13/01/18 IGCSE Modern Greek

Grammar: Plural / Πληθυντικός

PLURAL SPELLING RULES

Nouns We should Examples

Apple – apples
Most nouns +s Hive – hives
Sound - sounds
Potato – potatoes
Class – classes
Dish – dishes
Nouns ending in box – boxes
-o, -s, -ss, -sh, -x, -ch, - + es watch – watches
z buzz – buzzes

Radio – Radios

Baby – babies
Family – families
Nouns ending in a Lady – ladies
+ ies
consonant+y
Monkey – Monkeys
Boy – boys
Wolf – wolves
Life – lives
Leaf – leaves
Nouns ending in
+ves
-f or -fe Roof – Roofs
Belief – beliefs
Chief – chiefs
Cliff – cliffs
This = these
That = those
Foot = Feet
Louse = Lice
Mouse = Mice
Ox = Oxen
Tooth = teeth
IRREGULAR PLURALS Man = men
Woman = women
Child = children
Person = people
Sheep = sheep
Fish = fish
Goose = geese
Die = dice
13/01/18 IGCSE Modern Greek

Exercise: Without checking – quickly write the plural form of the following
words

1. Bush ___________________________
2. Potato ___________________________
3. Radio ___________________________
4. Baby ___________________________
5. Wife ___________________________
6. Belief ___________________________
7. Foot ___________________________
8. Mouse ___________________________
9. Child ___________________________
10. Die ___________________________
11. Tooth ___________________________
12. Ox ___________________________

Grammar: Uncountable Nouns

In Greek most nouns have both a singular and plural form

but in English the uncountable nouns are always singular.

Advice English Information Love Rain

Baggage French Justice Luggage News
Business Greek Knowledge Machinery Snow
Freedom Hair Lightning Money Thunder
Furniture Rubbish

Exercise: Translate into Greek

1. The news is good. _________________________________________________

2. My hair is beautiful. _________________________________________________
3. My furniture is old. _________________________________________________
4. My luggage is old. _________________________________________________
5. Money is important. _________________________________________________
6. Knowledge is what makes you succeed in life
_________________________________________________
7. The information you gave me is useful.
_________________________________________________
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8. Give me a piece of information.

_________________________________________________
9. I will follow your advice because it is useful.
_________________________________________________
10. The piece of advice my teacher gave me was excellent.
_________________________________________________
11. The machinery of that factory is old.
_________________________________________________
12. There is a lot of rubbish here, so we must clean it.
_________________________________________________

Exercise: Translate into English

1. Οι πληροφορίες είναι πολλές και δεν τις θυμάμαι.

_________________________________________________
2. Τα μαλλιά μου είναι χάλια.
_________________________________________________
3. Οι συμβουλές που μου έδωσες είναι καλές.
_________________________________________________
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Grammar: Nouns always in Plural

Some nouns that you come across in English always take the
plural form

Clothes Contents Jeans People Scissors

Scales Customs Pyjamas Police Trousers
Stairs Scales

Exercise: Translate into Greek

1. My pyjamas are dirty. _________________________________________________

2. My trousers are very expensive.
_________________________________________________
3. Don’t leave the scissors on the table. They are dangerous for children.
_________________________________________________
4. The police are doing everything they can to reduce crime.
_________________________________________________

Grammar: Nouns have the same Singular and Plural form

Some nouns have remain the same in both their singular and
plural forms.

Deer Ελάφι/Ελάφια Trout Πέστροφα/Πέστροφες

Cod Μπακαλιάρος/Μπακαλίαροι Salmon Σολομός/Σολομοί

Crossroads Σταυροδρόμι/Σταυροδρόμια Sheep Προβατό/Προβατά

Fish Ψάρι/Ψάρια Species Είδος/Είδη

Aircraft Αεροσκάφος/Αεροσκάφοι Means Μέσο/Μέσα

Exercise: Translate into Greek

1. The sheep is cute. _________________________________________________

2. Sheep are useful. _________________________________________________
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Grammar: Collective nouns

These nouns are used to describe groups of people. They

take the SINGULAR for if the group is referred to as a unit, but
take a plural verb if they refer to the member of the group
individually.

Team Ομάδα

Committee Επιτροπή

Community Κοινότητα

Government Κυβέρνηση

Family Οικογένεια

Exercise: Translate into Greek

1. My family is happy. _________________________________________________

2. My family are all happy with my grades.
_________________________________________________

Grammar: Pronouns

Some pronouns are followed by a singular verb.

Anything Everything Nothing Something

Anyone Everyone No one Someone

Anybody Everybody Nobody Somebody

Exercise: Translate into Greek

1. Everybody is well. _________________________________________________

2. Everything comes early at home.
_________________________________________________
3. Everything is fine. _________________________________________________
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Grammar: Nouns with Greek or Latin Origin

These nouns form their plurals by adding Greek or Latin

endings.

Analysis Analyses
Crisis Crises
Phenomenon Phenomena
Basis Bases
Criterion Criteria
Medium Media

Exercise: Translate into English

1. Οι πληροφορίες που μου έδωσε η καθηγήτριά μου ήταν πολύ βοηθητικές.

________________________________________________________________________
2. Που είναι το ψαλίδι; Δεν μπορώ να το βρω!
________________________________________________________________________
3. Ο μικρός μου γιος αγαπά τα πρόβατα.
________________________________________________________________________
4. Που είναι τα λευτά μου; Δεν ξέρω που τα άφησα.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Το παντελόνι μου είναι κοντό.
________________________________________________________________________
6. Μισώ τους ποντικούς.
________________________________________________________________________
7. Χάρις σε σένα όλοι είναι ευτιχισμένοι.
________________________________________________________________________
8. Όλοι θέλουν να κατακτήσουν τον κόσμο.
________________________________________________________________________
9. Χρειάζεται μόχθος για να φθάσεις τις φιλοδοξίες σου.
________________________________________________________________________
10. Στην αρχαία Αθήνα υπήρχαν πολλοί σοφοί άνθρωποι.
________________________________________________________________________

Μόχθος Σκληρή Δουλειά

Φιλοδοξίες Ambitions
Χάρις Thanks to
Αρχαία Ancient
Καταχτώ Conquer
Φτάνω Reach