A MINI PROJECT REPORT

ON

CONTROLING ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES THROUGH TV REMOTE

Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted By

Under the Guidance of

Associate. Professor

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

MAHESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE &affiliated by JNTU, Hyderabad)

JAHAWARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD-28, (2008-2012)

MAHESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that

Name of the student Roll no

The mini project report titled “Controlling Electrical Appliances Through TV Remote” is being in
B.Tech IV- I semester (Electronics and Communication Engineering) is a record bonafide
work carried out by them. The results embodied in this report have not been submitted to any
other University for the award of any degree.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini project report titled “Controlling Electrical Appliances through TV
Remote” being submitted by

In the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

MAHESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HYDERABAD

And is submitted to, JAHAWARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, Hyderabad, in

Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of technology
In
Electronics and communication engineering

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 I would like to express my gratitude to all the people behind the screen who helped
me to transform an idea into a real application.

I would like to express my heart-felt gratitude to my parents without whom I would

not have been privileged to achieve and fulfil my dreams. I am grateful to our principal, Sri Dr
P.SANTHOSH REDDY who most ably run the institution and has had the major hand in
enabling me to do my project.

I profoundly thank Mr.K.PRABHU M.TECH, Head of the Department of the

Electronics & Communication Engineering who has been an excellent guide and also a great
source of inspiration to my work.

I would like to thank my internal guide Mr.SK.SAIDULU for his technical

guidance, constant encouragement and support in carrying out my project at college.

The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of the task
would be great but incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible with their
constant guidance and encouragement crowns all the efforts with success. In this context, I
would like thank all the other staff members, both teaching and non-teaching, who have extended
their timely help and eased my task

ABSTRACT

This is an interesting project built with an IR sensor and a decade counter. By using this
project, one can control his lights / fans / AC / any electrical appliance with a TV Remote. It
works with +5V power supply. CD4017 is a CMOS Decade counter. It can detect a clock pulse
and the BCD output will be incremented by one for each CLK pulse. If we observe the BCD
numbers, the LSB (Least Significant Bit) of BCD complemented every time. This project uses
this LSB to switch ON / OFF an electrical appliance.TSOP1738 is a high sensitive IR receiver
which can sense 38 KHz IR light. The electrolytic capacitor (100μF) connected across pin no’s 3
and 1 of TSOP1738 for medium sensitivity. The NPN transistor BC557 is connected as a switch.
Whenever an IR signal is detected, the transition is sensed by the PNP transistor and it supplies a
CLK pulse to the BCD counter (CD4017). For every clock pulse the LSB (Least Significant Bit)
of the BCD output is complemented. This toggling output is given to an NPN transistor through
a base resistor.
 If logic ‘0’ is applied to the transistor, it will be driven into cut-off region. As the
collector current is zero in cut-off region, the relay will not be energized and the electrical
appliance will be in OFF mode.

If logic ‘1’ is applied to the transistor, it will be driven into saturation region. As the
collector current is high in saturation region, the relay will be energized and the electrical
appliance will be in ON mode. A diode is connected across the relay to protect the transistor by
neutralizing the reverse EMF generated by the electromagnetic relay. An LED connected at pin
no.2 of CD4017 to indicate the ON condition of the LOAD. An LED connected at pin no.3 of
CD4017 to indicate the OFF condition of the LOAD.

INDEX

Chapters Page No

1. Introduction 1

2. Block diagram 2

3. Hard ware Descriptions 3

3.1 TV Remote 3

3.2 Sensor 5

3.3 IR Receiver 14

3.4 Switching transistor 25

3.5 CMOS Decade Counter 29

 3.6 Relay 33

3.7 Relay Driver circuit 38

3.8 Power supply 39

4. Working 44

5. Usage 45

6. Advantages 48

7. Applications 49

8. Conclusion 50

References

LIST OF FIGURES

Name of the Figure Page no

2.1 Block Diagram 2

3.1.1 TV Remote 3

3.2.1 Sensors 4

3.2.2 Infrared Sensor 6

3.2.3 Infrared Radiation 7

3.2.4 IR generations 8

3.2.5 IR logic levels 9

3.2.6 RC 5 Wave forms 11

3.2.7 Decoding IR Signal 12

3.2.7 Correct level of First Address Bit 13

3.2.8 Right commands in hexadecimal 14

3.3.1 Block diagram of IR receiver 15

3.3.2 Application circuit of IR receiver 16

3.3.3 TSOP 16

3.3.4 IR Signal from Fluorescent Lamp with low modulation 21

3.3.5 Diode characteristics 23

3.4.1 Operating regions of transistor 26

3.4.2 Cut-off characteristics 27

3.4.3 Saturation Characteristics 28

3.5.1 CMOS Decade Counter 31

3.5.2 CMOS logic level output 32

3.5.3 Driving CMOS to Relays 32

3.7.1 Relay Driver circuit 38

3.8.1 Power supply 39

3.8.2 Transformer 41