INDIA’S FIRST TETRA NETWORK

by Delhi Metro Railway Corporation(DMRC)

TETRA Delhi Seminar

September 2008

Prashant Rao
Chief Signal & Telecomm Engineer

Slide 1
Delhi – the need for a mass transit system

• As cities grow in size, the number of vehicular trips on road

system goes up. This requires a pragmatic policy shift to
discourage private modes and encourage public transport.

• Delhi has experienced phenomenal growth in population in

the last few decades. Its population has increased from 6
million in 1981 to almost 15 million today.

• For want of an efficient mass transport system, the number

of motor vehicles had increased from 0.5 million in 1981 to
more than 4 million today.

• The result is extreme congestion on Delhi roads, ever

slowing speeds, increase in road accidents fuel wastage and
environmental pollution with motorized vehicles alone
contributing to about two thirds of the atmospheric pollution.

Slide 2
DMRC today
• DMRC was then given a mandate to
construct >50 kms of Metro Rail tracks in
Delhi by 2005

• Work started in 1998, and the first section

of Line 1 opened on 25 Dec 2002

• DMRC today consists of 3 operational lines,

which concluded the Phase1 of the Project

• Proven to be a tremendous success in

meeting its aims of reducing road
congestion, stimulating economic
development within the proximity of the
stations .

• The success of Delhi Metro has inspired

greater support for mass transit systems in
India (e.g. Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad)

Slide 3
Slide 4
DMRC phase 2 lines - by 2010

Slide 5
Metro Rails Major Building Blocks

• The Structures-Stations, Tunnels, Elevated Via-Duct

• The Rail Track
• The Rolling Stock
• Electrical Systems- Traction and Low Voltage Supply
• Train Control & Signaling Systems
• Telecommunication Systems
• Ticketing Systems

Slide 6
Radio system Requirement

• Train to Controller Communication

• Operations & Maintenance Personnel

• Security Staff

Slide 7
Why TETRA
• TETRA was selected as the radio technology for the following
reasons:
– Open Standards
• Guaranteed minimum performance (~ 500 ms setup time)
• Provides evolutionary growth
• Sourcing from more than one vendor
• Competitive pricing
– Frequency efficient
– Group & Private Call
– Integrated voice and data
– Full Duplex
– Resilience
• Site Trunking
• DMO

Slide 8
DMRC Radio System
• Operational from 2002

• Digital Trunked Radio System operating in 380-400

MHz conforming to ETSI TETRA standard
– Calling of Train by Train Identity Number (TID)
– Customized GUI Screen for Dispatch Operator
– Train Radio Control Panel for train drivers
– Interfaces to other Telecommunication Subsystems
• FOTS (fibre optic transmission system),
• PA (public address),
• EPABX
• TC&S (Train Control & Signalling).

• Thales (Line 1&2) and Siemens (Line 3) supplied

the telecommunication system including the radio
system.
– Motorola was selected as the sub-supplier to provide
the TETRA integrated digital radio system for these
Lines.

• Further for Phase 2 Network also Motorola is

contracted to supply the TETRA radio system for
the upcoming 100 km

Slide 9
System Sizing
• Phase 1
– Central Network Equipment
(SwMi) at Master Site
– 15 Radio Base Stations
– 12 Customized GUI
Dispatchers
– 120 Trainborne Mobile
Radios
• Mobile Radio, Train
Control Interface, Radio
Control Panel
– 60 Fixed Radios
• Standard Mobile Radio
installation
– 500 Portable Radios
Phase 2
– Standby Central Network
Equipment (SwMi)
– 19 Radio Base Stations
– 17 Customized GUI
Dispatchers
– 248 Trainborne Mobile
Radios
• Mobile Radio, Train
Control Interface, Radio
Control Panel
– 122 Fixed Radios
• Standard Mobile Radio
installation
– 600 Portable Radios
Slide 10
Slide 11
Radio Dispatch sub-system
• The radio dispatch application was
customized according to DMRC’s
operational requirements.

• The development of application is based on

Application Program Interfaces

• The required functionalities are performed

from the customized GUI of the dispatch
terminals. Key functions include:

– Calling of trains by their assigned Train

Identity Number or RakeID
– Full duplex private calls between Dispatcher
and Train Drivers.
– PA announcement to trains from Dispatcher
at OCC.

Slide 12
Trainborne equipment
• Implemented in front and rear cab
• Operating in main and standby

• Direct PA announcement from OCC to

train passengers

– In case of Emergency (e.g. driver

incapacitated), Controller can make
Radio direct announcement inside Train
Display
Panel
– Implemented by interfacing on-
board radio to on-board PA

• Radio to station PA announcement

Handset – In Emergencies - Portable to
Station PA announcement facility
(Fire, Evacuation, etc)
– Good quality Voice due to inherent
improved quality of TETRA
– Can select a Particular Station
Number and a particular Zone
– Implemented by radio Interface to
EPABX and further EPABX
interface to PA

Slide 13
Trainborne Radio Equipment Architecture

TRIU
MR MR TRIU

CPU CPU
TRCP TRCP
I/O I/O

DC/DC DC/DC

Fall Back Link

•Trainborne Radio Equipment consists of

Mobile Radio
Train Radio Control Panel
Train Radio Interface Unit

•Implemented in the Front and Rear cab

•Fall Back connection to Rear cab

•Operating in the standby mode to the Front cab

Slide 14
Radio Coverage in Underground

• Is by Leaky Coaxial (LCX) Cables and Indoor Antennas

• Bi-directional Amplifiers(BDA)/ RF-Optical Repeaters

provided at every station ,feeding cables into tunnels
and station areas.

• LCX cables are also provided of GSM/CDMA operators

for Mobile coverage

Slide 15
 Further
ext

Station1 Station2 Station 3 Station N

CN BDA BDA BDA

PS
BDA BDA BDA
DC Blocs DC Blocs DC Blocs
Power
Station Station Station Splitter
Network Network Network
1:2
BTS

16
Slide 18
Radio CNE

Slide 17
Radio Tower (50 m)

Slide 18
Remote Base Station (BTS)

Slide 19
STATION RADIO PHONE

Slide 20
Conclusion
• TETRA communication system has been
implemented successfully

• The signals are clear

• The voice clarity is excellent

• The TETRA technology effectively meets

DMRC’s operational and functional
expectations

Slide 21
THANK YOU

Slide 22