SD 672 Assignment No.2

UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM Doc #: H/W 02
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Date: Jan,2018

(CoET) Page: 1 of 17
DEPARTMENT OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
L
I
S
A
Course Instructor Dr. J.K Makunza Course Code:SD 672
Student Name Makala Simon Advanced Design of Reinforced

Concrete
Registration # 2017-06-01394
Makala Simon 2017-06-01394 MSc in Structural Engineering
Reference Calculations Remarks
Table of Contents
DESIGN NOTATION 3
TASK NUMBER TWO (DESIGN OF CIRCULAR SLAB) 4
1. INTRODUCTION 4
1.1Uses of Circular Slabs: 5
1.2 Moment distribution of circular slab with different boundary conditions. 5
1.3TASK GIVEN: 8
1.4 DATA ANALYSIS 8
1.5 Ultimate loads 8
1.6 Design section 8
(a). COMPUTATION OF RADIAL BENDING MOMENTS. 8
(b). COMPUTATION OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL BENDING MOMENTS. 9
(c). COMPUTATION OF SHEAR FORCE. 10
1.7 COMPUTATION OF AN EFFECTIVE DEPTH. 10
1.8 COMPUTATION OF REINFORCEMENT AREA ( Ast) 11
1.9 Check shear 13
2.0 Check for deflection 14
2.1 Crack width calculations 14
3. APPENDIX-DRAWINGS 18
2
DESIGN NOTATION
Mr : radial moment
MΦ : Circumferential moment
Fr :radial shear force
a : radius of slab
µ :Poisson’s ratio
r :any section at distance r from the origin
w :intensity of uniformly distributed load in kN/m2
Φ :Diameter ofreinforcing bar or equivalent diameter of a group of bars
3
TASK NUMBER TWO (DESIGN OF CIRCULAR SLAB)
1. INTRODUCTION
The bending of circular slab is essentially different from a rectangular slab where bending takes
place in distinctly two perpendicular directions along the two spans.
When a circular slab simply supported at the edge is loaded with uniformly distributed Load; it
bends in the form of saucer, due to which stress are developed both in the radial as well as in the
circumferential directions.
Figure :1
The tensile radial and circumferential stresses develop towards the convex side of the saucer and
hence reinforcement needed to be provided both in the radial as well as circumferential
directions, but this arrangement would cause congestion and anchoring problem at the centre of
the slab.
4
Hence the alternative method of providing reinforcement is adopted. Reinforcement is provided

in the form of mesh of bars having equal area of cross –section in both directions. The area being
too equal to that required for the bigger of the radial and circumferential moments. However, if
the stress near the edge it is not negligible or if the edge is fixed, the radial and circumferential
moments near the edge become essential.
1.1Uses of Circular Slabs:

 Roof of a room or hall circular in plan
 Floor of circular water tanks or towers
 Roof of pump houses constructed above the wells
 Roof of a traffic control post at the intersection of roads
1.2 Moment distribution of circular slab with different boundary conditions.

Here we are going to considering only one boundary condition of Circular slab with fixed
support ends with uniformly distributed load (UDL).
Let us considered a circular slab having;
W=Uniformly Distributed Load (UDL)
a=Radius of slab
Mr=Radial bending moments at any point at `r` distance from the Centre of the slab.
(Mr)c & (Mr)e = Radial bending moments at the Centre and edge respectively.
Mθ=Circumferential bending moment at any point at `r` distance from the Centre of the slab.
(Mθ)c& (Mθ)e=Circumferential bending moments at the Centre and at the edge respectively.
The Poisson’s ratio of concrete is very small it may be taken as zero. (µ=0)
𝑎
In radial moment, the point of contra flexure occurs at the distance of √3 from the Centre of the
slab.
The various value of the moments and shear per unit width are under;
𝑤
Mr =16(a2(1+µ)-r2(3+µ)) -General formula for radial moment
𝑤
(Mr)c =16(a2(1+µ) - radial moment at the center, (r=0)
2
(Mr)e = - 16 w(a2+µ) -at the edge
𝑤
(Mθ)c=16(a2(1+µ)-r2(1+3µ)) -General formula for circumferential moment at any point
5
𝑤
(Mθ)c =+16a2 (1+µ) -at the centre ,r=0
(Mθ)e =0 -at the edge, a=r

Fr =0.5wr (per unit width)-at any radius `r`
Fθ = 0 (The circumferential shear force is zero at everywhere.
6
7
DESIGN CALCULATIONS
1.3TASK GIVEN:
Design the bottom circular slab of water tank which rigidity held at edge. if
the concrete cover is 35mm, radius (à`) =2.5m centre to centre to the
beam, thickness of slab (`t`) ≥150mm, fcu=30N/mm2, fy=410N/mm2 and
Imposed load =25KN/m2
TASK: Design the slab and provide steel detailed and bending schedule
1.4 DATA ANALYSIS

DESIGN PARAMETERS
 Depth of slab, overall depth of slab `d`) = 200mm
 Concrete strength (fcu)= 30 N/mm2
 Steel strength(fy) = 410 N/mm2
 Density of Concrete(ρc) = 24 KN/m3
 Imposed load=25KN/m2
 Poisson’s ratio, µ=0.2
 Concrete cover =35mm
1.5 Ultimate loads

Lecture Self-weight of slab=0.20 *1x1*24000=4.8KN/m2
Notice Live load(imposed)= 25KN/m2
Load combinations =w=1.4Gk+1.6Qk
W =1.4 *4.8 +1.6 *25=46.72KN/m2

Factored load per unit width =wu=46.72KN/m2 *1m=46.72kN/m Wu=
Wu=46720N/m
46.72kN/m
1.6 Design section

re≥ =2.5m , a=2.5m
(a). COMPUTATION OF RADIAL BENDING MOMENTS.
(i) Radial B.M. at Centre per meter width of slab: =2.5m
(Mr)c=
𝑤 2
(Mr)c=16(a (1+µ) , where a=2.5m, wu=46720N/m
21.9kN.m
46720
= *2.52*(1+0.2) =21,900N.m
16
8
(ii) Radial B.M. at any point per meter width of slab: =2.5m
𝑤
(Mr)=16(a2(1+µ)-r2(3+µ))
where a=2.5m ,take at distance `r`=1.35m

1
=16 *46720*(2.52*(1+0.2) -1.352*(3+0.2))
=4,870.56N.m
(iii) Radial B.M. at the edge per meter width of slab: =2.5m
2
(Mr)e = - 16 w(a2+µ)
2
=-16*46720 *(2.52) (Mr)e=
=-36,500N.m -36.5kNm
(b). COMPUTATION OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL BENDING MOMENTS.

(i) Circumferential B.M. at the Centre per meter width of slab
𝑤
(Mθ)c=16(a2(1+µ)-r2(1+3µ))
1
Mθ)c=16*wu(a2+µ) , where , r=0, a=2.5m, wu=46720N/m Mθ)c =
1 21.9kNm
Mθ)c = * 46720*2.52(1+0.2) =21,900Nm
16
Lecture
Notice
(ii) Circumferential B.M. at any point per meter width of slab
𝑤
(Mθ) =16(a2(1+µ)-r2(1+3µ))
where a=2.5m , take at distance `r`=1.35m
1
=16*46720*(2.52*(1+0.2))-1.352*(1+3*0.2))
=13,385.28Nm
(iii) Circumferential B.M. at the edge per meter width of slab
𝑤
(Mθ)e=16(a2(1+µ)-r2(1+3µ))
−2𝑤 2
= aµ
16
At the edge à`=`r`
−2𝑤 2 −2∗46720
aµ = *2.52*0.2
16 16
(Mθ)e=
(Mθ)e=-7,300Nm
-7.3kNm
9
(c). COMPUTATION OF SHEAR FORCE.

Fr =0.5wa (per unit width)- radius à Fr=
=0.5 *46720*2.5=58.4kN 58.4kN
1.7 COMPUTATION OF AN EFFECTIVE DEPTH.

From clause 3.4.4.4 BS 8110: Part 1:1997
𝑀 21,900∗1000
K=𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑐𝑢 =1000∗1592 ∗30 =0.0289
𝐾
Z=𝑑(0.5 + √(0.25 − 0.9)………………………(i)
x=(d-z)/0.45……………………………………..(ii)
10
0.0289
Z=𝑑(0.5 + √(0.25 − )
0.9
Z=0.97d
Z=it not greater than 0.95d (BS8110-1,1997 Clause 3.4.4.4 )
z/d=0.95………………………………………..(iii)
Combining equation (ii & iii)
𝑑−0.95𝑑
x= =0.11d
0.45
𝑥
=0.11 ………………….(iv)
𝑑
From deflection point view, L/d =26, for continuous slab. Unfortunately, the
Code does not give any recommendation for circular slab, so we design as the
beam.
 Clear cover =35mm
 Reinforcement bar size (⏀)=12mm
deff=
Tot Assume 200mm as slab thickness (d) Total depth.
159mm
deff =200-35-12/2 =159mm
Compression force (Fc) = Tension force (Ft)
Mmax= 0.45fcu*b*x (d-0.45x)
(Mr)c =21900N.m
𝑥 𝑥
21,900*103 =0.45 *30*𝑑 (1-0.45 𝑑)bd2
21,900 *1000=0.45*30*0.11(1-0.45*0.11) *1000*d2
21,900 =1.4114925d2
d=124.6mm < 159mm
The required effective depth 124.6mm is less than provided effective 159mm;
we can reduce this for an economic design. But we derived this effective depth
159mm, from a deflection catering (L/d). So to avoid an over deflection, we
can proceed a design with an effective ratio, obtained from L/d ratio,
d=159mm.
1.8 COMPUTATION OF REINFORCEMENT AREA ( Ast)

(i) Reinforcement at the bottom of the circular slab should be calculated from
Moments at the Centre of slab. ((Mr)c& ( Mθ)c )
Radial Moments and circumferential Moments at the Centre are equal
(Mr)c = Mθ)c
(Mr)c = Mθ)c =21,900Nm
M max = Ft * lever arm
11
𝒙
Mmax=21,900N.m , 𝒅= 0.11
21,900x103 =0.87 fy .Ast (d-0.45x)

𝑥
21,900x103 =0.87 *410 *Ast*d(1-0.45𝑑)
𝑥
From eqn (iv) 𝑑=0.11, d=159mm
21,900*1000 =0.87 x410 *Ast *159(1-0.45 *0.11)

Ast req=
Ast=406.25mm 2 406.25mm2
Provide Y12 -250mm 𝑐⁄𝑐reinforcements for bottom one. (B1)(Ast=452mm2)

Y12 -250mm 𝑐⁄𝑐
Hence provide the reinforcement in the form of mesh. Therefore, provide
12mm⏀bar in both direction of 250mm 𝑐 ⁄𝑐 (Astprov=452mm2)
(ii) Reinforcement for bottom two (B2)

12
But the effective depth will change deff=200mm-35mm-12mm- 2 =147mm
𝒙
Mmax=21,900N.m , 𝒅= 0.11
21,900x103 =0.87 fy .Ast (d-0.45x)

𝑥
21,900x103 =0.87 *410 *Ast*d(1-0.45𝑑)
𝑥
21,900*1000 =0.87 x410 *Ast *147(1-0.45 *0.11) Ast req=

439.41mm2
Ast=439.41mm2 Y12 -250mm 𝑐⁄𝑐
(Astprov=452mm2)
Provide Y12 -250mm 𝑐⁄𝑐reinforcements for bottom one. (B1) (Ast=452mm2)
12mm⏀bar in both direction of 250mm 𝑐 ⁄𝑐
(b) Design for Radial Reinforcement at the edge moment,

(i) Reinforcements for top one and Top two (T1&T2)
deff=159mm
M max = Ft * lever arm
Mθ)e = 0.87 fyAst (d-0.45x)
𝑥
36,500 x103 =0.87 *410 *Ast*d(1-0.45𝑑)
𝑥
From eqn (iv) 𝑑=0.11, d=159mm Astreq=
36,500 x103 =0.87 *410 *Ast*159(1-0.45*0.11) 677.08mm2
Ast =677.08mm2 Y12-150mm𝑐⁄𝑐
Provide Y12-150mm 𝑐⁄𝑐 (Ast=753mm2) (Ast prov=753mm2)
12

12mm⏀bar in both direction of 150mm 𝑐 ⁄𝑐
(c) Design for circumferential Reinforcement at the edge moment,

(ii) Reinforcements for Rings
M = Ft * lever arm
𝒙
(Mθ)e =7,300N.m , 𝒅= 0.11
7,300x103 =0.87 fy Ast (d-0.45x)

𝑥
7,300 x103 =0.87 *410 *Ast*d(1-0.45 𝑑)
𝑥
7,300*1000 =0.87 x410 *Ast *147(1-0.45 *0.11)

Ast req=
Ast=146.47mm 2 146.47mm2
2Y12 -300mm
Provide 2Y12 -300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐 (Ast=226.2mm2) 𝑐 ⁄𝑐
(Astprov=
In the circular slab, so we can provide the circumferential reinforcement in the
form of the Ring; provide 2Y12-300mm 𝑐 ⁄𝑐 226.2mm2)
1.9 Check shear

𝟏𝟎𝟎∗𝑨𝒔 𝟏𝟎𝟎∗𝟕𝟓𝟑
p= 𝒃𝒅
=𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎∗𝟏𝟓𝟗 =0.47
From BS 8110-1;1997 Table 3.8

Vc =0.60 N/mm2 ,for fcu =30N/mm2 and above
BS 8110-
1;1997 𝑽 𝟓𝟖.𝟒∗𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
v=𝒃𝒅= 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎∗𝟏𝟓𝟗 = 0.367N/mm2 v=0.367N/mm2
Table 3.8
v < vc =0.367N/mm2 < 0.60N/mm2 ; not sastisfactory
Shear reinforcement is requred , Horizontal Links should be provided. In order
to cater for shear horizontal reinforcements of magnitude.
From BS 8110-1;1997 Table 3.7
0.5vc < v < (vc + 0.4) =0.3N/mm2 < 0.367N/mm2 < 1.0N/mm2 satisfactory for this
condition , hence it require minimum reinforcemnts Links for diagonal bars
Assume the spacing for Links Sv= 300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐

0.4∗𝑏𝑣∗𝑠𝑣 0.4∗1000∗300
𝐴𝑔𝑣 = 0.87 𝑓𝑦𝑣
= 0.87∗460
= 300mm2
13
Provide Y10-300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐 (As=300mm2 per metre ) Y10-300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐

(As=300mm2 per
BS 8110- 2.0 Check for deflection metre )
1;1997 (BS8110-1;1997 ; clause 3.4.6.3 Table 3.9)
Table 3.7 for beams are given in Table 3.9. These are based on limiting the total
deflection to span/depth
span/effective depth ratio= 5000/159 =31.45
The basic span/effective depth ratio =26 from table 3.9 BS8110-1,1997
(𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛−𝑀′ )

βb ratio = (𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛−𝑀)
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑀=21,900N.m
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑀′ =0.87fy *Ast prov (d-

0.45x)
But Ast prov =452mm2
M’ =0.87 *410*452 *159 (1-0.45*0.11) =24,366.36N.m

𝑀′ 24,366.36
βb = = =1.11
𝑀 21900
2 𝑓𝑦∗𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑞 1
Service stress fs = * * from clause 3.4.7 BS 8110-1;1997
3 𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 𝛽𝑏
2 410∗406.25 1
fs =3 * *1.11 =221.32N/mm2
452
From Table 3.10 BS8110-1;1997

Modification factor (m.f) =1.57
Modified span/effective depth ratio =26*1.57 =40.82 >31.45 ; Ok
Table 3.10
BS8110- The code deflection limits have be satisfied.
1;1997
2.2 Crack width calculations
Moment at the centere of circular slab=21,900Nm
Assume As`=0
𝐸𝑠
Let m = =10
𝐸𝑐
As (prov) =753mm2
14
1
𝑚𝐴𝑠 2𝑏𝑑 2
𝑥 = ∗ {(1 + ) − 1}
𝑏 𝑚𝐴𝑠
1
10 ∗ 753 2 ∗ 1000 ∗ 159 2
𝑥 = ∗ {(1 + ) − 1}
1000 10 ∗ 753
𝑥 =42mm
𝑥 42
z =d-3 =159 - 3 = 145mm
𝑀 21900∗103
fs(Reinforcement stress due to vertical)= 𝑍∗𝐴𝑠 = =200N/mm2 due to flexure
145∗753
𝑓𝑠∗𝐴𝑠 200∗753
fc(concrete stress)=0.5∗𝑏∗𝑥 =0.5∗1000∗42=7.2N/mm2
𝑓𝑠 200
ɛs =𝐸𝑠 =200,000 =1.0 ∗ 10−03
ℎ−𝑥 200−42
ɛh =(𝑑−𝑥)ɛs = (159−42) ∗ 1.0 ∗ 10−03
ɛh =1.35 ∗ 10−03 strain of soffit of concrete

𝑏(ℎ−𝑥)2 1
ɛ= ɛh -(3𝐸𝑠∗𝐴𝑠∗(𝑑−𝑥))
1
1000∗(200−42)2
= 1.35 ∗ 10−03 -(3∗200,000∗753∗(159−42))
ɛhm =8.8 ∗ 10−04
15
Average strain for calculation for crack width

ɛm=0.00088
ac1 =√752 + 412 -6 =79.5mm
acr =79.5mm
3∗acr∗ɛm
wcr =1+2((acr−Cmin)/(h−x))
3∗79.5∗8.8∗10−04
= 79.5−35
1+2(
200−42
) wcr=0.13mm
=0.13mm <0.2mm ; ok
2.3 BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR CIRCULAR SLAB
Reinforcement Curtailment for (B1 and B2)

L=2 *(√a2 –h2) , where h=250mm c/c , a=2.5m
Bar Numbers Length(m) Diameter(mm) Reinforcement(m)

Main bar
L1 2 5.499 12 10.998
L2 2 5.396 12 10.792
L3 2 5.29 12 10.58
L4 2 5.183 12 10.366
L5 2 5.072 12 10.144
L6 2 4.959 12 9.918
L7 2 4.843 12 9.686
L8 2 4.723 12 9.446
L9 2 4.6 12 9.2
L10 2 4.473 12 8.946
Distribution bar
L1 2 5.499 12 10.998
L2 2 5.396 12 10.792
L3 2 5.29 12 10.58
L4 2 5.183 12 10.366
L5 2 5.072 12 10.144
L6 2 4.959 12 9.918
L7 2 4.843 12 9.686
L8 2 4.723 12 9.446
L9 2 4.6 12 9.2
L10 2 4.473 12 8.946
Total reinforcement length for (B1 and B2) 200.152m
16
Reinforcement Curtailment for (T1 and T2)

L=2 *(√a2 –h2) , where h=150mm c/c , a=2.5m
Bar Numbers Length(m) Diameter(mm) Reinforcement(m)

Main bar
L1 2 5.591 12 9.982
L2 2 5.564 12 9.928
L3 2 5.518 12 9.836
L4 2 5.454 12 9.708
L5 2 5.37 12 9.54
L6 2 5.265 12 9.33
L7 2 5.138 12 9.076
L8 2 4.986 12 8.772
L9 2 4.808 12 8.416
L10 2 4.6 12 8
L11 2 4.356 12 7.512
L12 2 4.07 12 6.94
L13 2 3.729 12 6.258
L14 2 3.313 12 5.426
L15 2 2.779 12 4.358
L16 2 2 12 2.8
Distribution bar
L1 2 5.591 12 9.982
L2 2 5.564 12 9.928
L3 2 5.518 12 9.836
L4 2 5.454 12 9.708
L5 2 5.37 12 9.54
L6 2 5.265 12 9.33
L7 2 5.138 12 9.076
L8 2 4.986 12 8.772
L9 2 4.808 12 8.416
L10 2 4.6 12 8
L11 2 4.356 12 7.512
L12 2 4.07 12 6.94
L13 2 3.729 12 6.258
L14 2 3.313 12 5.426
L15 2 2.779 12 4.358
L16 2 2 12 2.8
Total reinforcement length for (T1 and T2) 290.164m
Ring bar
05 2 16.300 12 32.600
Total reinforcement length for rings bars 32.6m
17
3. APPENDIX-DRAWINGS
18
19
20
21
22

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UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM Doc #: H/W 02

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Date: Jan,2018

Course Instructor Dr. J.K Makunza Course Code:SD 672

Student Name Makala Simon Advanced Design of Reinforced

Fr :radial shear force

r :any section at distance r from the origin

w :intensity of uniformly distributed load in kN/m2

Φ :Diameter ofreinforcing bar or equivalent diameter of a group of bars

TASK NUMBER TWO (DESIGN OF CIRCULAR SLAB)

Hence the alternative method of providing reinforcement is adopted. Reinforcement is provided

1.1Uses of Circular Slabs:

1.2 Moment distribution of circular slab with different boundary conditions.

(Mθ)e =0 -at the edge, a=r

1.4 DATA ANALYSIS

1.5 Ultimate loads

W =1.4 *4.8 +1.6 *25=46.72KN/m2

1.6 Design section

where a=2.5m ,take at distance `r`=1.35m

(b). COMPUTATION OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL BENDING MOMENTS.

(iii) Circumferential B.M. at the edge per meter width of slab

(c). COMPUTATION OF SHEAR FORCE.

1.7 COMPUTATION OF AN EFFECTIVE DEPTH.

Mmax= 0.45fcu*b*x (d-0.45x)

1.8 COMPUTATION OF REINFORCEMENT AREA ( Ast)

21,900x103 =0.87 fy .Ast (d-0.45x)

21,900*1000 =0.87 x410 *Ast *159(1-0.45 *0.11)

Provide Y12 -250mm 𝑐⁄𝑐reinforcements for bottom one. (B1)(Ast=452mm2)

(ii) Reinforcement for bottom two (B2)

21,900x103 =0.87 fy .Ast (d-0.45x)

21,900*1000 =0.87 x410 *Ast *147(1-0.45 *0.11) Ast req=

(b) Design for Radial Reinforcement at the edge moment,

Hence provide the reinforcement in the form of mesh. Therefore, provide

(c) Design for circumferential Reinforcement at the edge moment,

7,300x103 =0.87 fy Ast (d-0.45x)

7,300*1000 =0.87 x410 *Ast *147(1-0.45 *0.11)

1.9 Check shear

From BS 8110-1;1997 Table 3.8

Assume the spacing for Links Sv= 300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐

Provide Y10-300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐 (As=300mm2 per metre ) Y10-300mm 𝑐⁄𝑐

(𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛−𝑀′ )

𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑀=21,900N.m

𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑀′ =0.87fy *Ast prov (d-

But Ast prov =452mm2

M’ =0.87 *410*452 *159 (1-0.45*0.11) =24,366.36N.m

From Table 3.10 BS8110-1;1997

ɛh =1.35 ∗ 10−03 strain of soffit of concrete

ɛhm =8.8 ∗ 10−04

Average strain for calculation for crack width

ac1 =√752 + 412 -6 =79.5mm

2.3 BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR CIRCULAR SLAB

Reinforcement Curtailment for (B1 and B2)

Bar Numbers Length(m) Diameter(mm) Reinforcement(m)

Reinforcement Curtailment for (T1 and T2)

Bar Numbers Length(m) Diameter(mm) Reinforcement(m)

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W =1.4 4.8 +1.6 25=46.72KN/m2

Mmax= 0.45fcubx (d-0.45x)

21,9001000 =0.87 x410 Ast 159(1-0.45 0.11)

21,9001000 =0.87 x410 Ast 147(1-0.45 0.11) Ast req=

7,3001000 =0.87 x410 Ast 147(1-0.45 0.11)

M’ =0.87 410452 159 (1-0.450.11) =24,366.36N.m