CHECKING THE RANGE OF MOTION (ROM)

Supervisior :
Iin Noviana M.Pd

Prepared By Group 5:
1. Ahmad Shoba Rizki A (151001003)
2. Ayu Lu’lu’ul Jannah (151001005)
3. Fitri Fajarwati Zulfa (151001016)
4. Tiflatul Amin Hidayah (151001040)

SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN

(STIKES) PEMKAB JOMBANG
S1 KEPERAWATAN/ III A
TAHUN AJARAN 2015/2016

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 FOREWORD

Praise be to the presence of Allah SWT who has bestowed His grace, guidance and
charity, so that we can complete this paper well and timely. With this paper, it is expected
to assist the learning process and increase knowledge for readers. The author also does
not forget to thank all parties for their support, support and prayers.
Hopefully this paper can be useful for all those who read this paper, so it can facilitate
and facilitate the teaching and learning process. This paper may be less than perfect, so
we expect criticisms and suggestions for the completion of this paper.

Jombang, 22 September 2017

Compiler

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ..................................................................................................................... i
FOREWORD............................................................................................................ ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ ii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background .................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Problem Formulation ..................................................................................... 1
1.3 Objective ........................................................................................................ 1
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION
2.1 Definition ....................................................................................................... 2
2.2 The Purpose Of Range Of Motion ................................................................. 2
2.3 Benefits Range Of Motion ............................................................................ 2
2.4 Type Of Range Of Motion ............................................................................. 2
2.5 Joint Movement ............................................................................................ 4
BAB III CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion....................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Suggestion ....................................................................................................... 9
BIBLIOGHRAPHY

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Range of motion (ROM) is a movement in normal circumstances can be done
by the joints concerned (Suratun, et al, 2008). The range of motion (ROM) exercise
is an exercise performed to maintain or improve the level of perfection of the ability
to move the joints normally and completely to increase muscle mass and muscle tone.
ROM exercises are usually performed in semicoma and unconscious patients,
patients with limited mobilization are unable to perform some or all of the range of
motion exercises independently, total restless patients or patients with total excessive
paralysis.
In addition to functioning as a defense or can improve the level of perfection
ability to move the joints in a normal, complete, and to increase muscle mass and
muscle tone, ROM also has a classification of ROM, ROM type, indications and
contraindications implemented ROM and also the basic principles carried out ROM.
1.2 Problem Formulation
a. What is the definition of Range Of Motion ?
b. What is the purpose of Range Of Motion ?
c. What is the benefit of Range Of Motion ?
d. How to type of Range Of Motion ?
e. How to joint vonement ?
1.3 Objective
a. Know the definition of Range Of Motion
b. Know the purpose of Range Of Motion
c. Know the benefit of Range Of Motion
d. Know the type of Range Of Motion
e. Know the joint vonement

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1 Definition
Range Of Motion (ROM) is the action / exercise of muscles or joints given to
patients whose joint mobility is limited due to disease, diability, or trauma.
Range of Motion: the complete extent of movement of which a joint is capable.
Used when doing routine activities such as bathing eating and dressing; uses muscles
that keep many joints in effective range of motion

2.2 The purpose of Range of Motion:

1. To prevent problems caused by a lack of movement
2. To prevent problems caused by inactivity
a. Contractures: the tightening and shortening of a muscle: for example, foot drop
b. Muscles may atrophy (shrink) when they are not used.
3 . Joints become stiff
4 . Blood clots and decubitus ulcers may develop

2.3 Benefits of ROM (Range Of Motion)

a. Determine ability and ability in doing movement
b. Examine bones, joints, and muscles
c. Prevent joint stiffness
d. Streamlining the blood circulation
e. Improve muscle tone
f. Increase joint mobilization
g. Improved tolerance for exercise

2.4 Types of ROM (Range Of Motion)

a. ACTIVE ROM
Active range of motion (or AROM) - Active ROM (AROM) exercises are
done by a person who can do the exercises all by himself,patient performs the
exercise to move the joint without any assistance to the muscles surrounding the
joint.

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 Nurses provide motivation, and guide clients in carrying out their own
movements independently in accordance with the range of normal joint motion
(active clients). Muscle strength 75%.

b. Passive ROM
Passive range of motion (or PROM) - Passive ROM (PROM) exercises are
done for a person by a helper. The helper does the ROM exercises because the
person cannot do them by himself. Passive range of motion (PROM) exercise
consists of stretching immobile muscles and joint capsules to prevent joint
stiffness and muscle contracture.The indication of passive exercise is semicomal
and unconscious patients, patients with limited mobilization,for example nurse

2.5 A. Active ROM Indication

a. At the moment the patient can perform active muscle contractions and move
the joints either with help or not
b. Active ROM can be used for aerobic exercise program.

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 c. Active ROM is used to maintain the mobilization of the segment above and
below the area that can not move.
B. Passive ROM Indication:
a. In areas where there is acute inflammation of the tissue, when active
movement will inhibit the healing process
b. When the patient can not or is not allowed to move actively on the segment
or the whole body, such as a coma, paralysis or bed rest total

2.6 JOINT MOVEMENT :

1. Flexion
- Bending at a joint
- Set the position of the patient's arm by moving away from the side of the
body and the elbow bending with arms.
- Examples: elbows, knees, and knuckles.
-

2. Extension
Straightening a body part
Examples: elbows, knees, and knuckles.

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3. Hyperextension
Excessive straightening of a body part

4. Abduction
-Moving a body part away from the midline
-Example: move the hand away and close to the body.

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5. Adduction
-Moving a body part toward the midline
- Example: move the hand away and close to the body.

6. Rotation
Moving in a circle at a joint

7. Pronation
-Turning a body part downward
- Pronation only used for the wrist area only

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8. Supination
-Turning/moving a body part upward
- Supination are only used for the wrist area only

9. Inversion
-Turning a body part inward
- inversion only for the region at the ankle.

10. Eversion
-Turning a body part outward
- Eversion only for the region at the ankle.

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11. Dorsiflexion
Bending backward, bending toes backward toward face

12. Plantar Flexion

Bending forward, pointing toes downward (like a ballerina)

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion
ROM should be repeated, slowly and carefully so not tiring the patient. In planning
a ROM exercise program, take note patient age, diagnosis, vital signs and duration of bed
rest. Body parts that can be done ROM exercises are the neck, fingers, arms, elbows,
shoulders, heels, feet, and ankles.
ROM can be done on all joints or only on parts that are suspected to experience
disease process and must be timed. In addition to the above mentioned, ROM should also
be done pay attention to the objectives, benefits, indications, and contraindications to
avoid an undesirable thing happens to the patient further
3.2 Suggestion
Based on this paper we created, we can suggest to all healthcare workers especially
nurses to be more able to know, understand about ROM and all its principles, indications
and contraindications to be able into consideration in its application in the world of
health

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Potter & Perry. (1997). Fundamentals of Nursing 3Th ed. The Art and Science of Nursing Care.
Philadelphia-New York : Lippincott

Hidayat, AAA. (2006). Pengantar Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia, Aplikasi Konsep dan Proses
Keperawatan. Buku 2. Jakarta : Salemba Medika

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_of_motion

https://antoniuscatur.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/rom.pdf

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