Conclusion

To conclude, on these three articles, it was possible to detect some of the moves and steps
developed by Swales and Feak. It was possible to distinguish the first move in every article: each
one begins by establishing a research territory. In the first instance, each one claims the centrality
of their papers to the reader and the importance of the research area that then is develop. Also,
every author supported this centrality claim by reviewing items of previous research.

The second movement does not appear as clear as the first one on the texts. The article about art,
was the only one where was possible to identify

GAPS:

 the author asserts with no doubt that “despite some attempts at synthesis there has no
been summary or critical appraisal of all his activities [...]”
 Referring to other researches who “criticised and complained” about the lack of previous
findings (third paragraph). Use of negative adjective “incomplete”, “sobering debut” +
“the lack of”
 The author wants to review the Darwin’s paleontological work referring to others
previous works but he specified that “these discussion are extremely widely scattered in
the literature” and then he expresses his difficulty in doing it by saying “ so is has been
difficult to consider [...]”

EXTENDING PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

 last paragraph “here i extend and elaborate on this view and reach two main ADDITIONAL
conclusions [...]”
 Again here he talks about the “incompleteness” of previous works that “has distracted us
from [...]”

RAISING QUESTIONS

 second paragraph. The author talks about the fact that contrary to many aspects of
Darwin’s life and career “his work and thinking on palaeontology have been strangely
underexamined.”
 Beginning: “although...”: is it a negative opening? Commented [f1]: Not sure

The first movement of the CARS Model is establishing a research territory. It means that the
authors claim the centrality of their papers, using words or structures which express how useful,
relevant, important or worthly their research is. To support centrality, they are also supposed to
generalize the topic, in order to show the current state of knowledge and to review previous
researches, highlighting what has been found.
Establishing a nichea

a. by indicating a gap in the previous research, raising a question about it, or extending previous
knowledge in some way. (obligatory