figure

47. Length: Panjang

The dimensions of rectangle are length and width.
48. Line : Garis

AB’s line is the one of three sides of rectangle.

49. Line segment: Segmen garis

AB is line segment.
50. Measure: Ukuran
The same size and measure.
51. Midpoint: Titik Tengah
M is midpoint of RS.
52. Multiply: Mengalikan
To find the area of a rectangle, just multiply the length times the width.
53. Non-collinear : Titik berada diluar garis
A point is non-collinear.
54. Opposite sides : Sisi yang berhadapan
The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal.
55. Orthotope : Orthotope

Rectangle is a type of orthotope.

56. Pair of side: Sepasang sisi

Rectangle has a pair of side which has equal length.
57. Parallel: Paralel/sejajar
The opposite sides of a rectangle are parallel.
58. Parallelogram: Jajar genjang
Rectangle is a parallelogram with diagonals of equal length.
59. Pedestal : Alas
 In beam figure, rectangle is the padestal of the beam.

60. Perimeter: Keliling

We can find the perimeter of rectangle with formula 2(l + w).
61. Perpendicullar: Tegak lurus
The sides of rectangular are perpendicullar each other.
62. Phytagoras: Phitagoras
To find the size of diagonal sides, we can use phytagoras formula.
63. Plane : Bidang

ABCD’s rectangle is a plane of beam figure.

64. Plane Geometry : Ilmu ukur bidang

In Euclidean plane geometry, a rectangle is a quadrilateral with four right angles.

65. Point : Titik

Rectangle has four corner point.

66. Polygon: Poligon

Since the sum of the interior angles of a polygon is 360 degree.
67. Properties : Ciri-ciri

Rectangle has kind of properties, for example Both pairs sides of rectangle are equal.

68. Quadrilateral: Berbentuk segi empat

The rectangle is one of the most commonly known quadrilaterals.
69. Rectangle: Persegi panjang
A rectangle is a quadrilateral with four right angles.
70. Rectangular : Segi Empat

Rectangle is the one of rectangular figure.

71. Rectilinear : Seperti garis lurus

A rectangle is rectilinear: its sides meet at right angles.

72. Reflectional Symmetry : Refleksi simetri

It has two lines of reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry of order 2 (through
180°)

73. Regular Polygon : Poligon beraturan

A polygon for which all sides are congruent and all angles are congruent.
74. Restrited : Dibatasi

The rectangle is restrited by four right angles

75. Ribs : Rusuk

Beam figure has many ribs.

76. Right Angle: Sudut siku-siku

Rectangle has four right angles
77. Rotary symetry: Sumbu Putar
Rectangle has rotary symetries.
78. Rotational Symmetry : Simetri rotasi

It has two lines of reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry of order 2 (through
180°)

79. Same Area : Luas yang sama

Rectangle ABCD and EFGH has same area.

80. Scatterplot : Representasi grafis dari hubungan antara dua kumpulan data numerik

Make a scatterplot of the ordered pairs.

81. Secant : Garis Potong

GH is a secant line.

82. Shape: Bentuk

A rectangle is a four sided shape whose corners are all 90 degree angles.
83. Sides: Sisi-sisi
A Rectangle is a shape with four sides.
84. Similar Shapes : Bentuk serupa

ABCD and EFGH’s square has similiar shapes.

85. Size: Ukuran

The angles of rectangle has same size.
86. Slope: Gradien
Use slope to determine the diagonals are perpendicular.
87. Split the Corner : Membagi Sudut

GH’s line split the alpha corner.

88. Square: Persegi

 A rectangle wituh four sides of equal length is a square.
89. Squared Length: Panjang kuadrat

The length of diagonal line can we find by calculate the square root of squared width
plus suared length.

90. Squared Width: Lebar kuadrat

The length of diagonal line can we find by calculate the square root of squared width
plus suared length.

91. Substitution : Substitusi

To solve quadratic equation, we can use subtitution method.

92. Subtract : Mengurangi

Subtract 6𝑥 from each side.

93. Successive Sides : Sisi yang berturut-turut

A convex quadrilateral with successive sides a, b, c, d.

94. Symmetry Orbit : Simetri orbit

It is isogonal or vertex-transitive: all corners lie within the same symmetry orbit.

95. Two diagonals sides: Dua sisi diagonal

Rectangle has two diagonals sides.
96. Two dimentional figure: Bangun datar dua dimensi.
Rectangle is a two dimentional figure.

97. Vertex-transitive : Vertex-transitif

It is isogonal or vertex-transitive: all corners lie within the same symmetry orbit.

98. Vertices: Simpul

The vertices of rectangle is A(0,0), b(b,0), C(b,c), and D(0,c).
99. Whole Sides : Seluruh sisi

Whole sides of rectangle is the ribs of beam figure.

100. Width: Lebar

The dimensions of rectangle are length and width.