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Subject: Minimum idle speed adjustment and idle air control (IAC) valve minimum air
rate adjustment for fuel-injected engines
Symptom: Erratic or incorrect idle speed
Source: GM divisional service manuals
This reference provides instructions for checking and adjusting the minimum idle speed (also
called IAC minimum air rate) for most GM fuel-injected engines through the 1999 model year.
When directed to this reference by a Fast-Track® Troubleshooter tip or by another reference
in this manual, locate the engine displacement, model year, and engine code of the vehicle in
the following tables. Table G067-1 lists passenger car engines; Table G067-2 lists truck
engines. Each table includes the minimum idle rpm specification and directs you to the
following procedures:
• Minimum idle speed procedures—procedures A through K contain instructions for
establishing the minimum idle speed of the engine for checking and adjustment.
• Idle learn procedures—procedures 1 through 18 contain the instructions that must be
followed to ensure that the ECM adaptive memory program “learns” the new idle speed
after adjustment.
This reference also explains the different types of General Motors IAC valves and contains a
basic procedure to access the throttle stop adjusting screw on GM port and throttle-body
injection systems.
Each GM engine requires a specific procedure for minimum idle speed adjustment and idle
learning. The complete instructions should be followed exactly for every engine.
If the TPS is adjustable, check and readjust the TPS after adjusting minimum idle speed.
Refer to Table G067-1 below for passenger car specifications, and to Table G067-2 on
page G125 for truck specifications.
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Table G067-3 Controlled idle speed specifications for trucks, vans, and minivans (part 1 of 3)
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Table G067-3 Controlled idle speed specifications for trucks, vans, and minivans (part 2 of 3)
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Table G067-3 Controlled idle speed specifications for trucks, vans, and minivans (part 3 of 3)
Figure G067-1
Some IAC motor testers apply more voltage to the IAC motor than the normal ECM circuit
applies. Such a tester makes a sluggish IAC motor appear to operate normally. An IAC count
or IAC position of 2 or lower at idle may damage the IAC motor. This can be caused by a
vacuum leak or incorrect idle speed.
An IAC valve should not be disassembled and cleaned in solvent. Additionally, a used IAC
valve should not be manually retracted in an attempt to adjust it because the internal threads
may be damaged. New IAC valves can be adjusted manually.
Some vehicles have an IAC control program that anticipates an increased engine load. For
example, if the air conditioning is turned on, the ECM may increase IAC counts or IAC
position to anticipate the load increase before the ECM engages the A/C compressor clutch.
On speed density port fuel injection (PFI) systems (those using only a MAP sensor), you can
save the IAC control memory by using the Scanner™ FIELD SERVICE functional test. Enter
FIELD SERVICE with the engine running. Then disconnect the IAC connector and connect an
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IAC tester to the IAC motor. Use the tester to check the circuit and control the IAC operation.
The ECM retains the IAC control memory as long as the Scanner™ is in FIELD SERVICE.
Reconnect the IAC with the Scanner™ in the FIELD SERVICE mode.
You can test an IAC motor with an ohmmeter. Refer to a wiring diagram to identify the motor
terminals. Disconnect the motor from the vehicle circuit and connect an ohmmeter across
terminals A and B, then across C and D. Both readings should be 40 to 80 ohms. Motor
resistance can be within specifications, but the motor may fail due to mechanical problems.
NOTE:
i Always clean the throttle body before setting minimum idle. See Reference G008
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4. Turn the screw clockwise until it just contacts the throttle lever. Then, turn the screw an
additional 1-1/2 turns
5. Start the engine and select CODES & DATA AND ROAD TEST from the Main Menu.
6. Check the IAC counts or IAC position at warm curb idle. They should be 5 to 45 in neutral.
7. After adjusting the idle speed, make sure TPS voltage is within specifications. Use the
Scanner™ TPS CHECK & ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS functional test.
8. Reset the learned idle memory, using the appropriate procedure 1 through 15.
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NOTE:
i The throttle balance screw is on the linkage, not in the throttle body, and it may be welded to
the linkage. Cut the weld to make the adjustment.
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5. Reconnect the PCV hose and allow idle speed to stabilize at the minimum rpm.
6. Check minimum idle speed against the rpm specifications in Table G067-1 or
Table G067-2. Adjust minimum idle speed, if necessary, using the throttle stop screw.
7. After final adjustments, shut off the engine and reconnect the IAC valve motor connector.
8. After adjusting the idle speed, make sure TPS voltage is within specifications. Use the
Scanner™ TPS CHECK & ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS functional test.
9. Reset the learned idle memory, using the appropriate procedure 1 through 15.
IMPORTANT:
Do not use any solvent that contains methylethylketone to clean the throttle body.
2. Start the engine and run it until it reaches normal operating temperature in closed loop.
Allow idle rpm to stabilize and verify base ignition timing. Timing should be 10°btdc or
6°btdc if using regular unleaded gasoline.
3. Ground the green “alternator-disable” lead to disable the alternator on Cadillac DeVille
and Fleetwood while performing the rest of this procedure. (The ECM automatically
disables the alternator on Eldorado and Seville during the ISC override.)
4. Use Snap-on® tool THX399, or equivalent, to retract the idle speed control (ISC) motor
until a gap exists between the ISC plunger and the throttle lever.
5. Adjust the minimum idle speed to specifications, using the throttle body screw.
6. After adjusting idle speed, make sure TPS voltage is within specifications (0.45v to 0.55v).
Use the Scanner™ TPS CHECK & ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS functional test.
7. Use tool number THX339, or equivalent, to extend the ISC motor to its maximum
extension. Again, check the TP sensor voltage; it should be:
– DeVille and Fleetwood—1.30v to 1.38v
– Eldorado and Seville—1.15v to 1.20v
– 1987–88 Allante—0.22v to 1.32v
– 1989–92 Allante—use the Scanner™ or the vehicle Climate Control Driver
Information Center (CCDIC) to read throttle angle, ranges from 13.4 to 15.8 degrees.
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8. Turn the ISC plunger to adjust TP sensor voltage or throttle angle as necessary.
9. Reset the learned idle memory and learned TPS memory, refer to Table G067-1.
NOTE:
i All trucks, vans, and minivans listed in Table G067-3 on page G126 use Procedure 10.
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Figure G067-4
3. Select ROAD TEST from the Scanner™ Main Menu, or remove the ALDL jump wire.
4. Start the engine and check for proper idle control operation.
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3. Remove the jumper or exit FIELD SERVICE, release the throttle, and turn the engine off.
4. Restart the engine and check the idle speed.
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14. Apply the brakes and place the transmission in drive range.
15. Turn the climate control center (CCC) off and allow the engine to idle 20 seconds.
16. Turn the CCC to AUTO and verify that the a/c compressor engages. Allow the engine to
idle for another 20 seconds.
17. Place the transmission in park and turn the ignition off.
z Automatic Transmission:
1. Turn the ignition off.
2. Reconnect the battery to the PCM.
3. Turn off the A/C controls.
4. Set the parking brake and block the drive wheels.
5. Start the engine.
6. Run the engine until the engine coolant temperature reaches at least 176°F (80°C).
7. Shift the transmission into drive.
8. Allow the engine to idle for 5 minutes.
9. Shift the transmission into park.
10. Allow the engine to idle for 5 minutes.
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z Manual Transmission:
12. Turn the ignition off.
13. Reconnect the battery to the PCM.
14. Turn off the A/C controls.
15. Set the parking brake and block the drive wheels.
16. Place the transmission in neutral.
17. Start the engine.
18. Run the engine until the engine coolant temperature reaches at least 176°F (80°C).
19. Allow the engine to idle for 5 minutes.
20. Turn the engine off for 30 seconds.
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