SET-1

R07
Code.No :43190
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD.
II.B.TECH - I SEMESTER REGULAR EXAMINATIONS NOVEMBER, 2009
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Common to ECE, EIE, BME, E.CON.E, ETM, ECC,ICE)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) What is the critical field resistance of a d.c. shunt generator? What is the significance?
b) Explain clearly the functions of a following in a d.c. generator
i) Interpoles ii) Compensating windings
c) A 4 pole d.c. generator with wave wound armature has 52 slots, each having 40 conductors.
The flux per pole is 5 mwb. At what speed must the armature be driven to give an induced
e.m.f of 400V? [5+5+6]

2.a) Explain why a d.c. series motor should never run unloaded?
b) A 4 pole, 250 wave connected d.c. shunt motor gives 10 Kw when running at 1000rpm and
drawing armature and field currents of 60 A and 2 A respectively. It has 560 conductors. Its
armature resistance is 0.2 Ω . Assuming a drop of 1V per brush.
Calculate i) total torque ii) useful torque iii) useful flux per pole
iv) rotational losses v) efficiency [8+8]

3.a) Develop the phasor diagram of a single phase transform under lagging power factor loads.
b) A 200 KVA, 1- φ transformer with a voltage ratio of 6350/660V has the following winding
resistances and reactances:
R1 =1.56Ω ; R2 = 0.016Ω ; X 1 = 4.67Ω ; X 2 = 0.048Ω .
Calculate the resistance and reactance of the transformer referred to the high voltage winding.
Also, calculate the impedance value referred to both the sides of a transformer.
c) Explain i) the turns ratio ii) turns ratio of a 1 − φ transformer. [5+6+5]

4.a) State different losses that occur in a 1 − φ transformer.

b) Open circuit and short circuit tests on a 10KVA, 220/440V, 50Hz, 1 − φ transformer gave the
following results:
O.C. test : 220V, 4A, 200 W (l.v side)
S.C. test : 40V, 22.8A, 400W (h.v. side)
Determine the efficiency and approximate voltage regulation of the transformer at half full load
and full load at 0.8 p.f lagging. [8+8]

5.a) A 4 pole, 50Hz, 3-phase I.M has a full load slip of 5%. Each rotor has a resistance of 0.3 Ω
and a stand still reactance of 1.2 Ω . Find the ratio of the maximum torque to the full load
torque and the speed at which the maximum torque occurs?
b) Give the industrial applications of 3-ph I.M. [8+8]

6. Explain the synchronous impedance method of determining the voltage regulation of an

alternator. Comment on the merits and limitations of this method. Why this method is
considered as pessimistic method? [16]
 SET-1
R07
7. Explain the working principle of the following:
a) A.C. servomotor b) Stepper motor

8.a) State the advantages and dis-advantages of M.C instruments.

b) Compare M.I attraction type and repulsion type instruments.
c) Compare spring controlled instruments with gravity controlled instruments. [5+5+6]

+++++
 SET-2
R07
Code.No :43190
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD.
II.B.TECH - I SEMESTER REGULAR EXAMINATIONS NOVEMBER, 2009
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Common to ECE, EIE, BME, E.CON.E, ETM, ECC,ICE)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) Draw the V-I characteristics of d.c. compound generators.
b) What are commutating poles? Why are they used in d.c. generator?
c) A 4 pole d.c. generator has 1000 armature conductors and generates 250V on open circuit
when running at a speed of 600 rpm. The diameter of the pole-shoe circle is 0.4 m and the
ratio of pole are to pole pitch is 0.7 while the length of the shoe is 0.2m. Find the mean flux
density in the air gap. Assume wave connected armature winding. [8+8]

2.a) Explain the suriuburne’s test with the help of a neat diagram to find out the efficiency of a d.c.
machine? State the advantages and dis-advantages of this method.
b) The armature of a 4 pole d.c. shunt motor has a lap winding accommodated in 60 slots, each
containing 20 conductors. If the useful flux per pole is 25 m Wb, Calculate the torque
developed when the armature current is 35A. [8+8]

3.a) Develop the exact equivalent circuit of a 1 − φ transformer. From this device the approximate
and simplified equivalent circuits of the transformer. State the various assumptions made.
b) A 1 − φ transformer has 400 primary and 1000 secondary turns. The net cross-sectional area
of the core is 50 cm2. If the primary winding be connected to a 50 Hz supply at 500V, calculate
i) the peak value of the flux density in the core, and ii) the voltage induced in the
secondary winding. [8+8]

4. The following test results are obtained from a transformer whose ratings are : 100KVA,
3300/440V, 50Hz, single phase.
O.C test : V1 = 440V, I1=8A, W1 = 800W, on the l.v side
S.C test : V2 = 100V, I2 = 12A, W2 = 1200W, with l.v winding short circuited.
Calculate i) the equivalent circuit constants
ii) the efficiency and voltage regulation for an 0.75 lagging power factor load
iii) the efficiency at 3/4 th full load and 0.75 lagging p.f. load. [16]
5.a) Compare squirrel case I.M with slip-ring I.M in any four aspects.
b) Draw the torque-slip characteristics of 3-ph I.M.
c) If a 3-phase I.M with 6 poles runs at 980 rpm when connected to a 440V, 50Hz supply.
Calculate i) the percentage slip ii) frequency of the rotor currents [5+5+6]

6. Sketch and explain the O.C and S.C characteristics of a synchronous machine. How voltage
regulation can be calculated by the use of their results? [16]
7. Explain different types of stepper motors with neat circuit diagram. [16]
8.a) Give the classification of electrical measuring instruments.
b) Explain the following: i) Air friction damping ii) Fluid friction damping
iii) Eddy current damping. [8+8]
+++++
 SET-3
R07
Code.No :43190
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD.
II.B.TECH - I SEMESTER REGULAR EXAMINATIONS NOVEMBER, 2009
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Common to ECE, EIE, BME, E.CON.E, ETM, ECC,ICE)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) Explain the following with respect to d.c. machine.
i) Magnetic field system ii) Armature iii) Commutator and iv) brush gear
b) Draw the different types of characteristics of separately excited d.c. generator? Explain them
in detail. [8+8]

2.a) Draw the power flow diagram of a d.c. motor. Explain different types of losses that occur in
d.c. machine?
b) A d.c. shunt generator delivers 50 KW at 250V when running at 600 rpm. The armature and
field resistance are 0.02 Ω and 50 Ω respectively. Calculate the speed of the machine when
running as a shunt motor and taking 50KW input at 250V. Allow 1V per brush for contact
drop. [8+8]

3.a) Derive expressions for the r.m.s values of the induced voltages in the two windings of a single
phase transformer connected to a sinusoidal supply.
b) A 500 / 250V, 50Hz, single phase transformer is to be worked at a maximum flux density of
1.2 T in the core. The effective cross-sectional area of the core is 75 cm2. Calculate the suitable
values of the primary and secondary turns. [8+8]

4.a) Obtain the condition for zero regulation and maximum regulation in case of 1 − φ transformer.
b) The percentage resistance and reactance of a 1 − φ transformer on load are 3% and 6%
respectively. Calculate the full load regulation at i) U.P.F ii) 0.85 lag and iii) 0.8
leading. [8+8]
5.a) Obtain the relation between rotor input, rotor output and rotor copper losses in a 3-ph I.M.
b) A 6-pole, 50Hz, 3-phase I.M running full load develops a useful torque of 150 Nm at a rotor
frequency of 1.5 Hz. Calculate the shaft power output. If the mechanical torque lost in friction
be 10Nm, determine i) rotor copper loss ii) the input to the motor iii) the efficiency
[8+8]
6.a) What do you mean by synchronous reactance? Explain the term synchronous impedance of an
alternator?
b) A 4 pole, 3-phase, 50Hz star connected alternator has 60 slots, with 2 conductors per slot
and having armature winding of the two-layer type. Coils are short pitched in such a way that if
one coil side lies in slot number 1, the other lies in slot number 13. Determine the useful flux per
pole required to generate a line voltage of 6000v. [8+8]
7.a) What are the applications of synchro?
b) Explain the construction and working of an a.c. servomotor? Draw the characteristics of a.c.
servomotor? [8+8]
8.a) State and explain different types of errors that may occur in M.I instruments.
b) Obtain an expression for deflecting torque produced in a PMMC instruments. [8+8]
+++++
 SET-4
R07
Code.No :43190
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD.
II.B.TECH - I SEMESTER REGULAR EXAMINATIONS NOVEMBER, 2009
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Common to ECE, EIE, BME, E.CON.E, ETM, ECC,ICE)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) What is armature reaction? Explain the effects of armature reaction on the operation of d.c.
generator? How the armature reaction is minimized?
b) A 440V, d.c. compound generator has an armature, series field, and shunt field resistances of
0.5 Ω , 1.0 Ω and 200 Ω respectively. Calculate the e.m.f generated when delivering a load
current of 60A to the external circuit in case of long shunt and short shunt compound
generator. Give your comment upon the result? [8+8]
2.a) Explain the speed – current, torque-current and speed-torque characteristics of d.c. series
motor.
b) A 4 pole d.c. shunt motor working on 250V takes a current of 2A when running on 1000 rpm.
What will be its back emf, speed and % speed drop if the motor takes 51A at a certain load?
Armature and shunt field resistances are 0.2 Ω and 250 Ω respectively. [8+8]
3.a) What are the two general types of transformers? Which winding is connected nearer to the
core? Give the reasons? What will be the output of transformer if it is operated on d.c. supply?
b) A single phase 3300/400V transformer has the following winding resistances and reactances:
R1= 0.8 Ω ; R2 = 0.014 Ω ; X1= 3.8 Ω ; X2 = 0.05 Ω .
The secondary is connected to a coil having a resistance of 4.5 Ω and inductive reactance 3.2
Ω . Calculate the secondary terminal voltage and the power consumed by the coil. [8+8]
4.a) Why is the short circuit test is performed on the h.v. side of a transformer? Why is the core
loss almost negligible in this test?
b) In a transformer if the load current is kept constant, find the power factor at which the
maximum efficiency occurs?
c) A 300 KVA, 1 − φ transformer has an iron loss of 1400 watts and a full load copper loss of
3600 watts. Calculate the efficiency at half full load at 0.8 p.f. [5+5+6]
5.a) Explain i) Auto-transform starting ii) star – delta starting methods used in starting of 3- ph
I.M.
b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 440V I.M develops 20 BHP at a slip of 4%. The mechanical losses are
equal to 1 Hp. Find the efficiency of the motor if the stator losses are equal to 1000 watts.
[8+8]
6.a) State the assumptions made in the synchronous impedance method.
b) In a 50 KVA, star connected, 440V, 3-ph, 50Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is
0.25 Ω per phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 Ω per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 Ω
per phase. Determine at rated load and UPF i) internal emf ii) no-load emf
iii) % voltage regulation at full load iv) value of the synchronous reactance which replaces
armature reaction. [8+8]
7.a) Compare single phase I.M. with 3-phase I.M. in any four aspects
b) Explain the construction and working principle of shaded pole motor. Also, draw its
characteristics. [8+8]
8.a) What are the different types of Ammeters and voltmeters available?
b) Derive the expression for deflecting torque produced in a M.I attraction type instrument. [8+8]
+++++