Reference Correlation for the Viscosity of Carbon Dioxide1

— Supplementary Material —
Table of Sources of Viscosity Data for Carbon Dioxide
and Bibliography

Arno Laesecke, Chris D. Muzny

Material Measurement Laboratory

Applied Chemicals and Materials Division

325 Broadway
Boulder, CO 80305-3337, U.S.A.

Phone: 1-303-497-3197

E-Mail:Arno.Laesecke@Boulder.NIST.Gov

Date of this version: February 10, 2017

1
Contribution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Not subject to Copyright in the U.S.A.
 2

Table of Sources of Viscosity Data for Carbon Dioxide

Authors Year Reference Method Uncertainty Temperature range (K) Pressure range (MPa) Number of Notes
Points
Graham 1846 [1] Effusion, Transpiration (Capillary not reported ambient dilute to moderately — Efflux times reported for several gases through glass and copper capillaries
flow) dense gas of various lengths and internal diameters. Precursor experiments of
viscosity measurements.
Kundt, Warburg 1875 [2] Oscillating disk not reported 288.14 dilute gas 1 Careful analysis of entire experiment.
von Obermayer 1876 [3] Capillary flow not reported 252 -514 dilute gas 15 CO2 viscosity data used here: page 466 bottom, page 468 top, page 468
capillary I and capillare D.
Puluj 1876 [4] Oscillating disk not reported 274.48 - 302.22 dilute gas 12 Reports friction data of the disk, not viscosities.
Puluj 1879 [5] Oscillating disk not reported 292.85 atmospheric 3
Warburg, von Babo 1882 [6] Vertical capillary flow driven by 278.15 - 313.49 1.5 - 11.3 61 Very careful work. The authors consider the compressibility of CO2 in the
mercury analysis of viscosity measurements.
Breitenbach 1899 [7] Capillary flow 252.35 - 575.15 atmospheric 5
Thomsen 1911 [8] Oscillating disk not reported 285.15 atmospheric 1 Quotes data from Graham, Puluj, and Breitenbach
Phillips 1912 [9] Transpiration, capillary flow driven 0.40% 293.15 -313.15 0.1 - 12 61
by mercury
Vogel 1914 [10] Oscillating disk not reported 273.1, 195 0.0148, 0.987 2
Lassalle 1921 [11] oil drop method 0.50% 296.15 atmospheric 1
Smith 1922 [12] Capillary flow driven by mercury 0.20% 273.15, 288.15, 373.15 atmospheric 3

Eglin 1923 [13] oil drop method Discussed but not 296.15 atmospheric 1
quantified
Ishida 1923 [14] oil drop method 0.30% 296.15 atmospheric 1
van Dyke 1923 [15] Rotating cylinder 0.05% 296.15 atmospheric 1
Trautz, Zink 1930 [16] Capillary flow not reported 572.15 - 1097.15 atmospheric 12
Trautz, Kurz 1931 [17] Capillary flow not reported 300 - 550 atmospheric 6
Brémond 1933 [18] Capillary flow not reported 292 - 1325 dilute gas 13
Stakelbeck 1933 [19] Falling cylinder not reported 258.15 - 313.15 0.49 - 11.77 181
Schröer, Becker 1935 [20] Falling sphere 0.5 % - 1 % 293.15 0.1 - 10 17
Johnston, McCloskey 1940 [21] Oscillating disk 0.8 % at 198 K to 0.4 % at 198 - 300 atmospheric 10
300 K
Naldrett, Maass 1940 [22] Oscillating disk not reported 304.282 - 305.142 7.3807 - 7.58740 62 In the critical region
Comings, Egly 1941 [23] Transpiration, capillary flow ±2 % below 89 at, ±4 % 313.15 0.1 - 13.44 10
above
Wobser, Müller 1941 [24] Rolling sphere (Höppler) 1 % ascribed; discussed 293.14 - 371.13 dilute gas 5
but not quantified
Comings et al. 1944 [25] Rolling sphere see Comings, Egly (1941) 313.15 0.1 - 13.44 10 Same data as in Comings, Egly (1941) but with one more digit and without
uncertainties.
Vasilesco 1945 [26; 27] Capillary flow 0.07 % - 0.01 % 273 - 1686 dilute gas 27 Radial acceleration correction according to Dean and White applied.
Kiyama, Makita 1951 [28] Rolling sphere 1.5 % 323 - 573 0.1 - 5.88 42
Kiyama, Makita 1952 [29] Rolling sphere not reported 323 - 573 0.1 - 9.9 57 Data supersede those of Kiyama, Makita (1951).
Golubev, Petrov 1953 [30] Capillary flow 1.00% 293.15 - 523.15 0.1 - 80 144
Kompaneetz 1953 [31] Capillary flow 1.00% 301 - 1073 dilute gas 9
Makita 1955 [32] compilation, evaluation 1.00% 323 - 573 0.1 - 9.9 36 Smoothed data in the same range as Kiyama, Makita (1952). No additional
data presented.
Savino 1955 [33] Coiled capillary flow 3.20% 290.4 - 296.2 0.18 - 4.8 39 Radial acceleration according to Dean and White. May be inadequate.
Uchiyama 1955 [34] no original experimental data. Discusses various correlations for the viscosity of gases.
Michels et al. 1957 [35] Transpiration, capillary flow not reported 273.15 - 348.15 0.9 - 209.7 195 Missing compressibility correction in the critical region.
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Authors Year Reference Method Uncertainty Temperature range (K) Pressure range (MPa) Number of Notes
Points
Novikov 1957 [36] not reported not reported 258.15 - 304.15 Saturated liquid, 13 Source of data not specified. Most likely not measured.
saturated vapor
Kestin, Leidenfrost 1959 [37] Oscillating disk 0.05% 293.15 0.014 - 2.17 9
Savino, Sibbitts 1959 [38] Coiled capillary flow no data Publication of Ph. D. thesis of Savino (1955).
Kennedy, Thodos 1961 [39] compilation, evaluation, No function, only diagrams.
correlation
Kestin, Whitelaw 1963 [40] Oscillating disk 0.50% 297 - 525 0.126 - 6.85 43
Kestin et al. 1964 [41] Oscillating disk not explicitly reported 298.3 - 323.3 3.7 - 11.9 103 Critical region. Critique of the measurements of Michels et al. (1957)
which were not corrected for compressibility effects.
Chakraborti, Gray 1965 [42] Capillary flow 1.00% 298 - 353 dilute gas 3
Kesselman, Chernyshev 1965 [43] No data for CO2. Quoted in Touloukian 1971.
Breetveld et al. 1966 [44] Oscillating disk 0.10% 293, 303 0.101 - 2.34 10 Measurements of binary gas mixtures.
Kestin et al. 1966 [45] Oscillating disk 0.10% 293, 303 0.104 - 2.5 24 Measurements of binary gas mixtures.
DiPippo et al. 1967 [46] Oscillating disk 0.10% 293, 303 0.11 - 2.34 11 Measurements of binary gas mixtures.
Gururaja et al. 1967 [47] Oscillating disk 1.00% 300.7 0.098 1
Weintraub, Corey 1967 [48] correlation (nomogram) not reported no data Only nomogram.
Kestin, Yata 1968 [49] Oscillating disk 0.10% 293.14, 303.13 0.11 - 2.34 8
Pal, Barua 1968 [50] Oscillating disk 0.50% 303.13 - 473.25 < 10 torr 5
Bailey 1970 [51] Capillary flow 0.4 % (precision) 344 - 719 dilute gas 24 Careful work.
Golubev 1970 [52] compilation not reported 163.15 - 1273.15 dilute gas 21
Herreman et al. 1970 [53] Torsionally vibrating crystal 219.3 - 293.5 0.98 - 19.2 111
Maitland, Smith 1970 [54] Capillary flow <1% 292.7 - 1497 dilute gas 13 Relative to nitrogen. Revised with new nitrogen data by Hellmann (2014)
and in this work.
Golubev et al. 1971 [55] Capillary flow ±1.5% 473.1 - 773.1 0 - 49 74
Golubev, Shepeleva 1971 [56] Capillary flow ±1 % 252.8 - 293.8 3.9 - 49 107
Herreman et al. 1971 [57] Torsionally vibrating crystal 5.00% 283.35 - 313.24 0.6 - 124 (calc.) 85 Pressures not reported.
Kestin et al. 1971 [58] Oscillating disk ±0.1 % 296.6 - 302.8 atmospheric 3 Reference values.
Altunin, Sakhabetdinov 1972 [59] compilation, evaluation, 220 - 1300 120 n/a
correlation
Kestin et al. 1972 [60] Oscillating disk ±0.1% at 298.15 K to 298.15 - 973.15 1 atm 8
±0.3% at 973.15 K
Kurin, Golubev 1974 [61] Capillary flow ±2 % 293.15 - 423.15 9.81 - 356 74 Less than 0.1 % impurities. Data below crit. density systematically high.
Strumpf et al. 1974 [62] Torsionally vibrating crystal not reported 304 - 307.65 7.39 - 8.02 20
Timrot, Traktueva 1975 [63] Oscillating disk ±0.7% 294.6 - 447.2 0.1 - 7.82 26
Touloukian 1975 [64] compilation, evaluation, atmospheric Only atmospheric pressure
correlation
Vargaftik 1975 [65] compilation, evaluation

Haepp 1976 [66] Oscillating disk ±0.9% - 1.6% 298 - 473 0.1 - 15 125
Ulybin, Makarushkin 1976 [67] Capillary flow ±1.7% 223.15 - 293.15 6.18 - 54.68 57
Kestin et al. 1977 [68] Oscillating disk 0.1% at room temp., 0.2% 297 - 673 dilute gas 6
at 673 K
Yaws 1977 [69] compilation, evaluation,
correlation
Bruschi, Santini 1979 [70] Vibrating wire not reported no data
Harris et al. 1979 [71] Coiled capillary flow ±1 % 203 - 310 dilute gas 10 Radial acceleration corrected.
Stephan, Lucas 1979 [72] compilation, evaluation ±5 % 310 - 900 0.1 - 100 Based only on the data of Michels et al. (1957) without those between
298.13 K and 313.13 K.
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Authors Year Reference Method Uncertainty Temperature range (K) Pressure range (MPa) Number of Notes
Points
Kestin et al. 1980 [73] Oscillating disk 0.05 % at 0.1 MPa to 0.3 304.78 0.21 - 7.33 49
% at 7.33 MPa
Bevia et al. 1981 [74] Const. volume capillary flow ±0.4 % 348.5 atmospheric 1 Uncertainty by comparison with literature data for CO2 and O2.
Iwasaki, Takahashi 1981 [75] Oscillating disk ±0.3 % 298.15 - 323.15 0.1 - 14.5 382
Rabe 1981 [76] Const. volume capillary flow 2 - 4% 220 - 300 0.6 - 6.57 5
Bruschi, Torzo 1983 [77] Rotating disk not reported 304.78 no data No data, but correlation
Bruschi et al. 1984 [78] Rotating disk not reported 304.78 critical isotherm 13
Diller, Ball 1985 [79] Torsionally vibrating crystal < ±2 % 220 - 320 ≤ 31.5 96
Vogel, Barkow 1986 [80] All quartz oscillating disk ±0.1 % to 0.2 % or 0.3 % 295.09 - 646.91 4 isochors 40
at high T
Takahashi et al. 1987 [81] Oscillating disk ±2 % 273.10 - 304.09 3.48 - 7.36 32
Trengove, Wakeham 1987 [82] correlation 1.5 % at Tmin, 0.3 % at 200 - 1500  ➝0
298.15 K, 2 % at Tmax
Diller, Ely 1989 [83] Torsionally vibrating crystal ±2 % 293 - 500 1.7 - 59 59
Wang, Cummings 1989 [84] NEMD not reported 313 3 Only three-site model considered here
Berg, Moldover 1990 [85] Torsional oscillator 1.5 % (CO2), 0.8 % (Xe) 304.13 - 334.54 7.38 - 12.7 25 Critical isochor

Vesovic et al. 1990 [86] compilation, evaluation, 200 - 1500 100 n/a
correlation
van der Gulik et al. 1991 [87] Vibrating wire 0.50% 300, 301, 308 6.8 - 450
Hendl et al. 1993 [88] All quartz oscillating disk ±0.15 % at low T to 0.3 % 297 - 685 6 isochors 94
at high T
Hunter et al. 1993 [89] Coiled capillary flow ±0.7 % 213.15 - 353.15 dilute gas 7 Radial acceleration correction?
Sovova, Prochazka 1993 [90] correlation
Pádua et al. 1994 [91] Vibrating wire one of ±0.5 % 260, 280, 300 5.95 - 100 65
Palmer 1994 [92] EMD, 256 and 500 molecules, 0.0057 mPa·s (8.1 %) 290 -3 1
= 798 kg·m
Green-Kubo, transverse-current
autocorrelation function
van der Gulik, El Kharraz 1995 [93] Vibrating wire see publlication in 1997 no data
Vargaftik 1996 [94] compilation, evaluation
Docter et al. 1997 [95] Rotating cylinder viscometer Single 0.6 % - 1.2 % 298.15, 523.15 0.10 - 14.74 8
sinker densimeter
van der Gulik 1997 [96] Vibrating wire ±1 % 220.01 - 308.15 0.56 - 453.20 292 Purity 99.996% stated by manufacturer; contains recalculated data from the
paper published in 1991
Fenghour et al. 1998 [97] compilation, evaluation, 200 - 1500 300 n/a
correlation
Bukowski et al. 1999 [98] ab initio 185 - 2000 ➝0 zero density limit Viscosity from this force field only calculated by Bock et al. (2002).
Docter et al. 1999 [99] Rotating cylinder viscometer Single ±0.08% 298.15 - 523.15 0.10 - 14.74 no data Condensed English version of Docter et al. (1997).
sinker densimeter
Bock et al. 2002 [100] Ab initio calculations, correlation ±0.2 % to 1% 185 - 1500 ➝0 zero density limit —
Mal'tsev et al. 2004 [101] Coiled capillary ±3% 500, 800, 1100 0.3 3 Radial acceleration correction?
Fernández et al. 2005 [102] equilibrium molecular dynamics, not reported 218.9 - 273.7 saturated liquid no data
Green-Kubo, 500 molecules, 2CLJQ

Quiñones-Cisneros, 2006 [103] correlation no data

Deiters
 5

Authors Year Reference Method Uncertainty Temperature range (K) Pressure range (MPa) Number of Notes
Points
Nieto-Draghi et al. 2007 [104] equilibrium molecular dynamics, Einstein relation, 300 or 500 328.15 8 - 335 6
molecules

Sih et al. 2007 [105] Falling body ±1 % 298.15 - 313.15 10.9 - 19 20

Estrada-Alexanders, 2008 [106] Greenspan acoustic viscometer ±0.6% 220 - 370 0.195 - 3.146 117
Hurly
Pensado et al. 2008 [107] Vibrating wire ±3% 303.15 - 353.15 10 - 60 62
Abramson 2009 [108] Rolling sphere 5% 308 - 673 480 - 7960 56 For pressures above 500 MPa, uses densities of Giordano et al. (2006) for
Rosenfeld viscosity-entropy correlation.
Liang, Tsai 2010 [109] ab initio molecular dynamics 1.6 % 300 0.1 - 5.07 6
Merker et al. 2010 [110] EMD, 4000 molecules, Green-Kubo 14% to 33% 273, 298, 373 5.3 - 200 18

Heidaryan et al. 2011 [111] Falling sphere ±0.2 % 313.15 - 523.15 7.7 - 81.1 no data Data were not published and not provided by the authors.
Li et al. 2011 [112] compilation
Davani et al. 2012 [113] Rolling sphere not reported, ascribed 309.8 - 388.7 27.6 - 55.2 45
here 3%
Aimoli et al. 2014 [114] equilibrium molecular dynamics, (1.1 - 10.7)% EPM2 273.15 - 573.15 3.5 - 738 60 Various potentials compared.
Green-Kubo, 1024 molecules potential
Hellmann 2014 [115] ab initio 150 - 2000  ➝0 zero density limit 173 Unpublished data to 100 K provided by the author
Raabe 2014 [116] Equilibrium molecular dynamics, 7.60% 273.15 3.5 1
Green-Kubo, 600 molecules
Vogel 2014 [117] All quartz oscillating disk 0.1% at 298.15 K, 0.2% at 295.53 - 685.07 10 isochors 134 Personal communication of corrected values of the measurements of Vogel
other temperatures and Barkow (1986) and Hendl et al. (1993). Published 2016 in IJT.
Locke et al. 2014 [118] Vibrating wire 0.9 - 3.1 303.2 0.5 - 4.5 5
Schäfer et al. 2015 [119] Rotating cylinder viscometer (0.20 % to 0.41) % 253 - 473 < 1.2 54

Zhong et al. 2015 [120] Equilibrium molecular dynamics, transverse-current correlation 223 - 450 10 - 200 50
functions, 300 to 1000 molecules, eventually. 500 molecules

Jiang et al. 2016 [121] Equilibrium molecular dynamics (0.5 - 33) % 273, 323, 373, 423 10 - 200 16
with GROMACS and Green-Kubo,
500 molecules
 6

Bibliography to Table of Sources of Viscosity Data for Carbon Dioxide

1 Graham, T. (1846). On the Motion of Gases. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. London, 136, 573-
631.
2 Kundt, A. and E. Warburg (1875). Ueber Reibung und Wärmeleitung verdünnter Gase.
Pogg. Ann., 155, 525-550.
3 von Obermayer, A. (1876). Über die Abhängigkeit des Coëfficienten der inneren Reibung
der Gase von der Temperatur. Wien. Ber., 73, 433-474.
4 Puluj, J. (1876) Über die Abhängigkeit der Reibung der Gase von der Temperatur. Thesis,
Universität Straßburg.
5 Puluj, J. (1879). Über die innere Reibung in einem Gemische von Kohlensäure und
Wasserstoff. Erste Abhandlung. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der
Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abt. 3, Physiologie,
Anatomie und theoretische Medicin., 79, 97-113.
6 Warburg, E. and L. v. Babo (1882). Ueber den Zusammenhang zwischen Viscosität und
Dichtigkeit bei flüssigen, insbesondere gasförmig flüssigen Körpern. Ann. Phys., 253(11),
390-427.
7 Breitenbach, P. (1899). Ueber die innere Reibung der Gase und deren Aenderung mit der
Temperatur. Ann. Phys. Chem., 67(4), 803-827.
8 Thomsen, E. (1911). Ueber die innere Reibung von Gasgemischen. Ann. Phys., 36, 815-
833.
9 Phillips, P. (1912). The Viscosity of Carbon Dioxide. Proc. R. Soc. London, A, 87, 48-61.
10 Vogel, H. (1914). Über die Viskosität einiger Gase und ihre Temperaturabhängigkeit bei
tiefen Temperaturen. Ann. Phys. (Leipzig), 43, 1235-1272.
11 Lassalle, L. J. (1921). On the Motion of a Sphere of Oil Through Carbon Dioxide and a
Determination of the Coefficient of Viscosity of that Gas by the Oil Drop Method. Phys.
Rev., 17(3), 354-366.
12 Smith, C. J. (1922). An experimental comparison of the viscous properties of (a) carbon
dioxide and nitrous oxide; (b) nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 34,
155-165.
13 Eglin, J. M. (1923). The Coefficients of Viscosity and Slip of Carbon Dioxide by the Oil
Drop Method and the Law of Motion of an Oil Drop in Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, and
Helium, at Low Pressures. Phys. Rev., 22(2), 161-170.
14 Ishida, Y. (1923). Determination of Viscosities and of the Stokes-Millikan Law Constant by
the Oil-Drop Method. Phys. Rev., 21(5), 550-563.
15 van Dyke, K. S. (1923). The Coefficients of Viscosity and of Slip of Air and of Carbon
Dioxide by the Rotating Cylinder Method. Phys. Rev., 21(3), 250-265.
16 Trautz, M. and R. Zink (1930). The viscosity, thermal conductivity and diffusion in gas
mixtures. XII. Gas viscosity at high temperatures (in German). Ann. Phys. (Leipzig), 7,
427-452.
17 Trautz, M. and F. Kurz (1931). Die Reibung, Wärmeleitung und Diffusion in
Gasmischungen. XV. Die Reibung von H2, N2O, CO2 und C3H8. Ann. Phys. (Leipzig), 9,
981-1003.
18 Brémond, P. (1933). Sur la viscosité des gaz aux températures élevées. C. R. Hebd.
Seances Acad. Sci., 196, 1472-1474.
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19 Stakelbeck, H. (1933). Ueber die Zähigkeit verschiedener Kältemittel im flüssigen und

dampfförmigen Zustand in Abhängigkeit von Druck und Temperatur. Z. ges. Kälte-Ind.,
40(3), 33-40.
20 Schröer, E. and G. Becker (1935). Untersuchungen über den kritischen Zustand. V.
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Zähigkeit im kritischen Zustand. Z. Phys. Chem., A173, 178-197.
21 Johnston, H. L. and K. E. McCloskey (1940). Viscosities of Several Common Gases
Between 90°K and Room Temperature. J. Phys. Chem., 44(9), 1038-1058.
22 Naldrett, S. N. and O. Maass (1940). The Viscosity of Carbon Dioxide in the Critical
Region. Can. J. Res., 18, Section A(10), 322-332.
23 Comings, E. W. and R. S. Egly (1941). Viscosity of Ethylene and of Carbon Dioxide
under Pressure. Ind. Eng. Chem., 33(10), 1224-1229.
24 Wobser, R. and F. Müller (1941). Die innere Reibung von Gasen und Dämpfen und ihre
Messung im Höppler-Viskosimeter. Kolloid-Beih., 52(6-7), 165-276.
25 Comings, E. W., B. J. Mayland, and R. S. Egly (1944). The viscosity of gases at high
pressures (University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station Bulletin Series, No. 354,
Urbana, Illinois, 66 pages).
26 Vasilesco, V. (1945). Recherches Expérimentales sur la Viscosité des Gazes aux
Températures Elevées. Part I. Annales de Physique, 20, 137-176.
27 Vasilesco, V. (1945). Recherches Expérimentales sur la Viscosité des Gazes aux
Températures Elevées. Part II. Annales de Physique, 20, 292-334.
28 Kiyama, R. and T. Makita (1951). A new simple viscometer for compressed gases and
viscosity of carbon dioxide. Rev. Phys. Chem. Japan, 21, 63-68.
29 Kiyama, R. and T. Makita (1952). The viscosity of carbon dioxide, ammonia, acetylene,
argon and oxygen under high pressures. Rev. Phys. Chem. Japan, 12, 49-58.
30 Golubev, I. F. and V. A. Petrov (1953). The Viscosity of Gases and Gas Mixtures. Trudy
GIAP(2), 5-33.
31 Kompaneetz, V. Y. (1953). Experimental investigation of the viscosity of gases and
gaseous mixtures at high temperatures (in Russian). Sb. Nauchn. Rab., Leningr. Inst.
Mekh. Sel. Khoz., 113-126.
32 Makita, T. (1955). The viscosity of gases under high pressure (Kyoto Tech. Univ. for
Science and Technology, ISBN, Kyoto, Japan, 19-35.
33 Savino, J. M. (1955) Dynamic Viscosity of Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide at High
Pressures. Ph.D. Thesis, Purdue University.
34 Uchiyama, H. (1955). Viscosity of Gases at Atmospheric Pressure (in Japanese). Kagaku
kogaku (Chem. Eng. Japan), 19, 342-348.
35 Michels, A., A. Botzen, and W. Schuurman (1957). The viscosity of carbon dioxide
between 0 °C and 75 °C and at pressures up to 2000 atmospheres. Physica (Amsterdam),
23, 95-102.
36 Novikov, I. I. (1957). A relationship for the viscosity and thermal conductivity of liquids
and gases (in Russian). Atomn. Energ., 2(5), 468.
37 Kestin, J. and W. Leidenfrost (1959). An Absolute Determination of the Viscosity of
Eleven Gases Over a Range of Pressures. Physica, 25, 1033-1062.
38 Savino, J. M. and W. L. Sibbitt (1959). Capillary viscometer for inert gases and vapors
at high temperatures and pressures. Ind. Eng. Chem., 51(4), 551-554.
39 Kennedy, J. T. and G. Thodos (1961). The transport properties of carbon dioxide.
AIChE J., 7(4), 625-631.
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40 Kestin, J. and J. H. Whitelaw (1963). A relative determination of the viscosity of several

gases by the oscillating disk method. Physica (Amsterdam), 29, 335-356.
41 Kestin, J., J. H. Whitelaw, and T. F. Zien (1964). The viscosity of carbon dioxide in the
neighbourhood of the critical point. Physica (Amsterdam), 30, 161-181.
42 Chakraborti, P. K. and P. Gray (1965). Viscosities of gaseous mixtures containing polar
gases: mixtures with one polar constituent. Trans. Faraday Soc., 61(515), 2422-2434.
43 Kesselman, P. M. and S. K. Chernyshev (1965). Thermal properties of some
hydrocarbons at high temperatures. Teplofiz. Vys. Temp., 3, 700-707.
44 Breetveld, J. D., R. DiPippo, and J. Kestin (1966). Viscosity and Binary Diffusion
Coefficient of Neon-Carbon Dioxide Mixtures at 20° and 30°C. J. Chem. Phys., 45(1), 124-
126.
45 Kestin, J., Y. Kobayashi, and R. T. Wood (1966). Viscosity of 4 Binary Gaseous
Mixtures at 20° and 30°C. Physica, 32(6), 1065-1089.
46 DiPippo, R., J. Kestin, and K. Oguchi (1967). Viscosity of Three Binary Gaseous
Mixtures. J. Chem. Phys., 46(12), 4758-4764.
47 Gururaja, G. J., M. A. Tirunarayanan, and A. Ramachandran (1967). Dynamic
viscosity of gas mixtures. J. Chem. Eng. Data, 12(4), 562-567.
48 Weintraub, M. and P. E. Corey (1967). High temperature viscosity of gases estimated
quickly. Chem. Eng., 74(22), 204.
49 Kestin, J. and J. Yata (1968). Viscosity and diffusion coefficient of six binary mixtures. J.
Chem. Phys., 49(11), 4780-4791.
50 Pal, A. K. and A. K. Barua (1968). Viscosity of Some Quadrupolar Gases and Vapors. J.
Chem. Phys., 48(2), 872-874.
51 Bailey, B. J. (1970). The viscosity of carbon dioxide and acetylene at atmospheric
pressure. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 3(4), 550.
52 Golubev, I. F. (1970). Viscosity of gases and gas mixtures. A handbook (R. Kondor,
Trans.). Israel Program for Scientific Translations. Jerusalem: 245 p.
53 Herreman, W., W. Grevendonk, and A. De Bock (1970). Shear viscosity measurements
of liquid carbon dioxide. J. Chem. Phys., 53(1), 185-189.
54 Maitland, G. C. and E. B. Smith (1970). The viscosity of CO2 between 293 °K and 1500
°K (in French). J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 67(3), 631-632.
55 Golubev, I. F., N. E. Gnezdilov, and G. V. Brodskoya (1971). The viscosity of air and
carbon dioxide at various temperatures and pressures (in Russian). Kimiya i teknologiya
organicheska sinteza, ONTl, GIAP, part 8, 48-53.
56 Golubev, I. F. and R. I. Shepeleva (1971). The viscosity of liquid carbon dioxide at
temperatures from -30,0 to +20,0 °C and pressures from 40 to 500 kg/cm2 (in Russian).
Kimiya i teknologiya organicheska sinteza, ONTI, GIAP, Part 8, 44-47.
57 Herreman, W., A. Lattenist, W. Grevendonk, and A. De Bock (1971). Measurements on
the viscosity of carbon dioxide. Physica (Amsterdam), 52(3), 489-492.
58 Kestin, J., S. T. Ro, and W. A. Wakeham (1971). Reference Values of the Viscosity of
Twelve Gases at 25°C. Trans. Farad. Soc., 67, 2308-2313.
59 Altunin, V. V. and M. A. Sakhabetdinov (1972). The viscosity of liquid and gaseous
carbon dioxide at temperatures of 220-1300 K and pressures up to 1200 bar. Therm. Eng.,
19(8), 124-129.
60 Kestin, J., S. T. Ro, and W. A. Wakeham (1972). Viscosity of carbon dioxide in the
temperature range 25-700 °C. J. Chem. Phys., 56(8), 4114-4118.
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61 Kurin, V. I. and I. F. Golubev (1974). The Viscosity of Argon, Air and Carbon Dioxide
at Pressures up to 4000 kgf/cm2 and at Different Temperatures. Therm. Eng., 21(11), 125-
127.
62 Strumpf, H. J., A. F. Collings, and C. J. Pings (1974). Viscosity of Xenon and Ethane in
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