G. H.

PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

VALLABH VIDYANAGAR 388 120

2171910 POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

Fourth Level, First Semester

Assignment No.1

1 Write the general form of SFEE and from the same derive equation applicable to a steam nozzle.
Explain its use in calculating the steam velocity at exit.

2 Define nozzle efficiency using Enthalpy-Entropy diagram. What are the effects of frictional losses in
nozzles?

3 Explain the significance of critical pressure ratio. Why is the divergent portion of nozzle necessary?

4 Steam is supplied at 7bar and 275°C.The divergent portion is 50mm long and throat diameter is
5mm. Find the cone angle of divergent portion so that steam may leave the nozzle at 1bar. Loss in
the nozzle is 12% in divergent portion only. Determine velocity at throat.

5 A convergent-divergent nozzle is required to discharge steam at a rate of 2kg/s. The nozzle is

supplied with steam at 7bar pressure and 180°C temperature. The back pressure is 1bar. The
frictional resistance between throat and exit is 63kJ/kg. Taking approach velocity 75m/s and throat
pressure is 4bar. Estimate: (i) suitable area for the throat exit (ii) overall efficiency of nozzle based
on enthalpy drop between the actual inlet pressure and temperature and exit pressure.

6 An impulse turbine develops 1000kW with a steam consumption of 7.6kg/kWh. The nozzle is C-D.
The pressure and temperature of steam entering in the nozzle is 18bar and 300°C.The loss is 10%
and it is in divergent portion only. The diameter of each nozzle at exit is 10mm and exit pressure is
0.2bar. Determine: (i) number of nozzles (ii) throat diameter (iii) length of divergent part if angle of
divergent portion is 12°.

7 Derive the condition for critical pressure ratio at the throat of a nozzle.

8 Dry and saturated steam at 7bar is expanded in a nozzle to 1.8bar. The flow rate is 5 kg/s. The 12%
enthalpy loss is in divergent part only. Determine the cross sectional area at throat and exit. Take
n=1.135.

9 A C-D nozzle is supplied with steam at 15bar and 350°C.The 12% enthalpy drop is in divergent
portion only. The exit pressure is 1bar. If the divergent portion is 80mm long with throat diameter
6mm, determine: (i) velocity and temperature of steam at throat and (ii) cone angle of the divergent
portion.

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