The Implementation of XML Technology For
Various Information Systems
Dimas Maulana
Informatic of Engineering - UII Yogyakarta
Pembangunan Panca Budi of University - Medan
Abstract-This paper describes what the implementation of XML
technology in information systems. In the information system, its
can work as a time format XML data exchange, temporal
databases, integration of information resources or other internet.
In the exchange of data needed to be formatted files between
servers. XML also supports the temporal extension as a
representation of the historical database. In addition to
supporting temporal, XML can also be implemented based on
the framework that can serve as Internet information resources
integration. All of this implementation is applied to the efficiency
in information systems.
Index Terms—XML, Implementation, Information System
I. INTRODUCTION
X ML stands for Extensible Markup Language is a
language used to describe and manipulate structured
documents .XML is a web language derived from
SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) that existed
before. XML is not a programming language that can process
data as other programming languages. He just focuses on the
data - describe how your way to become more efficient.
XML is a markup Language that almost similar to HTML
(Hyper Text Markup Language), but there are important
differences between them. Unlike HTML, XML defined focus
on content rather than how the page looks when viewed
through a browser. HTML format and is limited to certain
rules, while XML has a flexible nature, where the use of tags
it can freely depending on the purposes of the user. For
example, to send electronic purchase order XML document
can define labels like #buying, #product, #quantity and so
forth. These differences can be seen in the following table:
1
XML HTML
Use to describe the data Use to shows the data
Can use its own label Must use labels that have
(Extensible) been defined by HTML
Focus on what data Focus on how the data
looks
Here can we define that XML has two main function,
namely as markup and as representation data. As an example
rather than a representation of data, for example, create a
configuration file, or as an example of a purchase order above.
And examples than the markup is, for example, you want to
give a portion of your text as bold or italic.
A. History of XML
[1] 1
XML was developed starting in 1996 and received
recognition from the W3C in February 1998. The technology
used in the XML is actually not a new technology, but it is a
derivative of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup
Language), which has been developed in the early 80s and has
been widely used the technical documentation of large-scale
projects. When HTML was developed in 1990, the initiators
of XML adopted the most important part in SGML and based
on the development generate HTML markup language that is
no less powerful as SGML
XML change the way we think to develop a software,
especially web application. The problem that we have now is
how to exchange information between one application to
another application. Sometimes the collaboration between one
application with another application to be determined by the
specification of the application. And should we just need to
1Fawcett. L, Liam. R, Ayers. D, Beginning XML,Willey Publishing.
United States of America.
get data information not understand how the other application,
where the vision of the Internet that has not been achieved.
The vision is a world where the internet PCs, servers, smart
devices and Internet-based devices can collaborate without
any hindrance. Businesses will be able to exchange data
provide customized and comprehensive solutions to customers.
And the main thing is the information needed can be accessed
from anywhere and with the computing device, platform, or
application that we use. XML can enable the exchange of
information or data between devices (servers, PCs, smart
devices, applications, and web sites). This data will be
independent (unlocked), makes it easier to be organized,
programmed and changed and exchanged between web sites
or applications. Because of this need, the more outgoing
XML-based technologies. Examples are SOAP (Simple
Project Access Protocol) and UDDI (Universal Description
Discovery and Integration).
B. Advantages and weaknesses of XML
2
As for our strengths in using XML are:
 Extensibility, can be exchanged or combined with other
XML documents.
 Enables a better programming then created an XML
processing software.
 Separating the data and presentation. Which will be
represented in XML and XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet
Language Transformations).
 Fast data searching because XML is the data in a
structured format.
 Plain text and platform independent.
 For exchange data.
Weakness of XML :
 XML separates the data section (content) and how the
data is displayed in a structured, this causes the data can
be manipulated by anyone who read it.
 XML-based text, readable by humans (human-readable), studies :
the XML document is easy to debug and passed through
the firewall.
C. The Purpose of XML :
3
As for some purpose of XML documents is:
2 3
Dykes L. and Tittel E. XML For Dummies, Willey Publishing.
United States of America.
 As data storage (database) that is readable by the user
because it is stored in clear text.
 Standard data transfer, can be used for the transmission
of transaction data between companies or send data
from a DBMS (Database Management System) is
different (e.g from Oracle to SQL Server).
 As a reference to create a new language, such as WML
(Wireless Markup Language), which is used in mobile
phones with WAP protocol (Wireless Application
Protocol) or VoiceXML is used as a markup language
for speech recognition, dialog, application interaction
voice response or DTMF (Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency
Signaling) applications like recharging or call center
and so on.
 As a configuration file, in the Java XML documents
frequently encountered as file server.xml and web.xml
used Tomcat or query commands are stored in XML
files that are used in the framework iBatis or Hibernate.
II. XML IMPLEMENTATION
The growth of information technology increasingly rapidly.
This is not separated from the main supporter of the
development of technology, the computer technology has
developed very rapidly in the late 20th century ago. and there
is no doubt that the information and telecommunications
business is very promising huge profits.
Internet is one example of assistive technologies, today
became the beginning of a new civilization in cyberspace.
From the internet that we can do many things to help us in the
search for any information in the world. Many things can be
done such as browsing, downloading, searching the data, data
transfer and many more.
One function that is very important is internet data transfer.
Almost all Internet service system using data transfer. Here
we put on the role of XML technology, where their role is
able to bring the data into different systems. The following
will explain some XML implementations in the world of
information systems has been summarized from several
D. Implementation Example #1
1) Data Exchange Between Servers.
One use of XML in information systems are as exchanging
data between servers. The server is a place that provides
John. E, 2002. Just XML. Translated by Dwi Prabantini. Published
Andi, Yogyakarta.
2
information and specific kind of service to client in a network.
As noted above, that XML is a medium for exchanging data
between the application and we will apply to multiple servers
that require data from different server platforms. Now here I
will attach a picture of the context diagram to illustrate the
overall system.
steps - steps in testing this implementation are:
The process of entry and storage of employee data as well
as the creation of an XML file on each server.
The process of parsing XML data obtained from another
server.

dt_employee XML a. The formation of an XML file

Aplikasi Aplikasi
Server 1 Server 2 At this stage formed XML file along with the input of data,
dt_employee XML so the script laid out his program after program scripts to
process data entry into the database. As one example of data
inputted program as follows:
dt_login dt_login
dt_employee dt_employee
dt_employee

User 1 User 2

dt_employee

Picutre 1. Diagram Context

Once executed, will generate xml file:

4
From the picture above explains that there are 2 sides
where the two interconnected server via XML data exchange
that is owned by another server.

2) Discussion on the Implementation

In the case of this data exchange, using 2 servers with
different technologies, namely Apache and Coldfusion. Then
this case is tested to determine whether the programming
algorithm that is used in every program in the system is Files that are formed are stored in the folder where the
correct or error still occurs, and whether the system is built to server will be used for the parsing process to another server.
meet the objective.

The basis of the implementation of this test is to determine

b. The process of parsing XML data
whether the server can exchange data with XML format. 5The
The algorithm of this parsing process is :
4Schott. S, 2003. Building XML Web Services For The
 Data XML retrieved from another server.
Microsoft .NET Platform. PT Elex Media Komputindo. Jakarta.
5Azmi. M, Putra. S, 2010.XML Technology Implementation in The  Data then parses it to take information only.
Server Data Exchange. Politeknik Negeri Padang. Padang.
 The information obtained is processed further.

3

To be able to do the above, the second server at least have
an agreement form / form of XML data that is exchanged.
This is done so that each data element in an XML document
that is exchanged can be read and decoded correctly by the
system on both sides of the server.
in the parametric model data [1]. In Dept relation, an example
of temporal elements is [41,47] ∪ [71, NOW].
Temporal Attribute Values: To capture the changing value
of an attribute, a temporal value of an attribute is defined as a
function from a temporal element into the domain of the
attribute [1]. The temporal value of MName attribute in the
first tuple is [41,47] Tom, [71,NOW] Inga. If ξ is a temporal
value, ξ denotes its domain. Thus [41,47] Tom, [71,NOW]
Inga =[41,71] ∪ [71,NOW]

XML Representation: Here's an example of an XML

Representation of Relational Dept.
E. Implementation Example #2
1) XML-Based Framework for Implementation Database
Temporal
In this implementation we use XML as a parametric model
implementation temporal database. As we know that 6temporal
database is a database that maintains past, present, and future
data in the broadest sense. All mechanisms used in these
database systems based on XML technology.

a. Parametric Data Model for Temporal Data

Here is an example of parametric temporal relationship:

Parametric Structured Query Language: Form ParaSQL

statement similar to the SQL as usual.

Figure 1. Dept relation

7
Temporal Elements: To Obtain timestamps that are closed A domain expression is used to restrict the domain of tuples
under the set theoretic operations of union, intersection and (or objects) filtered by a boolean expression. A boolean
complement, the concept of temporal elements is Introduced expression has the same functionality as classical SQL in that
it either qualifies or disqualifies a tuple. But it differs from
6 Amagasa, Toshiyuki, Masatoshi Yoshikawa, and Shunsuke Uemura.
classical SQL in that it can be constructed by domain
expressions with set operations.
"A data model for temporal XML documents." International
Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications. Springer
Berlin Heidelberg, 2000.
7
b. System Architecture
NOH, Seo-Young; GADIA, Shashi K. An XML-based framework
for temporal database implementation. In: 12th International 8
System to create a temporal database consists of three
Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME'05).
IEEE, 2005. p. 180-182.
8Lee, Kangchan, et al. "A design and implementation of XML-Based
mediation framework (XMF) for integration of internet information

4
layers, namely: Query Processing Layer, Query Execution
Layer and Storage Management Layer.
 Query processing Layer: This layer generates the
physical query plan from ParaSQL query.
 Query Execution Layer: This layer executes an
expression tree represented in XML
 Storage Management Layer: This layer works to
regulate paginated XML data.
F. Implementation of Example #3
3) Implementation XMF (Xml-Based Meditation
Framework) for Internet Information Integration.
One of the important problems in the management of
Internet data IALA integration of information resources. Task
resources information system is to answer questions that
require extracting and combining data from different sources
of information. To be able to provide a solution of the issues,
then made XMF to integrate Internet information resources.

c. Result Implementation a. XMF Architecture

The results of these implementations use 3 parameters :
 Test Data: by creating a synthetic data XML.
 Test Queries: by giving a test on the system with the
following query 5 :
9
XMF consist of three layers namely: Application Layer,
Layer Meditation and Resource Layer. Most internet resources
choose their position on the Resource Layer. DBMS, Search
Engine, File System and applications available on the WWW
are examples of Internet information resources.
Here's an overview of the architecture of XMF :

Test Result: we can see the performance of each query.

Reviews These queries are different types of queries, that is,
relations scan, interval, and snapshot. However, they are the
Figure 1. Layered architecture of XMF
same type queries in the ParaSQL's viewpoint.

 Mediator
d. Conclusion
Figure 2 shows the detail block diagram of mediator.
Despite extensive work in temporal databases, it is difficult
Mediator is composed of a Query Processor, a Result
to find native implementations that are independent of
conventional databases. XML is a growing trend and adapted
in many systems and research areas. Temporal databases are
no exception.

9 Garcia-Molina, Hector, et al. "The TSIMMIS approach to

resources." System Sciences, 2002. HICSS. Proceedings of the 35th mediation: Data models and languages." Journal of intelligent
Annual Hawaii International Conference on. IEEE, 2002. information systems 8.2 (1997): 117-132.

5
Integrator, and a XMR handler. 10The Query Processor is in
charge of receiving, analyzing, and decomposing global
requires into deliverable forms for wrappers. At first, query
processor test the user query for query conformance test with
stored global schema. After that, the main rule of query
processor is generating the sub-query and distributing the sub-
query to appropriate wrapper.

b. XMF Meditation Rules

Figure 2. Mediator Architecture
11
Result The function of the handler is to receive XML data
where the result of each sub-query. 12The XMR Handler is a
metadata management module. This means that XMF
Meditation wrapper Rules including location information, user
id, password, global and local schemas and relationships.
14
XMF overcomes heterogeneity of data models, DBMS
types and platforms by using XML on the Internet. The reason
why we use XML is that it provides the common data
modeling framework of heterogeneous information integration,
and interopability between applications. This is the overview
of how XMF usage environment.

 Wrapper
13
The main function of wrapper is to translate the sub-query
into local query according to its information resource
management system and to transform the local result into
XML data format. The wrapper is composed of Query
Translator, Result Translator, and XMR Handler.

10Levy, Alon Y., Anand Rajaraman, and Joann J. Ordille. "The

World Wide Web as a Collection of Views: Query Processing in the
Information Manifold." VIEWS. 1996 Figure 4. XMF Usage Environment
11Panchapagesan, Priya, et al. "The INEEL data integration
mediation system." Proc. International ICSC Symposium on
Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis (AIDA'99), Rochester, NY, In XMF, wrapper makes it possible that each on-line
June 1999. 1999. bookstore can be considered as a XML repository. Each
12
Cluet, Sophie, et al. "Your mediators need data conversion!."
ACM SIGMOD Record. Vol. 27. No. 2. ACM, 1998 14Yoo, Seong-Joon, Kangchan Lee, and Kyuchul Lee. "An XML-
13Ludascher, Chaitanya Baru Amarnath Gupta Bertram, and Richard based mediation framework for seamless access to heterogeneous
Marciano Yannis Papakonstantinou Pavel Velikhov. "XML-Based internet resources." International Conference on Information
Information Mediation with MIX." Networking. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003.

6
wrapper of bookstore understands the XMF queries and
returns the results in XML formats as shown in below picture.
Which is shows the query results of each wrapper and the
results are similar but the structures are different.
For the integration of the result of the wrapper, XMF utilize
XMR(XMR Meditation Rules), which defines mapping
information between global schema and local schema.
c. Related Work
Various mediator systems, such as TSIMMIS, IM, YAT,
IDIMS, HERMES, have been implemented fot the integration
of heterogeneous sources. These are the definition to each
others:
15
TSIMMIS[9] follows the mediator architecture, allowing
us to create a hierarchy of wrappers and mediators that talk to
one another.
IM (Information Manifold)[10] is a system for browsing
and querying of multiple networked information sources.
IDIMS(INEEL Data Integration Mediation System)[11] is a
mediator system for database integration aimed for data
integration from multiple heterogeneous sources.
15Zhang, Feng, Yongshan Wei, and Xin Chen. "A reusable data
convergency model for integration of heterogeneous data resources."
Computer Science and Information Technology, 2009. ICCSIT 2009.
2nd IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2009.
7
YAT[12] is a mediator system for the specification and the
implementation of data conversions among heterogeneous
data sources.
And the last is MIX[13], which focus on wrapper-mediator
systems which employ XML as a means for information
modeling, as well as interchange, across heterogeneous
information sources.
d. Conclusion
A new integration framework XMF, which provides
uniform views over large number of Internet information
resources by using only XML and Internet. XML provides
self-describing modeling method for capturing semantic of
heterogeneous information resources, and the Internet
protocol supports the common data communication
mechanism. The features of XMF are integrating various
kinds of information source and its application on the Internet,
supporting common data model and run-time integration of
information resources by using its mediation mechanism and
query language. In consequence, XMF supports common
architecture and query language for integrating the Internet
information resources and user can easily access XMF with
uniform method. Furthermore, XMF can be easily
implemented with current Internet technology and XML-
related software.
III. CONCLUSION
XML is a formatting language used to describe data. XML
is designed to carry and store the data, this is unlike the case
with HTML that displays data. In Information Systems, XML
can be implemented as a data exchange format, temporal
database and also for the integration of Internet information
resources.
In the system of data exchange formats, XML is working
on the file to be sent to other servers as the standard for data
description. Results are server data receiver will understand
from the data sent by other servers that have different
platforms.
In temporal databases, XML works as a temporary data
storage with a parametric model implementation temporal
database. In this case, XML is used as an intermediate for
efficiency in history database.
In XML-Based Framework, XML work and function in the
management of Internet data, the integration of information
resources. In doing so, there are some within XMF
architecture, the Application Layer, Layer Meditation and
Resource Layer.
XML is a great way to develop information systems that
are reliable, durable, and sophisticated in handling data. Its
function in terms of reliable data describing the make XML
formatting technology is believed to remain as a very good
data, particularly in the information system.
[11] Panchapagesan, Priya, et al. "The INEEL data integration mediation
system." Proc. International ICSC Symposium on Advances in
Intelligent Data Analysis (AIDA'99), Rochester, NY, June 1999. 1999.
[12] Cluet, Sophie, et al. "Your mediators need data conversion!." ACM
SIGMOD Record. Vol. 27. No. 2. ACM, 1998.

[13] Ludascher, Chaitanya Baru Amarnath Gupta Bertram, and Richard

IV. REFERENCES Marciano Yannis Papakonstantinou Pavel Velikhov. "XML-Based
[1] Fawcett. L, Liam. R, Ayers. D, Beginning XML,Willey Publishing. Information Mediation with MIX."
United States of America.

[14] Yoo, Seong-Joon, Kangchan Lee, and Kyuchul Lee. "An XML-based
[2] Dykes L. and Tittel E. XML For Dummies, Willey Publishing. United mediation framework for seamless access to heterogeneous internet
States of America. resources." International Conference on Information Networking.
Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003.

[3] John. E, 2002. Just XML. Diterjemahkan oleh Dwi Prabantini.

Published Andi, Yogyakarta.. [15] Zhang, Feng, Yongshan Wei, and Xin Chen. "A reusable data
convergency model for integration of heterogeneous data resources."
Computer Science and Information Technology, 2009. ICCSIT 2009.
2nd IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2009.
[4] Schott. S, 2003. Building XML Web Services For The Microsoft .NET
Platform. PT Elex Media Komputindo. Jakarta.

[5] Azmi. M, Putra. S, 2010.XML Technology Implementation in The

Server Data Exchange. Politeknik Negeri Padang. Padang.

[6] Amagasa, Toshiyuki, Masatoshi Yoshikawa, and Shunsuke Uemura.

"A data model for temporal XML documents." International
Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications. Springer
Berlin Heidelberg, 2000..

[7] NOH, Seo-Young; GADIA, Shashi K. An XML-based framework for

temporal database implementation. In: 12th International Symposium
on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME'05). IEEE, 2005. p.
180-182.

[8] Lee, Kangchan, et al. "A design and implementation of XML-Based

mediation framework (XMF) for integration of internet information
resources." System Sciences, 2002. HICSS. Proceedings of the 35th
Annual Hawaii International Conference on. IEEE, 2002.

[9] Garcia-Molina, Hector, et al. "The TSIMMIS approach to mediation:

Data models and languages." Journal of intelligent information systems
8.2 (1997): 117-132.

[10] Levy, Alon Y., Anand Rajaraman, and Joann J. Ordille. "The World
Wide Web as a Collection of Views: Query Processing in the
Information Manifold." VIEWS. 1996.